EP3212856B1 - Method to produce a composite heat insulation system - Google Patents
Method to produce a composite heat insulation system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3212856B1 EP3212856B1 EP15794486.9A EP15794486A EP3212856B1 EP 3212856 B1 EP3212856 B1 EP 3212856B1 EP 15794486 A EP15794486 A EP 15794486A EP 3212856 B1 EP3212856 B1 EP 3212856B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- insulation
- filling material
- facade
- profiling
- panels
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Not-in-force
Links
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 title claims description 105
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims description 17
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000582 polyisocyanurate Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011495 polyisocyanurate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004794 expanded polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003987 resole Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 2
- 240000005702 Galium aparine Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010037660 Pyrexia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011491 glass wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002984 plastic foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/762—Exterior insulation of exterior walls
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
- E04B1/80—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for creating a thermal insulation composite system.
- Thermal insulation composite systems are usually built up from an insulation layer attached to the facade or wall to be insulated with adhesives and / or mechanical fastening elements, in particular plate anchors, which is created from abutting insulation panels laid in the surface and which is on the outside with a plaster with embedded reinforcement fabric and a top or finishing plaster is completed, if necessary, they have a paint on the outside as a further layer.
- EPS expanded polystyrene
- mineral wool insulation materials glass and rock wool
- PUR polyurethane
- PIR polyisocyanurate
- the surface of the insulation board facing the outside experiences significant thermal shock loads, while the surface facing the wall has only very slight temperature fluctuations, which is expressed in a different temperature-induced dynamic linear expansion of the individual insulation boards that usually form the insulation layer, which anyway a relatively smaller change in length showing inside of the insulation layer on the wall is additionally prevented by the attachment in the change in length.
- This effect is known as encryption.
- the DE 33 12 414 an insulation board with a circumferential rebate profile, which is arranged as an insulation layer of a thermal insulation composite system in such a way that a recess is formed on the outside that is filled with a pre-formed butt joint profile which is identical to the insulation boards and which is glued to the adjacent insulation boards.
- the butt joint profile serves as a labyrinth seal, with which the penetration or penetration or the formation of moisture in the joint area is to be prevented.
- the butt joint profile is in particular provided with a one-sided fabric lamination that is worked into the plaster layer in a known manner.
- a comparable solution with a preformed pressure piece is in the DE 20 2006 015 663 U1 disclosed.
- the requirement for the adhesive connection is to provide a perfect and permanent bond between the profile elements and the insulation panels.
- the disadvantage of these solutions is that additional precisely fitting profile elements are required, which have to be processed on site in a complex manner.
- the profile elements are limited to simple geometric shapes such as cuboids or wedge shapes, so that the contact area is limited.
- the DE 35 28 776 provides for the joint area to be designed in the form of an elastic expansion strip, which is covered on the outside with an elastic sealing compound. Because of the sealing compound used in the groove of the elastic expansion strip with a lower Shore hardness, thermal movements in the elastic zone of the cover and thus in the plaster layer should be barely visible.
- This solution represents a complex and expensive special solution that requires the manufacture of insulation panels and connected expansion strips and the application of the elastic sealing compound, at least partially on site.
- the DE 298 20 778 U1 discloses thermal insulation panels with tongue and groove made of plastic foam, which have an expansion in the form of an undercut in the space between two adjacent panels. This widening is positional between the groove and Spring and the wall arranged and serves to prevent the penetration of adhesive mortar, with which the insulation panels are fixed to the wall, up to the tongue and groove area. The formation of joint cracks on the outside is not discussed.
- the invention has the task of providing an insulating layer of a thermal insulation composite system made of facade insulation panels, which avoids joint marks in the facade and at the same time is easy to manufacture and process.
- the created insulation layer of a thermal insulation composite system to be attached to a building wall of facade insulation panels with a cuboid base body with two opposite large areas and four side surfaces connecting the large areas has at least one recess in the form of an undercut at butt joint areas of adjacent panels.
- Profiling of the insulation panels is shaped and arranged in such a way that a recess is formed over the respective contact surface with an adjacent, butted insulation panel, which is arranged as an insulation layer for a thermal insulation composite system on the side facing away from the wall when the insulation panels are installed.
- the recesses are filled with an elastic filling compound with adhesive properties, so that the plates are firmly connected to one another with a non-positive, elastic connection so that the encoding is significantly reduced.
- the design of the recess in the form of an undercut results in a non-positive, elastic connection with particularly good mechanical properties due to the enlarged contact area between the filler material and an increased amount of filler material.
- bowls or “bowls” is also used; in the English-speaking world one speaks of “bowing” or “buckling”. This means the one-sided thermal expansion of a panel on a facade under the influence of temperature, which is accompanied by bulging of the insulation panels. The panels arch like a bowl and this can cause cracks to form in the joint area.
- this composite also advantageously seals the abutment surface against the penetration of mortar into the butt joint.
- plaster By applying the plaster using the usual processing technology, it is inevitable that mortar material is partially pressed into the butt joints.
- a mortar tongue is accompanied by the formation of a thermal bridge, which can reduce the overall insulating effect of the composite thermal insulation system.
- butt joints are already filled in with a suitable material to avoid thermal bridges due to wider butt joints, but this is only done for butt joints of a certain width, which depends on the diameter of the outlet opening of the application device, usually a cartridge. Narrower butt joints in the range of a few millimeters are usually not reworked and are not connected to one another with a force fit.
