EP3222575A1 - Device and menthod for elevator shaft ventilation and purging - Google Patents

Abstract

A system and a method are disclosed for ventilating and / or de-airing an elevator shaft (2), which is connected to separate vertical fire walls of a building and is located in different elevator levels, with elevator car (3) movable vertically through vertical shaft walls. In this case, fans are provided (9, 10), of which at least two sides of the elevator shaft are each arranged at least two at different vertical positions. The elevator shaft is connected to an outside area outside the building by means of a supply air duct (7) which can be closed by a first closure element (8). Furthermore, a closable exhaust air and smoke extraction duct (5) is provided, which connects the elevator shaft (2) with the outside area. A need for a ventilation of the elevator car (3) and / or the elevator shaft (2) and / or a need for smoke extraction of the elevator shaft (2) and / or air exchange in the elevator shaft (2) is detected by at least one sensor. If a need for a ventilation of the elevator car (3) and / or the elevator shaft (2) is detected, the fans (9, 10) are operated in such a way that fans (10) arranged on a first of the two sides of the elevator shaft (2) ) Promote air in the elevator shaft (2) in an upward conveying direction, on a second of the two sides of the elevator shaft (2) arranged fan (9) promote air in the elevator shaft (2) in a downward conveying direction. If, however, the need for smoke extraction of the elevator shaft (2) and / or an air exchange of the air in the elevator shaft (2) is established, the exhaust air and smoke extraction duct (5) is opened, and the fans (9, 10) are operated in a manner in that all fans (9, 10) convey air in the elevator shaft (2) in a direction of conveyance in the same direction in the direction of a vertical or horizontal position in which the exhaust air and smoke extraction duct (5) opens into the elevator shaft (2).

Description

The present invention relates to a system and also to a method for ventilating and / or de-smoking a lift shaft, in particular with elevator shafts, which are located in different elevator levels and are separate fire compartments of a building, which is bounded by vertical shaft walls.

Lift shafts and elevator cabins must be ventilated and kept free from smoke in case of fire. If the detection of smoke and the subsequent need for smoke extraction in the elevator shaft trivial, the detection of ventilation needs of the elevator shaft or the elevator car depends on the latest knowledge of many parameters.

If the smoke evacuation in a property is only to be resorted to in rare cases of damage, ventilation of the elevator shaft generally depends on the use of the elevator system and the property, depending on air quality, air temperature and elevator status, several times over the course of a day. The best known emergency situation exists in the case of an elevator failure involving persons. According to the current state of the art, it is assumed that both the smoke extraction and the ventilation of the elevator shaft can take place in a natural way. Therefore elevator shafts generally have an opening over which both a ventilation of the Shaft and thus the elevator car, as well as in case of fire, a smoke extraction of the shaft by natural ventilation, ie purely passive and without active ventilation, should be guaranteed. This opening is generally located in the elevator shaft head or, if present, in an elevator machinery room above it and leads directly outside the building envelope. Such solutions are disclosed, for example, in US Pat EP 1 890 956 B1 (with purely passive operated, natural ventilation system) or in the DE 20 2006 012 724 U1 (there with a fan used for the removal of smoke outside the building in an otherwise purely passive operated exhaust vent).

The derivation of CO ₂ , naturally occurring, volatile organic compounds (so-called "VOC") or air contaminated with smoke can only be guaranteed if at the same time a corresponding supply of uncontaminated fresh air is available, is subject to the laws of physics ,

In particular elevator systems in commercial real estate usually drive to different elevator levels, which are located in different fire sections. In such homes, the room air in front of the elevator shaft doors, for example, for safety reasons, may not be used to supply fresh air not contaminated into the elevator shaft. Also, air from the lower floors of a property can rarely be used for ventilation of the elevator shaft, as this generally stronger by carbon monoxide (CO), for example, from below the residential or commercial space located in the building underground car park or from an in a basement area of the building provided heating, or by other gases, such as radon and carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ), which are heavier than air, contaminated.

In many properties, especially in energy-efficient existing real estate as well as new low-energy real estate, there is a hitherto little known problem with the natural, ie without active air conveyor operated, ventilation and smoke extraction elevator shafts.

