EP3206788A1 - Procede de reduction photocatalytique du dioxyde de carbone mettant en oeuvre un photocatalyseur composite - Google Patents
Procede de reduction photocatalytique du dioxyde de carbone mettant en oeuvre un photocatalyseur compositeInfo
- Publication number
- EP3206788A1 EP3206788A1 EP15775204.9A EP15775204A EP3206788A1 EP 3206788 A1 EP3206788 A1 EP 3206788A1 EP 15775204 A EP15775204 A EP 15775204A EP 3206788 A1 EP3206788 A1 EP 3206788A1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- semiconductor
- photocatalyst
- particles
- carbon dioxide
- metallic state
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/40—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by dimensions, e.g. grain size
- B01J35/45—Nanoparticles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
- B01J35/39—Photocatalytic properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/19—Catalysts containing parts with different compositions
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/03—Precipitation; Co-precipitation
- B01J37/031—Precipitation
- B01J37/035—Precipitation on carriers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/34—Irradiation by, or application of, electric, magnetic or wave energy, e.g. ultrasonic waves ; Ionic sputtering; Flame or plasma spraying; Particle radiation
- B01J37/341—Irradiation by, or application of, electric, magnetic or wave energy, e.g. ultrasonic waves ; Ionic sputtering; Flame or plasma spraying; Particle radiation making use of electric or magnetic fields, wave energy or particle radiation
- B01J37/344—Irradiation by, or application of, electric, magnetic or wave energy, e.g. ultrasonic waves ; Ionic sputtering; Flame or plasma spraying; Particle radiation making use of electric or magnetic fields, wave energy or particle radiation of electromagnetic wave energy
- B01J37/345—Irradiation by, or application of, electric, magnetic or wave energy, e.g. ultrasonic waves ; Ionic sputtering; Flame or plasma spraying; Particle radiation making use of electric or magnetic fields, wave energy or particle radiation of electromagnetic wave energy of ultraviolet wave energy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C1/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon
- C07C1/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon from oxides of a carbon
- C07C1/12—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon from oxides of a carbon from carbon dioxide with hydrogen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2521/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium
- C07C2521/06—Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
- C07C2523/06—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of zinc, cadmium or mercury
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
- C07C2523/08—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of gallium, indium or thallium
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- C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
- C07C2523/10—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of rare earths
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
- C07C2523/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of noble metals
- C07C2523/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
- C07C2523/42—Platinum
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- C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
- C07C2523/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of noble metals
- C07C2523/48—Silver or gold
- C07C2523/52—Gold
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- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
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- C07C2523/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of noble metals
- C07C2523/54—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of noble metals combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups C07C2523/02 - C07C2523/36
- C07C2523/56—Platinum group metals
- C07C2523/62—Platinum group metals with gallium, indium, thallium, germanium, tin or lead
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- C07C2523/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of noble metals
- C07C2523/54—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of noble metals combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups C07C2523/02 - C07C2523/36
- C07C2523/56—Platinum group metals
- C07C2523/63—Platinum group metals with rare earths or actinides
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- C07C2523/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- C07C2523/72—Copper
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- C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
- C07C2523/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- C07C2523/89—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with noble metals
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/141—Feedstock
Definitions
- the field of the invention is that of the photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) under irradiation by the use of a particular photocatalyst, preferably containing a supported core-layer type architecture.
- Fossil fuels such as coal, oil and natural gas
- combustion produces carbon dioxide emissions which are considered to be the main cause of global warming.
- C0 2 emissions there is a growing need to mitigate C0 2 emissions, either by capturing it or by transforming it.
- CCS carbon capture and sequestration
- Such a strategy is the reduction of carbon dioxide into valuable products.
- the reduction of carbon dioxide can be carried out biologically, thermally, electrochemically or photocatalytically.
- photocatalytic C0 2 reduction is gaining increased attention as it can potentially consume alternative forms of energy by exploiting solar energy, which is abundant, cheap, and ecologically clean and safe.
- C1 carbonaceous molecules or more such as CO, methane, methanol, ethanol, formaldehyde, formic acid or other molecules such as carboxylic acids, aldehydes, ketones or different alcohols.
- CO carbonaceous molecules
- methane methane
- methanol ethanol
- formaldehyde formic acid or other molecules
- carboxylic acids aldehydes, ketones or different alcohols.
- These molecules can find an energy utility directly, such as methanol, ethanol, formic acid or even methane and all hydrocarbons Ci + .
- the CO carbon monoxide can also be valorized energetically in a mixture with hydrogen for the formation of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis fuels.
- the molecules of carboxylic acids, aldehydes, ketones or different alcohols can be used in chemical or petrochemical processes. All these molecules are therefore of great interest from an industrial point of view.
- Halmann et al. (Solar Energy, 31, 4, 429-431, 1983) evaluated the performances of three semiconductors (Ti0 2 , SrTi0 3 and CaTiO 3 ) for the photocatalytic reduction of CO 2 in an aqueous medium. They notice the production of formaldehyde, formic acid and methanol.
- Photocatalysts based on TiO 2 on which platinum nanoparticles are deposited are known to convert a mixture of CO 2 and H 2 O in the gas phase to methane (QH, Zhang et al., Catal, Today, 148, p. 335-340, 2009).
- Photocatalysts based on TiO 2 loaded with gold nanoparticles are also known from the literature for the photocatalytic reduction of CO 2 in the gas phase (SC Roy et al., ACS Nano, 4, 3, pp. 1259-1278, 2010) and in the aqueous phase (W. Hou et al., ACS Catal., 1, pp. 929-936, 201 1).