- the facade insulation panel has a profile on two adjacent side surfaces. With this arrangement of the profiling "across the corner", the side surfaces opposite the two profiled side surfaces do not have any profiling.
- the facade insulation panels are laid in the insulation layer in a bond such that the profiled side surface of a facade insulation panel is adjacent to the non-profiled side surface of an adjacent facade insulation panel, so that the recess is formed by the profile of one panel.
- the insulation board it is also possible for the insulation board to have a circumferential profiling on all four side surfaces, so that the recess in the insulation layer is created by the interaction of profiling and counter-profiling (of the adjacent board).
- facade insulation panels with this form of profiling must be produced on the long side surfaces and on the short side surfaces, i.e. two products are provided have to.
- a flat, i.e. Continuous formation of the recesses in the insulation layer is only given when laying in a cross bond, which is generally less desirable.
- the profiling expediently extends over no more than 50% of the thickness of the insulation board and thus of the insulation layer, particularly preferably no more than 25% of the thickness of the insulation board or the insulation layer.
- the non-profiled section of the side surface serves as an abutment surface for laying the facade insulation panels to the insulation layer.
- the facade insulation panel is preferably made of expanded polystyrene (EPS), extruded polystyrene (XPS), polyurethane (PUR), polyisocyanurate (PIR) or phenolic resin / resol. Expanded polystyrene (EPS) is particularly preferred.
- the filling compound has adhesive properties and enables a non-positive and elastic connection between adjacent insulation panels. It is preferred that the filler material, after curing, has a modulus of elasticity according to ISO 527 of 20 MPa to 150 MPa, particularly preferably from 50 MPa to 120 MPa.
- a material is expediently used as the filler material which has a thermal conductivity according to DIN 52612-2: 1984-06 of less than or equal to 0.060 W / (mK), preferably less than or equal to 0.040 W / (mK). Due to this insulating effect of the filler material, it is advantageous to largely prevent the joints from showing on the plastered facade.
- the filler compound in the hardened state has a tensile strength of the adhesive connection of at least 60 kPa, preferably at least 80 kPa according to EN 15870: 2009.
- Foamable filling compounds based on polyurethane or polyisocyanurate which can be provided in cartridges, are preferred.
- self-curing one- or multi-component adhesives based on plastic, mineral adhesives or plastic-modified ("tempered") mineral adhesives mixed with insulating materials, preferably expanded polystyrene (EPS) in granulate form can be used.
- EPS expanded polystyrene
- Fig. 1 shows a facade insulation panel 1 made of expanded polystyrene (EPS) in the form of a cuboid with a first large area 2, an opposite large area 3, two short side surfaces 4 and second long side surfaces 5.
- the facade insulation panel 1 has a non-profiled side surface section 4 on a short side surface 4 'and a profiling 6 and on a long side surface 5 a non-profiled side surface section 5' and a second profiling 7.
- Both profiles 6, 7 are designed here as a right-angled recess, which in the cross section of the section plane AA 'in Fig. 2a for the detail section Z is shown.
- the two profiles 6 and 7 have the same dimensions, so the length or width of the first large area 2 is each 5 mm less than the length or width of the second large area 3. Both profiles extend over a depth of 30 mm of the insulation board with dimensions of 1000 x 500 x 100 mm, based on the non-profiled cuboid. In the example, the depth of the profile is therefore 30% of the panel thickness. In the case of the right-angled recess, the dimension of each intermediate plane parallel to the large surfaces 2, 3 over the depth of the profile is the same as the dimension of the first large surface 2.
- FIGS. 2b-2d show, in an enlarged detail representation, different versions of the profiling of a facade insulation panel for an insulation layer for detail section Z.
- the versions 2a to 2d are of this type graphically arranged one below the other that the non-profiled side surface sections 4 'are aligned.
- Fig. 2a exhibits the profile with a right-angled recess according to the prior art Fig. 1 enlarged.
- the profile width ie the distance between the aligned plane of the non-profiled side surface sections 4 'and the profiling 4 "of the side surface 4 is constant over the profile depth.
- Figure 2b represents a first profiling of the facade insulation panel for the insulation layer.
- the profiling has a comparatively small recess of 3 mm compared to the aligned plane of the non-profiled side surface sections 4 ', and after a parallel edge area 10 forms an undercut area 11 until the profile depth is reached out.
- the profiling of the Figure 2c as a further profiling of the facade insulation board for the insulation layer differs from the execution according to Fig. 2 b in that the undercut is not formed with an inclined course, but is formed as a groove 12 below the parallel edge region 10.
- the profiling of the Fig. 2d represents a trough-shaped or trapezoidal recess 13.
- the length of an intermediate plane ie the extension in the direction of the cross-sectional area AA 'to the opposite side surface due to a larger profile width, is in the undercut area in embodiment 2b 11, in the embodiment 2c at every point of the groove recess 12 and in the embodiment 2d at least the area of the bottom of the trough-shaped recess 13 parallel to the aligned plane is smaller than the corresponding length of the first large area.
- profiling prrecisely an orthogonal side surface.
- Fig. 3 shows a section of an insulating layer 14 made of insulating panels after it has been attached to the wall, the profiles 6, 7 from the Facing away from the wall. To simplify the illustration, any mechanical fastening elements used have been omitted and the reference symbols are entered only once.
