EP3212297A1

EP3212297A1 - Abseiling device

Info

Publication number: EP3212297A1
Application number: EP16711969.2A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Guido Rogge
Original assignee: MITTELMANN SICHERHEITSTECHNIK GmbH and Co KG
Current assignee: MITTELMANN SICHERHEITSTECHNIK GmbH and Co KG
Priority date: 2015-03-05
Filing date: 2016-03-03
Publication date: 2017-09-06
Anticipated expiration: 2036-03-03
Also published as: EP3212297B1; DE202015007330U1; PT3212297T; WO2016138894A1; US20180296861A1; DE202015001685U1; CN108112237B; DE102016103849A1; ES2691250T3; US11717708B2; DK3212297T3; CN108112237A; DE102015013645B3

Abstract

The invention relates to an abseiling device comprising a bidirectionally rotatable guiding arrangement (25) for guiding a pulling means (26); further comprising a braking mechanism (30) that is coupled to the guiding arrangement (25); a driving means (34; 35) can be connected to the guiding arrangement (25) so as to actuate the guiding arrangement (25). In order to create an abseiling device that prevents an individual from being injured or parts of the abseiling device from being damaged during rescue operations in particular of people, a mechanical torque limiter (33) decouples the driving means (34; 35) and the guiding arrangement (25) or the pulling means (26) when the torque exceeds a certain threshold value.

Description

descender

The invention relates to a descender, comprising a rotatable in both directions guide arrangement for guiding a traction means, and coupled to the guide roller braking device, wherein a drive means with the guide assembly for actuating the guide assembly is connectable. DE 102 10 969 A1 shows a descender with a guide arrangement rotatable in both directions for guiding a traction device and a braking device coupled to the guide arrangement, which is designed as a centrifugal brake, wherein a drive means, which comprises a first lever element, a second lever element and a gripping element, with the

Guide arrangement for manual operation of the guide assembly is connectable. A disadvantage of the descender shown here is that only a manual operation over, for example, a hand crank is possible without jeopardizing the person to be severed by excessive forces. Abseiling devices which are known from the prior art and which can be used for rescuing and, in particular, also as rescue hoists, have, inter alia, to comply with the Euronorm DIN EN 341: 201 1 ("Personal

Fall Protection Equipment - Abseiling Devices for Rescue ") and DIN EN 1496: 2006 (" Personal Fall Protection Equipment - Rescue Lifting Equipment "), which, for example, determine the maximum permitted abseiling speed.

WO 2010/135847 A1 shows a winch with a rotatable in both directions guide arrangement for guiding a traction device, wherein a motor formed as a drive means is connected to the guide assembly for actuating the guide assembly, wherein the drive means by means of a reduction gear transmits a rotary motion to a drive axle, wherein the drive shaft is connected via gears with a coupling mechanism, wherein the coupling mechanism is a drive axle comprises circumferential annular block, which comprises a plurality of springs biased in the axial direction pins, which are insertable in recesses of the guide assembly. The coupling mechanism limits the transmission of a mechanical torque, wherein the drive means and the guide arrangement when a threshold value of the

Torque decoupled.

US 2004/0168855 A1 shows a device for evacuating a person from a building, comprising one coupled to a guide arrangement

Braking device, which may be formed, for example, as a paddle wheel brake or eddy current brake, wherein the guide assembly is rotatably mounted on a first axis and is connected via gears with the axis of the paddle wheel brake. A disadvantage of the descender shown is that the user only from a higher position to a deeper

Move position and can not be raised by a suitable drive means from a lower position to a higher position.

EP 0 539 759 A1 describes a cable winch having a guide arrangement rotatable in both directions for guiding a traction means and a braking device coupled to the guide arrangement, which is formed by pawls rotatably connected to the end wall of the guide arrangement configured as a drum and a force introduction member, wherein a drive means the guide arrangement for actuating the

Leadership arrangement is connectable and interlocking

Clutch plates and rotating plates a mechanical

Torque limiter form, the drive means and the

Guide arrangement or the traction means when exceeding a

Threshold of the torque decoupled in the manner of a slip clutch. A disadvantage of the winch shown is that this is not suitable in contrast to a descender to rappel alone or rappel again. Rather, always a second person is needed, which operates the winch to release. In addition, due to the rather than fall protection braking device is no uniform rappelling with a continuous abseiling speed possible. Rather, the braking device shown has the effect of a parking brake that prevents further lowering of the person from a higher to a lower point without an operation of the trained as a hand crank or motor drive means. Thus, the known winch is not used as a descender, which would allow a person abseiling or evacuating alone to a floor without the assistance of an assistant.

DE 20 2007 013 135 U1 describes a descending device in which a traction means is guided over a guide arrangement designed as a guide roller, wherein the guide arrangement comprises a braking device for braking the

Guidance arrangement is assigned, which is designed as a centrifugal brake. The braking device and the guide arrangement are arranged on two parallel shafts, which via a corresponding

Peripheral teeth are in gear engagement and thus define a translation or reduction.

DE 203 18 516 U1 describes a descender in which the guide arrangement for guiding a traction means and the braking device for braking the guide assembly are arranged on the same axis, wherein a trained as a rope guide means is guided over a conically shaped drum section and surrounds this with a plurality of turns.

EP 0 624 387 B1 describes a device for lowering or lifting a load, in which a guide arrangement for guiding a traction device is looped around several times by the traction device designed as a cable, wherein the

Guide assembly is designed as rotatable on an axis sleeve which is rotated for lifting a load with the rope around the axis, while lowering the load, the rope is rotated on the sleeve, and wherein the

Braking device is formed by the hindered in the region of the sleeve at dodging, mutually festooned traction means.

In practice, descenders are used as a rescue hoist to handle it For example, to recover fallen people. These not only require a possibility to lower a person with limited speed on a traction means such as a rope, but also require - for example, to unlock a locking arrangement or to recover a person from a crevasse - a drive means for the on a guide assembly, such as Guide roller, guided traction means is provided, for example, a handwheel with which the load can be raised against the lowering direction. The problem here is that the already introduced by the handwheel in the transmission or in a locking arrangement of the abseiling device torque can already cause damage to the said parts.

It is the object of the invention to provide a descender, which is easy to use and especially in the recovery of persons in particular prevents damage to the person or parts of the abseiling device.

This object is achieved by a device having the features of an independent claim. According to one aspect of the invention, there is provided a descender comprising a bidirectionally rotatable guide assembly for guiding a traction means, and a brake assembly coupled to the guide assembly, wherein a drive means is provided with the guide assembly for actuating the traction means

Guide arrangement is connectable. In this case, it is further provided that a mechanical torque limiter decouples the drive means and the traction means - or the guide arrangement guiding the traction means - which decouples when a threshold value of the torque is exceeded. As a result, it is advantageously achieved that as a result the torque acting on the traction means does not exceed a certain upper limit. As a result, the abseiling device with the traction means can advantageously be used for lifting persons, in particular injured persons, without the risk that the person to be lifted will be injured by the drive means which unfolds too high a torque. Another advantage is that the forces in the Descender be initiated, at least in the mechanical

Torque limiter downstream part of the abseiling device are limited, so that in particular moving parts, which are in mechanical engagement, are spared, such as gears, locking device or the like.

