EP3222795B1 - Wall or floor covering element - Google Patents

Wall or floor covering element Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3222795B1
EP3222795B1 EP16161925.9A EP16161925A EP3222795B1 EP 3222795 B1 EP3222795 B1 EP 3222795B1 EP 16161925 A EP16161925 A EP 16161925A EP 3222795 B1 EP3222795 B1 EP 3222795B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
carrier plate
covering element
outer layer
polymer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16161925.9A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3222795A1 (en
Inventor
Edwin Lingg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Li & Co AG
Original Assignee
Li & Co AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to EP16161925.9A priority Critical patent/EP3222795B1/en
Application filed by Li & Co AG filed Critical Li & Co AG
Priority to ES16161925T priority patent/ES2927610T3/en
Priority to PL16161925.9T priority patent/PL3222795T3/en
Priority to PCT/IB2017/051651 priority patent/WO2017163193A1/en
Priority to CN201780018968.9A priority patent/CN108779646A/en
Priority to CA3016294A priority patent/CA3016294A1/en
Priority to RU2018137041A priority patent/RU2738436C2/en
Priority to RU2020140215A priority patent/RU2763569C2/en
Priority to EP24157930.9A priority patent/EP4344899A2/en
Priority to BR112018068733-2A priority patent/BR112018068733B1/en
Priority to EP17712851.9A priority patent/EP3433447A1/en
Publication of EP3222795A1 publication Critical patent/EP3222795A1/en
Priority to US16/137,169 priority patent/US10883276B2/en
Priority to US17/136,875 priority patent/US11454035B2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3222795B1 publication Critical patent/EP3222795B1/en
Priority to US17/893,517 priority patent/US11781321B2/en
Priority to US18/241,446 priority patent/US20230407645A1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/0889—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements characterised by the joints between neighbouring elements, e.g. with joint fillings or with tongue and groove connections
    • E04F13/0894—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements characterised by the joints between neighbouring elements, e.g. with joint fillings or with tongue and groove connections with tongue and groove connections
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/10—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of other materials, e.g. fibrous or chipped materials, organic plastics, magnesite tiles, hardboard, or with a top layer of other materials
    • E04F15/107—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of other materials, e.g. fibrous or chipped materials, organic plastics, magnesite tiles, hardboard, or with a top layer of other materials composed of several layers, e.g. sandwich panels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C1/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
    • B44C1/24—Pressing or stamping ornamental designs on surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C5/00—Processes for producing special ornamental bodies
    • B44C5/04—Ornamental plaques, e.g. decorative panels, decorative veneers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/0871—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements having an ornamental or specially shaped visible surface
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/16—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements of fibres or chips, e.g. bonded with synthetic resins, or with an outer layer of fibres or chips
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/02005—Construction of joints, e.g. dividing strips
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/02038—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements characterised by tongue and groove connections between neighbouring flooring elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/10—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of other materials, e.g. fibrous or chipped materials, organic plastics, magnesite tiles, hardboard, or with a top layer of other materials
    • E04F15/102—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of other materials, e.g. fibrous or chipped materials, organic plastics, magnesite tiles, hardboard, or with a top layer of other materials of fibrous or chipped materials, e.g. bonded with synthetic resins
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/03—Undercut connections, e.g. using undercut tongues or grooves

