EP3175059A1

EP3175059A1 - Kit for a parapet construction on a building

Info

Publication number: EP3175059A1
Application number: EP14755319.2A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Sebastian Hilscher
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2014-08-01
Filing date: 2014-08-01
Publication date: 2017-06-07
Also published as: WO2016015065A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a kit (1) for a parapet construction on a building (4), comprising a number of fastening elements (2) and a number of plate elements (3, 3a, 3b), the fastening element (2) comprising at least one fastening portion (2a) for fastening to a building (4) and at least one retaining portion (2b) for retaining at least one plate element (3, 3a, 3b), each of the fastening elements (2) being designed for connection to at least two plate elements (3, 3a, 3b).

Description

KIT FOR A BRUSH BUILDING ON A BUILDING

The invention relates to a kit for a parapet structure on a building, comprising a number of fastening elements and a number of plate elements, and to methods for creating such a parapet structure.

Brüstungsaufbauten for buildings are used to limit Baikon, roofs or roof areas, especially flat roofs, terraces or similar areas of buildings and must meet a variety of requirements for this purpose. So it is especially in the construction of roof boundaries to choose the materials used or their technical interaction with regard to weather resistance, mechanical strength and thermal insulation properties carefully and to dimension the individual components of the limit accordingly.

There are known parapet structures in which scarf stones are mounted on a ceiling grid formwork masonry. In this case, a plurality of rows of such Schalsteine be provided to achieve a desired height of a parapet. After attaching a vertical reinforcement, the positioned Schalsteine can be reinforced horizontally and connected, for example by means of concrete. In order to minimize heat loss through the parapet which is in contact with the masonry (and possibly also the ceiling), the formwork blocks are provided with a thermal sheath enclosing an outer area of the formwork blocks. The low dimensional stability of the materials used often requires correction work, such as the alignment and readjustment of individual Schalsteine. The material and time required for the production or attachment of such balustrades is therefore correspondingly high. In addition, from the prior art parapet structures have become known in which concrete slab elements are placed on load-bearing walls or building cantilevers. However, these parapet superstructures have a high space requirement and a high weight, whereby the enclosed useful area (for example, the useful area of a balcony or a terrace) is reduced and the mechanical load of the elements carrying the parapet structure increases.

An alternative variant of a parapet structure has become known from the patent document AT 512 918 Bl, which shows a mounting structure for a building with an attic, this mounting structure comprises attic panels and fastening elements by means of which the attic panels can be attached to a substructure of the building. Although the mounting structure according to AT 512 918 Bl already eliminates many of the above-mentioned disadvantages (the construction has a significantly low weight and a reduced space requirement), in the practical use of the mounting structure certain dependencies that can affect the accuracy of attachment of the parapet structure have been found , which can significantly increase the time required for an exact installation of a parapet structure. Such a dependency consists, for example, of the nature of the substructure to which a fastener is to be attached. If such a substructure is uneven (which can happen, for example, due to the drying or the nature of concrete mixtures), then the fastening elements must be elaborately adjusted in order to enable exact positioning of the attic panels to be attached thereto. In addition, these Attikaplatten were previously mounted with two fasteners per Attikaplatte, these fasteners are mounted at a sufficient distance from the lateral Atikaplattenrand flat to the Attika plate, and then attached to the substructure. Two adjacent Attikaplattenelemente therefore require at least four fasteners in such a construction, which had to be connected to the substructure. In order to enable rapid installation on a construction site, these fasteners are mounted in advance on the Attika slats. However, this worsens the cubature (ie the required volume) of Attika slats, so that they can be loaded in a lower packing density in a transport vehicle.

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a parapet structure, which overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art and is particularly accurate, quick and secure mountable, easy to transport and beyond the high demands in terms of weather resistance, mechanical strength and thermal insulation properties is sufficient.

This object is achieved in a first aspect of the invention with a parapet structure of the aforementioned type by the fastening element at least one fastening section for attachment to a building and at least one holding section for holding at least one plate member, each fastener is adapted to at least two plate elements to be connected. Thanks to this According to the invention features, it is possible to almost halve the number of fasteners used, whereby the installation of the parapet structure can be carried out particularly quickly and efficiently. The fasteners according to the invention are (since they can be connected to two plate elements) first suburb mounted on the substructure and connected to the plate elements. This significantly improves the cubature of the parapet structure during transport operations. In addition, it is possible that by a pre-assembly of the fasteners to the base a very rapid completion of the parapet structure is made possible by the plate elements subsequently inserted between the fasteners or pushed to this, so that they are held in / on the respective holding sections. This design also makes it possible that the plate elements used selectively (if, for example due to the mounting height already a fall protection is required) or removed or can be temporarily omitted (for example, to allow a transport opening through which, for example, a crane can bring material - this is especially in multi-storey building constructions of importance, where typically stacked balcony projections clearly limit the space between the projections and thus prevent material from being "from above").

It may advantageously be provided that the fastening element in the region of the holding portion at least partially has a width of at least 5cm, preferably at least 6cm, 7cm, 8cm, 9cm or 10cm. Thereby, the mechanical stability of the holding portion of the fastener is increased. In addition, such a dimensioning of the holding portion allows a sufficient tolerance with respect to the spacing of the fastening elements, so that plate elements can be reliably and safely inserted between the fasteners and attached thereto. Of course, two, three, several or all of the fasteners may have the technical design set forth herein for ease of reading, and of course the term "number on elements ", which is used recurrently in the context of this document, to be understood as meaning that at least one element is provided and, of course, two, three or more elements may be provided. In order to obtain a particularly robust parapet structure, it can be provided that the fastening element is made of galvanized steel with a yield strength of at least 235 N / mm ² . Such a steel corresponds for example to the standard EN 10027 S235.