In the implementation of the EU Directive on energy end-use efficiency and energy services, the application of national regulations such as: the German Energy Saving Ordinance (EnEV), known to always more airtight building envelopes. This leads at the same time to the fact that the construction of a natural ventilation or smoke extraction in the elevator shaft due to lack of Nachströmung of non-contaminated air, even with permanently open in the shaft head ventilation duct, is increasingly questioned.

Although the fact of this lack of thermal is scientifically and by real-time tests occupied, in addition, the risk of cable fire (smoldering fire) with cold smoke development in the elevator shaft is well known, the complexity of the various legal framework, which clenched in the "very special workspace elevator shaft or elevator car" encounter, the development of a legally compliant and operationally safe ventilation system so far prevented.

In particular, in real estate in which the elevator installation anfährt several subdivided into different fire sections elevator levels may, as already mentioned, the room air in front of the elevator shaft doors for safety reasons not be used for ventilation of the elevator shaft. In the case of such real estate, the present invention assumes that, if air is supplied to the elevator shaft, an independent supply air source must serve for this purpose, or an exhaust air duct must be present in the elevator shaft. However, even in the case of an existing Nachströmlüftungskanal over which the elevator shaft, eg in the pit area, fresh air could be supplied from outside the property, the elevator shaft ventilation can not be guaranteed with natural ventilation. Depending on the seasons, the fresh air supplied to outside temperature will be colder than the air inside the property, which consequently calls into question the build-up of thermal buoyancy of the air in the elevator shaft. Moreover, from the point of view of the energy planner of a property it is absolutely unacceptable, the mechanical ventilation concept of a thermally insulated low-energy or even passive property through a direct supply of To bypass cold or too warm fresh air from the outside into the elevator shaft.

As elevator shafts, as already mentioned, often have to be ventilated beyond the day, a cooling of the property or an undesirable heat input into the same via the elevator shaft would be inevitable in such a practice and would at worst result in a collapse of the energy concept of the property. Only in case of fire, even with such energy concepts, all means, ie also the supply of external fresh air into the property, regardless of the temperature of this fresh air right to ensure the most efficient smoke extraction of the elevator shaft.

It is considered that e.g. In the case of a cable fire in the elevator shaft (a smoldering fire), for example, often cold smoke is produced, which experiences only a short distance low buoyancy, then jams in the shaft and distributed only very slowly from plane to plane in the direction of the shaft head. In this situation, even with existing open Nachströmkanal of fresh air in the pit area can not come to a natural smoke dissipation.

Lift shaft ventilation and smoke extraction systems, which control the natural ventilation and smoke extraction of the elevator shaft via a window or a flap in the shaft head or in the engine room, are known from the prior art. Although such a system could be used in the elevator shaft of the property described, it can not contribute to the safe operation of the elevator system due to the described lack of thermal in the elevator shaft, or not ensure the safety of the elevator users.

On the one hand, well-known conventional ventilation concepts and systems that would ventilate the elevator shaft via a connection to the ventilation system of the property, for example, can not be used, since the applicable regulations, in particular the Recommendation for Use NBL REC 02/027, the mechanical ventilation of the Lift shaft only via a stand-alone, Only for the elevator shaft designed ventilation system allows. If this were not the case, the elevator would have to be taken out of service for safety reasons during a fault or maintenance of the ventilation system of the property.

On the other hand, the use of a direct Zuluftkanals in the pit area over which the Nachströmung fresh air from outside the property could also not lead to the desired result, since the said supply air would have outdoor temperature and therefore for physical reasons in case of emergency may not have a chimney effect (only warmer air rising) would build, which could serve for the ventilation of shaft and cabin.

Against this background, it is an object of the present invention to provide a system and also a method for ventilating and / or de-smoking a hoistway, even with lying in different elevator levels, separate fire sections of a building in connection elevator shaft safe and reliable ventilation of the elevator car in the elevator shaft, or the elevator shaft itself and also a safe smoke extraction of the elevator shaft allowed.

This object is achieved by a system for ventilating and / or de-smoking a, in particular with located in different elevator levels, separate fire sections of a building in connection, limited by vertical shaft walls elevator shaft with vertically movable elevator car with the features of claim 1. Advantageous developments of Such systems are indicated in claims 2 to 9. A method according to the invention is described in claims 10 and 11.