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a covering element for ceilings, walls or floors for indoor use as well as for outdoor use.
  • Wall or floor covering elements are known, in particular for indoor use, which consist of a wood-containing carrier board or plastic, in particular HDF, to which a covering layer is applied, with the side edges of the floor covering element having either projections or recesses on the sides facing away from one another interlock when the covering elements are arranged next to one another, in order to enable easier laying of the covering elements to form a continuous covering.
  • a connection is also often referred to as a click connection, because it enables a floor covering made up of several elements to be laid seamlessly, even for inexperienced workers.
  • EP 2 730 429 discloses a method for producing a decorated floor panel, comprising the method steps: a) providing a plate-shaped carrier, for example a gypsum fiber board, b) applying a decoration with digital printing and c) applying a top layer.
  • EP 2 202 056 discloses a floor panel with a backing board comprising mineral fibers.
  • the carrier plate is designed as a mineral carrier plate, ie it contains at least one mineral which is pressed together to form a plate by means of an adhesive.
  • the pressing can take place cold or possibly under the influence of heat.
  • Natural fibers are used as adhesion material, which are then in particular under The effects of temperature and pressure lead to good adhesion (solidification) of the mineral particles.
  • this covering element according to the invention is that it is both insensitive to thermal stress and insensitive to moisture.
  • the mineral backing plate preferably has a thickness of between 2 and 30 mm, in particular 2 to 20 mm, preferably 3 to 15 mm, depending on whether the covering element is used as wall covering, ceiling covering or floor covering or where the floor covering is arranged, e.g. in a private household or in a factory building or self-supporting or lying on the entire surface.
  • the carrier plate consists of mineral elements pressed with natural fibers. Such a carrier plate has proven to be very water-resistant as well as thermally stable and, above all, mechanically stable. In addition, such a carrier plate can be easily provided with a decorative layer on its surface.
  • the carrier plate has an insulating layer on its back, in particular an elastomer layer, preferably a foamed polymer, in particular elastomer, or a natural product based on cork or wood, in order in this way to provide footfall sound insulation and/or heat insulation to the substrate or floor .to provide the wall. Covering elements of this type could also be used for thermal insulation on external facades.
  • this insulating layer also serves as a balancing sheet, so that the panel does not become deformed when it is coated on one side.
  • the decorative layer consists of a color pigment-containing base layer applied to the carrier plate, on which a color pigment-containing digital print layer is at least partially arranged, on which base or digital print layer at least one polymer-containing transparent cover layer is arranged, which preferably has a structured surface.
  • a decorative layer offers a very strong individualization due to the digital printing. For example, different materials such as wood or leather or stones or fantasy designs can be imitated.
  • the impression created by the digital printing is underlined by the structured surface, so that any structures can be simulated very well with the covering element according to the invention, such as wood structures, stone structures and the like.
  • the top layer preferably contains polyurethane or acrylic, which on the one hand is very well suited as an abrasion-resistant top layer and on the other hand has the transparency required to allow the base layer and/or the digital print layer to show through.
  • the top layer preferably contains a UV-curing polymer, the top layer being deformed after it has been applied to the digital print layer or base layer, for example by means of a textured roller.
  • the surface structure of the covering element can thus be imitated by the structure simulated by the digital print, whereby the virtual structure, such as a wood or stone surface, is reproduced very realistically.
  • the cover layer consists of a mixed layer of a polymeric matrix material with binding properties and a filler material, which mixed layer is preferably applied to the carrier plate in the liquid state or in solid form, such as plates or rolls. Due to the liquid application, the mixed layer connects very well with the mineral-containing carrier board and through the appropriate selection of the filling material, such as leather particles, wood or cork particles, a desired structure can also be imitated very well through the mixed layer.
  • This embodiment therefore represents a cost-effective alternative to digital printing.
  • the surface of the mixed layer is preferably structured, which can be achieved, for example, by treatment with an embossing roller, in particular as long as the mixed layer has not yet hardened after application, in particular at an elevated temperature of between 40 and 100 degrees Celsius.
  • the recesses and projections of the carrier plate forming a tongue and groove connection can be applied before the decorative layer is applied or after the application the decorative layer are introduced into the carrier board. This is possible in particular because the recesses and projections are arranged solely in the carrier plate and not in the decorative layer.
  • the invention also relates to a method for producing a wall or floor covering element according to claim 9, in which a mineral substrate, i.e. one containing at least one mineral material, is coated with a decorative layer, with the decorative layer being applied to opposite side edges of the substrate before or after application Recesses and projections are produced by milling, which form a tongue and groove connection and which engage in one another in a form-fitting manner when the covering elements are lying next to one another.
  • the carrier plate is coated with a base layer or primer, which contains a polymer material containing colored pigments.
  • a base layer or primer which contains a polymer material containing colored pigments.
  • at least one digital printing layer containing color pigments is applied to the base layer, to which at least one transparent top layer containing polymer, e.g. polyurethane or acrylic, is applied after drying or curing, with the application taking place at a temperature higher than room temperature, in particular in a temperature range of 40-100°C, in particular in a temperature range of 60-100°C.
  • white and black pigments are generally referred to as color pigments.
  • a surface structure is applied to the cover layer at elevated temperature, in particular at 40-100° C., preferably by embossing with at least one structured embossing roller.
  • the covering element creates a very good desired surface impression, e.g. the impression of a wooden surface or stone surface.
  • a decorative layer is applied to the carrier plate, in particular in liquid form, which is formed by a mixed layer of a curable polymer and a filler material.
  • the filling material can be rock grains, sand, rock flour, wood fibers, wood flour or leather fibers or leather flour. This can also be compared to the digital printing process a desired surface effect can be achieved within certain limits using significantly simpler methods.
  • the mixed layer is cured, eg chemically, thermally or optically (UV). Linoleum and plastic fibers or rock particles can also be incorporated into the mixed layer.
  • the surface of the mixed layer is preferably structured at elevated temperature, in particular at 40-100° C., in particular by an embossing roller, so that the optical impression produced by the mixed layer can be underlined by the surface structure.
  • the mixed layer is cured to a modulus of elasticity of 0.05-0.5 GPa.
  • the hardened mixed layer thus has an elasticity in the rubber area, whereby e.g. leather surfaces or rubber surfaces can be imitated well.
  • the mixed layer can be cured thermally by UV or chemically.
  • the cover layer is preferably applied as a hot coating using a hot embossing roller.
  • the transparent cover layer may be a single layer or may be comprised of multiple layers stacked one on top of the other.
  • this cover layer is formed by at least one layer of a UV-curing lacquer.
  • the advantage of the covering element according to the invention is that it is waterproof, absolutely dimensionally stable and non-flammable, and hardly develops any smoke/smoke. It thus solves all the problems that occurred with conventional wood fiber boards, namely sensitivity to moisture and flammability, as well as the problems that apply to plastic boards, namely lack of dimensional stability with temperature fluctuations and flammability, or heavy smoke and smoke formation.
  • the mineral base plate is also easy to mill, so that the required recesses and projections for forming the tongue and groove connections can be easily milled.
  • the covering element is suitable as a floor covering, wall covering, ceiling covering or as a facade panel outdoors.
  • the mineral support plate contains at least one mineral known per se, such as ceramics, glass, stone, gypsum, in the form of flour or particles.
  • the mineral elements are bonded together by natural fibers, preferably after thermal pressing.
  • a covering element according to the invention is generally rectangular or square, with the recesses and projections on all four side edges being designed in such a way that the recesses are preferably arranged on two side edges lying next to one another and the projections on the other two side edges lying next to one another.
  • the mineral backing plate can of course be multi-layered.
  • base coat - primer mineral support plate - a support plate having at least one mineral material; covering element - covering plate;
  • the invention also relates to a covering composed of a plurality of covering elements which engage in one another with their recesses and projections formed on the edges.
  • the covering element 10 shows a plate-shaped covering element 10, which can be assembled with other covering elements 10 to form a floor covering, ceiling covering and/or wall covering, even outdoors.
  • the covering element 10 contains a mineral-containing carrier plate 12, which has either projections 14 or recesses 16 on its side edges 17, 19 facing away from one another, which represent tongue and groove connections that fit into one another when the covering elements are lying next to one another. So join in adjacent covering elements 10, the projections 14 of a covering element 10 in the recess 16 of the adjacent covering element 10.
  • an insulating layer 18 can optionally be arranged for footfall sound insulation and / or thermal insulation. This layer is preferably applied directly to the carrier plate 12 or glued to it.
  • a base layer 20 which has color pigments in order to give the front side or upper side of the carrier plate 12 a desired base color.
  • This base layer is preferably optional, because in principle the color of the carrier plate can be suitable as a basis for a subsequent digital printing process if the material of the carrier plate 12 is selected accordingly.
  • a digital printing layer 22 is applied to the base layer 20 in the digital printing process, with this digital printing layer 22 not being able to be applied over the entire surface but only in the areas to be printed.
  • At least one cover layer 24 is applied to the digital print layer or base layer 20, which consists in particular of a UV-curing polyurethane or acrylic.
  • a structure 26 is applied to this cover layer 24 by means of an embossing roller, in particular using the hot-coating method, which structure preferably reinforces the impression produced by the digitally printed layer 22 .
  • a covering sheet is produced which very well reflects an impression of a desired material, for example a layer of wood, a layer of leather, a layer of stone or a layer of cork.
  • the cover layer 24 can also be formed by several layers of a particularly UV-curing polymer.
  • the application of the cover layer 24 and its profiling are preferably applied in the hot-coating process using a hot roller.
  • the hot-coating process itself is known.
  • the floor covering element 30 from 2 also has a carrier plate 12, which contains minerals and has projections 14 and recesses 16 on opposite side edges 17, 19. The projections and recesses of this tongue and groove system are shown only schematically.
  • a covering element according to the invention is generally rectangular, in particular square, and that the recesses and projections are formed on four sides, with the recesses 16 preferably being arranged on two adjacent sides and on the other two adjacent sides the protrusions 14.
  • the mineral material support plate 12 optionally has a dam layer 18, as already shown in FIG 1 known.
  • This insulation layer is optional and only required if desired impact sound insulation and/or thermal insulation is desired.
  • this insulating layer can also be used as a balancing backing if required.
  • the carrier plate 12 On its upper side, the carrier plate 12 carries a mixed layer 32 made of a polymer and a filler. Leather, cork, wood, stone, mineral powder, sand, for example, are suitable as fillers, and these materials can be provided either as particles or as fibers in the polymer matrix of the mixed layer.
  • the mixed layer is preferably an elastomeric layer, which cures in particular to a modulus of elasticity of 0.05-0.5 GPa, giving it a rubber-like elasticity.
  • a cork, wood or leather impression can be underlined very well.
  • Such a covering element is very suitable as a wall covering element.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Belagelement für Decken, Wände- oder Böden für den Innenbereich, als auch zur Verwendung im Außenbereich.The present invention relates to a covering element for ceilings, walls or floors for indoor use as well as for outdoor use.