It is particularly favorable if the plate element is a cement-bonded fine chipboard or a preferably cement-bonded flat-pressed plate which is produced, for example, according to EN 13986: 2004. Such a plate is free of voids and has a density of about 1250 to 1400 kg / m ³ . It is particularly weather-resistant, extremely stable and very accurately manufactured.

It may be advantageous if the plate member has at least a thickness between 3 cm and 5 cm, preferably between 4cm and 5cm.

In order to allow a particularly simple installation of the fastening element, it may be provided in a simple embodiment of the invention, the fastening element is designed as a substantially flat plate. By the term "substantially flat plate" is meant a plate having at least one planar portion extending along one side of the plate, which portion is adapted to lie flat on the plate members and may be connected to the plate members flat plate may have isolated projections.

It may be particularly advantageous if the attachment portion of the fastener has at least one mandrel, which preferably projects substantially normal from the fastener. The term "substantially normal" is understood to mean an arrangement in which the mandrel protrudes at an angle between 70 ° and 110 °, preferably between 80 ° and 100 °, from the substantially flat plate.

In order to allow a particularly stable connection to the substrate, it may be provided that the attachment portion of the fastener has at least two mandrels arranged one above the other, which preferably protrude substantially normal from the fastener and preferably at least 5cm apart. To accommodate particularly high mechanical loads, it may be provided that the width of the fastening element in the region of the fastening section is at least 150%, preferably at least 200%, of the width of the fastening element in the retaining section.

In order to enable a simple and efficient connection of the fastening elements with the plate elements, it can be provided that the fastening section and / or the retaining section of the fastening element has at least two, preferably four or eight fastening openings.

In a further embodiment of the invention, it may be provided that at least the holding portion has a front leg, a connecting leg and a rear leg, which together form substantially the shape of an H-profile. Such a trained holding portion of the fastener allows a particularly quick and easy installation of the plate elements, since these can be used in advance in the profiles and then for example firmly screwed.

It may be of particular advantage, if at least the front leg has a number of mounting holes, which are preferably at most 2cm apart from the edge of the front leg. The arrangement of the attachment openings in the edge region of the front leg makes it possible that dimensional inaccuracies of plates or in the spacing of the fastening elements can be effectively balanced and a firm connection of the plate elements with the fastening elements despite dimensional inaccuracies is possible.

A plate element can be kept particularly stable by the fastening element, if this holding section has a longitudinal extent of at least 30 cm, preferably at least 50 cm, particularly preferably at least 75 cm.

In order to accommodate sufficiently thick plates in the holding portion of the fastener, it may be provided that the connecting leg has a width between 4 cm and 5 cm. Alternatively, the connecting leg may have a width between 3 and 16 cm. It can be particularly favorable if the front and the rear legs have a width of at least 4 cm, preferably at least 5 cm. This can be compensated for dimensional inaccuracies of plates or in the spacing of the fasteners effectively.

In a further development of the invention, it can be provided that the fastening section of the fastening element is designed as a fastening plate oriented substantially normal to the retaining section, which preferably projects beyond the retaining section. This allows easy mounting to a substrate, such as masonry.

In order to further increase the stability of the fastening element, the fastening plate can additionally be connected to the retaining section of the fastening element by means of a transverse strut. It is particularly advantageous if the mounting plate has a number of fastening openings.

To compensate for dimensional inaccuracies or to avoid obstacles in the ground, it is advantageous if the mounting holes of the mounting plate are formed as a longitudinal holes, which are oriented parallel to the longitudinal extent of the mounting plate.

The attachment portion of the fastener may preferably have a length of at least 10 cm, more preferably of at least 20 cm, so that a stable and mechanically strong connection with the plate member is made possible. With a length of the attachment portion of at least 20 cm, the plate elements can reach a length of 160cm and still be held firmly by the fastener.

In another development of the invention, provision may be made for the fastening section to be flush with the holding section and to continue the rear leg and the connecting leg. As a result, a T-profile is formed, wherein the rear leg can be connected quickly and stably, for example, with a precast concrete part. It may be advantageous if the rear leg has fastening openings in the attachment section. It may be particularly advantageous if the attachment portion has a length of at least 10 cm, preferably at least 20 cm. With a length of the attachment portion of at least 20 cm, the plate elements can reach a length of 160cm and still be held firmly by the fastener.

In a further development of the invention, provision may be made for the fastening element to have a standing plate in the region of the fastening section which is oriented normal to the longitudinal extension of the retaining section. This allows a simple connection, for example, with a brick or a horizontal or vertical formwork wall. It may be advantageous if the standing plate has a number of mounting holes.

In order to enable a particularly robust connection with the substructure, provision may be made for the fastening section of the fastening element to have at least one mandrel, which is preferably oriented substantially parallel to the stationary plate. For the purposes of this disclosure, the expression "essentially parallel" means an arrangement in which the orientation (or orientation) of the elements under consideration (essentially parallel) deviates from one another by an angle of at most 20 °, preferably at most 10 °.

It may be particularly advantageous if the attachment portion of the fastener has at least two mandrels arranged one above the other, which are preferably oriented substantially parallel to the standing plate and are preferably at least 5 cm apart. As a result, the stability of the connection with the substructure can be additionally increased.

The stability of the invention can be further increased by having the at least one mandrel or mandrels at least 20 cm in length, preferably at least 30 cm in length.

It has proved to be particularly favorable when the rear leg is widened in a subsequent to the standing plate area and preferably has a number of mounting holes. In another embodiment of the invention, it may be provided that the attachment portion is flush with the holding portion and continues the rear and the connecting leg. As a result, T-profile is formed, wherein the rear leg can be attached, for example, to an outer formwork wall Ortbetonschalung at a suitable height and the fastener can be partially embedded in concrete when filling the formwork.

It may be particularly advantageous if the attachment portion has at least one, preferably two mandrels, which are preferably oriented substantially normal to the rear connecting leg. As a result, the stability of the connection with the substructure can be additionally increased.