The abseiling device according to the invention makes it possible, in particular, to connect external drive means directly or indirectly to the guide arrangement, whose torque often exceeds the torque required for a passenger recovery, and which because of the associated

Danger of injury usually not allowed to operate the guide assembly. As a result, the descender without danger of

Injuries of the person or load to be lifted with an external person

Drive means are coupled, and thus other than manual force transmitted to the traction means. The descender becomes a versatile rescue hoist.

The mechanical torque limiter preferably at least decouples the drive means and the guide arrangement guiding the traction means when a threshold value of the torque is exceeded.

Conveniently, the mechanical torque limiter is arranged between the drive means and the guide arrangement, so that at least the guide arrangement and guided by the guide arrangement

Traction means are protected against excessive torque. This ensures that the traction means and possibly hanging thereon

Persons at a torque introduced by the drive means, which exceeds the threshold, are exposed to the torque of the drive means only with a maximum of the threshold.

Conveniently, the mechanical torque limiter is part of the guide arrangement, so that the torque limiter in particular decouples the guide arrangement relative to the drive means. This can be realized for example by an outer sleeve part of the

Torque limiter associated with the guide assembly, while an inner male part of the torque limiter of the

Guide assembly associated with associated shaft. Alternatively, the guide arrangement itself may be designed as a mechanical torque limiter, in particular by decoupling the power transmission to the traction means when a torque threshold is exceeded.

It is alternatively possible for the mechanical torque limiter to be part of the drive means. In this case, the drive means may for example be associated with the sleeve part of the torque limiter, and a shaft departing from the drive means may be associated with the plug part of the torque limiter. But it is also alternatively possible that the sleeve part of the shaft is associated and the male part of the drive means. In this case, it can be advantageously provided that in the design of the drive means as a manually operable handwheel this nevertheless contains an approach for another, for example motor-driven drive means, so that either the motor and / or the manual drive means can be actuated. According to a preferred embodiment, it is provided that the

mechanical torque limiter is arranged on a brake device having the shaft. In this way, it is advantageously achieved that the mechanical torque limiter is adapted to a shaft driving the braking device, and this ensures at the same time that the braking device does not brake this upon actuation of the drive means.

It is equally possible that the mechanical

Torque limiter is arranged on a guide assembly having the shaft, so that the threshold value of the mechanical

Drehmomentenbegrenzers is tuned to the guide assembly. It is understood that the guide assembly and the braking device can also be connected to the same shaft. Conveniently, the shaft is in a rotational direction by a

Locking arrangement positively lockable while it is released in the opposite direction of rotation. In this way, the shaft, which may be both the brake device having the shaft and the guide assembly having the shaft, if they are not already provided on a common shaft, rotate only in one direction, while the other direction of rotation Locked form is locked. The advantage of the locking arrangement is in particular that the guide arrangement can only be actuated in one direction for the displacement of the traction means, whereby the danger is prevented that, when the drive means suddenly loosen, the load to be lifted slides down.

Conveniently, the positive locking on both

Reversible, so that either a lock in one direction of rotation and a clearance in the opposite direction of rotation and vice versa is possible. It is possible, in addition still a clearance for both directions of rotation and / or additionally a lock for both

Provide directions of rotation. The locking is conveniently effected by a ratchet or a spring-loaded bolt which engages a locking piece in engagement with a toothing which rotates with the associated shaft. The ratchet can also be plugged as an external part on the shaft to be locked, but is preferably firmly integrated into the descender.

It is particularly useful if the locking arrangement a

Switch includes, which optionally one of two pawls for

engages positive lock and at the same time brings the other of the two pawls disengaged, so always locked exactly one direction of rotation and the other direction of rotation is released.

It is possible that the guide assembly and the brake device are arranged on the same shaft, so that the rotational movement of the Guide assembly simultaneously triggers the brake device. Preferably, however, it is provided that the guide assembly is coupled via a transmission with the braking device, so that the shaft that the

Braking device carries, opposite to the shaft that the

Guide assembly carries, is stocky and thus has a higher speed. As a result, advantageously, the braking device on fine

preset Abseilgeschwindigkeiten the guide assembly are tuned so that the Abseilgeschwindigkeit the guide assembly is braked so far after reaching a certain speed by the braking device that it does not come to a further acceleration.

Expediently, the transmission has a first shaft and a second shaft, wherein the braking device is arranged on the first shaft and the guide arrangement is arranged on the second shaft. Here combing of the first shaft and the second shaft associated gears or

Gears for producing a gearbox with each other. But it is also possible that between the first wave and the second wave

Intermediate gear meshes. Preferably, a first gear of the transmission is mounted on a common first shaft with the braking device, and a second gear of the transmission torque-proof mounted on a common second shaft with the guide assembly, wherein the first gear meshes with the second gear. This advantageously achieves that in the case of

Locking one of the first shaft and the second shaft, the other shaft is also locked with, namely, the first gear and the second gear, the first shaft and the second shaft mutually blocked. This can be advantageous with a single

Locking arrangement, the entire transmission to be blocked. Furthermore, then according to an advantageous embodiment of the mechanical

Torque limiter optionally connected to one of the guide assembly having the second shaft and a brake device having the first shaft. The transmission can be two parallel Have waves, but it is also possible that the gears are designed, for example, as a bevel gear, so that the waves are not parallel. In a gear formed as a planetary gear, the two shafts may also be arranged coaxially. Preferably, at least one of the two shafts can be designed as a hollow shaft.

The first gear is expediently designed as a small gear and the second gear as a large gear to produce a translation. Therefore, the transmission is suitably designed as a transmission gear and housed in a housing. The small gear can also be designed as a toothing provided on the shaft, which does not protrude radially with respect to the shaft, as a result of which a desired translation can be achieved in a compact manner. Suitably, the housing comprises a first housing part and a second housing part, wherein the first housing part and the second housing part are screwed together. As a result, different parts of the transmission can be arranged in different housing parts. The mechanical torque limiter preferably comprises two nested parts, a plug-in part and a sleeve, which generate mutual slippage when a torque threshold is exceeded. This ensures that the default threshold is at

Transmission of a force on the mechanical torque limiter is not exceeded, so that the maximum torque threshold is transmitted. In this case, the sleeve can be perforated or split, so that the sleeve can spread open and thus decouple radially from the plug-in part. Preferably, the sleeve has an incision in its expediently approximately conical jacket, which can also pass over the entire length of the jacket.