Es sind Wand- oder Bodenbelagelemente, insbesondere für den Innenbereich bekannt, die aus einer holzhaltigen Trägerplatte, oder Kunststoff bestehen, insbesondere HDF, auf welche eine Deckschicht aufgebracht ist, wobei die Seitenkanten des Bodenbelagelements an den einander abgewandten Seiten entweder Vorsprünge oder Ausnehmungen aufweisen, die bei nebeneinander angeordneten Belagelementen ineinander greifen, um so eine leichtere Verlegung der Belagelemente zu einem durchgehenden Belag zu ermöglichen. Eine derartige Verbindung wird auch oft Klickverbindung genannt, weil sie auch für ungeübte Kräfte eine fugenfreie Verlegung eines Belags aus mehreren Elementen ermöglicht.Wall or floor covering elements are known, in particular for indoor use, which consist of a wood-containing carrier board or plastic, in particular HDF, to which a covering layer is applied, with the side edges of the floor covering element having either projections or recesses on the sides facing away from one another interlock when the covering elements are arranged next to one another, in order to enable easier laying of the covering elements to form a continuous covering. Such a connection is also often referred to as a click connection, because it enables a floor covering made up of several elements to be laid seamlessly, even for inexperienced workers.

Es ist Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein Belagelement derart weiterzuentwickeln, dass es individuell konfigurierbar und unempfindlich gegen Feuchtigkeit und Temperaturänderung ist.It is the object of the present invention to further develop a covering element in such a way that it can be individually configured and is insensitive to moisture and temperature changes.

EP 2 730 429 offenbart ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines dekorierten Bodenpaneels, aufweisend die Verfahrensschritte: a) Bereitstellen eines plattenförmigen Trägers, zum Beispiel ein Gipsfaserplatte, b) Aufbringen eines Dekors mit Digitaldruck und c) Aufbringen einer Deckschicht. EP 2 730 429 discloses a method for producing a decorated floor panel, comprising the method steps: a) providing a plate-shaped carrier, for example a gypsum fiber board, b) applying a decoration with digital printing and c) applying a top layer.

EP 2 202 056 offenbart ein Bodenpaneel mit einem Trägerplatte die mineralische Fasern umfasst. EP 2 202 056 discloses a floor panel with a backing board comprising mineral fibers.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch ein Belagelement mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Die Aufgabe wird weiterhin durch ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Belagelements gemäß Anspruch 9 gelost. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der zugeordneten abhängigen Ansprüche. Erfindungsgemäß ist die Trägerplatte als mineralische Trägerplatte ausgebildet, d.h. sie enthält zumindest ein Mineral, das durch ein Adhäsionsmittel miteinander zu einer Platte verpresst ist. Die Verpressung kann kalt oder evtl. unter Thermoeinwirkung erfolgen. Als Adhäsionsmaterial dienen Naturfasern, die dann insbesondere unter Temperatur- und Druckeinwirkung zu einem guten Verkleben (Verfestigen) der Mineralpartikel führen.According to the invention, this object is achieved by a covering element having the features of claim 1 . The object is also achieved by a method for producing a covering element according to claim 9. Advantageous developments of the invention are the subject matter of the associated dependent claims. According to the invention, the carrier plate is designed as a mineral carrier plate, ie it contains at least one mineral which is pressed together to form a plate by means of an adhesive. The pressing can take place cold or possibly under the influence of heat. Natural fibers are used as adhesion material, which are then in particular under The effects of temperature and pressure lead to good adhesion (solidification) of the mineral particles.

Der Vorteil dieses erfindungsgemäßen Belagelements besteht darin, dass es sowohl unempfindlich gegen thermische Beanspruchungen als auch unempfindlich gegen Feuchtigkeit ist.The advantage of this covering element according to the invention is that it is both insensitive to thermal stress and insensitive to moisture.

Vorzugsweise hat die mineralische Trägerplatte eine Stärke zwischen 2 und 30 mm, insbesondere 2 bis 20 mm, vorzugsweise 3 bis 15 mm, je nachdem, ob das Belagelement als Wandbelag, Deckenbelag oder Bodenbelag verwendet wird bzw. wo der Bodenbelag angeordnet wird, z.B. ein Privathaushalt oder in eine Fabrikhalle bzw. selbsttragend oder vollflächig aufliegend.The mineral backing plate preferably has a thickness of between 2 and 30 mm, in particular 2 to 20 mm, preferably 3 to 15 mm, depending on whether the covering element is used as wall covering, ceiling covering or floor covering or where the floor covering is arranged, e.g. in a private household or in a factory building or self-supporting or lying on the entire surface.

Die Trägerplatte besteht aus mit Naturfasern verpressten Mineralelementen. Eine derartige Trägerplatte hat sich als sehr wasserbeständig als auch thermisch beständig und vor allem mechanisch stabil erwiesen. Zudem lasst sich eine derartige Trägerplatte an ihrer Oberfläche gut mit einer Dekorschicht versehen.The carrier plate consists of mineral elements pressed with natural fibers. Such a carrier plate has proven to be very water-resistant as well as thermally stable and, above all, mechanically stable. In addition, such a carrier plate can be easily provided with a decorative layer on its surface.

In einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung tragt die Trägerplatte auf ihrer Rückseite eine Dämmschicht, insbesondere eine Elastomerschicht, vorzugsweise ein geschäumtes Polymer, insbesondere Elastomer, oder ein Naturprodukt auf Basis von Kork oder Holz, um auf diese Weise eine Trittschalldämmung und/oder Wärmedämmung zum Untergrund bzw. zur Wand bereitzustellen. Derartige Belagelemente könnten auch zum Wärmeschutz an Außenfassaden verwendet werden. Zudem dient diese Dämmschicht auch als Gegenzug, damit die Platte sich bei einseitiger Beschichtung nicht verformt.In an advantageous development of the invention, the carrier plate has an insulating layer on its back, in particular an elastomer layer, preferably a foamed polymer, in particular elastomer, or a natural product based on cork or wood, in order in this way to provide footfall sound insulation and/or heat insulation to the substrate or floor .to provide the wall. Covering elements of this type could also be used for thermal insulation on external facades. In addition, this insulating layer also serves as a balancing sheet, so that the panel does not become deformed when it is coated on one side.

Gemäß der Erfindung besteht die Dekorschicht aus einer auf die Trägerplatte aufgebrachten Farbpigment-haltigen Grundschicht, auf der zumindest teilweise eine farbpigmenthaltige Digitaldruckschicht angeordnet ist, auf welcher Grund- bzw. Digitaldruckschicht wenigstens eine polymerhaltige transparente Deckschicht angeordnet ist, die vorzugsweise eine strukturierte Oberfläche hat. Eine derartige Dekorschicht bietet aufgrund der Digitalbedruckung eine sehr starke Individualisierung. So können z.B. unterschiedliche Materialien, wie Holz oder Leder oder Steine oder Fantasiedesigns imitiert werden. Der durch die Digitalbedruckung hervorgerufene Eindruck wird durch die strukturierte Oberfläche unterstrichen, so dass sich mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Belagelement sehr gut beliebige Strukturen simulieren lassen, wie z.B. Holzstrukturen, Steinstrukturen und dgl..According to the invention, the decorative layer consists of a color pigment-containing base layer applied to the carrier plate, on which a color pigment-containing digital print layer is at least partially arranged, on which base or digital print layer at least one polymer-containing transparent cover layer is arranged, which preferably has a structured surface. Such a decorative layer offers a very strong individualization due to the digital printing. For example, different materials such as wood or leather or stones or fantasy designs can be imitated. The impression created by the digital printing is underlined by the structured surface, so that any structures can be simulated very well with the covering element according to the invention, such as wood structures, stone structures and the like.

Vorzugsweise enthält die Deckschicht Polyurethan oder Acryl, welches zum einen sich sehr gut als abriebbeständige Deckschicht eignet, und zum anderen die erforderliche Transparenz aufweist, um die Grundschicht und/oder die Digitaldruckschicht durchscheinen zu lassen.The top layer preferably contains polyurethane or acrylic, which on the one hand is very well suited as an abrasion-resistant top layer and on the other hand has the transparency required to allow the base layer and/or the digital print layer to show through.

Vorzugsweise enthält die Deckschicht ein UV-härtendes Polymer, wobei die Deckschicht nach dem Aufbringen auf die Digitaldruckschicht bzw. Grundschicht z.B. durch eine Strukturwalze deformiert ist. Die Oberflächenstruktur des Belagelements kann somit einem, durch die den Digitaldruck simulierte Struktur nachempfunden werden, wodurch die virtuelle Struktur, wie z.B. eine Holz- oder Steinflache sehr realistisch wiedergegeben wird.The top layer preferably contains a UV-curing polymer, the top layer being deformed after it has been applied to the digital print layer or base layer, for example by means of a textured roller. The surface structure of the covering element can thus be imitated by the structure simulated by the digital print, whereby the virtual structure, such as a wood or stone surface, is reproduced very realistically.

In einer dazu alternativen Ausführungsform besteht die Deckschicht aus einer Mischschicht aus einem polymeren Matrixmaterial mit Bindeeigenschaften und einem Füllmaterial, welche Mischschicht vorzugsweise im flüssigen Zustand oder fester Form, wie Platten oder Rollenform auf die Trägerplatte aufgebracht ist. Durch das flüssige Aufbringen verbindet sich die Mischschicht sehr gut mit der mineralstoffhaltigen Trägerplatte und durch die entsprechende Auswahl des Füllmaterials, wie z.B. Lederpartikel, Holz- oder Korkpartikel, kann auch durch die Mischschicht in eine gewünschte Struktur sehr gut nachempfunden werden. Diese Ausführungsform stellt daher eine kostengünstige Alternative zu dem Digitaldruck dar.In an alternative embodiment, the cover layer consists of a mixed layer of a polymeric matrix material with binding properties and a filler material, which mixed layer is preferably applied to the carrier plate in the liquid state or in solid form, such as plates or rolls. Due to the liquid application, the mixed layer connects very well with the mineral-containing carrier board and through the appropriate selection of the filling material, such as leather particles, wood or cork particles, a desired structure can also be imitated very well through the mixed layer. This embodiment therefore represents a cost-effective alternative to digital printing.

Vorzugsweise ist die Oberfläche der Mischschicht strukturiert, was z.B. durch eine Behandlung mit einer Prägewalze erreicht werden kann, insbesondere solange die Mischschicht nach dem Aufbringen noch nicht ausgehartet ist, insbesondere unter erhöhter Temperatur zwischen 40 und 100 Grad Celsius.The surface of the mixed layer is preferably structured, which can be achieved, for example, by treatment with an embossing roller, in particular as long as the mixed layer has not yet hardened after application, in particular at an elevated temperature of between 40 and 100 degrees Celsius.

Die eine Nut/Federverbindung bildenden Ausnehmungen und Vorsprünge der Trägerplatte können vor dem Aufbringen der Dekorschicht oder nach dem Aufbringen der Dekorschicht in die Trägerplatte eingebracht werden. Dies ist insbesondere deswegen möglich, weil die Ausnehmungen und Vorsprünge allein in der Trägerplatte angeordnet sind und nicht in der Dekorschicht.The recesses and projections of the carrier plate forming a tongue and groove connection can be applied before the decorative layer is applied or after the application the decorative layer are introduced into the carrier board. This is possible in particular because the recesses and projections are arranged solely in the carrier plate and not in the decorative layer.