In order to facilitate the assembly of the plate elements, it may be provided that the rear leg is widened at least in the region of the attachment portion and preferably has a number of attachment openings.

It may be particularly favorable when the rear connecting leg has at least one, preferably two opposing notches. These notches can be used to align the fastener. Since a precise line is usually placed on an outer wall formwork panel with a laser gauge to indicate the desired height of a ceiling bottom (before filling with concrete), the indentations may be arranged to match the indentation with the ceiling bottom indication (typically one) horizontal marking on a wooden wall formwork) already determines the position of the holding section and thus the later to be connected to it plate elements reliable and very accurate.

In this case, the attachment portion of the fastener may have at least two mandrels arranged one above the other, which are preferably oriented substantially parallel to the standing plate and preferably at least 5cm apart. Such an embodiment of the fastener allows an arrangement in which a mandrel is held in a wall, preferably a concrete wall and the ceiling arranged above it, preferably a concrete ceiling is held. This arrangement is particularly durable. It may be of particular advantage if the fastening element in the region of the holding portion has a mandrel protruding from the front leg substantially normal, the preferably has a length of at least 20cm. It is particularly advantageous if the mandrel arranged in the holding section is spaced at least 7 cm from the notch, preferably at least 10 cm, since precast concrete parts, which are mounted at the level of the ceiling lower edge and poured onto the ceilings, are typically 5 cm thick.

ALOS: 35 In a further aspect, the invention relates to a method for creating a parapet structure, in particular an attic structure on a building using a number of plate elements and a number of fasteners for attachment to the building, comprising at least the following steps: a) attaching a B) attaching the spacer element to an outer in-situ concrete wall formwork, wherein an upper edge of the spacer element comes to rest at a defined height of the Ortbetonwandschalung c) attaching an inner Ortbetonwandschalung and at least partially setting in concrete of the fastener, d) placing two respective plate elements on the upper edge of the spacer element and connecting to a holding portion of the fastener.

For the purposes of this disclosure, the term "attic" is understood to mean a parapet structure for a building roof The fastening of the fastening element to the spacer element according to step a) preferably takes place beforehand in an assembly plant, so that the attachment of the spacer elements according to step b) and the subsequent ones Steps c) and d) can be carried out particularly quickly at the place of final assembly Alternatively, it would of course also be possible to carry out first step b) and then step a), followed by steps c) and d).

Any number of fasteners, spacer elements and plate elements can be mounted using this method. This number can be at least one, preferably at least two or three or more than three respective elements. Under certain circumstances, the number of fasteners may differ from the number of plate elements. Thus, each plate member can be held by and between two fasteners, with individual fasteners each supporting two plate members. In such an arrangement, the number of fasteners may be, for example, one higher than the number of plate elements. The concreting in of the fastening element in step c) is preferably carried out so that the concrete reaches a maximum of the height of an upper edge 12 of the spacer element, so that the spacer element protrudes from the concrete or is maximally embedded flat in the concrete. This can be achieved particularly easily by the upper edge 12 of the spacer element is mounted at the level of the ceiling lower edge, the ceiling lower edge is usually measured in advance by means of laser measuring and marked with a chalk line on the formwork walls and so a particularly reliable and accurate measure for mounting the spacer element supplies. Between the steps c) and d) the in-situ concrete wall formwork can already be removed. After step d), for example, a ceiling can be concreted.

In another aspect, the invention relates to a method of constructing a parapet structure on a building using a number of panel members and a number of fasteners for attachment to the building, each fastener having at least one retaining portion and a mounting portion, the retaining portion having a front leg , a connecting leg and a rear leg, which together form substantially the shape of an H-profile and the fastening portion of the fastening element is formed as a substantially normal to the holding portion mounting plate, comprising at least the following steps: a) attaching a fastener on a building ceiling, preferably a concrete ceiling, b) inserting and connecting two plate elements in the holding portion of the fastener. The orientation of the fastening element from step b) preferably coincides with that of the fastening element from step a), so that the plate element can be inserted particularly easily between the fastening elements

In another aspect, the invention relates to a method of constructing a parapet structure on a building using a number of panel members and a number of fasteners for attachment to the building, each fastener having at least one retaining portion and a mounting portion, the retaining portion having a front leg , a connecting leg and a rear leg, which together form substantially the shape of an H-profile and the fixing portion flush with the holding portion and continues the rear and the connecting leg, comprising at least the following steps: a) fixing a fastener on a building ceiling , preferably a concrete floor, or a Gebäekeauskragung, preferably a precast concrete part, by connecting the rear leg of the holding portion with the building ceiling or the building overhang, b) insertion and verbi nden two plate elements in the holding portion of the fastener.

This method makes it possible to install a parapet structure particularly space-saving on a building, as by mounting the fastener on the building ceiling or the building cantilever does not restrict the useful surface of the building but leaves unaffected in contrast to conventional parapet structures. In another aspect, the invention relates to a method of constructing a parapet structure on a building using a number of panel members and a number of fasteners for attachment to the building, each fastener having at least one retaining portion and a mounting portion, the retaining portion having a front leg , a connecting leg and a rear leg, which together form substantially the shape of an H-profile and the fastening element in the region of the fastening portion has a standing plate, which is oriented normal to the longitudinal extent of the holding portion, comprising at least the following steps: a) attaching the standing plate of a fastener on a masonry or a building ceiling, preferably a slab formwork, b) inserting and connecting two plate elements in the holding portion of the fastener.

The attachment of the standing plate of the fastener on a masonry according to step a) can preferably be done by screwing or pegging. It can also be provided that portions of the fastening element are held in the building by a concrete connection.