• Lüfter, die auf einander gegenüberliegenden Seiten des Aufzugsschachts angeordnet sind, wobei auf jeder der Seiten wenigstens zwei an unterschiedlichen vertikalen Positionen angeordnete Lüfter vorgesehen und wenigstens die auf einer der Seiten angeordneten Lüfter mit umkehrbarer Luftförderrichtung betreibbar sind;
• einen Zuluftkanal, der den Aufzugsschacht mit einem außerhalb des Gebäudes liegenden Außenbereich verbindendet und ein erstes motorisch verstellbares Verschlusselement aufweist, mit dem er verschließbar ist;
• einen Abluft- und Entrauchungskanal, der den Aufzugsschacht mit dem Außenbereich verbindendet und ein zweites motorisch verstellbares Verschlusselement aufweist, mit dem er verschließbar ist;
• eine Steuerung, die mit den Lüftern und mit Antriebsmotoren für das motorische Verstellen jeweils des ersten und des zweiten Verschlusselements verbunden ist, wobei die Steuerung zum Steuern des Antriebs der Lüfter und für die mit umkehrbarer Luftförderrichtung betreibbaren Lüfter auch zum Steuern von deren Luftförderrichtung und zudem zum Steuern der Antriebsmotoren der Verschlusselemente eingerichtet ist, und
• wenigstens einen mit der Steuerung verbundenen Sensor, wobei die Verbindung zwischen dem wenigstens einen Sensor und der Steuerung dazu eingerichtet ist, der Steuerung Sensorsignale über die Notwendigkeit einer Lüftung der Aufzugskabine und/oder des Aufzugsschachtes und/oder die Notwendigkeit einer Entrauchung des Aufzugsschachts und/oder eines Luftwechsels der Luft im Aufzugsschacht zur Verfügung zu stellen.

According to the invention, a system which achieves the above-mentioned object comprises the following components:

• Fans, which are arranged on opposite sides of the elevator shaft, wherein provided on each of the sides at least two arranged at different vertical positions fan and at least the fans arranged on one of the sides are operable with reversible air conveying direction;
• a supply air duct, which connects the elevator shaft with an outside area outside the building and has a first motor-adjustable closure element, with which it can be closed;
• an exhaust air and smoke extraction duct, which connects the elevator shaft with the outside area and has a second motor-adjustable closure element, with which it can be closed;
• a controller, which is connected to the fans and with drive motors for the motorized adjustment of each of the first and second closure element, wherein the controller for controlling the drive of the fan and for the reversible air conveying direction operable fan also for controlling the air conveying direction and also to Controlling the drive motors of the closure elements is set up, and
• at least one sensor connected to the controller, wherein the connection between the at least one sensor and the controller is adapted to provide the controller with sensor signals about the need for ventilation of the elevator car and / or elevator shaft and / or the need for smoke removal of the elevator shaft and / or an air exchange of air in the elevator shaft to provide.

The fans arranged on opposite sides in the elevator shaft can be arranged in particular in the elevator shaft in the area of the shaft walls on opposite sides. But they can also be arranged on opposite positions on two cabin walls of the elevator car. A hybrid form is also conceivable in which fans are arranged both on the cabin walls and in the area of the shaft walls, in which case one side of the elevator shaft has a zone of the shaft walls as well as a region of the cabin walls located there combined number of fans is arranged, on the opposite side of a fan group is formed by arranged there in the region of the shaft walls and the cabin walls fan.

According to the invention, the control is set up to control the fans in such a way when a need for ventilation of the elevator car and / or the elevator shaft is known that fans arranged on a first of the two sides convey air in the elevator shaft in an upward conveying direction ( this can then be done, for example, by the above-mentioned first fan group), on a second of the two sides in the elevator shaft arranged fan (eg also by the example second fan group) promote air in the elevator shaft in a downward conveying direction, and the controller continues to do so is arranged, upon detecting a need for a smoke removal of the hoistway to control the drive motor for the second closure element in such a way that it opens the exhaust and smoke extraction duct, and to control the fans in a manner to operate that all airs arranged in the elevator shaft Air in the elevator shaft in an equally directed conveying direction in the direction of a vertical or horizontal position in which the exhaust air and smoke extraction channel opens into the elevator shaft, promote.