Die Erfindung betrifft ebenfalls ein Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Wand- oder Bodenbelagelements gemäß Anspruch 9, , bei welchem eine mineralische, d.h. wenigstens ein mineralisches Material aufweisende Trägerplatte mit einer Dekorschicht beschichtet wird, wobei vor oder nach dem Aufbringen der Dekorschicht an einander abgewandten Seitenkanten der Trägerplatte durch Fräsen Ausnehmungen und Vorsprünge erzeugt werden, die eine Nut/Federverbindung bilden und die bei nebeneinander liegenden Belagelementen formschlüssig ineinander greifen.The invention also relates to a method for producing a wall or floor covering element according to claim 9, in which a mineral substrate, i.e. one containing at least one mineral material, is coated with a decorative layer, with the decorative layer being applied to opposite side edges of the substrate before or after application Recesses and projections are produced by milling, which form a tongue and groove connection and which engage in one another in a form-fitting manner when the covering elements are lying next to one another.

Gemäß der Erfindung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird die Trägerplatte mit einer Grundschicht bzw. Primer beschichtet, die ein farbpigmenthaltiges Polymermaterial enthält. Auf die Grundschicht wird nach dem Trocknen im Digitaldruckverfahren zumindest eine Farbpigment-haltige Digitaldruckschicht, auf welche nach dem Trocknen bzw. Aushärten wenigstens eine polymerhaltige transparente Deckschicht, z.B. Polyurethan oder Acryl aufgebracht wird, wobei das Aufbringen mit einer gegenüber Raumtemperatur erhöhten Temperatur erfolgt, insbesondere in einem Temperaturbereich von 40-100°C, insbesondere in einem Temperaturbereich von 60-100°C. Mit Farbpigment werden insgesamt neben bunten auch weiße und schwarze Pigmente bezeichnet.According to the invention of the method according to the invention, the carrier plate is coated with a base layer or primer, which contains a polymer material containing colored pigments. After drying in the digital printing process, at least one digital printing layer containing color pigments is applied to the base layer, to which at least one transparent top layer containing polymer, e.g. polyurethane or acrylic, is applied after drying or curing, with the application taking place at a temperature higher than room temperature, in particular in a temperature range of 40-100°C, in particular in a temperature range of 60-100°C. In addition to colored pigments, white and black pigments are generally referred to as color pigments.

In die Deckschicht wird noch bei erhöhter Temperatur, insbesondere bei 40-100°C vorzugsweise durch Prägen mit wenigstens einer strukturierten Prägewalze eine Oberflächenstruktur aufgebracht. Auf diese Weise wird durch das Belagelement sehr gut ein gewünschter Oberflächeneindruck erzeugt, z.B. der Eindruck einer Holzfläche oder Steinfläche.A surface structure is applied to the cover layer at elevated temperature, in particular at 40-100° C., preferably by embossing with at least one structured embossing roller. In this way, the covering element creates a very good desired surface impression, e.g. the impression of a wooden surface or stone surface.

In einem alternativen Verfahren die nicht zur Erfindung gehört, wird auf die Trägerplatte eine Dekorschicht insbesondere flüssig aufgetragen, die durch eine Mischschicht aus einem härtbaren Polymer und einem Füllmaterial gebildet ist. Das Füllmaterial können Gesteinskorner, Sand, Gesteinsmehl, Holzfasern, Holzmehl oder Lederfasern bzw. Ledermehl sein. Somit kann auch durch dieses gegenüber dem Digitaldruckverfahren wesentlich einfachere Verfahren in bestimmten Grenzen ein gewünschter Oberflächeneffekt erzielt werden. Nach dem Aufbringen wird die Mischschicht ausgehärtet, z.B. chemisch, thermisch oder optisch (UV). In die Mischschicht können auch Linoleum und Kunststofffasern oder Gesteinspartikel eingebracht werden. Vorzugsweise wird die Mischschicht bei erhöhter Temperatur, insbesondere bei 40-100°C insbesondere durch eine Prägewalze an ihrer Oberfläche strukturiert, so dass der durch die Mischschicht erzeugte optische Eindruck durch die Oberflächenstruktur unterstrichen werden kann.In an alternative method which does not belong to the invention, a decorative layer is applied to the carrier plate, in particular in liquid form, which is formed by a mixed layer of a curable polymer and a filler material. The filling material can be rock grains, sand, rock flour, wood fibers, wood flour or leather fibers or leather flour. This can also be compared to the digital printing process a desired surface effect can be achieved within certain limits using significantly simpler methods. After application, the mixed layer is cured, eg chemically, thermally or optically (UV). Linoleum and plastic fibers or rock particles can also be incorporated into the mixed layer. The surface of the mixed layer is preferably structured at elevated temperature, in particular at 40-100° C., in particular by an embossing roller, so that the optical impression produced by the mixed layer can be underlined by the surface structure.

In einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung dieses Verfahrens wird die Mischschicht auf ein Elastizitätsmodul von 0,05-0,5 GPa ausgehärtet. Die ausgehärtete Mischschicht hat somit eine Elastizität im Gummibereich, wobei z.B. Lederflächen oder Gummiflächen gut imitiert werden können. Das Aushärten der Mischschicht kann hierbei thermisch durch UV oder chemisch erfolgen.In an advantageous development of this method, the mixed layer is cured to a modulus of elasticity of 0.05-0.5 GPa. The hardened mixed layer thus has an elasticity in the rubber area, whereby e.g. leather surfaces or rubber surfaces can be imitated well. The mixed layer can be cured thermally by UV or chemically.

Bei dem digitalen Druckverfahren wird die Deckschicht vorzugsweise als Hot-Coating mittels einer heißen Prägewalze aufgebracht. Die transparente Deckschicht kann eine einfache Schicht sein oder kann durch mehrere übereinander geschichtete Lagen enthalten. Insbesondere ist diese Deckschicht durch wenigstens eine Schicht eines UV-härtenden Lacks gebildet.In the digital printing process, the cover layer is preferably applied as a hot coating using a hot embossing roller. The transparent cover layer may be a single layer or may be comprised of multiple layers stacked one on top of the other. In particular, this cover layer is formed by at least one layer of a UV-curing lacquer.