- Liou et al. (Energy Sci., 4, pp. 1487-1494, 201 1) used NiO-doped InaO 4 photocatalysts to reduce CO 2 to CH 3 OH.
- the object of the invention is to propose a new, sustainable and more efficient way of producing carbon molecules that are valorized by photocatalytic conversion of carbon dioxide using an electromagnetic energy, implementing a photocatalyst containing a first semi -conductor SC1 in direct contact with particles comprising one or more element (s) M in the metal state selected from an element of groups IVB, VB, VIB, VIIB, VIIIB, IB, MB, NIA, IVA and VA of the periodic classification of the elements, said particles being in direct contact with a second semiconductor SC2 so that the second semiconductor SC2 covers at least 50% of the surface of the particles comprising one or more element (s) M to the metallic state.
- photocatalysts containing semiconductors especially photocatalysts composed of core-layer particles on the surface of a semiconductor substrate are known in the state of the art.
- C. Li et al J. Hydrogen Energy, 37, pp. 6431-6437, 2012
- H. Tada (Nature Materials, 5, pp. 782-786, 2006) proposes a solid based on hemispherical particles having a layer of CdS around an Au core, which particles are deposited on the semiconductor Ti0 2 . It is also known from the open literature (L. Ding et al., Int.J. Hydrogen Energy, 38, pp. 8244-8253, 2013) to implement in photocatalytic conversion of H 2 0 in H 2 a a solid having the CdS-Au-TiO 2 structure , CdS and Au being constitutive of nanoparticles such that the CdS is in the form of a layer around an Au core, these nanoparticles being deposited on a TiO 2 support.
- the invention describes a process for photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide carried out in the liquid phase and / or in the gas phase under irradiation using a photocatalyst containing a first semiconductor SC1, particles comprising one or more element (s) M in the metallic state selected from an element of groups IVB, VB, VIB, VIIB, VIIIB, IB, MB, NIA, IVA and VA of the periodic table of elements, and a second semiconductor SC2, said first semiconductor SC1 being in direct contact with said particles comprising one or more element (s) M in the metallic state, said particles being in direct contact with said second semiconductor SC2 so that the second semiconductor SC2 covers at least 50% of the surface of the particles comprising one or more element (s) M in the metallic state, said method comprising the following steps: a) a filler containing carbon dioxide and at least one sacrificial compound is contacted with said photocatalyst, b) the photocatalyst is irradiated with at least one irradiation
- the sacrificial compound is a gaseous compound chosen from water, ammonia, hydrogen, methane and an alcohol.
- the sacrificial compound is a soluble liquid or solid compound chosen from water, ammonia, an alcohol, an aldehyde or an amine.
- a diluent fluid is present in steps a) and / or b).
- the irradiation source is a source of artificial or natural irradiation.
- the first semiconductor SC1 is in direct contact with the second semiconductor SC2.
- said first semiconductor SC1 forms a support, said support contains at its surface core-layer type particles, said layer being formed by said semiconductor SC2, said core being formed by said particles comprising one or several element (s) M in the metallic state.
- the respective content of semiconductors SC1 or SC2 is between 0.01 and 50% by weight relative to the total weight of the photocatalyst.
- the content of element (s) M in the metallic state is between 0.001% and 20% by weight relative to the total weight of the photocatalyst.
- the element M in the metallic state is chosen from platinum, palladium, gold, nickel, cobalt, ruthenium, silver, copper, rhenium or rhodium.
- the semiconductors SC1 and SC2 are independently chosen from an inorganic, organic or organic-inorganic semiconductor.
- the semiconductor SC1 is chosen from TiO 2 , ZnO, WO 3 , Fe 2 O 3 , and ZnFe 2 O 4 .
- the semiconductor SC2 is selected from Cu 2 0, Ce 2 0 3 , In 2 0 3 , SiC, ZnS, and In 2 S 3 .
- the photocatalyst comprises a support composed of a SC1 semiconductor chosen from TiO 2 , ZnO, WO 3 , Fe 2 O 3 and ZnFe 2 O 4 containing, on its surface, core-layer particles, said core being composed of one or more element (s) M in the metallic state selected from platinum, palladium, gold, nickel, cobalt, ruthenium, silver, copper, rhenium or rhodium, said layer consisting of a semiconductor SC2, selected from Cu 2 O, Ce 2 O 3 , In 2 O 3 .
- SC1 semiconductor chosen from TiO 2 , ZnO, WO 3 , Fe 2 O 3 and ZnFe 2 O 4 containing, on its surface, core-layer particles, said core being composed of one or more element (s) M in the metallic state selected from platinum, palladium, gold, nickel, cobalt, ruthenium, silver, copper, rhenium or rhodium, said layer consisting of a semiconductor SC2, selected from Cu 2 O, Ce
- group VIII according to the CAS classification corresponds to the metals of columns 8, 9 and 10 according to the new IUPAC classification.
- the invention describes a method for photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide carried out in the liquid phase and / or in the gas phase under irradiation using a photocatalyst containing a first semiconductor SC1, particles comprising one or more element (s) M to the metallic state selected from an element of groups IVB, VB, VIB, VIIB, VIIIB, IB, MB, NIA, IVA and VA of the periodic table of elements, and a second semiconductor SC2, said first semiconductor SC1 being direct contact with said particles comprising one or more element (s) M in the metallic state, said particles being in direct contact with said second semiconductor SC2 so that the second semiconductor SC2 covers at least 50% of the surface of the particles having one or more element (s) M in the metallic state, said method comprising the following steps: a) contacts a filler containing carbon dioxide and at least one sacrificial compound with said photocatalyst, b) the photocatalyst is irradiated with at least one irradiation source producing at least one wavelength
- step a) of the process according to the invention a feedstock containing said carbon dioxide and at least one sacrificial compound is contacted with said photocatalyst.
