EP3173699A1 - Heating device, in particular gas and/or oil burner device, and method for operating a heating device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a heater device, in particular gas and / or oil burner device, with at least one control unit (10a, 10b), which is provided, depending on at least one Luftzahlkenngröße (12a) and at least one combustion air flow parameter (14a, 16a) an air ratio to one Set with at least one sensor unit (18a; 18b), which is provided for measuring the Luftzahlkenngröße (12a), with at least one Verbrennungsluftdosierer (20a; 20b), which is provided, at least depending on an effective combustion air flow parameter (14a) at least one combustion air flow (22a, 22b) to be conveyed, wherein the control unit (10a, 10b) is provided for setting the air ratio to the desired air ratio to determine a virtual combustion air flow parameter (16a).

Description

State of the art

A method for operating a heater device is already known from the prior art, in which a combustion air flow is determined to set a number of air to a desired air ratio.

Disclosure of the invention

The invention relates to a heater device, in particular a gas and / or oil burner device, preferably for combustion air-fuel mixture combustion, with at least one control unit, which is provided depending on at least one Luftzahlkenngröße and at least one combustion air flow parameter, in particular a virtual combustion air flow parameter and / or an effective combustion air flow parameter to set an air ratio to a desired air ratio, with at least one sensor unit which is provided for measuring the Luftzahlkenngröße with at least one Verbrennungsluftdosierer which is provided, at least depending on an effective combustion air flow parameter at least one combustion air flow and preferably at least partially to promote a fuel flow and more preferably a combustion air-fuel mixture stream.

It is proposed that the control unit for setting the air ratio to the desired air number is intended to determine a virtual combustion air flow parameter, in particular at regular, preferably periodic, time intervals and in particular during fault operation. This can increase energy efficiency. The heater device may be changes in a fuel and / or combustion air path of a heater, for example, by deviations in an obstruction, by impurities and / or by external Influences such as pressure differences, recognize and compensate, which in particular improves reliability and service life can be increased.

In this context, a "heater device" is to be understood as meaning, in particular, at least one part, in particular a subassembly, of a heating device, in particular of a gas and / or oil burner. In particular, the heater device may also include the entire heater, in particular the entire gas and / or oil burner. Advantageously, the heater device, in particular additionally, at least one combustion unit, at least one supply unit and / or at least have a fuel meter.

In this context, a "combustion unit" should be understood to mean, in particular, a unit which is intended, in particular, to burn a combustion air / fuel mixture and in particular generates at least one heating flame. By "provided" is intended to be understood in particular specially programmed, designed and / or equipped. The fact that an object is intended for a specific function should in particular mean that the object fulfills and / or executes this specific function in at least one application and / or operating state. A "supply unit" is to be understood in particular as a unit which is provided in particular for supplying a combustion air flow, a fuel flow and / or a combustion air-fuel mixture flow to the combustion unit. For this purpose, the supply unit in particular has at least one combustion air path, a fuel path and / or a combustion air / fuel mixture path. A "fuel metering device" is to be understood as meaning in particular a unit, in particular electrical and / or electronic unit, in particular an actuator unit, preferably a metering unit, which is intended to promote a fuel flow, in particular a fuel quantity and / or a fuel quality, and in particular to influence, create, adjust, and / or regulate. Preferably, the fuel meter is designed as an actuator. In this case, the fuel metering device can be designed, in particular, as any unit, in particular a metering unit, which appears expedient to a person skilled in the art, for example as a fuel pump, in particular throughput variable. Advantageously, the fuel meter is designed as a, in particular variable throughput, fuel valve. Particularly preferably, the Brennstoffdosierer at least one, advantageously designed as a mass flow sensor, fuel measuring unit, which is intended to the fuel flow precisely to eat. A "Verbrennungsluftdosierer" should be understood to mean a, in particular electrical and / or electronic, unit, in particular an actuator unit, preferably a metering unit, which is at least provided to promote a combustion air flow, in particular quantity and / or a speed in particular to influence, adjust, regulate and / or generate. Preferably, the combustion air meter, in particular depending on the positioning of the combustion air meter along the supply unit and in particular relative to the fuel meter, intended to promote at least partially a fuel flow, in particular amount and / or speed, and in particular to influence, generate, adjust and / or to regulate. Particularly preferably, the combustion air meter, in particular depending on the positioning of the combustion air meter along the supply unit and in particular relative to the fuel meter, intended to promote a combustion air-fuel mixture flow, in particular - quantity and / or speed, and in particular to produce, adjust and / or regulate. Preferably, the combustion air meter is designed as an actuator. In this case, the combustion air metering device can be designed, in particular, as any unit that appears expedient to a person skilled in the art, in particular a metering unit, such as, for example, a compressor, in particular a variable-capacity compressor. Advantageously, the combustion air meter is designed as a, in particular variable-speed fan, in particular as a fan and / or as a fan. In particular, the combustion air metering device and / or the fuel metering device are provided to modulate an air ratio parameter and, in particular, a heating capacity of the heater device.