Der Vorteil des erfindungsgemäßen Belagelements besteht darin, dass es wasserfest, absolut maßstabil und nicht brennbar ist, sowie kaum Rauch / Qualm entwickelt. Es löst somit alle Probleme, die bei herkömmlichen Holzfaserplatten auftraten, nämlich Feuchtigkeitsempfindlichkeit und leichte Brennbarkeit als auch die Probleme, die bei Kunststoffplatten auftragen, nämlich mangelnde Maßstabilität bei Temperaturschwankungen und Brennbarkeit, bzw. starke Rauch-, Qualmbildung. Die mineralische Trägerplatte ist ebenfalls gut fräsbar, so dass die geforderten Ausnehmungen und Vorsprünge für die Bildung der Nut-Feder-Verbindungen leicht einzufräsen sind.The advantage of the covering element according to the invention is that it is waterproof, absolutely dimensionally stable and non-flammable, and hardly develops any smoke/smoke. It thus solves all the problems that occurred with conventional wood fiber boards, namely sensitivity to moisture and flammability, as well as the problems that apply to plastic boards, namely lack of dimensional stability with temperature fluctuations and flammability, or heavy smoke and smoke formation. The mineral base plate is also easy to mill, so that the required recesses and projections for forming the tongue and groove connections can be easily milled.

Das Belagelement eignet sich als Fußbodenbelag, Wandbelag, Deckenbelag oder als Fassadenplatte im Außenbereich. Die mineralische Trägerplatte enthält wenigstens einen an sich bekannten Mineralstoff, wie z.B. Keramik, Glas, Stein, Gips, in Form von Mehl oder Partikeln. Die Mineralelemente sind durch Naturfasern vorzugsweise nach thermischem Verpressen miteinander verklebt.The covering element is suitable as a floor covering, wall covering, ceiling covering or as a facade panel outdoors. The mineral support plate contains at least one mineral known per se, such as ceramics, glass, stone, gypsum, in the form of flour or particles. The mineral elements are bonded together by natural fibers, preferably after thermal pressing.

Ein erfindungsgemäßes Belagelement ist in der Regel rechteckig oder quadratisch, wobei die Ausnehmungen und Vorsprünge an allen vier Seitenkanten derart ausgebildet sind, dass an zwei nebeneinander liegenden Seitenkanten vorzugsweise die Ausnehmungen angeordnet sind und an den anderen beiden nebeneinander liegenden Seitenkanten die Vorsprünge.A covering element according to the invention is generally rectangular or square, with the recesses and projections on all four side edges being designed in such a way that the recesses are preferably arranged on two side edges lying next to one another and the projections on the other two side edges lying next to one another.

Die mineralische Trägerplatte kann natürlich mehrschichtig sein.The mineral backing plate can of course be multi-layered.

Folgende Ausdrücke werden synonym verwendet: Grundschicht - Primer; mineralische Trägerplatte - eine wenigstens ein mineralisches Material aufweisende Trägerplatte; Belagelement - Belagplatte;The following terms are used synonymously: base coat - primer; mineral support plate - a support plate having at least one mineral material; covering element - covering plate;

Die Erfindung betrifft ebenfalls einen Belag, zusammengesetzt aus mehreren mit ihren an den Seltenkanten ausgebildeten Ausnehmungen und Vorsprüngen ineinander greifenden Belagelementen.The invention also relates to a covering composed of a plurality of covering elements which engage in one another with their recesses and projections formed on the edges.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend beispielsweise anhand der schematischen Zeichnung beschrieben. In dieser zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 einen Schnitt durch ein erstes Belagelement, die eine Dekorschicht im Digitaldruckverfahren aufweist, und
  • Fig. 2 einen Querschnitt gemäß Fig. 2 eines zweiten Belagelements, die eine Mineralträgerplatte mit einer flüssig oder in fester Form aufgebrachten Mischschicht aufweist.
The invention is described below, for example, with reference to the schematic drawing. In this show:
  • 1 a section through a first covering element, which has a decorative layer in the digital printing process, and
  • 2 according to a cross section 2 a second covering element, which has a mineral substrate plate with a mixed layer applied in liquid or solid form.

Fig. 1 zeigt ein plattenförmiges Belagelement 10, das mit anderen Belagelementen 10 flächig zu einem Bodenbelag, Deckenbelag und/oder Wandbelag, auch im Außenbereich zusammengesetzt werden kann. Das Belagelement 10 enthält eine mineralstoffhaltige Trägerplatte 12, die an ihren einander abgewandten Seitenkanten 17, 19 entweder Vorsprünge 14 oder Ausnehmungen 16 aufweist, die bei nebeneinander liegenden Belagelementen ineinander passende Nut/Federverbindungen darstellen. So greifen bei nebeneinander liegenden Belagelementen 10 die Vorsprünge 14 eines Belagelements 10 in die Ausnehmung 16 des benachbarten Belagelements 10. Auf der Rückseite bzw. Unterseite der Trägerplatte 12 kann optional eine Dämmschicht 18 zur Trittschalldämmung und/oder Wärmedämmung angeordnet sein. Diese Schicht ist vorzugsweise direkt auf die Trägerplatte 12 aufgebracht oder mit dieser verklebt. 1 shows a plate-shaped covering element 10, which can be assembled with other covering elements 10 to form a floor covering, ceiling covering and/or wall covering, even outdoors. The covering element 10 contains a mineral-containing carrier plate 12, which has either projections 14 or recesses 16 on its side edges 17, 19 facing away from one another, which represent tongue and groove connections that fit into one another when the covering elements are lying next to one another. So join in adjacent covering elements 10, the projections 14 of a covering element 10 in the recess 16 of the adjacent covering element 10. On the back or underside of the support plate 12, an insulating layer 18 can optionally be arranged for footfall sound insulation and / or thermal insulation. This layer is preferably applied directly to the carrier plate 12 or glued to it.