- sacrificial compound an oxidizable compound.
- the sacrificial compound may be in gaseous or liquid form.
- C1 carbonaceous molecules or more means molecules resulting from the reduction of CO 2 containing one or more carbon atoms, with the exception of CO 2 .
- Such molecules are, for example, CO, methane, methanol, ethanol, formaldehyde, formic acid or other molecules such as carboxylic acids, aldehydes, ketones or different alcohols.
- the process according to the invention can be carried out in the liquid phase and / or in the gas phase.
- the filler treated according to the process is in gaseous, liquid or biphasic gas and liquid form.
- the CO 2 When the filler is in gaseous form, the CO 2 is present in its gaseous form in the presence of any gaseous sacrificial compounds alone or as a mixture.
- the gaseous sacrificial compounds are oxidizable compounds such as water (H 2 O) , ammonia (NH 3 ), hydrogen (H 2 ), methane (CH 4 ) or alcohols.
- the gaseous sacrificial compounds are water or hydrogen.
- the CO 2 and the sacrificial compound may be diluted by a gaseous diluent fluid such as N 2 or Ar.
- a gaseous diluent fluid such as N 2 or Ar.
- the feedstock When the feedstock is in the liquid form, this can be in the form of an ionic liquid, organic or aqueous.
- the charge in liquid form is preferably aqueous.
- the CO 2 is then solubilized in the form of aqueous CO 2 , hydrogen carbonate or carbonate.
- the sacrificial compounds are liquid or solid oxidizable compounds soluble in the liquid charge, such as water (H 2 0) , ammonia (NH 3 ), alcohols, aldehydes, amines. In a preferred manner, the sacrificial compound is water.
- the pH is generally between 2 and 12, preferably between 3 and 10.
- a basic or acidic agent may be added to the charge.
- a basic agent When a basic agent is introduced it is preferably selected from alkali or alkaline earth hydroxides, organic bases such as amines or ammonia.
- an acidic agent When an acidic agent is introduced, it is preferably selected from inorganic acids such as nitric, sulfuric, phosphoric, hydrochloric or hydrobromic acid or organic acids such as carboxylic or sulphonic acids.
- the liquid charge when it is aqueous, it can contain in any quantity any solvated ion, such as for example K + , Li + , Na + , Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , S0 4 2 “ , CI “ , F “ , NO 3 2” .
- any solvated ion such as for example K + , Li + , Na + , Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , S0 4 2 “ , CI “ , F “ , NO 3 2” .
- a diluent fluid which may be liquid or gaseous, may be present in the reaction medium.
- a diluent fluid is not required for the realization of the invention, however it may be useful to add to the charge to ensure the dispersion of the charge in the medium, the dispersion of the photocatalyst, a control the adsorption of the reagents / products on the surface of the photocatalyst, a control of the absorption of photons by the photocatalyst, the dilution of the products to limit their recombination and other similar parasitic reactions.
- a diluent fluid also makes it possible to control the temperature of the reaction medium, thus being able to compensate for the possible exo / endothermicity of the photocatalyzed reaction.
- the nature of the diluent fluid is chosen in such a way that its influence is neutral on the reaction medium or that its possible reaction does not affect the achievement of the desired reduction of carbon dioxide.
- nitrogen can be selected as the gaseous diluent fluid.
- the contacting of the charge containing the carbon dioxide and the photocatalyst can be done by any means known to those skilled in the art.
- the contacting of the carbon dioxide feedstock and the photocatalyst is in fixed bed crossed, fixed bed licking or suspension (also called "slurry" in the English terminology).
- the photocatalyst can also be deposited directly on optical fibers.
- the photocatalyst is preferably deposited in a layer on a porous support, for example of ceramic or metallic sintered type, and the charge containing the carbon dioxide to be converted into gaseous and / or liquid form is sent through the photocatalytic bed.
- the photocatalyst is preferably layered on a support and the feedstock containing the carbon dioxide to be converted into gaseous and / or liquid form is sent to the photocatalytic bed.
- the photocatalyst is preferably in the form of particles suspended in a liquid or liquid-gas feed containing carbon dioxide.
- the implementation can be done in batch and continuously.
- the photocatalyst comprises a first semiconductor SC1 in direct contact with particles comprising one or more element (s) M in the metallic state chosen from an element of groups IVB, VB, VIB, VIIB, VIIIB, IB, MB, NIA. , IVA and VA of the periodic table of the elements, said particles being in direct contact with a second semiconductor SC2.
- the photocatalyst consists of a first semiconductor SC1, particles comprising one or more element (s) M in the metallic state chosen from an element of groups IVB, VB, VIB, VIIB, VIIIB, IB , MB, NIA, IVA and VA of the periodic table of elements, and a second semiconductor SC2.
- the first semiconductor SC1 is in direct contact with particles comprising one or more element (s) M in the metallic state, said particles being in direct contact with a second semiconductor SC2 of such so that the second semiconductor SC2 covers at least 50% of the surface of the particles comprising one or more element (s) M in the metallic state.
- the first semiconductor SC1 is also in direct contact with the second semiconductor SC2.
- the photocatalyst used in the process according to the invention has a supported core-layer architecture. More particularly, said first semiconductor SC1 forms a support, said support contains on its surface core-layer type particles, said layer being formed by said semiconductor SC2, said core being formed by said particles comprising one or more element (s) M in the metallic state.