In this context, a "control unit" is to be understood as meaning a unit which is at least provided to control and / or regulate at least one operation of the heater device. The control unit is in particular an electrical and / or electronic unit which has at least one control electronics. In particular, a "control electronics" is to be understood as meaning a unit having a computing unit and a memory unit as well as an operating, control and / or regulating program stored in the memory unit, which is provided in particular for execution by the computing unit. Alternatively, it is conceivable that the memory unit is formed separately from the control unit. In particular, the control unit is provided to provide control and / or control signals for adjusting and / or adjusting the combustion air meter and / or the fuel meter. Furthermore, the control unit is to provided, at least by adjusting and / or adjusting the Verbrennungsluftdosierers and / or the fuel meter to provide a requested heating power. Furthermore, the control unit is provided to adjust the air ratio to the desired air ratio by adjusting and / or adjusting the combustion air meter and / or the fuel meter.

Furthermore, an "air number" in this context should be understood to mean, in particular, a factor which determines a quality of combustion and / or by means of which a quality of a combustion can be deduced. In particular, the air ratio corresponds to a ratio of an amount of combustion air actually contained in a mixture, in particular the combustion air-fuel mixture, to a stoichiometrically required amount of combustion air, which is required in particular for complete combustion. In particular, it is possible to draw conclusions on the course of combustion, a combustion temperature, a pollutant formation and / or an efficiency of the combustion on the basis of the air ratio. An air ratio which has the value 1 corresponds in particular to a stoichiometric combustion air ratio. An air ratio greater than 1 corresponds in particular to a lean combustion air-fuel mixture and accordingly has, in particular, a combustion air excess. An air ratio less than 1 corresponds in particular to a rich combustion air-fuel mixture and accordingly has, in particular, a lack of combustion air. In particular, the air ratio corresponds to one, in particular indirect, control and / or controlled variable. Furthermore, a "desired air ratio" in this context should be understood to mean, in particular, an air number below which combustion is to take place and / or which leads to optimized combustion, advantageously a stable heating flame, a minimum pollutant emission and / or a maximum efficiency. Advantageously, the desired air ratio is in a slightly lean combustion air-fuel mixture range, and in particular between 1.15 and 1.45, preferably between 1.2 and 1.4 and particularly preferably between 1.25 and 1.35. In particular, the desired air ratio is constant in an operating state in which a requested heat output is constant and / or unchanged.

Furthermore, an "air ratio" in this context is to be understood in particular to mean a parameter which is correlated with an air number. In particular, the control and / or regulating unit can at least close the air ratio based on the number of air figures and / or determine the air ratio. It is conceivable that the air ratio is identical to the air ratio. Advantageously, however, the air number characteristic corresponds to a value representing the air number. In particular, the air number characteristic corresponds to a, in particular direct, control and / or controlled variable. Advantageously, the air-number parameter is a combustion signal, in particular that measured by the sensor unit, preferably an electrical and / or electronic ionization signal. This may in particular be a voltage and / or a current signal.