According to a first advantageous embodiment, it is provided that the guide arrangement, the traction means slippage leads in the manner of a roll. Alternatively, it is provided that the mechanical torque limiter comprises two halves of the guide arrangement, which together lead the traction means, and allow mutual slip when the threshold value of the torque is exceeded. In this way, it is advantageously achieved that the slippage of the traction device with respect to the two halves of the guide assembly adjusts when the torque acting on the guide assembly exceeds a threshold, so that the slip exceeds the excess amount of torque and thus a maximum load for a load to be lifted, in particular an injured person is not exceeded.

According to a preferred embodiment it is provided that the

Drive means is a handwheel for manual operation of the abseiling device. The mechanical torque limiter here ensures that the handwheel does not exceed the threshold value of the torque set as the threshold value, and thus does not damage any possible transmission nor damage or even shears the positive engagement means of a locking arrangement. The injury to a person to be lifted is advantageously avoided.

According to a further embodiment it is provided that the drive means is a motor drive, such as an impact wrench, a

pneumatic drill, a hydraulic turbine, an internal combustion engine or a cordless screwdriver, or a shaft or kinematics driven thereby. Such motor drives have a very high torque, which could hurt a hochzuseilende person with unlimited introduction into the descender. In this case, the mechanical torque limiter advantageously has the effect that no such injury occurs.

The drive means can be plugged as an external drive means on, for example, a hexagonal recess of the abseiling device or a shaft or an extension of the abseiling device and thus the torque transferred directly or indirectly to the guide arrangement or the traction means. Such Innensechskantausnehmung may be provided, for example, in the range of a handwheel of Abseilgeräts, so that at the same time the handwheel and / or an external drive means, the force on the shaft to which the handwheel is connected, initiate.

Alternatively, it is also possible, a motor drive fixed to the

To link abseil device, for example, by attachment to the descender or by providing an integrated motor to demand the required

Provide power. Here, for example, the motor drive can be designed as an electric motor, wherein the required for the drive

Accumulator is not integrated with the descender, but externally

is connected. In this case, it is advantageous only necessary to connect a battery externally electrically.

According to a preferred embodiment, it is provided that the

Drive means includes an integrated torque limiter, wherein the mechanical torque limiter of Abseilgeräts has a lower threshold than that integrated in the drive means

Torque limiter. This can also drive means with

integrated torque limiters are used, however, which are often quite inaccurate and therefore for driving abseil devices that ropes people are not suitable per se. Conveniently, the drive means is part of the abseiling device and is for example fixed to a shaft of the abseiling device and / or with the

Enclosed housing of the descender, wherein the power supply can be provided both internally and externally. According to a favorable embodiment, the drive means can also be connected to the abseiling device outside a shaft carrying the braking device, for example to a separate tool holder. This is then preferably via a separate gear with the guide assembly coupled.

Conveniently, the brake device is designed as a centrifugal brake. It is possible to provide an electromagnetic or other brake instead of a centrifugal brake, which decelerates a shaft as a function of a rotational speed of the guide arrangement or a shaft detected by the sensor.

Conveniently, the guide assembly is rotatably mounted

Guide roller or pulley formed. About the sheave trained as a rope traction means can be placed where it is held against slipping, and over both ends of the rope, a person can be roped off under the influence of their load, and also raised against their load when operating a drive means.

The threshold value of the torque at which the mechanical

Torque limiter decoupling is suitably adapted to a raised by the descender load and is suitably between 2 Nm and 100 Nm, preferably between 5 Nm and 50 Nm, more preferably between 7 Nm and 20 Nm and most preferably between 8 Nm and 15 nm. For example, for the application of external drive means, which are held manually

Threshold values below 15 Nm, in particular in the range 9 Nm to 12 Nm, usually around 10 Nm.

According to one aspect, there is provided a descender comprising a bidirectionally rotatable guide assembly for guiding a traction means and a brake assembly coupled to the guide assembly, wherein a drive means is connectable to a guide assembly for operating the guide assembly. It is further provided that the drive means is receivable in a holder, and that the holder can be fixed to a holding member of the abseiling device. The descender created thereby takes in particular a motor drive, such as impact wrench, pneumatic drill, hydraulic turbine, combustion engine or cordless screwdriver, and secures them against rotation when the actuator is actuated. It is therefore possible to fasten the drive means to the abseiling device, wherein the holder receives the torque of the drive means and thus can be indirectly or directly introduced into the guide arrangement a rotational movement delivered to an output shaft of the drive means. By attaching the bracket to the

Holding member of the abseiling device is a particularly simple introduction of forces in the descender possible. The user no longer needs to hold the drive means by hand, and because he usually hangs on a rope, the rope is not moved when absorbing the forces, resulting in a more stable position of the user. By receiving the drive means in a holder this is particularly secured against falling, so that the risk that the drive means falls to the ground, is largely reduced. The bracket supports the drive means so that the

Output shaft of the drive means is hineinführbar in a corresponding drive nut of Abseilgeräts, so that the held drive means can be operated with one hand, even with a finger, since no hand is required to fix the drive means against rotation. At the same time, the holder provides a possibility to temporarily or permanently couple the drive means with the descender, so that the drive means can be reliably stored during the work of a user.

At the same time, the holder ensures that when lowering the traction means connected to the holder drive means is not twisted, so that the user from injury from the rotational movement or by

Deflecting the drive means is protected.

Conveniently, the holder has a receptacle for a handle of the drive means, which can be locked for fixing the drive means. This recording is expediently applied to a peripheral region of the handle, which is tapered with respect to adjacent regions, so that slipping out of the receptacle is prevented. This makes it necessary to record each time you remove or insert the It is a high propulsion to open and re-lock the drive

Security against falling guaranteed. Ideally, the power supply of the drive means, which is frequently arranged in the region of the handle, can be changed in this case, while the receptacle fixes the drive means as a whole further on the handle. It is possible to provide further receptacles or latches to lock the drive means in addition, however, it is expedient to provide only a single lockable receptacle because of the frequently offered one-handed operation. The receptacle may according to a simple embodiment, for example, contain two parallel or mutually V-shaped struts, which may include the handle on both sides and thus form the rotation of the drive means. In addition, through the two struts a

Be guided locking pin, which also locks the drive means with the two struts. Preferably, however, it is provided that the receptacle is designed as a resealable ring in the manner of an unlockable cable tie. As a result, different dimensions of handles of drive means can be coupled to the abseil device, wherein the reclosable ring allows frequent opening and closing, and in particular contains no parts that can fall down during operation. The locking lever of the unlockable cable tie can be unlocked with one hand, for example with the thumb, while the rest of the hand holding the drive means and then can pull out of the receptacle, so that a particularly cheap and easy security against falling when removing the drive means is given. The resealable ring may alternatively be designed differently, for example in the manner of a belt with different perforations or with an optionally enforceable by a mandrel strip material. Also, other locks, for example, with magnetic pairs or Velcro, come into consideration.

Conveniently, the holder on the descender is secured against rotation, so that the by the operation of the drive means in the

Holder introduced torques not to a relative movement of Guide bracket and other descender.