- the photocatalyst thus comprises a support containing a semiconductor SC1 containing at its surface core-layer type particles, said core comprising one or more of said element (s) M in the metallic state, said layer comprising a semiconductor SC2, said the core being in direct contact with said semiconductor SC1 of the support and the layer covers said core so that the layer covers at least 50% of the surface of the particles comprising one or more element (s) M in the metallic state.
- the layer covers an area greater than 50% of the metal core, and preferably greater than 60% and most preferably greater than 75%.
- the recovery rate is measured by XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectrometry or X-ray photoelectron spectrometry according to the English terminology), for example on an ESCA KRATOS® Axis Ultra device with a monochromatic Al source at 1486.6 eV, and an energy passing 40 eV, and expresses the covering of the total surface of the particles comprising one or more element (s) M in the metallic state.
- the layer has a thickness of 1 nm to 1000 nm, preferably 1 nm to 500 nm, and particularly preferably 2 to 50 nm.
- the semiconductors SC1 and SC2 are independently selected from inorganic, organic or organic-inorganic semiconductors.
- the bandgap of inorganic, organic or hybrid organic-inorganic semiconductors is generally between 0.1 and 5.5 eV.
- the semiconductors SC1 and SC2 may be identical or different in the photocatalyst used in the process according to the invention.
- the semiconductor SC1 is different from the semiconductor SC2 in the photocatalyst used in the method according to the invention.
- the semiconductors SC1 and SC2 are independently selected from inorganic semiconductors.
- the inorganic semiconductors may be selected from one or more Group IVA elements, such as silicon, germanium, silicon carbide or silicon germanium. They may also be composed of elements of the NIA and VA groups, such as GaP, GaN, InP and InGaAs, or elements of groups MB and VIA, such as CdS, ZnO and ZnS, or elements of groups IB and VIIA, such as CuCl and AgBr, or elements of groups IVA and VIA, such as PbS, PbO, SnS and PbSnTe, or elements of groups VA and VIA, such as Bi 2 Te 3 and Bi 2 0 3 , or elements of groups MB and VA, such as Cd 3 P2, Zn 3 P 2 and Zn 3 As 2 , or elements of groups IB and VIA, such as CuO, Cu 2 O and Ag 2 S, or of elements of groups VIIIB and VIA, such as CoO
- the semiconductors SC1 and SC2 are independently selected from TiO 2 , SiC, Bi 2 S 3 , Bi 2 O 3 , CdO, Ce 2 O 3 , CeO 2, CoO, Cu 2 O, Fe 2 O 3 , FeTiO 3 , In 2 O 3 , In (OH) 3 , NiO, PbO, ZnO, Ag 2 S, CdS, Ce 2 S 3 , Cu 2 S, CulnS 2 , In 2 S 3 , ZnFe 2 O 3 , ZnS, ZnO, WO 3 , ZnFe 2 O 4 and ZrS 2 .
- the semiconductor SC1 is selected from TiO 2 , ZnO, WO 3 , Fe 2 O 3 , and ZnFe 2 O 4 .
- the semiconductor SC2 is chosen from Ce 2 0 3 , ⁇ 2 0 3 , Cu 2 0, SiC, ZnS, and In 2 S 3 .
- the semiconductors SC1 and SC2 are chosen from organic semiconductors.
- Said organic semiconductors may be tetracene, anthracene, polythiophene, polystyrene sulphonate, phosphyrenes and fullerenes.
- the semiconductors SC1 and SC2 are chosen from organic-inorganic semiconductors.
- organic-inorganic semiconductors mention may be made of crystalline solids of the MOF type (for Metal Organic Frameworks according to the English terminology).
- the MOFs consist of inorganic subunits (transition metals, lanthanides, etc.) connected to each other by organic ligands (carboxylates, phosphonates, imidazolates, etc.), thus defining crystallized hybrid networks, sometimes porous.
- the semiconductors SC1 and SC2 may optionally be doped with one or more ions chosen from metal ions, such as, for example, ions of V, Ni, Cr, Mo, Fe, Sn, Mn, Co, Re, Nb, Sb. , La, Ce, Ta, Ti, non-metallic ions, such as, for example, C, N, S, F, P, or a mixture of metallic and non-metallic ions.
- metal ions such as, for example, ions of V, Ni, Cr, Mo, Fe, Sn, Mn, Co, Re, Nb, Sb. , La, Ce, Ta, Ti
- non-metallic ions such as, for example, C, N, S, F, P, or a mixture of metallic and non-metallic ions.
- the semiconductors SC1 and SC2 may be surface-sensitized with any organic molecules capable of absorbing photons.
- the semiconductors SC1 and SC2 can be respectively in different forms (nanometric powder, nanoobjects with or without cavities, ...) or shaped (films, monolith, beads of micrometric or millimeter size, ).
- the respective content of semiconductors SC1 or SC2 is generally between 0.01 and 50% by weight, preferably between 0.5 and 20% by weight relative to the total weight of the photocatalyst, it being understood that the sum of the contents respective semiconductors SC1 or SC2 and particles having one or several element (s) M in the metallic state has 100% of photocatalysts when it consists of these 3 components.
- the photocatalyst also comprises particles comprising one or more element (s) M in the metallic state chosen from an element of groups IVB, VB, VIB, VIIB, VIIIB, IB, MB, NIA, IVA and VA of the periodic table. elements. Said particles comprising one or more element (s) M are in direct contact with said semiconductor SC1 and SC2 respectively. Said particles can be composed of a single element in the metallic state or of several elements in the metallic state that can form an alloy.
- element in the metallic state means an element belonging to the family of metals, said element being at the zero oxidation state (and therefore in the form of metal).