- the cutout after Fig. 3 shows a total of twenty facade insulation panels 1 with profiling according to Fig. 2 b Via a "corner" on two adjacent side surfaces, which are arranged in the association in a conventional manner before the filling material is introduced.
- the facade insulation panels 1 in the exemplary embodiment are arranged in such a way that the profiles from the parallel edge area 10 and the inclined undercut area 11 are located on the right and lower edge of a facade insulation panel 1.
- joint 15 has a wedge-shaped shape and is formed by the profiling 6 or 7 and the non-profiled side surface 4 and 5 of a further abutting facade insulation panel 1 are formed.
- the limitation of the undercut is not visible in the top view and in Fig. 3 indicated by the dashed lines 16.
- the joints 15 are foamed or filled with a suitable filler material, in particular a PUR foam adhesive, in a subsequent work step.
- a suitable filler material in particular a PUR foam adhesive
- any material that has swelled out of the joint is removed with a craft knife and, if necessary, the joint is smoothed.
- the further layers, concealed plaster with reinforcing fabric, finishing plaster / finishing plaster and possibly further covering layers such as paint coats of the thermal insulation composite system, are then applied in a manner known per se.
- facade insulation panels arranged orthogonally to one another can advantageously also be glued in the corner area, which results in considerable mechanical stabilization.
- the invention also leaves room for further refinements.
- profiling it is not necessary for the profiling to have the same geometry on all profiled side surfaces; different geometries can also be combined with one another.
- the basic shape of the facade element can also differ from a cuboid shape and be a rebate element known per se.
- the described configuration of the profiling according to the invention is then preferably formed in one of the two insulating layers of the rebate element.
- the basic shape of the facade element can differ from the cuboid shape and be a tongue-and-groove element known per se.
- the described configuration of the profiling according to the invention is then preferably arranged in one of the two outer insulating layers of the three-layer tongue-and-groove element.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Finishing Walls (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Erstellen eines Wärmedämmverbundsystems.The invention relates to a method for creating a thermal insulation composite system.
Vor dem Hintergrund steigender Energiekosten und zunehmender gesetzlicher Anforderungen kommt der Steigerung der Energieeffizienz von Gebäuden eine Schlüsselrolle zu. Eine besondere Bedeutung hat dabei die Dämmung von Fassaden, insbesondere in Form von Wärmedämmverbundsystemen (WDVS). Wärmedämmverbundsysteme sind üblicherweise aufgebaut aus einer an der zu dämmenden Fassade oder Wand mit Klebern und/oder mechanischen Befestigungselementen, insbesondere Tellerdübeln angebrachten Dämmschicht, die aus aneinander stoßenden, in der Fläche im Verband verlegten Dämmplatten erstellt wird, und die außenseitig mit einem Unterputz mit eingebettetem Armierungsgewebe und einem Ober- oder Deckputz abgeschlossen wird, ggf. weisen sie als weitere Schicht einen außenseitigen Farbanstrich auf. Als Dämmmaterial kommen bei Wärmedämmverbundsystemen im Wesentlichen expandiertes Polystyrol (EPS) und Mineralwolledämmstoffe (Glas- und Steinwolle) zum Einsatz, andere Dämmstoffe, insbesondere Hartschaumstoffe wie insbesondere extrudiertes Polystyrol und Polyurethan (PUR)/Polyisocyanurat (PIR) oder Phenolharzschaum/Resol, haben nur eine untergeordnete praktische Bedeutung.Against the background of rising energy costs and increasing legal requirements, increasing the energy efficiency of buildings plays a key role. The insulation of facades is of particular importance, especially in the form of thermal insulation composite systems (ETICS). Thermal insulation composite systems are usually built up from an insulation layer attached to the facade or wall to be insulated with adhesives and / or mechanical fastening elements, in particular plate anchors, which is created from abutting insulation panels laid in the surface and which is on the outside with a plaster with embedded reinforcement fabric and a top or finishing plaster is completed, if necessary, they have a paint on the outside as a further layer. In thermal insulation composite systems, mainly expanded polystyrene (EPS) and mineral wool insulation materials (glass and rock wool) are used as insulation material, other insulation materials, in particular rigid foams such as extruded polystyrene and polyurethane (PUR) / polyisocyanurate (PIR) or phenolic resin foam / resol, only have one of minor practical importance.