The sensor unit is in particular provided to monitor a combustion of the combustion air-fuel mixture. The sensor unit comprises, in particular for the measurement of the effective air number characteristic, at least one sensor, which is preferably designed as an ionization sensor, advantageously as an ionization electrode and / or particularly preferably as a flame ionization electrode. Alternatively or additionally, it is conceivable that the sensor unit, in particular for the measurement of the air-number characteristic, comprises any sensor that appears sensible to a person skilled in the art, which may be designed in particular as an electrical, optical and / or chemical sensor, such as a temperature sensor, thermoelectric sensor , Lambda probe, gas sensor, in particular carbon monoxide sensor and / or carbon dioxide sensor, radiation sensor, in particular infrared radiation sensor and / or ultraviolet radiation sensor. The sensor unit could, for example, be arranged inside the feed unit, in particular in a combustion air path, a fuel path and / or a combustion air-fuel mixture flow path. Preferably, however, the sensor unit is arranged in a vicinity of the combustion unit, in particular the heating flame of the combustion unit, and in particular in a combustion chamber of the heater device. In this context, a "near zone" should be understood to mean, in particular, a spatial area which is formed by points which each have a distance of at most 50 cm, advantageously at most 30 cm, preferably at most 10 cm and particularly preferably at most 5 cm have a reference point and / or a reference component.

A "combustion air flow parameter" should in particular be understood to mean a parameter which is correlated in particular with a combustion air flow, in particular a quantity and / or a velocity. Preferably, the combustion air flow parameter is at least partially correlated with a fuel flow, in particular a quantity and / or a velocity. Especially preferred is the combustion air flow parameter with a combustion air-fuel mixture flow, in particular a quantity and / or a speed, correlated. Advantageously, the combustion flow parameter corresponds to the combustion air flow, in particular the amount and / or the velocity, preferably at least partially the fuel flow, in particular amount and / or velocity and particularly preferably the combustion air-fuel mixture flow, in particular amount and / or speed, imaging value. The control unit is provided, in particular, at least on the basis of the combustion air flow parameter, the combustion air flow, in particular the amount and / or speed, preferably at least partially to the fuel flow, in particular amount and / or speed and more preferably to the combustion air fuel mixture stream, in particular amount and / or speed to close and / or determine this. In particular, the combustion air flow parameter corresponds to one, in particular direct, control and / or controlled variable. In this context, a "virtual combustion air flow parameter" should be understood in particular to mean a combustion air flow parameter which can be measured indirectly, preferably detectable by means of the sensor unit and, in particular, determinable by means of the control unit. In this context, "an effective combustion air flow parameter" is to be understood in particular to mean a combustion air flow parameter which can be measured directly, in particular by means of a further sensor unit.

It is further proposed that the combustion air flow parameter corresponds to a rotational speed of the combustion air meter. A "rotational speed of the combustion air meter" is to be understood in particular as a rotational speed of at least one rotatable component, preferably a rotor, relative to at least one further solid component, in particular a stator, of the combustion air meter. By the fact that the combustion air flow parameter of a speed at least "corresponds" should be understood in particular that the effective combustion air flow characteristic of a directly measurable speed of the Verbrennungsluftdosierers and the virtual combustion air flow parameter represents only one speed of the combustion air. As a result, the combustion air flow parameter can be assigned to an operating parameter of the heater device in a simple manner.

It is further proposed that the control unit is provided, in particular via a measurement of the air ratio characteristic, to determine the virtual combustion air flow parameter by means of the sensor unit.