- the element or elements M in the metallic state are chosen from a metal element of groups VIIB, VIIIB, IB and MB of the periodic table of elements, and particularly preferably from platinum, palladium, gold, nickel, cobalt, ruthenium, silver, copper, rhenium or rhodium.
- Said particles comprising one or more element (s) M in the metallic state are preferably in the form of particles of sizes between 0.5 nm and 1000 nm, very preferably between 0.5 nm and 100 nm.
- the content of element (s) M in the metallic state is between 0.001 and 20% by weight, preferably between 0.01 and 10% by weight relative to the total weight of the phtocatalyst.
- the photocatalyst used in the process according to the invention may be in various forms (nanometric powder, nanoobjects with or without cavities, etc.) or shaped (films, monolith, beads of micrometric or millimetric size, etc. ).
- the photocatalyst is advantageously in the form of a nanometric powder.
- the photocatalyst comprises a support composed of a semiconductor SC1 containing on its surface core-layer type particles, said core consisting of one or more of said element (s) M in the metallic state, said layer being consisting of a semiconductor SC2.
- the photocatalyst consists of a support composed of a semiconductor SC1 containing on its surface core-layer type particles, said core consisting of one or more of said element (s) M to metallic state, said layer consisting of a semiconductor SC2.
- the photocatalyst used in the method of the invention comprises, and preferably consists of a support made of a semiconductor selected from the SC1 ⁇ 2, ZnO, WO 3, Fe 2 O 3 and ZnFe 2 O 4 , containing on its surface core-layer type particles, said core consisting of one or more element (s) M in the metallic state chosen from platinum, palladium, gold , nickel, cobalt, ruthenium, silver, copper, rhenium or rhodium, said layer consisting of a semiconductor SC2 selected from Cu 2 O, Ce 2 O 3 , ln 2 O 3 , SiC. ZnS and ln 2 S 3 .
- a semiconductor SC2 selected from Cu 2 O, Ce 2 O 3 , ln 2 O 3 , SiC. ZnS and ln 2 S 3 .
- the process for preparing the photocatalyst can be any preparation method known to those skilled in the art and adapted to the desired photocatalyst.
- the photocatalyst is prepared by successive photodepositions or by deposition-precipitation under irradiation. These preparation methods are known in the state of the art.
- the photocatalyst is irradiated with at least one irradiation source producing at least one wavelength less than the band gap width of said photocatalyst so as to reduce carbon dioxide. and oxidizing the sacrificial compound in the presence of said photocatalyst activated by said irradiation source, so as to produce an effluent containing at least in part carbonaceous C1 molecules or more, different from CO 2 .
- Photocatalysis is based on the principle of activating a semiconductor or a set of semiconductors such as the photocatalyst used in the process according to the invention, using the energy provided by the irradiation .
- Photocatalysis can be defined as the absorption of a photon whose energy is greater than the forbidden bandgap or "bandgap" according to the English terminology between the valence band and the conduction band, which induces the forming an electron-hole pair in the semiconductor.
- This electron-hole pair will allow the formation of free radicals that will either react with compounds present in the medium or then recombine according to various mechanisms.
- Each semiconductor has a difference in energy between its conduction band and its valence band, or "bandgap", which is its own.
- a photocatalyst composed of one or more semiconductors can be activated by the absorption of at least one photon.
- Absorbable photons are those whose energy is greater than bandgap, semiconductor.
- the photocatalysts can be activated by at least one photon of a wavelength corresponding to the energy associated with the bandgap widths of the semiconductors constituting the photocatalyst or of a lower wavelength.
- the maximum wavelength absorbable by a semiconductor is calculated using the following equation:
- a max the maximum wavelength absorbable by a semiconductor (in m), h the Planck constant (4,13433559.10 “15 eV.s), c the speed of light in a vacuum (299,792,458 m. "1 ) and Eg the bandgap or bandgap of the semiconductor (in eV).
- any irradiation source emitting at least one wavelength suitable for activating said photocatalyst, that is to say absorbable by the photocatalyst can be used according to the invention.
- irradiation source emitting at least one wavelength suitable for activating said photocatalyst, that is to say absorbable by the photocatalyst
- the irradiation source is solar irradiation.
- the irradiation source produces a radiation of which at least a portion of the wavelengths is less than the maximum absorbable wavelength (A max ) by the constituent semiconductors of the photocatalyst according to the invention.
- the irradiation source is solar irradiation, it generally emits in the ultraviolet spectrum, visible and infra-red, that is to say it emits a wavelength range of 280 nm to 2500 nm about (according to ASTM G173-03).
- the source emits at least one wavelength range greater than 280 nm, very preferably 315 nm to 800 nm, which includes the UV spectrum and / or the visible spectrum.
- the irradiation source provides a photon flux that irradiates the reaction medium containing the photocatalyst.
- the interface between the reaction medium and the light source varies depending on the applications and the nature of the light source.
- the irradiation source is located outside the reactor and the interface between the two may be an optical window pyrex, quartz, organic glass or any other interface allowing photons absorbable by the photocatalyst according to the invention to diffuse external medium within the reactor.
- the realization of the photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide is conditioned by the provision of photons adapted to the photocatalytic system for the reaction envisaged and therefore is not limited to a specific pressure or temperature range apart from those allowing ensure the stability of the product (s).
- the temperature range employed for the photocatalytic reduction of the carbon dioxide containing feedstock is generally -10 ° C to + 200 ° C, more preferably 0 to 150 ° C, and most preferably 0 to 50 ° C. vs.
- the pressure range employed for the photocatalytic reduction of the carbon dioxide containing feedstock is generally from 0.01 MPa to 70 MPa (0.1 to 700 bar), more preferably from 0.1 MPa to 2 MPa (1 to 20 bar).