Zur Steigerung der Energieeffizienz besteht seit Jahren ein Trend zu Erhöhung der Dämmstoffdicken. Im Fall der relativ unelastischen Hartschaumdämmstoffe, d.h. Expandiertes Polystyrol (EPS), Extrudiertes Polystyrol (XPS), Polyurethan (PUR), Polyisocyanurat (PIR), Phenolharzschaum/Resol führt die Zunahme der Dämmstoffdicke zu einem Problem. Aufgrund der lokalen Klimabedingungen, insbesondere der Ausrichtung der Fassade und der damit einhergehenden Sonneneinstrahlung kommt es zu einer gewissen Aufheizung der Gebäudehülle und der Dämmschicht. Mit zunehmender Dicke der Dämmschicht stellt sich ein immer größerer Temperaturgradient zwischen der zur Außenseite weisenden Oberfläche der Dämmschicht und der zur tragenden Wand weisenden Oberfläche ein. Dies hat zur Folge, dass die zur Außenseite weisende Oberfläche der Dämmplatte eine erhebliche Temperaturwechselbeanspruchung erfährt, während die zur Wand weisende Oberfläche nur sehr geringe Temperaturschwankungen aufweist, was sich in einer unterschiedlichen temperaturinduzierten dynamischen Längenausdehnung der üblicherweise die Dämmschicht bildenden einzelnen Dämmplatten äußert, wobei die ohnehin eine relativ kleinere Längenänderung zeigende Innenseite der Dämmschicht an der Wand zusätzlich durch die Befestigung in der Längenänderung gehindert ist. Dieser Effekt ist als Verschüsselung bekannt.In order to increase energy efficiency, there has been a trend towards increasing insulation thicknesses for years. In the case of the relatively inelastic rigid foam insulation materials, ie expanded polystyrene (EPS), extruded polystyrene (XPS), polyurethane (PUR), polyisocyanurate (PIR), phenolic resin foam / resole, the increase in insulation thickness leads to a problem. Due to the local climatic conditions, in particular the orientation of the facade and the associated solar radiation, the building envelope and the insulation layer heat up to a certain extent. As the thickness of the insulation layer increases, there is an ever greater temperature gradient between the surface of the insulation layer facing the outside and the surface facing the load-bearing wall. As a result, the surface of the insulation board facing the outside experiences significant thermal shock loads, while the surface facing the wall has only very slight temperature fluctuations, which is expressed in a different temperature-induced dynamic linear expansion of the individual insulation boards that usually form the insulation layer, which anyway a relatively smaller change in length showing inside of the insulation layer on the wall is additionally prevented by the attachment in the change in length. This effect is known as encryption.
Dieses dynamische Ausdehnungsverhalten der Dämmplatten kann zur Ausbildung von Fugen zwischen benachbarten Dämmplatten führen. Zwar sind in einem Wärmedämmverbundsystem die Dämmplatten mit einem armierten Putz überzogen, allerdings führt der ebenfalls vorhandene Trend zu dünneren Putzschichtdicken trotz der eingearbeiteten Armierungsschicht zu der erhöhten Gefahr der Abzeichnung von Fugen durch das Reißen des Putzes, der den dynamischen Belastungen der Verschüsselung langfristig nicht standhält.This dynamic expansion behavior of the insulation boards can lead to the formation of joints between adjacent insulation boards. Although the insulation boards in a thermal insulation composite system are covered with a reinforced plaster, the trend towards thinner plaster layer thicknesses, despite the reinforcement layer incorporated, leads to the increased risk of joints becoming visible due to the plaster tearing, which cannot withstand the dynamic loads of the encapsulation in the long term.
Zur Vermeidung der beschriebenen Problematik wurde in der Vergangenheit eine Reihe von Lösungen vorgeschlagen.A number of solutions have been proposed in the past to avoid the problem described.
So offenbart die
Die
Die
Ausgehend von diesem Sachverhalt stellt sich die Erfindung die Aufgabe, eine Dämmschicht eines Wärmedämmverbundsystems aus Fassadendämmplatten bereitzustellen, welche Fugenabzeichnungen in der Fassade vermeidet und zugleich einfach in der Herstellung und Verarbeitung ist.Based on this fact, the invention has the task of providing an insulating layer of a thermal insulation composite system made of facade insulation panels, which avoids joint marks in the facade and at the same time is easy to manufacture and process.
Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch ein Verfahren zur Erstellung eines Wärmedämmverbundsystems mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1. Bevorzugte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind durch die in den Unteransprüchen enthaltenen Merkmale gekennzeichnet.The object is achieved by a method for creating a thermal insulation composite system with the features of
Die erstellte Dämmschicht eines an einer Gebäudewand anzubringenden Wärmedämmverbundsystems aus Fassadendämmplatten mit einem quaderförmigen Grundkörper mit zwei gegenüberliegenden Großflächen und vier die Großflächen verbindenden Seitenflächen weist an Stoßfugenbereichen aneinander angrenzender Platten wenigstens eine Ausnehmung in Form einer Hinterschneidung auf. Eine Profilierung der Dämmplatten ist dabei so ausgeformt und angeordnet, dass sich mit einer benachbarten, stoßend verlegten Dämmplatte über der jeweilige Berührfläche eine Ausnehmung ausbildet, welche bei der Verlegung der Dämmplatten als Dämmschicht für ein Wärmedämmverbundsystem auf der von der Wand abgewandten Seite angeordnet ist. Die Ausnehmungen sind mit einer elastischen Füllmasse mit klebenden Eigenschaften verfüllt, so dass die Platten mit einer kraftschlüssigen, elastischen Verbindung fest miteinander verbunden sind, so dass die Verschüsselung wesentlich reduziert ist. Die Ausführung der Ausnehmung in Form einer Hinterschneidung hat eine kraftschlüssige, elastische Verbindung mit besonders guten mechanischen Eigenschaften aufgrund der vergrößerten Kontaktfläche zwischen Füllmaterial und einer vergrößerten Füllmaterialmenge zur Folge.The created insulation layer of a thermal insulation composite system to be attached to a building wall of facade insulation panels with a cuboid base body with two opposite large areas and four side surfaces connecting the large areas has at least one recess in the form of an undercut at butt joint areas of adjacent panels. Profiling of the insulation panels is shaped and arranged in such a way that a recess is formed over the respective contact surface with an adjacent, butted insulation panel, which is arranged as an insulation layer for a thermal insulation composite system on the side facing away from the wall when the insulation panels are installed. The recesses are filled with an elastic filling compound with adhesive properties, so that the plates are firmly connected to one another with a non-positive, elastic connection so that the encoding is significantly reduced. The design of the recess in the form of an undercut results in a non-positive, elastic connection with particularly good mechanical properties due to the enlarged contact area between the filler material and an increased amount of filler material.