According to a preferred embodiment, it is provided that the holder has a length-adjustable portion, so that drive means of different dimensions and in particular different length, including those with different lengths chucks or drive shafts, with the

Descender can be combined. For this purpose, the adjustable length portion may for example be formed telescopically, but particularly preferably provided that the adjustable length portion in a central region between the receptacle and a

Coupling portion, with which the holder is connected to the support member is provided, and that the adjustable length portion is fixed in terms of its length. For example, two mutually coupled struts can be connected to one another via a perforated profile, wherein the different perforations are assigned to different drive means. As a rule, the make of the drive means is not changed during use, a setting is made quite rarely.

It is possible that the bracket between an output shaft of the

Drive means and an input shaft of the abseiling device arranged

Supporting intermediate links. Example of such intermediate links are coaxial shaft sections, which are taken to each other to a certain load, but also backstops in the manner of a gun, engageable freewheels, extensions, gears, or other parts in which a transmitted torque from the drive means must be supported. It is understood that the holder can also have several areas insofar, and in particular can also contain parts of the housing of the abseiling device.

Conveniently, the holder is parallel to an axis of the

Guidance arrangement arranged so that in particular the drive shaft of the drive means can also be aligned parallel to the axis of the guide arrangement, so that the output from the drive shaft torque of either the guide assembly supporting axis or a parallel thereto and coupled to the axis of the guide assembly via a transmission axis can be supplied. It is alternatively possible, via a bevel gear or the like, to provide the input shaft of the descender inclined to the axis of the guide assembly, in which case the holder is designed accordingly. For example, in a bevel gear assembly, the input shaft of the descender may be directed substantially upwardly, thereby requiring the drive means to be disposed with a drive shaft extending downwardly. This position of the

Drive means is supported, for example, by a holder designed in the manner of a holster, which is connected to one side of the housing of the abseiling device, wherein the tip of the halter is aligned with the input shaft. This particularly compact and compact

Arrangement makes it possible in particular to arrange a handwheel as a further drive means.

The holding member is suitably selected from the group

comprising a housing or a housing part of the abseiling device, a connected to the abseiling device ring, snap hook, shackle or eye, and provided on the abseiling device or connected receiving feed, or similar components. If the holder is supported on a housing or a housing part of the abseiling device, it is expedient that the

Holder can be connected according to the housing part, for example by a depression or a receiving feed is provided. Conveniently, therefore, the holder is connected to a connected to the descender shackle or the like, wherein the axial locking expediently a Sicherungssplint is provided which passes through either one or both sides of the shackle bracket. Here, the holder is suitably designed so that a

Twist around its own, the shackle passing through axis is prevented, so that the holder always points in the same direction, regardless of whether a drive means is connected or not.

Preferably, a mechanical torque limiter decouples this Drive means and the traction means - or the traction means leading

Leadership arrangement - when a threshold value of the

Torque. The mechanical torque limiter can be provided within the abseiling device, but it is expediently provided on a shoulder for the motor drive means. According to a first preferred embodiment, the mechanical torque limiter is integrated in a handwheel which is assigned to an input shaft of the abseiling device. Alternatively, the mechanical torque limiter can be provided at any point between the output shaft of the motor drive means and traction means, and instead of a unitary design with the handwheel is also an arrangement as a separate intermediate member between a

Drive shaft and an output shaft into consideration. The mechanical

Torque limiter is appropriate to a threshold value of

Torque adjusted, which is tuned to the entire system of the descender to avoid injury to a person to be sheltered. The uniform design ensures that even when using

Oversized motor drive means always only for the

Descender is transmitted maximum permissible force. According to one aspect, there is provided a reciprocating apparatus comprising a bidirectionally rotatable guide assembly for guiding a traction means, wherein a drive means is provided with the guide assembly for actuating the traction means

Guide arrangement is connectable. In this case, it is further provided that a mechanical torque limiter decouples the drive means and the traction means - or the guide arrangement guiding the traction means - which decouples when a threshold value of the torque is exceeded. As a result, it is advantageously achieved that as a result the torque acting on the traction means does not exceed a certain upper limit. As a result, the lifting device with the traction means can advantageously be used for lifting persons, in particular injured persons, without the risk that the person to be lifted will be injured by a drive means which develops an excessive torque. Another advantage is that the forces that are introduced into the lifting device, at least in the mechanical Torque limiters downstream part of the lifting device are limited, so that in particular moving parts that are in mechanical engagement, be spared, such as gears, locking device or the like. The mechanical torque limiter decouples

Preferably, in any case, the drive means and the guide means guiding the traction means when a threshold value of the

Torque.

The lifting device makes it possible in particular to connect external drive means directly or indirectly with the guide arrangement, the

Torque that often exceeds the torque required for a person recovery, and are usually not allowed to operate the guide assembly because of the associated risk of injury. As a result, the lifting device can be coupled without danger of injury to the person or load to be lifted with an external drive means, and thus also other than manual force are transmitted to the traction means.

Preferably, the lifting device has one or more of the features described above for the descender, for example, a braking device, etc. In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the lifting device on an integrated descender.

In one aspect, the use of a mechanical

Torque limiters specified as overload protection in a descender or lifting device, which has a rotatable in both directions guide arrangement for guiding a traction means and a braking device coupled to the guide device, wherein a drive means with the

Guide arrangement for actuating the guide assembly is connectable. Further advantages, features and characteristics of the invention will become apparent from the following description of a preferred embodiment and from the appended claims. The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings with reference to preferred embodiments.

Fig. 1 shows an end view of a first embodiment of a descender according to the invention.

Fig. 2 shows a section along the line II-II through the descender

Fig.1.

Fig. 3 shows an end view of another embodiment of a descender according to the invention 1 10th

4 shows a section along the line IV-IV through the descender of FIG. 3.

Fig. 5 shows a side view of another preferred

Embodiment of a descender according to the invention. FIG. 6 shows a section along the line VI-VI through the descender device from FIG. 5.

Fig. 7 shows in a cross-section enlarged the pulley of

Descender of Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 shows a perspective view of another

Embodiment of a descender according to the invention. FIG. 9 shows a side view of the abseiling device of FIG. 8. FIG.

10 shows a perspective view of the abseiling device from FIG. 8 and FIG

9 from a different angle.

Fig. 1 1 shows a cross section through the descender of Fig. 8 to 10. Fig. 12 shows a perspective view of the holder of the abseiling device of Fig. 8 to 1. 1

Fig. 13 shows the holder of Fig. 12 in a view from above.

Fig. 1 and 2 show a descender 10, which in the present case is a descender with gear, as will be explained in more detail below. It can be seen that the descender 10 can be suspended via a snap hook 1 1, which is connected to a pin 12. The end 12a of the pin 12 is formed as a hook. The descender 10 comprises a housing 13, which consists of a first

Housing part 14, the so-called brake housing, and a second

Housing part 15, the so-called pulley housing, which are interconnected, is composed. The brake housing 14 is closed by a brake housing cover 16 by means of three screws 17, one of which is shown in Fig. 2, the pulley housing 15 is closed by a pulley housing cover 18 which is connected by two screws 19 to the pulley housing 15. Three screws, one screw 20 of which is shown in FIG. 2, connect the pulley housing 15 to the brake housing 14.