- the effluent obtained after the photocatalytic reduction reaction of the carbon dioxide contains on the one hand at least one molecule at C1 or more, different from the carbon dioxide resulting from the reaction and secondly from the unreacted charge, as well as the possible diluent fluid, but also products of parallel reactions such as for example the dihydrogen resulting from the photocatalytic reduction of H 2 0 when this compound is used as a sacrificial compound.
- Example 1 Solid A (not in accordance with the invention) TiO 2
- a photocatalyst is a semiconductor-based shopping Ti0 2 (Aeroxide ® P25, Aldrich TM, purity> 99.5%).
- the particle size of the photocatalyst is 21 nm and the specific surface area measured by BET method is equal to 52 m 2 / g.
- Example 2 Solid B (not in accordance with the invention) Pt / TiO 2
- H 2 PtCl 6 , 6H 2 O (37.5% by weight of metal) is added to 500 ml of distilled water. 50 ml of this solution are taken and inserted into a double jacketed glass reactor. 3 ml of methanol then 250 mg of TiO 2 (P25, Degussa TM) are then added with stirring to form a suspension.
- the mixture is then left stirring and under UV radiation for two hours.
- the lamp used to provide UV radiation is a 125W mercury vapor HPK TM lamp.
- the mixture is then centrifuged for 10 minutes at 3000 rpm to recover the solid. Two washings with water are then carried out, each washing being followed by centrifugation. The recovered powder is finally placed in an oven at 70 ° C. for 24 hours.
- the solid B Pt / TiO 2 is then obtained.
- the content of Pt element is measured by plasma emission atomic emission spectrometry (or inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy "ICP-AES" according to the English terminology) at 0.93% by mass.
- Example 3 Solid C (in accordance with the invention) Cu 2 O / Pt / TiO 2
- H 2 PtCl 6 , 6H 2 O (37.5% by weight of metal, Aldrich TM) is inserted into 500 ml of distilled water. 50 ml of this solution are taken and inserted into a double jacketed glass reactor. 3 ml of methanol then 250 mg of TiO 2 (P25, Degussa TM) are then added with stirring to form a suspension.
- the mixture is then left stirring and under UV radiation for two hours.
- the lamp used to provide UV radiation is a 125W mercury vapor HPK TM lamp.
- the mixture is then centrifuged for 10 minutes at 3000 rpm to recover the solid.
- Two washes with water are then carried out, each of the washes followed by centrifugation.
- the recovered powder is finally placed in an oven at 70 ° C. for 24 hours.
- a solid C Pt / TiO 2 is then obtained.
- the content of Pt element is measured by ICP-AES 0.93% by mass.
- a solution of Cu (NO 3 ) 2 is prepared by dissolving 0.125 g of Cu (NO 3 ) 2, 3H 2 O (Sigma-Aldrich TM, 98%) in 50 ml of a 50/50 isopropanol / H 2 O mixture. a concentration of Cu 2+ of 10.4 mmol / L.
- the solid C Cu 2 O / Pt / TiO 2 is then obtained.
- the content of Cu element is measured by ICP-AES at 2.2% by mass.
- XPS X-Ray Photoelectron Spectrometry according to the English terminology
- a platinum particle coating greater than 77% and copper oxide phases were measured at 67% Cu 2 O and 33% CuO.
- Transmission electron microscopy measured a 5 nm thick copper oxide layer thickness around the metal particles.
- Example 4 Solid D (in accordance with the invention) Cu 2 O / Au / TiO 2
- 0.0470 g of HAuCl 4 , xH 2 O (52% by mass of metal, Aldrich TM) is inserted into 500 ml of distilled water. 50 ml of this solution are taken and inserted into a double jacketed glass reactor. 3 ml of methanol then 250 mg of TiO 2 (P25, Degussa TM) are then added with stirring to form a suspension.
- the mixture is then left stirring and under UV radiation for two hours.
- the lamp used to provide UV radiation is a 125W mercury vapor HPK TM lamp.
- the mixture is then centrifuged for 10 minutes at 3000 rpm to recover the solid. Two washings with water are then carried out, each washing being followed by centrifugation.
- the recovered powder is finally placed in an oven at 70 ° C. for 24 hours.
- a solution of Cu (NO 3 ) 2 is prepared by dissolving 0.125 g of Cu (NO 3 ) 2, 3H 2 O (Sigma-Aldrich TM, 98%) in 50 ml of a 50/50 isopropanol / H 2 O mixture. a concentration of Cu 2+ of 10.4 mmol / L.
- the solid D Cu 2 O / Au / TiO 2 is then obtained.
- the content of Cu element is measured by ICP-AES at 2.3% by weight.
- XPS measurement an overlap of platinum particles greater than 79% and phases of copper oxides at 76% Cu 2 O and 24% CuO are measured.
- Transmission electron microscopy measured a mean copper oxide layer thickness of 7 nm around the metal particles.
- Example 5 Solid E (in accordance with the invention) Cu 2 O / Pt / ZnO
- H 2 PtCl 6 , 6H 2 O (37.5% by weight of metal, Aldrich TM) is inserted into 500 ml of distilled water. 50 ml of this solution are taken and inserted into a double jacketed glass reactor. 3 ml of methanol then 250 mg of ZnO (Lotus Synthesis TM, surface area 50 m 2 / g) are then added with stirring to form a suspension. The mixture is then left stirring and under UV radiation for six hours.
- the lamp used to provide UV radiation is a 125W mercury vapor HPK TM lamp.