The control and / or regulating unit is provided, in particular, for the air ratio characteristic, advantageously by imposing a temporary change, in particular the combustion air flow, in particular quantity and / or speed, preferably at least partially of the fuel flow, in particular amount and / or speed and most preferably, the combustion air-fuel mixture flow, in particular amount and / or speed to vary. For this purpose, the heater device in particular on an embossing unit. The control and / or regulating unit is provided, in particular, to determine the temporary change in the air ratio by means of the measurement of the air ratio by the sensor unit, in particular at least two different times, and in particular to determine a time delay between the impact and the measurement of the temporary change in the air figure. In particular, the control unit may be provided to determine the virtual combustion air flow parameter and in particular the combustion air flow based on the determined time delay and with knowledge of constructive dimensions of the supply unit. As a result, the heater device can be checked for normal operation.

However, since changes in dimensions may occur over the course of a service life of the heater device and / or deviating obstruction of the heater device, it is advantageously proposed that the control unit comprise at least one deterministic characteristic by means of which the control unit is provided to determine the virtual combustion air flow parameter , In this context, a "characteristic curve" is to be understood as meaning, in particular, at least one reference curve and / or a reference table with reference values, which is intended to associate at least two variables with one another. In particular, the characteristic is stored in the memory unit as a value table and / or as a mathematical function. In this way, in particular, regardless of changes in dimensions of the supply unit, such as by impurities, a correct operation of the heater device are made possible.

In one embodiment of the invention, it is proposed that the deterministic characteristic is a time delay heating power characteristic. Under a "time delay heating power characteristic" should be understood in particular a characteristic which is intended to assign the time delay of Luftzahlkenngröße and the heating power of the heater device each other. The control unit is provided, in particular, for determining a heating output assigned to the determined time delay by means of the time delay heating power characteristic curve. As a result, the time delay of a heating power can be assigned in a simple manner.

It is also conceivable that the deterministic characteristic is a time delay combustion air flow characteristic curve. A "time delay combustion air flow characteristic curve" is to be understood, in particular, as a characteristic curve which is intended to associate the time delay and the virtual combustion air flow parameter with one another. The control unit is provided, in particular, for determining by means of the time delay combustion air flow characteristic curve a, in particular virtual, combustion air flow parameter assigned to the determined time delay. In order to simplify a control algorithm, however, it is proposed that the control unit comprise at least one further deterministic characteristic, by means of which the control unit is provided to determine the virtual combustion air flow parameter. In particular, the further deterministic characteristic is different from the deterministic characteristic and, however, advantageously has at least one quantity which also includes the deterministic characteristic.

Furthermore, it is proposed that the further deterministic characteristic curve is a heating power combustion air flow characteristic curve. A "heating power combustion air flow characteristic curve" is to be understood in particular as a characteristic which is intended to associate the heating power and the virtual combustion air flow parameter to one another. The control unit is provided, in particular, for determining the assigned virtual combustion air flow parameter by means of the heating power combustion air flow characteristic curve of the determinable heating power. As a result, the combustion air flow parameter can be assigned in a simple manner to the heating power.