In the housing 13 are each a first shaft 21 and a second shaft 22 are arranged, which are coupled together via a gear 23. The first shaft protrudes axially beyond the brake housing cover 16 and is in the

Brake housing cover 16 and stored in the pulley housing 15 circumferentially. The first shaft 21 has a circumferentially toothed portion 21 a, which meshes with a gear 24 which is integral with the second shaft 22, and is in gear engagement to form the gear 23. The ratio of the peripheries of the teeth of a first gear 24th

forming the toothed portion 21 a and the gear 24 is approximately 1 to 9, so that a reduction gear is provided, in which the second shaft 22 rotates once when the first shaft 21 rotates nine times.

The second shaft 22 with the gear 24 is mounted one end in the brake housing 14 and other ends mounted in the pulley housing cover 18. On the second shaft 22 sits a designed as a pulley 25

Guiding arrangement for a trained as a rope 26 traction means, which is guided in a circumferential, V-shaped profile 27 of the pulley 25. An extension of the second shaft 22 protrudes beyond the pulley housing cover 18 and protrudes into a locking arrangement formed as a ratchet head 28, which is reversibly designed to lock the rotational movement of the second shaft 22 and thus also of the first shaft 21 and of the transmission 23. It can be seen that the second shaft 22 centrally in an opening of a

Partition wall 15 a of the pulley housing 15 is supported, which at the same time separates the pulley 25 from the second gear 24 spatially. As a result, the pulley 25 is arranged almost in a separate chamber, which is open in Fig. 1 downwards, so that the two ends of the rope 26, which are circumferentially guided in the profile 27, look down from the housing 13. As a result, the region of the second gear 24 including the gear engagement with the first gear 21 a is advantageously protected from encapsulation and encapsulated.

To the first shaft 21 is designed as a centrifugal brake 30

Connected brake assembly that causes a brake force when exceeding a certain rotational speed of the first shaft 21 and the rotational movement of the transmission 23 brakes total.

To the over the brake housing cover 16 protruding portion of the first shaft 21, a sleeve member 31 of a mechanical torque limiter 33 is connected, which is rotatably connected, for example via a hexagonal head of the first shaft 21 with the first shaft 21. Inserted into the sleeve part 31 is a plug-in part 32 of the torque limiter 33, wherein the threshold value up to the torques which are introduced into the plug-in part 32 are transmitted to the sleeve part 31 is 20 Newton meters (Nm). Radially to the male part 32, a handwheel 34 is connected, which is suitable as a drive means for the first shaft for manual actuation thereof.

In the plug-in part 32 of the mechanical torque limiter 33, a receiving opening 32 a is provided on the side facing away from the first shaft 21, whose dimensions from the above hexagon

Sleeve part 31 / shaft 21 are different. In the receiving opening 32 a, an external drive means such as a cordless screwdriver or the like can be used to apply a motor torque to the first shaft 21 instead of the manually applied rotational force. From the external drive means, a hexagon 35 is shown schematically; It is understood that this can be set in motion by very different motor drives. Is the torque of the manually or motor applied

Torque on the torque limiter 33 below the

Threshold of 20 Nm, the torque is virtually undiminished on the first shaft 31 and via the gear 23 to the second shaft 22nd

transferred, so that the force introduced causes a rotation of the pulley 25, and accordingly a raising or lowering of this

connected traction means 26, depending on the direction of rotation. If the introduced torque exceeds 20 Nm, a maximum torque of 20 Nm is transmitted to the first shaft 21, while the slippage between the sleeve part 31 and the plug-in part 32 of the mechanical torque limiter 33 effects a torque limitation.

By thus set torque limit, for example, prevents accidental wrong direction of rotation a positive locking in the area of the ratchet 28 is sheared off, or the gear 23 is damaged by the forces occurring. In particular, it is avoided by the torque limiter 33 that the traction means designed as a cable 26 with a load fastened thereto, in particular the load of a person to be sheltered, is subjected to a high torque, which can lead to serious injuries when pinched or the like.

The descender 1 10 according to FIGS. 3 and 4 is basically constructed as the descender 10 according to FIGS. 1 and 2, so that the same or structurally comparable parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, and substantially changed parts with 100 relative to the descender 10 incremented Reference numerals are designated.

Also, the descender 1 10 has a housing 13 with two housing halves 14, 15, which are each closed by a lid 16, 18, wherein at the the first shaft 21, a centrifugal brake 30 and a circumferential toothing in the manner of a gear 21 a is provided, while a second shaft 22, the pulley 25 and a large gear 24 carries. It can be seen further a handwheel 34 which is connected to the first shaft 21, wherein the

present embodiment of the handwheel 34 without mechanical

Torque limiter 33 is connected to the first shaft 21. It is understood that the handwheel 34 also with mechanical

Torque limiter 33 may be connected to the first shaft 21. It can further be seen that the part of the second shaft 22 projecting beyond the pulley housing cover 18 protrudes into a bevel gear housing 140 and is formed there in the manner of a bevel gear 141 which rotates together with the second shaft 22. With the bevel gear 141 meshes with a right angle thereto arranged second bevel gear 142, which is disposed on an axis 144 which is held in the bevel gear housing 140. The two bevel gears 141, 142 form a bevel gear 143, which in the present case has neither reduction nor translation, since the bevel gear diameter in the present embodiment match. But it is possible to provide here a reduction or transmission ratio.

The axis 144 is in a horizontal plane from the

Bevel gear housing 140 and is coupled to a sleeve portion 131 of a mechanical torque limiter 133 via a radial pin 144 a. In the sleeve member 131, a plug-in part 132 of a mechanical torque limiter 133 is inserted, the axis of the 144th

abgekehrtes end has a receiving portion or a tool insert 132a, in which, for example, a rotating hexagon of a motor external drive can be used. Moreover, the descender 1 10 has a locking arrangement which is, however, connected to the first shaft 21 and the transmission 23 from first shaft 21 and second shaft 22 either in a direction of rotation of the pulley 25 or in the other direction of rotation of the pulley 25 by blocked positive engagement.

Now, if a motor tool 35 is inserted into the receptacle 132 a, torques are up to the threshold value of the mechanical

Torque limiter 133 transmitted to the bevel gear 143 and thus 1 to 1 to the second shaft 22. The corresponding torque is present at about 1 1 Nos.