- the mixture is then centrifuged for 10 minutes at 3000 rpm to recover the solid. Two washings with water are then carried out, each washing being followed by centrifugation. The recovered powder is finally placed in an oven at 70 ° C. for 24 hours.
- An E 'Pt / ZnO solid is then obtained.
- the content of Pt element is measured by ICP-AES at 0.77% by weight.
- a solution of Cu (NO 3 ) 2 is prepared by dissolving 0.125 g of Cu (NO 3 ) 2, 3H 2 O (Sigma-Aldrich TM, 98%) in 50 ml of a 50/50 isopropanol / H 2 O mixture. a concentration of Cu 2+ of 10.4 mmol / L.
- the solid E Cu 2 O / Pt / ZnO is then obtained.
- the content of Cu element is measured by ICP-AES at 1, 9% by mass.
- XPS measurement a recovery of platinum particles greater than 83% and copper oxide phases 79% Cu 2 O and 21% CuO.
- Transmission electron microscopy measured an average copper oxide layer thickness of 4 nm around the metal particles.
- Example 6 Solid F (in accordance with the invention) Ce 2 O 3 / Pt / TiO 2
- H 2 PtCl 6 , 6H 2 O (37.5% by weight of metal) is added to 500 ml of distilled water. 50 ml of this solution are taken and inserted in a double reactor glass envelope. 3 ml of methanol then 250 mg of TiO 2 (P25, Degussa TM) are then added with stirring to form a suspension.
- the mixture is then left stirring and under UV radiation for two hours.
- the lamp used to provide UV radiation is a 125W mercury vapor HPK TM lamp.
- the mixture is then centrifuged for 10 minutes at 3000 rpm to recover the solid. Two washings with water are then carried out, each washing being followed by centrifugation. The recovered powder is finally placed in an oven at 70 ° C. for 24 hours.
- the solid F 'Pt / TiO 2 is then obtained.
- the content of Pt element is measured by ICP-AES at 0.93% by mass.
- a solution of Ce (NO 3 ) 3 is prepared by dissolving 0.05 g of Ce (NO 3 ) 3, 6H 2 O (Sigma-Aldrich TM, 99%) in 50 ml of H 2 O.
- the argon flow is then slowed down to 30 ml / min and the irradiation of the reaction mixture starts.
- the lamp used to provide the UV radiation is a 125 W mercury vapor lamp HPK TM.
- 5 ml of the cerium nitrate solution is added to the mixture.
- the mixture is left for 1 hour with stirring and irradiation.
- 1 ml of a 30% solution of NH 3 is then added.
- the mixture is again left for 1 hour with stirring and irradiation.
- the mixture is then centrifuged for 10 minutes at 3000 rpm to recover the solid. Two washings with water are then carried out, each washing being followed by centrifugation. The recovered powder is finally placed in an oven at 70 ° C. for 24 hours.
- Example 7 Solid G (in accordance with the invention) In 2 O 3 / Pt / TiO 2
- H 2 PtCl 6 , 6H 2 O (37.5% by weight of metal) is added to 500 ml of distilled water. 50 ml of this solution are taken and inserted into a double jacketed glass reactor. 3 ml of methanol then 250 mg of TiO 2 (P25, Degussa TM) are then added with stirring to form a suspension.
- the mixture is then left stirring and under UV radiation for two hours.
- the lamp used to provide UV radiation is a 125W mercury vapor HPK TM lamp.
- the mixture is then centrifuged for 10 minutes at 3000 rpm to recover the solid. Two washings with water are then carried out, each washing being followed by centrifugation. The recovered powder is finally placed in an oven at 70 ° C. for 24 hours.
- the solid G 'Pt / TiO 2 is then obtained.
- the content of Pt element is measured by ICP-AES at 0.93% by mass.
- a solution of In (NO 3 ) 3 is prepared by dissolving 0.05 g of ln (NO 3 ) 3, xH 2 O (Sigma-Aldrich TM, 99.9%) in 50 ml of H 2 O.
- the mixture is then centrifuged for 10 minutes at 3000 rpm to recover the solid. Two washings with water are then carried out, each washing being followed by centrifugation. The recovered powder is finally placed in an oven at 70 ° C. for 24 hours.
- the solid G ln 2 O 3 / Pt / TiO 2 is then obtained.
- the content of element In is measured by ICP-AES at 1, 9% by mass.
- XPS measurement a recovery of platinum particles greater than 79% is measured.
- transmission electron microscopy an average layer thickness of 5 nm indium oxide is measured around the metal particles.
- Example 8 Implementation of solids in photocatalytic reduction of C0 2 in the liquid phase
- the solids A, B, C, D, E, F and G are subjected to a photocatalytic reduction test of C0 2 in the liquid phase in a semi-open stirred Pyrex reactor provided with a quartz optical window and a double jacket to regulate the test temperature.
- the photocatalytic activities are expressed in ⁇ of dihydrogen and formic acid produced per hour and per gram of photocatalyst. The results are reported in Table 1. The activity values show that the implementation of the solids according to the invention systematically has the best photocatalytic performance and particularly better selectivities towards the photocatalytic reduction of CO 2 .
- Example 9 Implementation of solids in photocatalytic reduction of C0 2 in the gas phase
- the solids A, B, C, D, E, F and G are subjected to a photocatalytic CO 2 gas phase reduction test in a continuous steel through-bed reactor equipped with a quartz optical window and a sintered in front of the optical window on which the photocatalytic solid is deposited.
- the tests are carried out at ambient temperature under atmospheric pressure.
- An argon flow rate of 300 ml / h and CO 2 of 10 ml / hr passes through a water saturator before being dispensed into the reactor.