Neben dem Ausdruck Verschüsselung ist auch die Bezeichnung Schüsseln bzw. Schüsselung gebräuchlich, im englischen Sprachraum spricht man hier von "bowing" oder "buckling". Man versteht hierunter die einseitige thermische Ausdehnung einer Platte an einer Fassade unter Temperatureinwirkung, was mit einem Ausbeulen der Dämmplatten einhergeht. Die Platten wölben sich schüsselartig auf und im Fugenbereich können sich dadurch Risse ausbilden.In addition to the expression “encryption”, the term “bowls” or “bowls” is also used; in the English-speaking world one speaks of “bowing” or “buckling”. This means the one-sided thermal expansion of a panel on a facade under the influence of temperature, which is accompanied by bulging of the insulation panels. The panels arch like a bowl and this can cause cracks to form in the joint area.
Neben der Ausbildung der kraftschlüssigen Verbindung stellt dieser Verbund zugleich vorteilhaft eine Abdichtung der Stoßfläche gegen das Eindringen von Mörtel in die Stoßfuge dar. Durch das Auftragen des Unterputzes mittels der üblichen Verarbeitungstechnik ist es unvermeidbar, dass Mörtelmaterial teilweise in die Stoßfugen hineingedrückt wird. Neben dem daraus resultierenden Aufklaffen der Stoßfuge geht mit einer solchen Mörtelzunge die Ausbildung einer Wärmebrücke einher, die die Dämmwirkung des Wärmedämmverbundsystems insgesamt herabsetzen kann. Zwar werden in der Baustellenpraxis bereits Stoßfugen mit einem geeigneten Material nacharbeitend ausgefüllt, um Wärmebrücken durch breitere Stoßfugen zu vermeiden, allerdings erfolgt dies nur für Stoßfugen einer gewissen Breite, die vom Durchmesser der Austrittsöffnung des Applikationsgerätes, üblicherweise einer Kartusche, abhängt. Schmalere Stoßfugen im Bereich wenigen Millimeter werden in der Regel nicht nachgearbeitet und sind nicht kraftschlüssig miteinander verbunden.In addition to the formation of the non-positive connection, this composite also advantageously seals the abutment surface against the penetration of mortar into the butt joint. By applying the plaster using the usual processing technology, it is inevitable that mortar material is partially pressed into the butt joints. In addition to the resulting gaping of the butt joint, such a mortar tongue is accompanied by the formation of a thermal bridge, which can reduce the overall insulating effect of the composite thermal insulation system. In practice, butt joints are already filled in with a suitable material to avoid thermal bridges due to wider butt joints, but this is only done for butt joints of a certain width, which depends on the diameter of the outlet opening of the application device, usually a cartridge. Narrower butt joints in the range of a few millimeters are usually not reworked and are not connected to one another with a force fit.
Es ist bevorzugt, dass die Fassadendämmplatte eine Profilierung an zwei angrenzenden Seitenflächen aufweist. Bei dieser Anordnung der Profilierung "über Eck" weisen die den beiden profilierten Seitenflächen gegenüberliegenden Seitenflächen gerade keine Profilierung auf. Die Fassadendämmplatten werden in der Dämmschicht im Verband so verlegt, dass die profilierte Seitenfläche einer Fassadendämmplatte an die nicht-profilierte Seitenfläche einer angrenzenden Fassadendämmplatte angrenzt, so dass die Ausnehmung durch die Profilierung der einen Platte gebildet wird.It is preferred that the facade insulation panel has a profile on two adjacent side surfaces. With this arrangement of the profiling "across the corner", the side surfaces opposite the two profiled side surfaces do not have any profiling. The facade insulation panels are laid in the insulation layer in a bond such that the profiled side surface of a facade insulation panel is adjacent to the non-profiled side surface of an adjacent facade insulation panel, so that the recess is formed by the profile of one panel.
Alternativ ist es auch möglich, dass die Dämmplatte eine umlaufende Profilierung an allen vier Seitenflächen aufweist, so dass die Ausnehmung in der Dämmschicht durch das Zusammenwirken von Profilierung und Gegenprofilierung (der angrenzenden Platte) entsteht.Alternatively, it is also possible for the insulation board to have a circumferential profiling on all four side surfaces, so that the recess in the insulation layer is created by the interaction of profiling and counter-profiling (of the adjacent board).
Zwar ist es auch möglich, eine Profilierung an den beiden gegenüberliegenden Seitenflächen einer Fassadendämmplatte vorzusehen, allerdings weist diese Variante den Nachteil auf, dass Fassadendämmplatten mit dieser Form der Profilierung an den langen Seitenflächen und an den kurzen Seitenflächen hergestellt werden müssen, also zwei Produkte bereitgestellt werden müssen. Eine flächige, d.h. durchgehende Ausbildung der Ausnehmungen in der Dämmschicht ist zudem nur bei einer Verlegung im Kreuzverband gegeben, der jedoch generell weniger gewünscht ist.Although it is also possible to provide profiling on the two opposite side surfaces of a facade insulation panel, this variant has the disadvantage that facade insulation panels with this form of profiling must be produced on the long side surfaces and on the short side surfaces, i.e. two products are provided have to. A flat, i.e. Continuous formation of the recesses in the insulation layer is only given when laying in a cross bond, which is generally less desirable.