5 to 7 show a descender 210, which is modified from the descender 10 of FIGS. 1 and 2, and in which the same reference numerals designate the same or structurally comparable parts as in the descender 10. Modified parts are with about 200 against the descender 10th

increment reference sign. The descender 210 again has in a housing 13, a brake housing 14 and a pulley housing 15 as housing parts, which are connected to each other, and each by the brake housing cover 15 and

Sheave housing cover 18 are closed. A first shaft 21 is in gear engagement with a second shaft 22, wherein on the first shaft 21, a centrifugal brake 30 is connected, and on the second shaft 22 a

Sheave 25 is connected. The gear engagement is achieved via a circumferentially toothed portion 21 a of the first shaft 21 and arranged on the second shaft 22 large gear 24. To a on the brake housing cover 16 projecting portion of the first shaft 21, a handwheel 34 is connected to a on the

Sheave housing cover 18 projecting portion of the second shaft 22, a locking assembly 28 is connected. In Fig. 7, the mechanical torque limiter 263 forming pulley 225 is shown in greater detail. The pulley 225 is formed in two parts and has a rotationally symmetrical about the axis of the second shaft 22 formed, first pulley half 261, which with a likewise rotationally symmetrically designed second pulley half 262 engages. The two pulley halves 261, 262 form the

mechanical torque limiter 263. The second shaft 22 passes through the pulley 225, and is in one

Guide tube 250 received circumferentially. The guide tube 250 has at its end facing the ratchet head 28 an inwardly directed end 250b, which has an end-side external toothing, on which a groove nut 251 is screwed. In the area of the external teeth and a piece far beyond, in Fig. 7 denoted by 250 c, the end 250 b has two inwardly projecting flattened areas, which with

according to the cylindrical shape of the second shaft 22nd

gutted flattening 22a and so on

ensure positive entrainment of the guide tube 250 with the second shaft 22. The two pulley halves 261, 262 are connected to the

Rotary movement of the second shaft 22 and the guide tube 250, on which both are arranged coupled.

The groove nut 251 has four each offset by 90 ° grooves 251 a and is disposed in a rear recess of the first pulley half 261. The groove nut 251 facing away from the end of the guide tube 250 is formed as an outwardly flared flange 250 a, which has a square basic shape, which is not clearly visible in Fig. 7. The square flange 250a fits snugly into a corresponding square recess 262a of the second pulley half 262, and thus takes the second pulley half 262 into rotation with it.

Between the flange portion 250a and a bottom of the recess 262a in the pulley half 262, a plate spring 264 is disposed. The

Belleville spring 264 biases the second sheave half 262 in the direction of the first sheave half 261 and compresses the two sheave halves 261, 262, so that these occur at low torques under the bias of the plate spring 264 at the same rotational speed rotate. For mutual coupling or entrainment in rotational movement, the two pulley halves 261, 262 in mating, projecting or receding facing areas 261 b, 262 b, which are complementary, so that a projection of the area 261 b in a

Return of the area 262b engages and / or vice versa, whereby the simultaneous rotation with the same speed of the two

Sheave halves 261, 262 is ensured. The projections and

By virtue of the fact that at least the second pulley half 262 in the axial direction (direction of the rotation axis of the second shaft 22) is not coupled to the guide tube 250, it can be separated from the first pulley half 261 are withdrawn against the bias of the plate spring 264. The pulley halves 261, 262 remain but for

Rotary drive through the area 261 b, 262 b engaged with each other.

If the torque introduced into the second shaft 22 is exceeded, the second pulley half 262 shifts away from the first pulley half 261 in the direction of the flange portion 250a against the bias of the plate spring 264, and the approximately U-shaped or V-shaped circumferential profile 227 of FIG Sheave 225 increases, so that the slip of a guided, in particular designed as a rope traction means 26 increases in approximately circular diameter. As a result, a mechanical torque limitation by the described embodiment of

Sheave 225 achieved by only a certain maximum torque is transmitted to the cable 26. Decisive for the slip of the rope 26 relative to the sheave 225 is the widened profile 227, which holds the cable 26 less clamped and thus prevents transmission of the torque above the set threshold. Here, the pulley 225 has radial projections and depressions on the mutually facing, the cable 26 leading portions of

Pulley halves 261, 262 on which a slippage of the rope 26th

prevent. If now the pulley is subjected to a torque, the is greater than a set threshold, this causes the rope 26 moves radially closer to the axis of rotation of the second shaft 22. Due to the thickness of the cable 26, the second sheave half 262 is then displaced axially against the bias of the spring 264, which in turn increases the slip for the rope and thus the torque is not completely transmitted to the cable 26. For this purpose, the spring 264, the material and the dimensions of the cable 26 and the profiling of the sheave 225 are finely tuned to each other, so that the threshold value of the transmitted torque is set in a suitable range.

After removal of the handwheel 34 and a motor-driven, schematically illustrated nut 235 can be plugged onto the first shaft 21 to drive the pulley 225. It is understood that it is equally possible to decouple a pulley from the second shaft 22, that a mechanical torque limiter as the torque limiter shown in Fig. 2 33 33 arranged with a sleeve member 31 in a male part 32 in extension of the shaft 22 is, wherein the sleeve part is radially coupled to the pulley.

The abseiling device 310 according to FIGS. 8 to 11 is fundamentally constructed in the same way as the abseiling device 10 according to FIGS. 1 and 2, so that the same or structurally comparable parts are designated by the same reference symbols, and essentially changed parts with respect to the descender 10 are denoted by 300 incremented reference numerals.

The abseiling device 310 has a housing 13 with two housing halves 14, 15, which are each closed by a cover 16, 18, wherein on a first shaft 21, a centrifugal brake 30 and a peripheral toothing 21 a is provided while a second shaft 22, the pulley 25 and a large gear 24 carries. One recognizes further

Handwheel 34 which is connected to the first shaft 21, wherein a

mechanical torque limiter 33 with a sleeve part 31 and a Plug-in part 32 is integrated in the handwheel 34. In particular, in the sectional view of FIG. 1 1 can be seen the first shaft 21, the second shaft 22, the gear 23, the gears 21 a and 24 and the pulley 25, which performs the trained as a rope 26 traction means.

FIG. 8 shows that a drive means 335 designed as a cordless screwdriver has a drive shaft 335a in the form of a hexagon

Receiving opening 32 a of the male part 32 of a mechanical

Drehmomentenbegrenzers 33 is used, which lancing part 32 forms a torque limiter with the sleeve part 31. The male part 31 and the sleeve part 32 are integrated in the handwheel 34, wherein the mechanical

Torque limiter 33 does not transmit the excess torque to the first shaft 21 at a torque exceeding 20 Nm. It can be seen that a control button 336 of the drive means 335 can be operated in the manner of a pistol trigger. Furthermore, it can be seen that a handle 337 of the drive means 335 substantially perpendicular to the axis of the

Hexagonal 335a trained drive shaft protrudes, wherein in the foot region of the handle 337 (always shown above) designed as a battery

Power supply is plugged into the handle 337 and out of this

can be taken out.