Also, the invention relates to a method for creating a parapet structure on a building using a number of plate elements and a number of fasteners for attachment to the building, wherein each fastener has at least one holding portion and a fixing portion, wherein the holding portion has a front leg, a connecting leg and a rear leg, which together form substantially the shape of an H-profile and the attachment portion flush with the holding portion and continues the rear and the connecting leg, comprising at least the following steps: a) attaching a fastener at a defined height an in situ concrete wall formwork, b) attaching an in situ concrete wall formwork and at least partially setting in concrete of the fastening element, c) inserting two plate elements in the holding portion of the fastening element, d) connecting the Plate elements with the holding portion of the fastener.

Of course, all of the methods of the invention are suitable for attaching any number of panel elements to a building. Thus, either individual or all listed therein steps can be repeated. Within the framework of this The term "number" used for the term "number" means the number one, two, three, at least one, preferably at least two or three or more than three A number of elements may therefore relate to one element, two elements or at least one element etc. Thus, each plate element can be held by and between two fastening elements, whereby individual fastening elements can be arranged at a defined distance from one another on a building ceiling and support two plate elements For example, the number of fasteners may be one more than the number of plate elements by one.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to several exemplary and non-limiting embodiments, which are illustrated in the figures. Show it

1 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of a kit according to the invention for a parapet structure,

2 is a perspective view of a fastener with a spacer element,

3 is a perspective view of a second embodiment of the invention,

4 is a perspective view of a fastener according to the figure 3,

5 is a plan view of the fastener according to the figure 4,

6 is a side view of the fastener according to the figure 4,

7 is a perspective view of a third embodiment of the invention,

8 is a plan view of a fastener according to the figure 7,

9 is a front view of the fastener of Figure 7,

10 is a perspective view of a fourth embodiment of the invention, 11 is a more detailed perspective view of a fastener according to the figure 10,

12 is a plan view of the fastener according to the figure 10,

13 is a front view of the fastener according to the figure 10,

14 is a perspective view of a fifth embodiment of the invention,

15 is a more detailed perspective view of a fastener according to the figure 14,

16 shows a plan view of the fastening element according to FIG. 14, FIG. 17 shows a front view of the fastening element according to FIG. 14.

In the following, unless otherwise stated, like reference numerals designate the same features.

Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a first embodiment of a kit 1 according to the invention for a parapet structure. The parapet structure comprises a number of fastening elements 2 and a number of plate elements 3, wherein the plate elements 3 by means of the fastening element 2 on a building 4, the building ceiling or roof is shown schematically by dashed lines, can be fastened. In this case, a plate, typically a wooden plate outer Ortbetonwandschalung 5 is shown, which is arranged together with an inner shuttering panel, not shown, to hold a concrete filling in shape, so that a wall of the (under construction) building 4 is formed. The fastening element 2 is fastened to the in-situ concrete wall formwork 5 by means of a spacer element 6.

2 shows a perspective view of the fastening element 2 with the spacer holding element 6. The fastening element 2 has at least one fastening section 2a Attachment to a building 4 and at least one holding portion 2b for holding at least one plate member 3, wherein each fastener 2 is adapted to be connected to at least two plate members 3. The fastening element 2 has, in the region of the holding section 2b, at least partially a width b of at least 5 cm, preferably at least 6 cm, 7 cm, 8 cm, 9 cm or 10 cm.

The plate element 3 is preferably a cement-bonded fine chipboard, which preferably has at least a thickness of 3 cm, preferably of at least 4 cm, particularly preferably between 4 cm and 5 cm.

The fastener 2 is formed as a substantially flat plate having, in the embodiment shown, two mandrels 7a and 7b which project substantially normal from the fastener 2 and are at least 5 cm apart. For fastening the spacer element 6 as well as to the plate element 3, the fastening element 2 has attachment openings 8 in the attachment section 2a and / or the retaining section 2b. In order to achieve a particularly simple and stable connection with the spacer element 6, it can be provided that the width c of the fastening element 2 in the region of the fastening section 2a is at least 150%, preferably at least 200% of the width b of the fastening element in the retaining section 2b.

According to the invention, it may be provided that the fastening element 2 is connected to the spacer element 6, which in turn is attached to the local concrete wall formwork 5 at a defined height, for example nailed or screwed. Filling the Ortbetonwandschalung 5 preferably leads to that under mandrel 7a is completely surrounded by concrete. The second above-arranged mandrel 7b is preferably surrounded by concrete only in a subsequent step, for example, by a ceiling is concreted, so that the fastener 2 is particularly firmly connected to the building 4. It is advantageous if the spacer element 6 has the same thickness as the plate element 3.

This first embodiment of the invention may preferably be attached to a building 4 by a method for creating a parapet structure, in which at least the following steps are provided by using a number of plate elements 3, 3a or 3b and a number of fastening elements 2: a) attaching a fastener 2 to a spacer element 6, wherein a holding portion 2 b of the fastener 2, the spacer element 6 at least partially surmounted above b) attaching the spacer element 6 to an outer cast-in wall formwork 5, wherein an upper edge 12 of the spacer element 6 in a defined C) placing an inner cast-in-place formwork and at least partially setting in concrete of the fastening element 2, d) placing two plate elements 3 or 3a on the upper edge 12 of the spacer element 6 and connecting to a holding section 2b of the fastening element 2.