Zweckmäßigerweise erstreckt sich die Profilierung über nicht mehr als 50% der Dicke der Dämmplatte und damit der Dämmschicht, besonders bevorzugt nicht mehr als 25% der Dicke der Dämmplatte bzw. der Dämmschicht. Der nicht-profilierte Abschnitt der Seitenfläche dient als Stoßfläche für das Verlegen der Fassadendämmplatten zu der Dämmschicht.The profiling expediently extends over no more than 50% of the thickness of the insulation board and thus of the insulation layer, particularly preferably no more than 25% of the thickness of the insulation board or the insulation layer. The non-profiled section of the side surface serves as an abutment surface for laying the facade insulation panels to the insulation layer.
Die Fassadendämmplatte ist materialmäßig vorzugsweise aus expandiertem Polystyrol (EPS), extrudiertem Polystyrol (XPS), Polyurethan (PUR), Polyisocyanurat (PIR) oder Phenolharz/Resol gebildet. Besonders bevorzugt ist Expandiertes Polystyrol (EPS).The facade insulation panel is preferably made of expanded polystyrene (EPS), extruded polystyrene (XPS), polyurethane (PUR), polyisocyanurate (PIR) or phenolic resin / resol. Expanded polystyrene (EPS) is particularly preferred.
Die Füllmasse weist adhäsive Eigenschaften auf und ermöglicht eine kraftschlüssige und elastische Verbindung zwischen angrenzenden Dämmplatten. Es ist bevorzugt, dass das Füllmaterial nach Aushärtung ein E-Modul nach ISO 527 von 20 MPa bis 150 MPa, besonders bevorzugt von 50 MPa bis 120 MPa aufweist.The filling compound has adhesive properties and enables a non-positive and elastic connection between adjacent insulation panels. It is preferred that the filler material, after curing, has a modulus of elasticity according to ISO 527 of 20 MPa to 150 MPa, particularly preferably from 50 MPa to 120 MPa.
Zweckmäßigerweise kommt als Füllmaterial ein Material zum Einsatz, welches eine Wärmeleitfähigkeit nach DIN 52612-2:1984-06 von kleiner oder gleich 0,060 W/(mK) aufweist, bevorzugt kleiner oder gleich 0,040 W/(mK). Aufgrund dieser Dämmwirkung des Füllmaterials wird vorteilhaft eine Abzeichnung der Fugen auf der verputzten Fassade weitestgehend unterbunden.A material is expediently used as the filler material which has a thermal conductivity according to DIN 52612-2: 1984-06 of less than or equal to 0.060 W / (mK), preferably less than or equal to 0.040 W / (mK). Due to this insulating effect of the filler material, it is advantageous to largely prevent the joints from showing on the plastered facade.
Zur Erreichung einer guten dauerhaften Klebeverbindung ist es bevorzugt, dass die Füllmasse im ausgehärteten Zustand eine Zugfestigkeit der Klebeverbindung von mindestens 60 kPa, bevorzugt mindestens 80 kPa nach EN 15870:2009 aufweist.To achieve a good permanent adhesive connection, it is preferred that the filler compound in the hardened state has a tensile strength of the adhesive connection of at least 60 kPa, preferably at least 80 kPa according to EN 15870: 2009.
Bevorzugt sind schäumbare Füllmassen auf der Basis von Polyurethan oder Polyisocyanurat, die in Kartuschen bereitgestellt werden können. Alternativ können selbsttätig aushärtende ein- oder mehrkomponentige Klebemassen auf Kunststoffbasis, mineralische Klebemassen oder kunststoffmodifizierte ("vergütete") mineralische Klebemassen, versetzt mit Dämmmaterialien, vorzugsweise Expandiertem Polystyrol (EPS) in Granulatform, verwendet werden.Foamable filling compounds based on polyurethane or polyisocyanurate, which can be provided in cartridges, are preferred. Alternatively, self-curing one- or multi-component adhesives based on plastic, mineral adhesives or plastic-modified ("tempered") mineral adhesives mixed with insulating materials, preferably expanded polystyrene (EPS) in granulate form, can be used.
Das Verfahren zum Erstellen eines Wärmedämmverbundsystems ist gegeben durch die Schritte
- Anbringen einer Dämmschicht durch stoßende Verlegung von Fassadendämmplatten an einer zu dämmenden Gebäudewand mit Kleber und/oder mechanischen Befestigungsmitteln,
- Verfüllen der zwischen benachbarten Fassadendämmplatten aufgrund der Profilierung gebildeten Ausnehmungen mit einer adhäsiven Füllmasse und Aushärten der Füllmasse unter Ausbildung einer kraftschlüssigen und elastischen Klebeverbindung,
- ggf. Entfernen von Füllmasseüberstand und/oder Glätten der Fuge nach Aushärtung der Füllmasse,
- Auftrag von Unterputz, Armierungsgewebe und Oberputz, und ggf. von weiteren Deckschichten.
- Attachment of an insulation layer by butting installation of facade insulation panels on a building wall to be insulated with adhesive and / or mechanical fasteners,
- Filling the recesses formed between adjacent facade insulation panels due to the profiling with an adhesive filling compound and curing the filling compound with the formation of a force-fit and elastic adhesive connection,
- If necessary, removal of excess filler and / or smoothing of the joint after the filler has hardened,
- Application of base plaster, reinforcement mesh and finishing plaster and, if necessary, of further top layers.