Thus, if, for example, air quality sensors arranged in the elevator car and / or the lift shaft and capable of determining a temperature, a CO ₂ content and / or a humidity of the cabin and / or shaft air, will exceed one of the values beyond a limit value and recognizes a need to ventilate the elevator car and / or the hoistway, or if, due to a present elevator disturbance with persons trapped in the car, the ventilation of the elevator car is deemed necessary by means of the on opposite sides of the elevator shaft in different Arranged elevation positions fan, which are operated with the two sides with opposite direction, an air circulation in the elevator shaft, through which an exchange of cabin air is achieved in the elevator car, since the latter - already determined by applicable regulations - on Lüftungsöffnu stands in an air flow existing in the elevator shaft with the latter in air exchange connection.

As a rule, the fresh air volume in the elevator shaft is sufficient in order to supply the elevator car with fresh air for a sufficiently long service life from this reservoir. In particular, it should be emphasized that if the air quality or the humidity of the air present in the elevator shaft below (quality) or above (humidity) reaches a predetermined limit or even reaches a critical level, this can be recognized as a need for air exchange of the air in the elevator shaft and the controller therefore according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the supply air duct open by moving the closure element associated therewith and can flow fresh air. Conveniently, then the exhaust air and smoke extraction duct is opened to dissipate excess air over it. The fans can be operated in opposite directions in particular in the manner described above, in order to maintain the air circulation in this case upright and to distribute distributed fresh air accordingly, to push air to be discharged from the exhaust air and smoke extraction duct.

Now, if smoke is detected in the elevator shaft or a fire is detected, which can assume the development of smoke, the fans are all operated in a conveying direction, ie run the fans of either side compared to the case of pure ventilation in the opposite direction to so to push the air with the smoke in one direction and in the direction of the then opened exhaust and smoke extraction duct to derive the smoke there from the elevator shaft. In this case, in particular, the supply air duct can be opened in order to track over this fresh and smoke-free air into the elevator shaft, there to provide fresh air, at least for a dilution of the smoke.

By "opposite sides" on which the fans are arranged according to the invention, for example attachment positions on two opposite vertical shaft walls or on two opposite cabin walls are meant here. However, it is also possible for positions on two adjoining shaft walls or cabin walls to be "opposite one another", for example along a diagonal of a shaft cross-section opposite each other. It is important here that the opposing positions are spaced apart over a wide distance of the cross section of the elevator shaft, so that on different sides of the elevator car, a corresponding air flow (in particular for the aeration and an outflow) is generated, thereby the desired To achieve flow conditions (circulation or air delivery to the exhaust air and smoke extraction duct).

As sensors or sensors arranged at different locations sensors can be used. This can e.g. Air quality sensors for monitoring the air quality in the elevator car and / or in the elevator shaft be smoke detectors or temperature sensors in the elevator car and / or in the elevator shaft. However, it is also possible to use sensors which detect a movement of the elevator car or the presence of persons in the cabin and / or in the elevator shaft. Also switches or buttons for a manual triggering of ventilation and / or smoke extraction can be considered as sensors in the context of this invention.

Depending on the dimensions, in particular height, of the elevator shaft per side more than two fans, per side a plurality of fans (ie three or more fans) may be arranged, this - in particular evenly distributed over the height of the elevator shaft, or over the height of the elevator car in order to achieve the air flows to be achieved (circulation in the ventilation mode, directional discharge in the smoke extraction mode). The fans on the opposite sides can, but not necessarily, be arranged in pairs with at least one fan per side at the same height.

In general, the supply air is brought from a lower position in the elevator shaft, the exhaust air or the smoke are discharged at an upper position of the elevator shaft. Therefore, in particular the exhaust air and smoke extraction duct can open vertically above the supply air duct in the elevator shaft. In particular, the exhaust air and smoke extraction duct in a shaft head of the Elevator shaft or arranged in a above the shaft head, open with the elevator shaft in a jointly ventilated nacelle house. The supply air duct may open into the elevator shaft in a shaft pit of the elevator shaft or in the area of a lowest elevator layer.

The first and / or the second closure element may in particular be formed by a lamella closure. Such can be opened and closed with a large opening cross-section, while still saving space.