Auf der Vorderseite bzw. Oberseite der Trägerplatte 12 befindet sich zuerst eine Grundschicht 20, die Farbpigmente aufweist, um der Vorderseite bzw. Oberseite der Trägerplatte 12 eine gewünschte Grundfarbe zu verleihen. Diese Grundschicht ist vorzugsweise optional, denn prinzipiell kann bei entsprechender Wahl des Materials der Trägerplatte 12 die Farbe der Trägerplatte als Basis für ein nachfolgendes Digitaldruckverfahren geeignet sein. Auf die Grundschicht 20 wird im Digitaldruckverfahren eine Digitaldruckschicht 22 aufgebracht, wobei diese Digitaldruckschicht 22 nicht vollflächig, sondern nur in dem zu bedruckenden Bereichen aufgebracht sein kann. Auf die Digitaldruckschicht bzw. Grundschicht 20 ist wenigstens eine Deckschicht 24 aufgebracht, die insbesondere aus einem UV-härtenden Polyurethan oder Acryl besteht. Auf diese Deckschicht 24 ist mittels einer Prägewalze, insbesondere im Hot-Coating-Verfahren, eine Struktur 26 aufgebracht, die vorzugsweise den durch die Digitaldruckschicht 22 erzeugten Eindruck verstärkt. Auf diese Weise wird eine Belagplatte erzeugt, die sehr gut einen Eindruck eines gewünschten Materials wiederspiegelt, z.B. eine Holzschicht, eine Lederschicht, einer Steinschicht oder einer Korkschicht.On the front side or upper side of the carrier plate 12 there is first a base layer 20 which has color pigments in order to give the front side or upper side of the carrier plate 12 a desired base color. This base layer is preferably optional, because in principle the color of the carrier plate can be suitable as a basis for a subsequent digital printing process if the material of the carrier plate 12 is selected accordingly. A digital printing layer 22 is applied to the base layer 20 in the digital printing process, with this digital printing layer 22 not being able to be applied over the entire surface but only in the areas to be printed. At least one cover layer 24 is applied to the digital print layer or base layer 20, which consists in particular of a UV-curing polyurethane or acrylic. A structure 26 is applied to this cover layer 24 by means of an embossing roller, in particular using the hot-coating method, which structure preferably reinforces the impression produced by the digitally printed layer 22 . In this way a covering sheet is produced which very well reflects an impression of a desired material, for example a layer of wood, a layer of leather, a layer of stone or a layer of cork.

Die Deckschicht 24 kann auch durch mehrere Lagen eines insbesondere UV- härtenden Polymers gebildet sein. Die Aufbringung der Deckschicht 24 und deren Profilierung werden vorzugsweise im Hot-Coating-Verfahren durch eine heiße Walze aufgebracht. Das Hot-Coating-Verfahren an sich ist bekannt.The cover layer 24 can also be formed by several layers of a particularly UV-curing polymer. The application of the cover layer 24 and its profiling are preferably applied in the hot-coating process using a hot roller. The hot-coating process itself is known.

Fig. 2 zeigt eine alternative Ausführungsform eines Belagelements die nicht zur Erfindung gehört, wobei identische oder funktionsgleiche Teile zu Fig. 1 mit den gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen sind. Das Bodenbelagelement 30 aus Fig. 2 hat ebenfalls eine Trägerplatte 12, die mineralstoffhaltig ist und Vorsprünge 14 und Ausnehmungen 16 an einander abgewandten Seitenkanten 17, 19 aufweist. Die Vorsprünge und Ausnehmungen dieses Nut/Feder-Systems sind nur schematisch gezeigt. 2 shows an alternative embodiment of a covering element which does not belong to the invention, with identical or functionally equivalent parts 1 are provided with the same reference symbols. The floor covering element 30 from 2 also has a carrier plate 12, which contains minerals and has projections 14 and recesses 16 on opposite side edges 17, 19. The projections and recesses of this tongue and groove system are shown only schematically.

In der Praxis werden die Vorsprünge 14 und Ausnehmungen 16 gefertigt, wie es in der EP 0843763 beschrieben ist, die hiermit zum Gegenstand dieser Anmeldung gemacht wird. In diesem Zusammenhang sei klargestellt, dass ein erfindungsgemäßes Belagelement in der Regel rechteckig, insbesondere quadratisch ist und dass die Ausnehmungen und Vorsprünge an vier Seiten ausgebildet sind, wobei an zwei nebeneinander liegenden Seiten vorzugsweise die Ausnehmungen 16 angeordnet sind und an den anderen beiden nebeneinander liegenden Seiten die Vorsprünge 14.In practice, the projections 14 and recesses 16 are made as shown in FIG EP0843763 is described, which is hereby made the subject of this application. In this context, it should be made clear that a covering element according to the invention is generally rectangular, in particular square, and that the recesses and projections are formed on four sides, with the recesses 16 preferably being arranged on two adjacent sides and on the other two adjacent sides the protrusions 14.

An ihrer Rück- oder Unterseite hat die Mineralstoffträgerplatte 12 optional eine Dammschicht 18, wie bereits aus Fig. 1 bekannt. Diese Dämmschicht ist optional und nur erforderlich, falls eine gewünschte Trittschalldämmung und/oder Wärmedämmung gewünscht ist. Zudem kann diese Dämmschicht, bei Bedarf auch als ausgleichender Gegenzug angewandt werden. An ihrer Oberseite trägt die Trägerplatte 12 eine Mischschicht 32 aus einem Polymer und einem Füllstoff. Als Füllstoff eignet sich z.B. Leder, Kork, Holz, Stein, mineralische Pulver, Sand, wobei diese Materialien entweder als Partikel oder als Fasern in der Polymermatrix der Mischschicht vorgesehen sein können. Die Mischschicht ist vorzugsweise eine Elastomerschicht, die insbesondere auf ein Elastizitätsmodul von 0,05-0,5 GPa aushärtet, wodurch sie eine gummiartige Elastizität erhalt. Auf diese Weise kann z.B. ein Kork-, Holz- oder Ledereindruck sehr gut unterstrichen werden. Ein derartiges Belagelement eignet sich sehr gut als Wandbelagelement.On its rear or underside, the mineral material support plate 12 optionally has a dam layer 18, as already shown in FIG 1 known. This insulation layer is optional and only required if desired impact sound insulation and/or thermal insulation is desired. In addition, this insulating layer can also be used as a balancing backing if required. On its upper side, the carrier plate 12 carries a mixed layer 32 made of a polymer and a filler. Leather, cork, wood, stone, mineral powder, sand, for example, are suitable as fillers, and these materials can be provided either as particles or as fibers in the polymer matrix of the mixed layer. The mixed layer is preferably an elastomeric layer, which cures in particular to a modulus of elasticity of 0.05-0.5 GPa, giving it a rubber-like elasticity. In this way, for example, a cork, wood or leather impression can be underlined very well. Such a covering element is very suitable as a wall covering element.

Die Erfindung ist nicht auf die dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele beschränkt, sondern kann innerhalb des Schutzbereichs der beiliegenden Ansprüche beliebig variiert werden.The invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiments but can be varied at will within the scope of the appended claims.