The handle 337 of the drive means 335 is connected via a holder 370 to the housing 13 of the abseiling device 310. For the connection of the handle 337, the holder 370 has a multiple reveal and lockable ring 371, which is designed in the manner of a resealable cable tie and whose length is adapted to the circumference of the handle 337 on. This ring 371, which can enclose handles 337 of different sizes and lock with the holder 370, makes it possible to handle different

Include drive means so that drive means of different manufacturers can be connected to the descender 310. For this purpose, a first belt 371 a with a pointed end and provided with a broad surface ribbing by a second belt 371 b, with a Locking mechanism is equipped, which can be actuated by a lever 371 c, passed and fixed by operating the lever 371 c.

The ring 371 facing away from the end of the holder 370 is formed as a square profile 372 and forms a coupling portion which is passed through a formed as a shackle or snap hook 1 1 holding member of the abseiling device 310 and which abuts an upwardly directed projection of the sheave housing cover 18. A bore 372b of the

Square profile 372 is hereby penetrated by a securing pin 373, which locks the square profile 372 against the snap hook 1 1. Thus, the axial mobility of the holder 370 is limited. It can be seen that further the underside of another, large snap hook 29 the

Snap hook 1 1 interspersed. Thus, the lead of the

Pulley housing cover 18 and the snap hook 1 1 each one

Holding member of Abseilgeräts, where the coupling portion 372 of

Holder 370 can be fixed.

Between the square profile 372 and the ring 371, a central region 374 is provided, which consists of two cylindrical, collapsible

Sections 374a, 374b, wherein at least the cylindrical portion 374b is hollow. It can be seen that holes 375 are provided radially to the axis of the two cylindrical sections 374a, 374b, of which one is penetrated by a locking pin 376. The locking pin 376 penetrates both the inner cylindrical portion 374a and the outer cylindrical portion 374b and connects them via aligned pairs of holes. It will be understood that latch pin 376 is coupled via a corresponding connection to bracket 370 to prevent it from falling. The length adjustment of the holder 370 then takes place in that the locking pin 376 two aligned radial bores 375 of the inner cylindrical portion 374 a and the outer cylindrical

Section 374b interspersed. In this case, the locking pin 376 passing through the bores 375 is dimensioned correspondingly large, so that it can be turned into an im

Essentially play-free connection of the two sections 374a, 375b comes.

It can be seen that the holder 370 on the holding member, in the present embodiment together the housing 13 with the

Sheave housing cover 18 and the snap hook 1 1, is set so that the holder 370 with respect to the housing 13 practically does not move. It can also be seen that the drive means 335 is held in the ring 371, so that the axis of the formed as a hexagon

Drive shaft 335 a of the drive means 335 with the receptacle 32 a of the

Plug part 32 is aligned, so that the drive shaft 335 a is inserted into the receptacle 32 a. Thus, the abseiling device 310 with the holder 370 and the drive means 335 forms a stable structural unit which makes it possible to operate the motor drive means 335 with its operating button 336, as it were, with one finger. Here, the holder 370 takes the countermovement to the

Rotary movement of the drive shaft 335 a, so that this rotary force is not introduced into the hand of an operator.

It is understood that it is possible to connect further parts of the drive means 335, for example those which are not intended to be rotated, to the holder 370. For example, an arm extending vertically from the central portion 374 could form another ring that engages around a portion of the drive means 335 near the operating button 336. Further, it is possible to connect the holder 370 also with other parts or intermediate members, which are provided between the drive means and the first shaft 21.

FIGS. 12 and 13 show the holder 370 detached from the descender 310. It can be seen that the holder can be modified in various respects. For example, instead of a holder with essentially a central axis, a holder with two lateral axes can also be provided.

The invention is explained above with reference to an embodiment has been in which the motor drive means 335 attaches with its drive shaft 335 a substantially in axial extension of the first shaft 21. It is understood that depending on the trained entrance of the shaft of the descender also other positions of the motor drive means are possible. A particularly advantageous arrangement is given, for example, when the motor drive means can be arranged parallel to a plane of the cover 16, 18, since then the holder, the motor drive means on a

Rotation hinders, can be made quite short construction, for example, as connected to the housing 13 clamp or ring which engages around the motor drive means.

The invention has been explained above with reference to an embodiment in which the receptacle 32a, in which the drive shaft 335a is used, is provided on an outwardly facing end face of the handwheel 34. It is understood that the receptacle 32a may be provided in an end face of the housing when no handwheel belongs to the descender. Further, for better insertion of the drive shaft 335a

Inlet cone be formed on the receptacle 32a. The invention has been explained above with reference to an embodiment in which the holder 370 is detachably connected to the holding member. It is understood that the holder can also be connected inseparably and / or in one piece with the holding component, an attachment or the housing 13.

The invention has been explained above with reference to embodiments in which the trained as centrifugal brake 30 braking device and designed as a pulley 25 guide assembly on two different shafts 21, 22 are arranged. It is understood that a brake device or a centrifugal brake and a guide arrangement or pulley can also be arranged on a common shaft, wherein the drive means, handwheel 34 or external motor drive means, then on the same shaft or on an axis coupled via a transmission can be recognized. If the centrifugal brake is located on the same shaft as the sheave, the mechanical torque limiter can be arranged either in the region of the attachment for the drive means or between the shaft and sheave or rope.

The invention has been described above with reference to embodiments in which between the motor external drive means and the pulley 25, 225 each have a mechanical torque limiter is arranged, via a gear 23, 143 a torque on the

Sheave transfers. It is understood that between the pulley and the mechanical Drehmomentbegrenzer not necessarily a transmission must be provided, or that the transmission may also be listed differently than described, for example as a planetary gear, hydraulic transmission, linkage or the like.

The invention has been described above with reference to embodiments in which the mechanical torque limiter 33, 133, a sleeve member 31, 131 and a male part 32, 132, wherein the motor drive means is insertable in a receptacle 32 a of the male part. It is understood that sleeve part and plug-in part can also be reversed in their order, or that completely different mechanical design

Torque limiters can be used. In particular, electromechanical torque limiters can be used in addition to mechanical torque limiters, in which a sensor detects the torque and correspondingly throttles the transmission of the torque to the threshold value.

The invention has been explained above with reference to embodiments in which as a drive means both a handwheel 34 and an external motor drive means 35, 235, 335 comes into consideration. It is understood that instead of the hand wheel and a motor drive means can be fixedly coupled to the descender 10, 1 10, 210, which

for example, via an internal or external power supply operable is. Furthermore, it is understood that the handwheel 34 and the locking assembly 28 need not necessarily be arranged on different shafts, but can also attack on the same shaft, and that it can stand by on which of the two shafts 21, 22, the locking assembly 28 or the handwheel 34 attacks.