In addition to the system, we also disclose here a method for ventilating and / or de-steaming an elevator shaft by correspondingly controlled operation of the fans and opening and closing of the closure elements and thus of the supply air and exhaust air and smoke extraction ducts, respectively, by activating the drive motors.

Fig. 1

eine schematische Darstellung eines Gebäudeabschnittes mit einem Aufzugsschacht mit darin angeordneter Aufzugskabine mit einem erfindungsgemäß gestalteten System zum Belüften und/oder Entrauchen des Aufzugsschachts im Lüftungsbetrieb;

Fig. 2

eine der Fig. 1 vergleichbare schematische Darstellung eines Gebäudeabschnitts mit einem Aufzugsschacht und darin angeordnete Aufzugskabine mit einem erfindungsgemäß gestalteten System zum Belüften und/oder Entrauchen des Aufzugsschachts in einer alternativen Ausgestaltungsvariante im Lüftungsbetrieb

Fig. 3

die Darstellung des Gebäudeabschnitts aus Fig. 1 mit dem dort gezeigten, erfindungsgemäß gestalteten System im Luftaustauschbetrieb; und

Fig. 4

die Darstellung des Gebäudeabschnitts aus Fig. 1 mit dem dort gezeigten, erfindungsgemäß gestalteten System im Entrauchungsbetrieb.

Further advantages and possible advantageous features and embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the following description of a possible embodiment of the invention with reference to the accompanying figures. Showing:

Fig. 1

a schematic representation of a building section with an elevator shaft with elevator car arranged therein with an inventively designed system for venting and / or Entrauchen the elevator shaft in the ventilation mode;

Fig. 2

one of the Fig. 1 Comparable schematic representation of a building section with an elevator shaft and elevator car arranged therein with an inventively designed system for ventilating and / or de-smoking the elevator shaft in an alternative embodiment variant in ventilation mode

Fig. 3

the representation of the building section Fig. 1 with the system shown there according to the invention designed in the air exchange operation; and

Fig. 4

the representation of the building section Fig. 1 with the system shown there according to the invention designed in the smoke extraction operation.

In the figures, possible embodiments for a system according to the invention for ventilation and / or smoke extraction of a lift shaft are shown in purely schematic representations, wherein in the figures different operating states, namely a ventilation operation (FIG. FIGS. 1 and 2 ), an air exchange operation ( Fig. 3 ) and a smoke extraction plant ( FIG. 4 ) are shown.

The figures each show a building section 1 with an elevator shaft 2 and an elevator car 3 which can be moved vertically in the latter. The elevator shaft 2 connects a plurality of elevator levels 4 located in different fire sections of the building, which can be approached by the elevator car 3. In the area of a shaft head of the elevator shaft 2 opens a vertically or horizontally mounted exhaust air and smoke extraction duct 5, which connects the elevator shaft 2 to the outside, with the ambient air located outside the building. The exhaust air and smoke extraction duct 5 is equipped with a closure element 6, by means of which it can be closed, which in an open position releases the connection of the elevator shaft 2 to the outside, outside the building.

In addition, in a region of a shaft pit of the elevator shaft 2, a supply air duct 7 is provided for supplying fresh air not contaminated from outside the building, which is likewise provided with a closure element 8 and can be closed by this. One or both of the closure elements 6 and 8 may be lamella flaps.

In the in the FIGS. 1 . 3 and 4 Variants shown are arranged on two opposite sides of the elevator shaft 2 on the respective shaft wall fan 9, 10 in different vertical height positions. In this case, the fans 9 arranged on a first side and the fans 10 arranged on a second side opposite the first side are in each case arranged in pairs at the same height. Overall, three fans 9 are provided on the first side and three fans 10 on the second side in this example, a respective fan 9, 10 in the region of the shaft head, a fan 9, 10 in the region of a lowermost elevator stage and a fan 9, 10 in an intermediate middle section. However, the number of fans can be chosen freely, depends in particular on the dimensions, ie the height, but also the width and depth of the elevator shaft 2. The fans 9, 10 are thus - corresponding to the required number - over the entire shaft length mounted on two different shaft walls.