Fig. 3 shows a perspective view of a second embodiment of the invention. Therein, the fastener 2 differs from the fastener according to the first embodiment mainly by the configuration of the attachment portion 2a and the holding portion 2b, wherein the holding portion 2b of the embodiments given below forms substantially the shape of an H profile. The detailed design of the holding section 2b will be discussed in more detail in the discussion of FIGS. 4-6. As can be seen in Figure 3, there are a number of fasteners 2 on a building 4, wherein for clarity, only one fastener 2 was provided with a reference numeral and the building 4 is shown only schematically as a building section. Between the individual fastening elements 2, the plate elements 3 can be seen, wherein in this embodiment shown lower plate elements 3a and upper plate elements 3b are provided, which can be inserted one above the other in the holding portion 2b of the fastening elements 2. The lower plate elements 3a preferably have a length of for example more than 150 cm, preferably for example 160 cm and a height between 10 cm and 50 cm, for example 30 cm. This allows during assembly of the parapet assembly first insert a lower plate elements 3a between fasteners 2 and in a holding section 2b and so sets the distance to the next fastener 2, whereby a particularly accurate and rapid mounting of the fasteners 2 is possible. In this way, a plurality of fasteners 2 can be quickly and accurately attached to a building 4. The upper ones Plate elements 3b can then be pushed onto lower plate elements 3a by also being inserted into the holding sections 2b of the fastening elements 2 and thus resting flush on the plate elements 3b. The upper plate elements 3b have, for example, a length of more than 150 cm, for example 160 cm and a height of, for example, over 50 cm. Here, the length of the lower plate member 3a and the upper plate member 3b is preferably identical. Depending on the wind load, the plate elements 3a and 3b may also have a length of less than 150 cm.

Figure 4 shows a perspective view of a fastener according to the figure 3. In the following, the holding portion 2b is discussed in detail, wherein the herein described features of the holding portion 2b apply to the second, third, fourth and fifth embodiment of the invention. The holding portion 2b has a front leg 2ba, a connecting leg 2bb and a rear leg 2bc, which together form the shape of an H profile. In this case, the front leg 2ba is oriented substantially parallel to the rear leg 2bc, wherein the connecting leg 2bb is oriented normal to the front leg 2ba and rear leg 2bcc. In this case, at least the front leg 2bb on a number of mounting holes 8, which are preferably at most 2 cm from the edge of the front leg 2ba spaced. The holding section 2b has a longitudinal extent of at least 30 cm, preferably at least 50 cm and particularly preferably at least 75 cm. The connecting leg 2bb has a width bl (see Fig. 5) between 3 cm and 5 cm, preferably between 4 cm and 5 cm. In this case, the front and rear legs 2ba and 2bc preferably have a width b2 of at least 4 cm. This makes it possible to hold solid plate elements 3 firmly in the H-profile of the fastener 2. More specifically, the H-profile forms two adjacent U profiles, wherein in each case a plate element 3 can be held in a profile. This makes it possible that the fastening element 2 can accommodate at least two opposing plate elements 3.

In the following, preferred features of the second embodiment will be discussed in more detail. In this case, the fastening element 2 is shown in Figures 3-6. The embodiment of the fastening element 2 shown therein is characterized in that the fastening section 2a is designed as a fastening plate 10 which is oriented substantially normal to the retaining section 2b and projects beyond the retaining section 2b, so that the fastening plate 10 is placed on a building 4 or a substructure is possible, without that in this case the holding portion 2 b of the fastening element 2 protrudes into the effective area of the building 4. This can be achieved by attaching the holding section 2b, for example, with a building edge bounding the building 4. This mounting plate 10 is additionally connected by means of a transverse strut with the holding portion 2 b of the fastener 2. The mounting plate 10 has a number of mounting holes 8, which are formed in the embodiments shown as slots. This makes it possible to eliminate or compensate for inaccuracies in a bore used to attach the fastener to the building 4, or to provide opportunities for using alternative wellbores when at a particular location of the building (for example due to iron reinforcement) in the building not possible. The attachment portion 2a has a length of at least 10 cm, preferably at least 20 cm.

FIG. 5 shows a plan view of the fastening element 2 according to FIG. 3. In it, the fastening openings 8 are clearly recognizable in the fastening section in the form of oblong holes. Also, the H-shaped profile formed by the front leg 2ba, the connecting leg 2bb and the rear leg 2bc, and a cross brace 9 for stabilizing the fixing portion 2a are clearly visible therein. FIG. 6 shows a side view of the fastening element 2 according to FIG. 3.

This second embodiment of the invention may preferably be attached to a building 4 by a method of creating a parapet structure, in which, using a number of plate elements 3, 3a, 3b and a number of fastening elements 2, each fastening element 2 comprises at least one holding section 2b and a fixing portion 2a, wherein the holding portion 2b has a front leg (2ba), a connecting leg 2bb and a rear leg 2bc, which together form substantially the shape of an H-profile, and the fixing portion 2a of the fixing member 2 as a substantially normal a) fixing a fastener 2 on a building ceiling, preferably a concrete ceiling, b) inserting and connecting two plate elements 3, 3a or 3b in the holding portion 2b of the Befestigungsigu ngselements 2. Figure 7 shows a perspective view of a third embodiment of the invention, in which the holding portion 2b also has the shape of an H-profile. In contrast to the second embodiment of the invention, the fixing portion 2a is oriented parallel to the holding portion 2b and continues the rear leg 2bc and the connecting leg 2bb (the legs have been labeled in the fixing portion 2a with corresponding reference numerals 2ac and 2ab). As a result, a shape of a T-profile is formed. This makes it possible for the fastening element 2 to be connected to a building 4 or a part of a building 4, for example a concrete slab, by means of fastening openings 8 arranged in the rear leg 2bc in the fastening section 2a. The plate elements 3 can be inserted into the holding section in the manner already described (analogous to FIG. 3). The attachment portion 2a preferably has a length of at least 10 cm, more preferably at least 20 cm. This embodiment of the invention is particularly suitable for already concrete building ceilings or precast concrete parts. The fastening elements 2 and their attachment portion 2a is preferably fastened by means of heavy duty anchor or concrete screws to the ceiling or the precast concrete part. FIG. 8 shows a plan view of the fastening element 2 according to FIG. 7, and FIG. 9 shows a front view of the fastening element 2 according to FIG. 7.