It is further proposed that the heater device comprises a further sensor unit, by means of which the control unit is provided to determine the effective combustion air flow parameter. In the other sensor unit acts it is in particular a sensor unit which is provided to measure the speed of the combustion air meter, advantageously directly. Preferably, the further sensor unit for detecting the effective combustion air flow parameter at least one sensor, which is designed in particular as a Hall sensor. As a result, the effective combustion air flow parameter can be measured directly in a reliable manner.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is proposed that the control unit is provided to determine a deviation of the virtual combustion air flow parameter from the effective combustion air flow parameter and to take into account when setting the air ratio to the desired air ratio. In particular, the control unit has an evaluation program, which is stored in particular in the memory unit and which is provided to determine a deviation of the virtual combustion air flow parameter from the effective combustion air flow parameter. Furthermore, it is proposed that the control unit is provided to detect a deviation of the virtual combustion air flow parameter from the effective combustion air flow parameter, if these are at least 1%, advantageously at least 5%, preferably at least 10% and particularly preferably at least 30% at most differ from each other. In the case of a deviation of the virtual combustion air flow parameter from the effective combustion air flow parameter, the control unit is in particular provided to use the virtual combustion air flow parameter to set the air number to the desired air number and / or to take the deviation into account. In this way, in particular, an operation of the heater device can be achieved, which is at least substantially independent of changing operating and / or boundary conditions.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, it is proposed that the control unit for setting the air ratio to the setpoint air ratio has at least one control characteristic which is designed as an air ratio characteristic combustion air flow characteristic curve. Under a Luftzahlkenngrößen-combustion air flow characteristic curve, should in particular be understood a characteristic which is intended to assign the combustion air flow parameter, in particular the virtual combustion air flow parameter and / or the effective combustion air flow parameter, and the air figure parameter to each other. In particular, the control unit is provided for the air-fuel ratio parameter in at least one operating state, in particular a control and / or control operating state, in the manner of a control and / or regulation and in particular based on at least the control characteristic, in particular such that the air ratio characteristic at least substantially corresponds to the desired Luftzahlkenngröße and thereby in particular the air ratio at least substantially equal to the desired air ratio. Preferably, the air ratio and / or the air-fuel ratio in a normal operating state at least substantially corresponds to the desired air-fuel ratio and / or the desired air-fuel-ratio characteristic. Under the fact that the air ratio and / or the Luftzahlkenngröße "at least substantially" corresponds to the desired air ratio and / or the Soll Luftzahlkenngröße should be understood in particular that a relative deviation of the air ratio and / or Luftzahlkenngröße of the desired air ratio and / or the desired air ratio is at most 10%, preferably at most 5% and particularly preferably at most 2%. Furthermore, a "normal operating state" should in particular be understood as an operating state in which, in particular, an advantageous, in particular most efficient and / or constant operation of the heater device is provided. Advantageously, a normal operating state should be understood to mean a control operating state in which the air ratio is regulated in particular to the desired air ratio and, in particular, corresponds at least substantially to the desired air ratio. The control unit is preferably provided to correct the control characteristic, in particular at regular, preferably periodic, time intervals in order to correct the deviation between the virtual and the effective combustion air flow parameter.

Furthermore, a method for operating a heater device is proposed in which a virtual combustion air flow parameter is determined for setting an air number to a desired air number. This can increase energy efficiency.

The heater device should not be limited to the above-described application and embodiment. In particular, in order to fulfill a mode of operation described herein, the heater device may have a number different from a number of individual elements, components and units mentioned herein.

drawing

Further advantages emerge from the following description of the drawing. In the drawings, embodiments of the invention are shown. The drawing, the description and the claims contain numerous features in combination. The person skilled in the art will expediently also consider the features individually and combine them into meaningful further combinations.

Fig. 1

ein als Gasbrenner ausgebildetes Heizgerät mit einer Heizgerätevorrichtung in einer schematischen Darstellung,

Fig. 2

ein Schaubild einer Determinier-Kennlinie der Heizgerätevorrichtung,

Fig. 3

ein Schaubild einer weiteren Determinier-Kennlinie der Heizgerätevorrichtung,

Fig. 4

ein Schaubild einer Regel-Kennlinie der Heizgerätevorrichtung,

Fig. 5

ein Schaubild einer weiteren Regel-Kennlinie der Heizgerätevorrichtung,

Fig. 6

ein beispielhaftes Ablaufdiagramm für ein Verfahren zum Betrieb der Heizgerätevorrichtung und

Fig. 7

ein alternatives Ausführungsbeispiel eines als Gasbrenner ausgebildetes Heizgeräts mit einer Heizgerätevorrichtung in einer schematischen Darstellung.