In the in FIG. 2 sketched variant, in addition to the fans 9, 10 shown there, which are arranged on two opposite sides of the respective shaft wall, further fans 13, 14 defined on opposite sides of the elevator car 3, here two vertically superposed fan 13, 14, which are in this example opposite each other positioned at the same height on the cabin outer wall.

These further fans 13, 14 are in each case arranged with the airs 9, 10 arranged on the same side to a first fan group (with the fans 9, 13) on the first side and a second fan group (with the fans 10, 14) on the second Page summarized.

It should be emphasized here that in the context of the invention, a variant can be selected in which only the fans 13, 14 on the elevator car, but not the fans 9, 10 are present on the shaft wall.

FIG. 2 also shows a further fan 15, which can be an air exchange opening of the elevator car 3, for example, in the cabin ceiling, arranged and operated to promote air exchange between the interior of the elevator car 3 and the elevator shaft 2.

The shutter members 6, 8 are motor-driven for opening and closing, and the associated drive motors (not shown), as well as the fans 9, 10, 13, 14, are connected to a controller (not shown). Furthermore, sensors (not shown) are provided, the various parameters, in particular the air quality of the air and / or the air temperature in the elevator car 3, the air quality of the air and / or the air temperature and / or the humidity in the elevator shaft 2 and smoke in the elevator shaft 2 can monitor. These sensors are also connected to the controller.

According to the invention, the ventilation, the air exchange or the smoke removal of the elevator shaft 2 are initiated and operated by the controller via various processes:

Ventilation:

The procedure for the ventilation is in Fig. 1 and also in Fig. 2 shown. If ventilation of the elevator car 3 is recognized as necessary, for example in the event of an elevator disturbance with persons trapped in the elevator car 3, it can be assumed that the elevator car 3 is naturally ventilated by air flowing past the car and shaft walls. About the in the floor and roof area of the elevator car 3 compulsory openings arises in the presence of air flow outside the elevator car 3, a sufficient permanent air exchange. This can be done by a like in Fig. 2 shown fan 15, which also in a design variant according to Fig. 1 may be present, additionally transported.

In order to produce the air flow required for this air exchange, which causes the ventilation of the elevator car 3 in the manner described above, move in the ventilation mode, the mounted on opposite sides fan 9, 10, 13, 14, the air in the elevator shaft 2 in the opposite direction in that the fans 9, or the fans 9, 13 of the first fan group (possibly also only the fans 13) convey the air in the elevator shaft 2 in a downwardly directed flow direction and the fans 10, or the fans 10, 14 of the second Fan group (possibly only the fan 14) promote the air in the elevator shaft 2 upwards. Thus, the fans 9, 10, 13, 14 together build a, in the figures 1 and 2 indicated by the arrows, circulating in a circle circulation of air in the elevator shaft 2, which then also provides for a Luftaustauch in the elevator car 3. About the circulating air so also the elevator car 3 ventilated, wherein the enriched from the elevator car 3 with CO ₂ outflowing air is mixed by circulation with the air in the elevator shaft 2. The number of fans 9, 10, 13, 14, the distance between them, as well as the volume flow settings are made in dependence on the dimensions of the elevator shaft 2 in order to obtain sufficient air circulation with the design thus obtained.

For energetic reasons, as long as an opening of the closure elements 6 and 8 is dispensed with during this ventilation phase and the exhaust air and smoke extraction duct 5 and the supply air duct 7 are kept closed until after starting the fan 9 and 10, and also or alternatively 13 and 14 air quality sensors mounted in the elevator shaft 2 or on the outside of the elevator car 3, a limit value of the hoistway shaft air is indicated in the controller as an inadmissible air quality. Only from this moment open the closure elements 6 and 8 and contribute by removing used or even contaminated air through the exhaust and smoke extraction duct 5 and supply of fresh air through the supply air duct 7 to an air quality improvement in the elevator shaft 2 and thus in the elevator car 3 at.