- the production of dihydrogen gas produced from the undesirable photocatalytic reduction of the water entrained in the saturator and of CH 4 resulting from the reduction of carbon dioxide is followed by an analysis of the effluent every 6 minutes by micro-chromatography. gas phase.
- the UV-Visible irradiation source is provided by an Xe-Hg lamp (Asahi TM, MAX302 TM). The irradiation power is always maintained at 100%. The duration of the test is 20 hours.
- the photocatalytic activities are expressed in ⁇ of dihydrogen and methane produced per hour and per gram of photocatalyst. The results are reported in Table 2. The activity values show that the implementation of the solids according to the invention systematically has the best photocatalytic performance and particularly better selectivities towards the photocatalytic reduction of C0 2 .
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| FR1459848A FR3026965B1 (fr) | 2014-10-14 | 2014-10-14 | Procede de reduction photocatalytique du dioxyde de carbone mettant en œuvre un photocatalyseur composite. |
| PCT/EP2015/072996 WO2016058862A1 (fr) | 2014-10-14 | 2015-10-06 | Procede de reduction photocatalytique du dioxyde de carbone mettant en œuvre un photocatalyseur composite |
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| EP3206788A1 true EP3206788A1 (fr) | 2017-08-23 |
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| EP15775204.9A Withdrawn EP3206788A1 (fr) | 2014-10-14 | 2015-10-06 | Procede de reduction photocatalytique du dioxyde de carbone mettant en oeuvre un photocatalyseur composite |
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| EP (1) | EP3206788A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3026965B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2016058862A1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110078579A (zh) * | 2019-04-29 | 2019-08-02 | 淮北师范大学 | 一种采用co2还原双功能光催化耦合反应制备可再生碳氢化合物的方法 |
Families Citing this family (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| FR3065650B1 (fr) * | 2017-04-28 | 2019-06-28 | IFP Energies Nouvelles | Procede de reduction photocatalytique du dioxyde de carbone mettant en œuvre un photocatalyseur sous forme de monolithe poreux |
| FR3073429B1 (fr) * | 2017-11-15 | 2022-01-07 | Ifp Energies Now | Procede de reduction photocatalytique du dioxyde de carbone mettant en œuvre un photocatalyseur a base de sulfure de molybdene ou de sulfure de tungstene supporte |
| US10696614B2 (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2020-06-30 | Uchicago Argonne, Llc | Photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide to methanol or carbon monoxide using cuprous oxide |
| CN108525677B (zh) * | 2018-03-29 | 2020-12-01 | 中南民族大学 | 一种二氧化铈/硫化铟锌纳米片复合催化剂及其在可见光催化co2转化中的应用 |
| FR3095598B1 (fr) * | 2019-05-02 | 2021-12-17 | Ifp Energies Now | Procede de reduction photocatalytique du dioxyde de carbone en presence d’un champ electrique externe |
| FR3097778B1 (fr) * | 2019-06-28 | 2022-01-07 | Ifp Energies Now | Procede de reduction photocatalytique du co2mettant en œuvre un photocatalyseur de type sulfure metallique cristallise microporeux |
| CN111420664B (zh) * | 2020-03-11 | 2022-11-11 | 惠州学院 | 一种片状氧化亚铜/氧化亚钴纳米复合材料的制备方法及其在催化氨硼烷水解产氢上的应用 |
| US11458461B2 (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2022-10-04 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Metal-semiconductor hybrid structures, syntheses thereof, and uses thereof |
| CN111939936A (zh) * | 2020-08-24 | 2020-11-17 | 安徽建筑大学 | 一种In2S3/TiO2光催化剂的制备方法及应用 |
| CN114570403B (zh) * | 2022-01-26 | 2024-03-26 | 浙江工业大学 | 一种高温半导体催化剂及其在二氧化碳光还原中的应用 |
| CN114768804B (zh) * | 2022-04-10 | 2023-11-10 | 南京大学 | 一种固溶体光热催化co2转化反应的应用 |
| FR3149806A1 (fr) * | 2023-06-19 | 2024-12-20 | IFP Energies Nouvelles | Procédé de photocatalyse par cycles lumière/obscurité |
| CN116510748B (zh) * | 2023-07-04 | 2023-09-01 | 潍坊学院 | 光催化还原二氧化碳制备甲酸用催化剂及制备方法和应用 |
| CN117299106B (zh) * | 2023-09-25 | 2025-11-18 | 河北唯沃环境工程科技有限公司 | 一种改性石墨烯催化剂及其制备方法和应用 |
| CN118681584B (zh) * | 2024-06-17 | 2024-12-31 | 江苏大学 | 一种氧化亚铜-氮化硼花s型异质结复合光催化剂的制备方法和应用 |
| CN121244239B (zh) * | 2025-12-01 | 2026-04-24 | 上海第二工业大学 | 一种In2S3-Cu-Cu2O三元异质结催化剂的制备方法 |
-
2014
- 2014-10-14 FR FR1459848A patent/FR3026965B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2015
- 2015-10-06 WO PCT/EP2015/072996 patent/WO2016058862A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2015-10-06 EP EP15775204.9A patent/EP3206788A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110078579A (zh) * | 2019-04-29 | 2019-08-02 | 淮北师范大学 | 一种采用co2还原双功能光催化耦合反应制备可再生碳氢化合物的方法 |
| CN110078579B (zh) * | 2019-04-29 | 2022-01-11 | 淮北师范大学 | 一种采用co2还原双功能光催化耦合反应制备可再生碳氢化合物的方法 |
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| WO2016058862A1 (fr) | 2016-04-21 |
| FR3026965B1 (fr) | 2019-10-25 |
| FR3026965A1 (fr) | 2016-04-15 |
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