This third embodiment of the invention may preferably be secured to a building 4 by a method of creating a parapet structure using any of a number of plate elements 3, 3a or 3b and a number of fasteners 2 for attachment to the building 4, each fastener 2, at least one holding portion 2b and a fixing portion 2a, wherein the holding portion 2b has a front leg 2ba, a connecting leg 2bb and a rear leg 2bc, which together form substantially the shape of an H-profile and the mounting portion 2a flush with the holding portion 2b adjoins and the back and the connecting leg 2bbtsetzt, at least the following steps are provided: a) attaching a fastener 2 on a building ceiling, preferably a concrete ceiling, or a Gebäudeauskragung, preferably a precast concrete part, by connecting the rear Leg 2bc of the holding section 2b with the building ceiling or the building projection, b) inserting and connecting two plate elements 3, 3a or 3b in the holding portion of the fastener second

Figure 10 shows a perspective view of a fourth embodiment of the invention, in which the holding portion 2b of the fastener 2 also has the shape of an H-profile. The fastening element 2 has in the region of the attachment portion 2a on a standing plate 11, which is oriented normal to the longitudinal extension of the holding portion 2b and which is shown in more detail in the following figures 11 to 13. As already mentioned, this embodiment is also suitable to be connected to plate elements. In the example shown according to FIG. 10, rear and upper plate elements 3a and 3b are again provided, which can be inserted between the fastening elements 2, the lower plate elements 3a preferably additionally serving as spacers between the fastening elements 2. It is particularly practical if the plate elements have the dimensions already described. The provision of a slender lower plate 3a allows for a very rapid mounting of the fasteners 2. Since the lower plate members 3a are very easy to handle due to the small size compared to the upper plate, the lower plate members can be moved and assembled more easily. In addition, the lower plate elements 3a have a low windage surface, which is why they are very suitable for mounting and also make lower demands on the mechanical strength of the fasteners, which can thus be fixed in several steps. The standing plate 11 (see FIGS. 11 to 13) has a number of attachment openings 8. The fastening portion 2 a of the fastening element 2 has at least one mandrel, which is preferably oriented substantially parallel to the standing plate 11. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the fastening element 2 has two mandrels 7a and 7b in order to allow a particularly firm connection to the building 4. In the variant shown in FIG. 10, the fastening element 2 is fastened on a slab formwork onto which a further layer of concrete is poured, in which the spikes 7a and 7b are held after the drying process of the concrete. The lower plate elements 3a should already be inserted into the holding sections 2b of the fastening elements 2, so that they can form a border for the concrete to be poured in a simple manner. Alternatively, it is also possible that the fastener 2 is placed or mounted on a brick wall. In this case, for connection of the fastening section 2a or the standing plate 11 of the fastening element 2 with, for example, a tile wall openings in the brick by means of a suitable filling material, such as mortar filled. In particular, tile anchors or a suitable goal steel are suitable for connection to the tile. A ceiling to be applied to the brick wall can subsequently be concreted on, so that the mandrels 7a and 7b in turn enable a firm connection with the concrete or the concrete floor and the fastening elements 2 are thereby securely held fast. The two mandrels 7a and 7b preferably have at least a length of 20 cm to allow a particularly stable connection with the concrete. FIG. 11 shows a more detailed perspective illustration of a fastening element 2 according to FIG. 10. FIGS. 12 and 13 show a top view and a front view of the fastening element 2 according to FIG. 10. It can clearly be seen that the rear leg 2bc is in a contact with the standing plate 11 subsequent area is widened and preferably has a number of mounting holes 8.

This fourth embodiment of the invention may preferably be attached to a building 4 by a method of creating a parapet structure using any number of plate elements 3, 3a or 3b and a number of fasteners 2 for attachment to the building 4, each fastener 2 has at least one holding portion 2b and a fixing portion 2a, wherein the holding portion 2b has a front leg 2ba, a connecting leg 2bb and a rear leg 2bc, which together form substantially the shape of an H-profile and the fastening element 2 in the region of the attachment portion 2a a standing plate 10, which is oriented normal to the longitudinal extent of the holding portion 2b, at least the following steps are provided: a) attaching the standing plate of a fastener 2 on a masonry or a building ceiling, preferably a slab formwork, b) insertion and Ve Bind two plate members 3, 3 a or 3 b in the holding portion 2 b of the fastener. 2

Figure 14 shows a perspective view of a fifth embodiment of the invention, in which the holding portion of the fastening element is also formed in the form of an H-profile. Here too, plate elements 3, in particular lower and upper plate elements 3a and 3b, can be inserted between the fastening elements 2. According to FIG. 14 the fastener 2 mounted directly on a Ortbetonwandschalungswand 5 of a building 4, not shown. Analogous to the first embodiment of the invention, in this case, a wall of the building 4 is erected with an in-situ concrete formwork, wherein the inner formwork wall is not shown in for a clear representation. The fastening element 2 will be described in more detail with the aid of FIGS. 15-17. As can be seen in Figure 15, the attachment portion 2a continues the holding portion 2b flush by continuing both the back and the connecting legs 2bc and 2bb. As a result, essentially the shape of a T-profile is formed. To stabilize the fastening element 2 or to improve the connection with the building, this has in the region of the fastening portion 2a one, preferably two mandrels, which are oriented substantially normal to the rear connecting leg 2bc. Here, the rear connecting leg 2bc widened at least in the region of the attachment portion 2a and know a number of mounting holes 8, whereby the fastener 2 can be very easily mounted on a formwork wall. As described above, markings are often provided on shuttering walls to display the ceiling bottom edge. It may therefore be advantageous if indentations and / or markings are provided on the fastening element 2 in the region of the fastening section 2a, which allow a precise mounting of the fastening elements 2 at a desired height. In addition, it is advantageous if, as shown in Figure 15, also the holding portion 2b a mandrel 7c (which is located above the two pins 7a of the mounting portion), which also extends substantially normal to the front leg 2ba. This mandrel 7c can protrude into the ceiling and be held in this in a further step, in which the placement of a ceiling on the building walls. Such a ceiling can be realized, for example, by pouring concrete. Finally, reference is made to FIGS. 16 and 17, which show a plan view and a front view of the fastening element according to FIG. 14.