Show it:

Fig. 1

a trained as a gas burner heater with a heater device in a schematic representation,

Fig. 2

a diagram of a determination characteristic of the heater device,

Fig. 3

a diagram of a further deterministic characteristic of the heater device,

Fig. 4

a diagram of a control characteristic of the heater device,

Fig. 5

a diagram of another control characteristic of the heater device,

Fig. 6

an exemplary flowchart for a method for operating the heater device and

Fig. 7

an alternative embodiment of a designed as a gas burner heater with a heater device in a schematic representation.

Description of the embodiments

FIG. 1 shows an exemplary designed as a gas burner heater 32a in a schematic representation. The heater 32a has a heater device.

The heater apparatus includes a combustion air meter 20a. The combustion air meter 20a is designed as an actuator. In the present case, the combustion air meter 20a is designed as a variable-speed fan and in particular as a fan. The combustion air meter 20a is provided to convey a combustion air flow 22a. Furthermore, the heater device has an embossing unit 34a. In the present case, the embossing unit 34a is intended to impose a temporary change on the combustion air flow 22a in at least one operating state.

Furthermore, the heater apparatus includes a fuel feeder 36a. The fuel meter 36a is designed as an actuator. In the present case, the fuel metering device 36a is designed as a throughput variable and in particular electronic fuel valve. The fuel meter 36a is designed as a control valve. The fuel doser 36a is provided to generate and / or convey a fuel stream 38a. In the present case, the fuel is a gas. In addition, the fuel meter 36a is provided to adjust an amount of fuel. Alternatively or additionally, a fuel metering device may comprise a fuel metering unit, whereby the fuel metering device is in particular provided to precisely measure a quantity of fuel.

The heater device has a supply unit 40a. The supply unit 40a comprises a combustion air path. The combustion air path is intended to guide the combustion air flow 22a. The supply unit 40a further includes a fuel path. The fuel path is intended to guide the fuel flow 38a. Moreover, the supply unit 40a comprises a combustion air-fuel mixture path. The combustion air-fuel mixture passage is provided to mix the combustion air flow 22a with the fuel flow 38a. The combustion air-fuel mixture flow path is further provided to guide a combustion air-fuel mixture stream 42.

The heater apparatus includes a combustion unit 44a. The combustion unit 44a is provided to combust a combustion air-fuel mixture of the combustion air-fuel mixture flow 42a. Incidentally, the combustion unit 44a is provided to generate a heating flame 46a. In the present case, the combustion unit 44a is provided to generate the heating flame 46a in a combustion chamber of the heater apparatus.

The heater device further comprises a sensor unit 18a. The sensor unit 18a has exactly one sensor. The sensor unit 18a is arranged in the combustion chamber of the heater device. In the present case, the sensor unit 18a is arranged in a vicinity of the heating flame 46a of the combustion unit 44a. The sensor of the sensor unit 18a is formed as a flame ionization electrode. The sensor unit 18a is provided in the present case to detect an air-fuel ratio parameter 12a of the combustion. The air ratio characteristic 12a corresponds to a control and / or controlled variable. In the present case, the air ratio 12a corresponds to one Ionization value of the combustion. The sensor unit 18a makes use of the fact that flames conduct electricity when an electrical voltage is applied. Alternatively, it is conceivable to use a plurality of sensor units and / or sensor units with a plurality of sensors. In this case, the sensor units could in particular be designed differently from a flame ionization electrode and / or arranged in another area of the heater device.

Furthermore, the heater device has a further sensor unit 28a. The further sensor unit 28a has exactly one sensor. The sensor unit 28a is disposed on the combustion air meter 20a. It is conceivable that the further sensor unit 28a is a part of the combustion air meter 20a. The sensor of the further sensor unit 28a is designed as a Hall sensor. The further sensor unit 28a is provided in the present case to measure an effective combustion air flow parameter 14a directly. In the present case, the effective combustion air flow parameter 14a corresponds to a rotational speed of the combustion air meter 20a. In other words, the further sensor unit 28a is provided to directly measure a rotational speed of the combustion air meter 20a. Alternatively, it is conceivable to use a plurality of further sensor units and / or further sensor units with a plurality of sensors. In this case, the further sensor units could be designed differently in particular by a Hall sensor and / or be arranged in and / or at another area and / or component of the heater device.