Thus, even if, for example, the elevator car 3 with people trapped inside it has stopped due to an elevator failure, without the persons being able to leave this car through an elevator door, the elevator car 3 can be ventilated with supply air of adequate air quality for a long time for the safety of the elevator users to ensure the well-being of the persons included until their release. If the volume of air in the elevator car 3 is already consumed after a very short time, then the volume of the elevator shaft 2, intelligently used for cabin ventilation, provides a generally sufficiently large air reserve for the prolonged ventilation of the elevator car 3 to the liberation of trapped persons. If the air in the elevator shaft 2 is insufficient, as described above, air exchange with the external environment is initiated by opening the shutter members 6, 8.

Air exchange / smoke extraction:

The procedure for air exchange is in Fig. 3 , the one for smoke extraction is in Fig. 4 shown. If, for example, by a smoke detector, for example caused by a fire 11 smoke 12 is reported in the elevator shaft 2, it is by no means customary that this smoke message is forwarded to the elevator control and this leads to an immediate Evakuierungsfahrt on a smoke-free evacuation. Smoke 12 can already be located on the lower levels in the elevator shaft 2 without passengers being able to ascend the smoke 12 on the uppermost levels of the elevator car 3. Among other things, therefore, it is of utmost importance to initiate an immediate smoke extraction of the elevator shaft 2 in the presence of smoke 12 in the elevator shaft 2. In particular, in modern, energy-optimized buildings, it can not be ensured that this smoke extraction can be based on natural ventilation thermics, or smoke extraction can only take place if care is taken to ensure that there is sufficient supply air that is not contaminated.

When detected with a corresponding sensor no longer tolerable air quality in the elevator shaft 2, which makes an exchange of air required, or detected with appropriate sensors smoke 12 in the elevator shaft 2 are - driven by the controller - all fans 9, 10 operated to in the elevator shaft 2 to drive the air upwards in the direction of the exhaust air and smoke extraction duct 5 which opens out in the shaft head, as represented by the upward-pointing arrows in these situations Figures 3 and 4 is illustrated. At the same time, the closure elements 6 and 8 open so that the air exchange, which is vital in extreme situations, takes place via the exhaust air and smoke extraction duct 5 and the supply air duct 7 and, in the case of smoke extraction (FIG. Fig. 4 ) - smoke can be dissipated. In the same way, in an embodiment according to Fig. 2 procedure, where then all the fans 9, 10, 13, 14 in the same direction promote air upward.

Can be seen, depending on the operating mode, the fan 9 (or alternatively or the fan 13) operated with opposite flow directions, ie are reversible in the conveying direction and with regard to the adjustment of the conveying direction controlled by the controller.

The air quality of the supply air, which flows with open closure element 8 via the supply air duct 7 in the elevator shaft 2, can be - tested both in the smoke extraction and in the ventilation or in the air exchange operation via a corresponding sensor. If the air quality of this supply air does not correspond to the limit values left in the control, it may then be at the controller's discretion to move the closure element 8 into the closed position and to close the supply air duct 7 in order to prevent contaminated air from entering the elevator shaft 2 ,

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

building section

2

elevator shaft

3

car

4

stairwell

5

Exhaust air and smoke extraction duct

6

closure element

7

supply air duct

8th

closure element

9

Fan

10

Fan

11

fire

12

smoke

13

Fan

14

Fan

15

Fan

Claims (11)