The invention has been explained above with reference to embodiments in which the external drive means are applied substantially in a horizontal axis. It is understood that it is also possible to provide the coupling with the pulley so that the drive means can also be applied in a vertical axis or in an oblique axis, which may be more easily accessible to an operator. The invention has been explained above with reference to exemplary embodiments in which the traction means designed as a cable 26 is decoupled from the drive. This is also true when no rope is inserted in the descender. The invention has been explained above with reference to embodiments in which the mechanical torque limiter is provided outside the transmission connection 23, 143. It is understood that the mechanical torque limiter can also be provided between a shaft and a gear arranged on the shaft. In this case, in particular one of plug-in part and sleeve part may be formed with a peripheral toothing.

The invention has been explained above with reference to an embodiment in which the motor drive means outside the housing of the abseiling device 10, 1 10, 210 is provided. It is understood that that

motor drive means also within the housing or in a further housing part, which is connected to the housing, may be provided to form a compact unit. In this case, the drive can also be in be reversible in its direction of rotation, and in particular the switching of the drive with the latches of the locking device or ratchet 28 may be coupled to thereby ensure that the

Shaft is rotated in each case in the right direction.

The invention has been explained above with reference to embodiments in which the mechanical torque limiter has a fixed torque transmission threshold and does not transmit torques exceeding the threshold. It is understood that the abseiling device can also have a plurality of torque limiters, or that the torque limiter can also be designed to be adjustable with regard to the threshold value.

The invention has been explained above with reference to exemplary embodiments, in which the guide arrangement is designed as a pulley 25, 225 configured with a circumferential V-shaped recess. It is understood that other guide rollers, or sheaves with other contours, including guide rollers with a cylindrical or conical profile, for guiding a rope 26 are possible.

The invention has been explained above with reference to embodiments in which the braking device is designed as a centrifugal brake 30. It is understood that the braking device also by others

Brake types can be realized.

The invention has been explained above with reference to embodiments in which the descender with a Abseilunktion can lift a load with limited torque. It is understood that these descending devices can also be used only for lifting, in particular as Rettungshubgerät, in which case the braking device can be disabled or omitted.

The invention is explained above with reference to exemplary embodiments have been arranged in which the mechanical torque limiter 33, 133, 263 at various installation locations between the drive means and traction means 26 and guide assembly 25, 225. It is understood that particularly preferred the mechanical torque limiter outside the

Transmission connection 23 of guide assembly 25, 225 and braking device 30 is provided in order not to affect the abseiling and braking function when rappelling.

The invention has been explained above with reference to abseiling devices 10, 110, 201, which are also lifting devices at the same time. It is understood that at

Omitting the abseiling device-specific assemblies a lifting device according to the invention arises, or otherwise a combined abseiling and lifting device.

Claims

1 . Descender, comprising

a guide assembly (25; 225) rotatable in both directions for guiding a traction means (26); and

a brake device (30) coupled to the guide assembly (25; 225);

wherein a drive means (35; 235; 335) is connectable to the guide arrangement (25; 225) for actuating the guide arrangement (25; 225), characterized

in that a mechanical torque limiter (33; 133; 263) decouples the drive means (34; 35; 235; 335) and the guide arrangement (25; 225) or the traction means (26) when a torque threshold is exceeded.

2. descender according to claim 1, characterized in that the

Braking device is designed as a centrifugal brake (30).

3. descender according to claim 1, characterized in that the

mechanical torque limiter (33; 133; 263) is arranged between the drive means (34; 35; 235; 335) and the guide arrangement (25; 225).

4. abseiling device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the mechanical torque limiter (33) is part of

Drive means (34).

5. abseiling device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the mechanical torque limiter (33) on a brake device (30) having shaft (21) is arranged.

6. abseiling device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the mechanical Drehmomentbegrenzbegrenzer (263) on a guide assembly (225) having shaft (22) is arranged.

7. abseiling device according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the shaft (21; 22) in a rotational direction by a locking arrangement (28) positively lockable and in the opposite

Direction of rotation is released.

8. abseiling device according to claim 7, characterized in that the

positive locking can be switched to both directions of rotation

9. descender according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the locking is effected by a ratchet or a spring-loaded bolt.

A descender according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the locking arrangement (28) comprises a switch which selectively engages one of two pawls for positive locking engagement and disengages the other of two pawls.

1 1. Descender according to one of the preceding claims, characterized

in that the guide arrangement (25; 225) has a

Transmission (23) is coupled to the braking device (30).

12. abseiling device according to claim 1 1, that the transmission (23) has a first shaft (21) on which the braking device (30) is arranged, and that the transmission (23) has a second shaft (22) on which the

Guide arrangement (25; 225) is arranged.

13. descender according to one of claims 1 1 or 12, characterized

characterized in that a first gear (21 a) of the transmission (23) a common first shaft (21) with the braking device (30) is mounted, and that a second gear (24) of the transmission (23) torque-proof on a common second shaft (22) with the guide assembly (25; 225) is mounted, and that the first gear (21 a) meshes with the second gear (24), and that the first gear is formed as a small gear and the second gear as a large gear (24).

14. descender according to one of the preceding claims, characterized

characterized in that the mechanical torque limiter (33; 133; 263) comprises two plug-in parts (32; 132) and sleeve (31; 131) inserted into one another which exceed the threshold value of the

Torque generate mutual slip.

15. abseiling device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized

characterized in that the mechanical torque limiter (263) comprises two halves (261, 262) of the guide arrangement (225) which jointly guide the traction means (26) and, when the traction means (26) are exceeded

Threshold of the torque allow mutual slip or slippage of the traction means (26) relative to the guide assembly (225).

16. abseiling device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive means is a device (34) for manual actuation of the abseiling device.

17. abseiling device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized

characterized in that the drive means is a motor drive (35; 235; 335), such as an impact wrench, a pneumatic drill, a hydraulic turbine, an internal combustion engine or a cordless screwdriver.

18. descender according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the drive means (35; 235; 335) has a

integrated torque limiter contains, and that the

mechanical torque limiter (33; 133; 263) has a lower threshold than the integrated torque limiter.

19. abseiling device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized

in that the guide arrangement is designed as a rotatably mounted guide roller or pulley (25), and that the traction means is designed as a cable (26), and that the cable (26) is laid about 180 ° about the guide arrangement (25; is redirected

20. abseiling device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized

characterized in that the drive means (35; 235; 335) in one

Holder (370) is receivable, and that the holder (370) on a holding member (1 1) of the abseiling device can be fixed.

21. Descending device according to claim 20, characterized in that the

Mounting (370) has a receptacle (371) for a handle (337) of the

Drive means (335) which is lockable for fixing the drive means (335), that the holder (370) on the holding member (1 1) is secured against rotation that the holder (370) has a length-adjustable portion (374) in that the holder (370) is arranged parallel to an axis of the guide arrangement (25; 225).

22 descender according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that the holder (370) between an output shaft of the drive means and an input shaft of the abseiling device arranged intermediate members is supported, and that the holding member (1 1) is selected from the group comprising a housing (13 ) or housing part (14:15) of the

Descender, a ring attached to the descender,

Snap hook (1 1), shackle or eyelet, and provided on the descender or attached food intake.