This fifth embodiment of the invention may preferably be attached to a building 4 by a method of creating a parapet structure using any number of plate elements 3, 3a or 3b and a number of fasteners 2 for attachment to the building 4, each fastener 2, at least one holding portion 2b and a fixing portion 2a, wherein the holding portion 2b has a front leg 2ba, a connecting leg 2bb and a rear leg 2bc, which together form substantially the shape of an H-profile and which connects the attachment portion 2a flush with the holding portion 2b and continues the rear leg 2bc and the connecting leg 2bb, at least the following steps are provided: a) attaching a fastener 2 at a defined height to an in-situ concrete wall formwork 5, b) attaching an in-situ in-situ concrete wall formwork C) inserting two plate elements 3, 3a, 3b into the holding section of the fastening element 2, d) connecting the plate elements 3, 3a, 3b to the holding section of the fastening element 2.

All of the abovementioned embodiments according to the invention can be assembled quickly, are easy to manufacture and transport, have high stability and require a low material outlay. The space requirement of the embodiments according to the invention is extremely low, which increases the proportion of usable space of such a narrowed area compared to conventional solutions. The good thermal insulation properties of the plate element make it possible to dispense with additional thermal separating elements between the plate element and the substructure, thereby providing a solid construction of a building for building a bridge. In view of this teaching, the invention may be modified in any manner known to those skilled in the art and is therefore not limited to the embodiments shown. Also, individual aspects of the invention can be taken up and combined with each other. Essential are the ideas underlying the invention, which can be performed by a person skilled in the knowledge of this description in a variety of ways and still remain maintained as such.

Claims

\. Kit (1) for a parapet structure on a building (4), comprising a number of fixing elements (2) and a number of plate elements (3, 3a, 3b), characterized in that the fixing element (2) has at least one fixing section (2a) for attachment to a building (4) and at least one holding section (2b) for holding at least one plate element (3, 3a, 3b), each fastening element (2) being adapted to be connected to at least two plate elements (3, 3a, 3b) to become.

2. Kit (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the fastening element (2) in the region of the holding portion (2b) at least partially has a width (b) of at least 5cm, preferably at least 6cm, 7cm, 8cm, 9cm or 10cm.

3. kit (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the fastening element (2) made of galvanized steel with a yield strength in the amount of at least 235 N / mm ^{2 is} made.

4. Kit (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the plate element (3, 3a, 3b) is a cement-bonded Feinspanplatte.

5. Kit (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the plate element (3, 3a, 3b) has at least a thickness of 3cm, preferably of at least 4cm, more preferably between 4cm and 5cm.

6. kit (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the fastening element (2) is designed as a substantially flat plate.

7. kit (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the fastening portion (2a) of the fastening element (2) at least one mandrel (7a, 7b) which preferably protrudes substantially normal from the fastening element (2) ,

8. Kit (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the fastening portion of the fastening element (2) at least two superimposed Mandrels (7a, 7b), which are preferably substantially normal from the fastener (2) protrude and preferably at least 5cm apart.

9. Kit (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the width (c) of the fastening element (2) in the region of the fastening portion (2a) at least 150%, preferably at least 200% of the width (b) of the fastener in the holding section (2b).

10. Kit (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the fastening portion (2a) and / or the holding portion (2b) of the fastening element (2) has at least two, preferably four or eight fastening openings (8).

11. Kit (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that at least the holding portion (2b) has a front leg (2ba), a connecting leg (2bb) and a rear leg (2bc), which together substantially Form a H-profile.

12. Kit (1) according to claim 11, characterized in that at least the front leg (2ba) has a number of mounting holes (8), which are preferably at most 2cm from the edge of the front leg (2ba) spaced.

13. kit (1) according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the holding portion (2b) has a longitudinal extent of at least 30 cm, preferably at least 50 cm, more preferably of at least 75 cm.

14. Kit (1) according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the connecting leg (2bb) has a width (bl) between 3 cm and 16 cm, preferably between 4 cm and 5 cm.

15. Kit (1) according to any one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that the front and the rear legs (2ba, 2bc) have a width (b2) of at least 4 cm, preferably at least 5 cm.

A kit (1) according to any one of claims 11 to 15, characterized in that the attachment portion (2a) of the attachment member (2) is substantially normal to the attachment member (2) Holding portion (2b) oriented mounting plate (10) is formed, which preferably projects beyond the holding portion (2b) addition.

17. Kit (1) according to claim 16, characterized in that the fastening plate (10) by means of a transverse strut (9) in addition to the holding portion (2b) of the fastening element (2) is connected.

18. Kit (1) according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that the fastening plate (10) has a number of fastening openings (8).

19 kit (1) according to claim 18, characterized in that the fastening openings (8) of the mounting plate (10) are formed as slots, which are oriented parallel to the longitudinal extent of the mounting plate (10).

20. Kit (1) according to any one of claims 11 to 19, characterized in that the fastening portion (2a) has a length of at least 10 cm, preferably of at least 20 cm.

21. Kit (1) according to any one of claims 11 to 15, characterized in that the fastening portion (2a) is flush with the holding portion (2b) and the rear leg (2bc) and the connecting leg (2bb) continues.

22. Kit (1) according to claim 21, characterized in that the rear leg (2bc) in the attachment portion (2a) mounting holes (8).

23. Kit (1) according to claim 21 or 22, characterized in that the fastening portion (2a) has a length of at least 10 cm, preferably of at least 20 cm.

24. Kit (1) according to any one of claims 11 to 15, characterized in that the fastening element (2) in the region of the fastening portion (2a) has a standing plate (11) which is oriented normal to the longitudinal extent of the holding portion (2a).