System for ventilating and / or de-smoking an elevator shaft (2), in particular with elevator sections of a building connected in different elevation levels and bounded by vertical shaft walls, with elevator car (3) movable vertically therein - On opposite sides of the elevator shaft (2) arranged fans (9, 10, 13, 14), wherein on each of the sides at least two at different vertical positions arranged fan (9, 10, 13, 14) and at least provided on a the sides arranged fan (9, 13) are operable with reversible air conveying direction, - A supply air duct (7) which closes the elevator shaft (2) with an outside area lying outside the building and closes with a first motor-adjustable closing element (8), - an exhaust air and smoke extraction duct (5) which connects the elevator shaft (2) to the outside area and can be closed with a second motor-adjustable closing element (6), a controller connected to the fans (9, 10, 13, 14) and to drive motors for the motorized adjustment of the first (8) and second (6) shutter members, the controller for controlling the drive of the fans (9 , 10, 13, 14) and for the reversible air conveying direction operable fan (9, 13) and the air conveying direction and also for controlling the drive motors of the closure elements (6, 8) is arranged, and at least one sensor connected to the controller, wherein the connection between the at least one sensor and the controller is arranged to provide the controller with sensor signals concerning the need for ventilation of the elevator car (3) and / or the hoistway (2) and / or necessity a smoke extraction of the elevator shaft (2) and / or an air exchange of the air in the elevator shaft (2) to provide wherein the controller is adapted, upon detecting a need for ventilation of the elevator car (3) and / or the elevator shaft (2), to control the fans (9, 10, 13, 14) in a manner operable on a first one of the Fans (10, 13) arranged in both sides of the elevator shaft (2) convey air in the elevator shaft (2) in an upward conveying direction, and fans (9, 14) arranged in a second shaft of the elevator shaft (2) convey air in the elevator shaft (2) convey in a downward conveying direction, and
wherein the controller is adapted to control the drive motor for the second closure element (6) in recognizing a need for a smoke extraction of the elevator shaft (2) and / or an air exchange of the air in the elevator shaft (2) in such a way that this the exhaust air and opening smoke extraction duct (5), and to control the fans (9, 10, 13, 14) to operate in such a manner that all these fans (9, 10, 13, 14) move air in the elevator shaft (2) in a rectilinear direction Conveying direction in the direction of a vertical or horizontal position in which the exhaust air and smoke extraction duct (5) opens into the elevator shaft (2), promote. System according to claim 1, characterized in that arranged on opposite sides of the elevator shaft fan (9, 10) in the elevator shaft (2) are arranged in the region of the shaft walls. System according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that arranged on opposite sides of the elevator shaft fan (13, 14) are arranged at opposite positions on two cabin walls of the elevator car (3). System according to one of the preceding claims 1, characterized in that the at least one sensor is adapted to detect when air exchange of the air in the elevator shaft (2) is necessary to supply fresh air, and that the controller is set up for the case in that it receives sensor signals which are a necessity of such Show air change, the drive motor of the first closure element (8) to open the supply air duct (7) to control. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a plurality of fans (9, 13) on the first and a plurality of fans (10, 14) on the second side, which are distributed along the height of the elevator shaft (2). System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the exhaust air and smoke extraction duct (5) opens vertically above the supply air duct (7) in the elevator shaft (2). System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the exhaust air and smoke extraction duct (5) in a shaft head of the elevator shaft (2) or arranged in one above the shaft head, with the elevator shaft (2) opens in a jointly ventilated engine room. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supply air duct (7) opens into a shaft pit of the elevator shaft (2) or in the region of a lowermost elevator stage into the elevator shaft (2). System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first (8) and / or the second closure element (6) is formed by a lamella closure. A method for ventilating and / or de-smoking a, in particular with located in different elevator levels, separate fire sections of a building, limited by vertical shaft walls elevator shaft (2) with vertically movable elevator car (3) wherein be monitored by means of at least one sensor parameters and data to these parameters are detected, which are suitable, therefrom defaults on the need for ventilation of the elevator car and / or the elevator shaft and / or the need for smoke extraction of the elevator shaft and / or an air exchange of the air in the elevator shaft, - it is concluded from the data acquired by the at least one sensor of a need for ventilation of the elevator car and / or the elevator shaft and / or a need for smoke extraction of the elevator shaft and / or air exchange in the elevator shaft, wherein, when a need for ventilation of the elevator car and / or elevator shaft is detected, fans arranged on opposite sides of the elevator shaft such that at least two fans arranged at different vertical positions are provided on each of the sides are operated in a manner in that fans arranged on a first of the two sides of the elevator shaft convey air in the elevator shaft in an upwardly directed conveying direction, fans arranged on a second one of the two sides of the elevator shaft convey air in the elevator shaft in a downwardly directed conveying direction, - If, when the need for a smoke extraction of the elevator shaft and / or an air exchange of the air in the elevator shaft is detected, a the elevator shaft with an outside of the building lying outside area connecting exhaust air and smoke extraction is opened and the fans are operated in a way that all fans air in the elevator shaft in a same direction conveying direction in the direction of a vertical or horizontal position in which the exhaust air and smoke extraction channel opens into the elevator shaft, promote. A method according to claim 10, characterized in that it is determined that an air change of the air in the elevator shaft to supply the same is necessary with fresh air, a supply shaft connecting the elevator shaft with the outside area is opened.

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