BezugszeichenlisteReference List

1010
Wand-, Decken- oder Bodenbelagelement (erste Ausführungsform)Wall, ceiling or floor covering element (first embodiment)
1212
mineralische Trägerplattemineral backing plate
1414
Vorsprung - Feder der Nut/FederverbindungProtrusion - spring of the tongue and groove connection
1616
Ausnehmung - Nut der Nut/FederverbindungRecess - groove of the tongue and groove connection
1717
erste Seitenkantefirst side edge
1818
Dämmschichtinsulation layer
1919
zweite Seitenkantesecond side edge
2020
Grundschicht - Primer - HaftvermittlerBase coat - primer - adhesion promoter
2222
Digitaldruckschichtdigital printing layer
2424
transparente Deckschichttransparent top layer
3030
Wand-, Decken- oder Bodenbelagelement (zweite Ausführungsform)Wall, ceiling or floor covering element (second embodiment)
3232
Mischschicht, insbesondere flüssig aufgetragenMixed layer, especially applied liquid
3434
optional strukturierte Oberfläche, insbesondere durch Prägewalzeoptionally structured surface, in particular by embossing roller

Claims (12)

  1. Covering element (10, 30) comprising a carrier plate (12) containing a mineral material and carrying on its front side a polymer-containing decorative layer (20 - 24), the covering element having complementary recesses (16) and projections (14) extending on its side edges, where the recesses (16) and projections (14) are formed respectively on side edges (17, 19) facing away from one another, so that they engage into one another when covering elements are adjacent, the recesses (16) and projections (14) being disposed in the carrier plate (12), wherein the decorative layer (20 - 24) comprises at least a base layer (20) comprising colour pigments, wherein the base layer (20) is applied to the carrier plate (12), and wherein the base layer (20) bears at least partially at least one digital printing layer (22) containing colour pigment, the digital printing layer bearing at least one polymer-containing transparent outer layer (24), characterized in that the carrier plate (12) consists of mineral elements in the form of flour or particles which are pressed with natural fibres.
  2. Covering element according to Claim 1, characterized in that the polymer-containing transparent outer layer has a structured surface.
  3. Covering element (10, 30) according to Claim 2, characterized in that the outer layer (24) contains PU or acrylic.
  4. Covering element (10, 30) according to either of Claims 2 and 3, characterized in that the outer layer (24) contains a UV-curing polymer.
  5. Covering element according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the carrier plate (12) is multi-layer.
  6. Covering element according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the recesses and projections are disposed only in the carrier plate (12) and not in the decorative layer (20 - 24).
  7. Covering element (10, 30) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the carrier plate (12) has a thickness of between 2 and 20 mm.
  8. Covering element (10, 30) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the carrier plate (12) has on its rear side an insulating layer (18), more particularly an elastomeric layer.
  9. Method for producing a covering element (10, 30), wherein a carrier plate (12) containing a mineral material is coated with a decorative layer (20 - 24), where, before or after the application of the decorative layer (20 - 24; 32), recesses (16) and projections (14) for a tongue-and-groove connection are generated by milling on side edges (17, 19) of the carrier plate (12) that face away from one another, and wherein the carrier plate (12) is coated with at least one base layer (20) which comprises a polymer material containing colour pigment, and at least one digital printing layer (24) containing colour pigment is applied at least partially to the base layer after drying, in a digital printing process, and at least one polymer-containing transparent outer layer (24) is applied at a temperature increased relative to room temperature to the digital printing layer after drying and/or curing, which outer layer still at elevated temperature a surface structure (26) is applied by embossing with at least one structured embossing roll, characterized in that the carrier plate (12) consists of mineral elements in the form of flour or particles which are pressed with natural fibres.
  10. Method according to Claim 9, characterized in that the outer layer (24) is applied at a temperature of 40 to 100 degrees Celsius, and the treatment of its surface (26) with a structuring roll takes place at a temperature of 40 to 100 degrees Celsius.
  11. Method according to Claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the outer layer (24) contains PU or acrylic.
  12. Method according to any of Claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the outer layer (24) contains a UV-curing polymer and the outer layer is deformed on its surface (26) after application by a structuring roll.
EP16161925.9A 2016-03-23 2016-03-23 Wall or floor covering element Active EP3222795B1 (en)

Priority Applications (15)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES16161925T ES2927610T3 (en) 2016-03-23 2016-03-23 Wall or floor covering element
PL16161925.9T PL3222795T3 (en) 2016-03-23 2016-03-23 Wall or floor covering element
EP16161925.9A EP3222795B1 (en) 2016-03-23 2016-03-23 Wall or floor covering element
BR112018068733-2A BR112018068733B1 (en) 2016-03-23 2017-03-22 COVERING ELEMENT FOR WALL OR FLOOR AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING A COVERING ELEMENT
CA3016294A CA3016294A1 (en) 2016-03-23 2017-03-22 Wall or floor covering element
RU2018137041A RU2738436C2 (en) 2016-03-23 2017-03-22 Wall or floor lining element
RU2020140215A RU2763569C2 (en) 2016-03-23 2017-03-22 Wall or floor facing element
EP24157930.9A EP4344899A2 (en) 2016-03-23 2017-03-22 Wall or floor covering element
PCT/IB2017/051651 WO2017163193A1 (en) 2016-03-23 2017-03-22 Wall covering element or floor covering element
EP17712851.9A EP3433447A1 (en) 2016-03-23 2017-03-22 Wall covering element or floor covering element
CN201780018968.9A CN108779646A (en) 2016-03-23 2017-03-22 Wall-or floor clad can element
US16/137,169 US10883276B2 (en) 2016-03-23 2018-09-20 Wall or floor covering element
US17/136,875 US11454035B2 (en) 2016-03-23 2020-12-29 Wall or floor covering element
US17/893,517 US11781321B2 (en) 2016-03-23 2022-08-23 Wall or floor covering element
US18/241,446 US20230407645A1 (en) 2016-03-23 2023-09-01 Wall or floor covering element

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PL3222795T3 (en) 2023-01-02
RU2020140215A3 (en) 2021-11-08
US20190085566A1 (en) 2019-03-21
WO2017163193A1 (en) 2017-09-28
US20230407645A1 (en) 2023-12-21
US11781321B2 (en) 2023-10-10
US11454035B2 (en) 2022-09-27
CN108779646A (en) 2018-11-09
BR112018068733A2 (en) 2019-01-22
EP3433447A1 (en) 2019-01-30
EP4344899A2 (en) 2024-04-03
US20210115674A1 (en) 2021-04-22
RU2738436C2 (en) 2020-12-14
EP3222795A1 (en) 2017-09-27
ES2927610T3 (en) 2022-11-08
US10883276B2 (en) 2021-01-05
CA3016294A1 (en) 2017-09-28
RU2018137041A3 (en) 2020-05-25
RU2018137041A (en) 2020-04-23
US20220403665A1 (en) 2022-12-22
RU2763569C2 (en) 2021-12-30
RU2020140215A (en) 2021-01-25

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