25. Kit (1) according to claim 25, characterized in that the standing plate (11) has a number of fastening openings (8).

26. Kit (1) according to claim 24 or 25, characterized in that the fastening portion (2a) of the fastening element (2) at least one mandrel (7a, 7b), which is preferably oriented substantially parallel to the standing plate (11).

27. Kit (1) according to claim 24 or 25, characterized in that the fastening portion (2a) of the fastening element (2) has at least two superposed mandrels (7a, 7b), which are preferably oriented substantially parallel to the standing plate (11) and preferably at least 5cm apart.

28 kit (1) according to claim 26 or 27, characterized in that the at least one mandrel or the two mandrels (7a, 7b) have a length of at least 20cm, preferably of at least 30cm.

29. Kit (1) according to any one of claims 24 to 28, characterized in that the rear leg (2bc) is widened in an adjoining the standing plate (11) area and preferably has a number of mounting holes (8).

30. Kit (1) according to any one of claims 11 to 15, characterized in that the fastening portion (2a) is flush with the holding portion and the rear leg (2bc) and the connecting leg (2bb) continues.

31 kit (1) according to claim 30, characterized in that the fastening portion (2a) at least one, preferably two mandrels (7a), which are preferably oriented substantially normal to the rear connecting leg (2bc).

32. Kit (1) according to claim 30 or 31, characterized in that rear connecting leg (2bc) is widened at least in the region of the fastening portion (2a) and preferably has a number of fastening openings (8).

33. Kit (1) according to any one of claims 30 to 32, characterized in that the rear connecting leg (2bc) has at least one, preferably two opposing notches.

34. Kit (1) according to any one of claims 30 to 33, characterized in that the fastening element (2) in the region of the holding portion (2b) one of the front leg (2ba) having substantially normal protruding mandrel (7c), which preferably has a length of at least 20cm.

35. A method for creating a parapet structure on a building (4) using a number of plate elements (3, 3a, 3b) and a number of fasteners (2) for attachment to the building (4), comprising at least the following steps: a ) Fastening a fastening element (2) to a spacer holding element (6), wherein a holding section (2b) of the fastening element (2) projects beyond the spacer element (6) at least partially upwards, b) attaching the spacer element (6) to an outer cast-in-place wall formwork ( 5), wherein an upper edge (12) of the spacer element (6) at a defined height of the Ortbetonwandschalung (5) comes to rest, c) attaching an inner Ortbetonwandschalung and at least partially Einbetonieren the fastener (2), d) placing two plate elements (3, 3a, 3b) on the upper edge (12) of the spacer element (6) and connecting to a holding portion (2b) of the fastener (2).

36. A method for creating a parapet structure on a building (4) using a number of plate elements (3, 3a, 3b) and a number of fasteners (2) for attachment to the building (4), wherein each fastener (2) at least a holding portion (2b) and a fixing portion (2a), said holding portion (2b) having a front leg (2ba), a connecting leg (2bb) and a rear leg (2bc), which together substantially have the shape of an H-profile and the fastening section (2a) of the fastening element (2) is designed as a fastening plate (10) oriented substantially normal to the retaining section (2b), comprising at least the following steps: a) fixing a fastening element (2) on a building ceiling, preferably a concrete ceiling, b) inserting and connecting two plate elements (3, 3a, 3b) in the holding portion (2b) of the fastener (2).

37. A method for creating a parapet structure on a building (4) using a number of plate elements (3, 3a, 3b) and a number of fasteners (2) for attachment to the building (4), wherein each fastener (2) at least a holding portion (2b) and a fixing portion (2a), said holding portion (2b) having a front leg (2ba), a connecting leg (2bb) and a rear leg (2bc), which together substantially have the shape of an H-profile forming and the fastening portion (2a) flush with the holding portion (2b) and the rear and the connecting leg (2bb) continues, comprising at least the following steps: a) fixing a fastener (2) on a building ceiling, preferably a concrete ceiling, or one Gebäekeauskragung, preferably a precast concrete part, by connecting the rear leg (2bc) of the holding portion (2b) with the building ceiling or the Gebäudeauskragung, b) inserting and connecting two plate elements (3, 3a, 3b) in the holding portion of the fastener (2).

38. A method for creating a parapet structure on a building (4) using a number of plate elements (3, 3a, 3b) and a number of fasteners (2) for attachment to the building (4), wherein each fastener (2) at least a holding portion (2b) and a fixing portion (2a), said holding portion (2b) having a front leg (2ba), a connecting leg (2bb) and a rear leg (2bc), which together substantially have the shape of an H-profile forming and the fastening element (2) in the region of the fastening portion (2a) has a standing plate (10) oriented normal to the longitudinal extent of the holding portion (2b), comprising at least the following steps: a) attaching the standing plate of a fastener (2) a masonry or a building ceiling, preferably a slab formwork, b) inserting and connecting two plate elements (3, 3a, 3b) in the holding portion (2b) of the fastener (2).

39. A method for creating a parapet structure on a building (4) using a number of plate elements (3, 3a, 3b) and a number of fasteners (2) for attachment to the building (4), wherein each fastener (2) at least a holding portion (2b) and a fixing portion (2a), said holding portion (2b) having a front leg (2ba), a connecting leg (2bb) and a rear leg (2bc), which together substantially have the shape of an H-profile forming and the fastening portion (2a) flush with the holding portion (2b) and the rear leg (2bc) and the connecting leg (2bb) continues, comprising at least the following steps: a) attaching a fastener (2) at a defined height an in-situ concrete wall formwork (5), b) attaching an inner cast-in-place wall formwork (5) and at least partially setting in concrete of the fastening element (2), c) inserting two P lattenelemente (3, 3a, 3b) in the holding portion of the fastener (2), d) connecting the plate members (3, 3a, 3b) with the holding portion of the fastener (2).