Aufgrund der nicht vorgesehen Verwendung von vorgeformten Profilelementen mit hohem Bereitstellungs- und Anpassungsaufwand wird eine einfache Lösung der Aufgabenstellung ermöglicht.A simple solution to the problem is made possible due to the use of preformed profile elements with a high level of preparation and adaptation effort, which is not provided.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend an Ausführungsbeispielen näher beschrieben, wobei gleiche Gegenstände mit gleichen Bezugszeichen gekennzeichnet sind. Es zeigen:
-
Fig. 1 eine Fassadendämmplatte für eine Dämmschicht nach dem Stand der Technik in einer perspektivischen Darstellung, -
Fig. 2a die Profilierung der Fassadendämmplatte nachFig. 1 -
Fig. 2b-d verschiedene Ausführungen der Profilierung einer Fassadendämmplatte für eine Dämmschicht. -
Fig. 3 einen Ausschnitt aus einer erfindungsgemäßen Dämmschicht aus Fassadendämmplatten nach dem Anbringen an die Wand.
-
Fig. 1 a facade insulation panel for an insulation layer according to the prior art in a perspective view, -
Fig. 2a the profiling of the facade insulation boardFig. 1 -
Figures 2b-d different versions of the profiling of a facade insulation board for an insulation layer. -
Fig. 3 a section of an insulation layer according to the invention made of facade insulation panels after attachment to the wall.
Die
Die Profilierung der
Die Profilierung der
Zwar können die Profilierungen nach
Nach dem Anbringen der Dämmplatten 1 und der damit einhergehenden Fugenausbildung werden in einem nachfolgenden Arbeitsschritt die Fugen 15 mit einem geeigneten Füllmaterial, insbesondere einem PUR-Schaumkleber ausgeschäumt oder ausgefüllt. Nach der Aufschäum- und Aushärtezeit wird dann aus der Fuge gequollenes Material mit einem Cuttermesser entfernt und bei Bedarf die Fuge geglättet. Auf die derart vorbereitete Dämmschicht werden anschließend in an sich bekannter Weise die weiteren Schichten, Unterputz mit Armierungsgewebe, Oberputz/Deckputz und ggf. weitere Deckschichten wie Farbanstriche des Wärmedämmverbundsystems aufgebracht.After the
Neben der Verklebung von aneinander stoßenden Fassadendämmplatten in der Fläche können vorteilhaft auch zueinander orthogonal angeordnete Fassadendämmplatten im Eckbereich verklebt werden, was eine erhebliche mechanische Stabilisierung zur Folge hat.In addition to the gluing of abutting facade insulation panels in the area, facade insulation panels arranged orthogonally to one another can advantageously also be glued in the corner area, which results in considerable mechanical stabilization.
Die Erfindung lässt darüber hinaus Raum für weitere Ausgestaltungen.The invention also leaves room for further refinements.
Es ist nicht erforderlich, dass die Profilierung an allen profilierten Seitenflächen die gleiche Geometrie aufweist, es können auch unterschiedliche Geometrien miteinander kombiniert werden.It is not necessary for the profiling to have the same geometry on all profiled side surfaces; different geometries can also be combined with one another.
Die Grundform des Fassadenelements kann auch abweichend von einer Quaderform ein an sich bekanntes Stufenfalzelement sein. Die beschriebene erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung der Profilierung ist dann vorzugsweise in einer der beiden Dämmlagen des Stufenfalzelements ausgebildet.The basic shape of the facade element can also differ from a cuboid shape and be a rebate element known per se. The described configuration of the profiling according to the invention is then preferably formed in one of the two insulating layers of the rebate element.
Die Grundform des Fassadenelements kann abweichend von der Quaderform ein an sich bekanntes Nut-und-Feder-Element sein. Die beschriebene erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung der Profilierung ist dann vorzugsweise in einer der beiden außenseitigen Dämmlagen des dreischichtigen Nut-und-Feder-Elements angeordnet.The basic shape of the facade element can differ from the cuboid shape and be a tongue-and-groove element known per se. The described configuration of the profiling according to the invention is then preferably arranged in one of the two outer insulating layers of the three-layer tongue-and-groove element.
Es ist für den Fachmann naheliegend, die konkreten Abmessungen der Profilierung, insbesondere der Profilbreite an der Auftragsstelle, maßgeblich des engen parallelen Kantenbereichs gemäß
Die angegebenen Abmessungen und Materialangaben haben insofern lediglich illustrierenden Charakter. Andere Abmessungen und Materialien liegen im Rahmen der beanspruchten Erfindung.The specified dimensions and material information are therefore only illustrative. Other dimensions and materials are within the scope of the claimed invention.
Claims (10)
- Method for creating a composite thermal insulation system, characterized by the following steps- Applying an insulating layer (14) of facade insulation panels (1) with a cuboidal base body with two opposite large surfaces (2, 3) and four side surfaces (4, 5) connecting the large surfaces by butt laying the facade insulation panels (1) on a building wall to be insulated using adhesive and/or mechanical fastening means, so that the insulating layer (14) has at least one outside recess (6, 7, 15) on the large surface remote from the building wall, at butt joint regions of adjoining panels, in the form of an undercut,- Filling the recesses (6, 7, 15) formed by the profiling between adjacent facade insulation panels with an adhesive filling compound and curing the adhesive filling compound to form a non-positive and elastic adhesive bond,- if necessary, removal of excess filling material and/or smoothing of the recess (15) after the filling material has cured,- Application of base coat, reinforcing fabric and top coat, and, if necessary, of further top coats.
- Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the facade insulation panels (1) have two adjoining profiled side surfaces and two adjoining non-profiled side surfaces, and the recesses of the insulation layer are formed by the cooperation of a profiled and a non-profiled side surface of adjoining facade insulation panels.
- Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the facade insulation panels (1) have a circumferential profiling on all four side faces, so that the recesses in the insulation layer are formed by the cooperation of profiling and counter-profiling of the adjacent panels.
- Method according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that the recess (6, 7) extends over not more than 50% of the thickness of the insulation layer (14), preferably not more than 25% of the thickness of the insulation layer (14).
- Method according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that the facade insulation panels are made of expanded polystyrene, extruded polystyrene, polyurethane, polyisocyanurate or phenolic resin foam/resol.
- Method according to one of the previous claims, characterised in that the filling material is a filling material which is elastic after curing and has an elasticity modulus according to ISO 527 of 20 MPa to 150 MPa.
- Method according to claim 6, characterized in that the elastic filling material after curing has a modulus of elasticity according to ISO 527 of 50 MPa to 120 MPa.
- Method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the filling material has a thermal conductivity according to DIN 52612-2:1984-06 of less than or equal to 0.060 W/(mK), preferably less than or equal to 0.040 W/(mK).
- Method according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the filling material, after curing, forms an adhesive bond between adjacent side surfaces which has a tensile strength of at least 60 kPa, preferably at least 80 kPa according to EN 15870:2009.
- Method according to one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that the filling material is a foamed filling material based on polyurethane or polyisocyanurate, a self-cured one- or multi-component adhesive compound based on plastics material mixed with insulating material, or a self-cured mineral or plastics-modified mineral adhesive compound mixed with insulating material.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102014015829.2A DE102014015829A1 (en) | 2014-10-28 | 2014-10-28 | Fassadendämmelement |
PCT/EP2015/074838 WO2016066628A1 (en) | 2014-10-28 | 2015-10-27 | Insulating layer for a composite heat insulation system, and composite heat insulation system |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3212856A1 EP3212856A1 (en) | 2017-09-06 |
EP3212856B1 true EP3212856B1 (en) | 2020-12-09 |
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EP15794486.9A Not-in-force EP3212856B1 (en) | 2014-10-28 | 2015-10-27 | Method to produce a composite heat insulation system |
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EP (1) | EP3212856B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102014015829A1 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2723774C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2016066628A1 (en) |
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RU199048U1 (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2020-08-11 | Карапет Арменович Тер-Закарян | THERMAL INSULATING MULTI-LAYER MATERIAL |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0461444A1 (en) * | 1990-06-09 | 1991-12-18 | KAEFER Isoliertechnik GmbH & Co. KG | Heat insulation for large differences of temperature, in the range of low temperatures |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AU5760173A (en) * | 1972-09-05 | 1975-01-09 | Frank Edward Mack | Thermal insulation |
SU941514A1 (en) * | 1978-07-05 | 1982-07-07 | Центральный научно-исследовательский и проектно-экспериментальный институт промышленных зданий и сооружений | Fencing panel |
SU1006664A1 (en) * | 1981-10-10 | 1983-03-23 | Центральный научно-исследовательский и проектно-экспериментальный институт промышленных зданий и сооружений | Wall slab |
DE3312414A1 (en) * | 1982-04-07 | 1983-10-20 | Stotmeister GmbH, 7894 Stühlingen | Heat insulation of walls with insulating panels |
DE3528776C2 (en) * | 1985-08-10 | 1995-04-27 | Kaefer Isoliertechnik | Panel element for thermal insulation, mainly in the cryogenic temperature range |
DE29820778U1 (en) * | 1998-11-20 | 1999-07-08 | MARMORIT GmbH, 79283 Bollschweil | Thermal insulation boards with tongue and groove |
DE202006015663U1 (en) * | 2006-10-06 | 2006-12-07 | Gonon Isolation Ag (Sa) | Heat insulation plate e.g. facade panel, for heat/sound insulation of outer facades, has longitudinal and narrow sides provided with recesses that extend over more than half length of sides, where recesses are open to outer side of plate |
AT508557B1 (en) * | 2009-07-27 | 2011-02-15 | Steinbacher Daemmstoff Gmbh | REVERSE ROOF |
RU91727U1 (en) * | 2009-08-27 | 2010-02-27 | Владимир Николаевич Нефедов | FRONT DECORATIVE HEAT-INSULATING PANEL |
-
2014
- 2014-10-28 DE DE102014015829.2A patent/DE102014015829A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2015
- 2015-10-27 EP EP15794486.9A patent/EP3212856B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2015-10-27 WO PCT/EP2015/074838 patent/WO2016066628A1/en active Application Filing
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---|---|---|---|---|
EP0461444A1 (en) * | 1990-06-09 | 1991-12-18 | KAEFER Isoliertechnik GmbH & Co. KG | Heat insulation for large differences of temperature, in the range of low temperatures |
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DE102014015829A1 (en) | 2016-04-28 |
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RU2017118320A (en) | 2018-11-29 |
EP3212856A1 (en) | 2017-09-06 |
WO2016066628A1 (en) | 2016-05-06 |
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