Furthermore, the heater device has a control unit 10a. The control unit 10a is provided to control an operation of the heater apparatus. For this purpose, the control unit 10a has an arithmetic unit, a memory unit and an operating program stored in the computer memory unit, which is intended to be executed by the arithmetic unit. The control unit 10a is provided to provide a requested heating power. For this purpose, the control unit 10a has an electrical connection to the combustion air meter 20a. In addition, the control unit 10a has an electrical connection to the fuel meter 36a. Furthermore, the control unit 10a has an electrical connection to the sensor unit 18a. Furthermore, the control unit 10a has an electrical connection with the embossing unit 34a. Furthermore, the control unit 10a has an electrical connection with the further sensor unit 28a. Alternatively, it is conceivable that a control unit has a wireless connection to a combustion air meter, a fuel meter and / or a sensor unit. Furthermore, a control unit could and a memory unit may be formed separately. The control unit 10a is provided to provide control signals for adjusting the combustion air meter 20a and the fuel meter 36a. In addition, the control unit 10a is provided to detect current operating values of the heater device. In this case, the control unit 10a is provided to detect a fuel metering signal of the fuel meter 36a, a combustion air metering signal of the combustion air meter 20a and a sensor signal of the sensor unit 18a.

The control unit 10a is provided to control and / or regulate the air number characteristic 13a to a desired air-figure characteristic 12a, so that the air number corresponds to the desired air number. Accordingly, the control unit 10a is provided to directly control and / or regulate the air ratio characteristic 13a and indirectly control and regulate the air ratio. In the present case, the control unit 10a is provided to set the air ratio in the manner of a control to the desired air ratio in a control operating state and to set the air ratio in the manner of a control to the desired air ratio in a control operating state and / or a normal operating state , The control unit 10a is provided to adjust the air ratio based on characteristics 24a, 26a, 30a to the desired air ratio. The characteristic curves 24a, 26a, 30a are stored as value tables in the memory unit.

FIG. 2 FIG. 12 is a diagram of a determinating characteristic 24a of the heater apparatus. The deterministic characteristic 24a is stored in the memory unit. The deterministic characteristic 24a is formed as a time delay heating power characteristic. The time delay is shown on an ordinate axis 48a. On an abscissa axis 50a, the heating power is shown. The exemplary course of the reference curve of the characteristic 24a assigns the time delay and the heating power to each other. The control unit 10a is provided to determine a virtual combustion air flow parameter 16a by means of the determination characteristic curve 24a. For this purpose, the control unit 10a is provided to determine a heating power 54a by means of the deterministic characteristic curve 24a, by means of the determining characteristic 24 of a determined time delay 52a, the heating power 54a assigns.

FIG. 3 shows a graph of the further deterministic characteristic 26 a of the heater device. The control unit 10a comprises the further deterministic characteristic 26a. The further deterministic characteristic 26a is stored in the memory unit. The further deterministic characteristic 26a is as a heating power combustion air flow characteristic educated. On an ordinate axis 56a, the heating power is shown. The combustion air flow parameter is shown on an abscissa axis 58a. The exemplary course of a reference curve of the further deterministic characteristic 26a assigns the heating power and the combustion air flow parameter to one another. The control unit 10a is provided to determine the virtual combustion air flow parameter 16a by means of the further determination characteristic curve 26a. The control unit 10a is provided to determine the virtual combustion air flow parameter 16a by assigning the determined heating power 54a to the virtual combustion air flow parameter 16a by means of the further determination characteristic 26a.

FIG. 4 shows a diagram of the control characteristic 30 a of the heater device. The control unit 10a has the control characteristic 30a. The control characteristic 30a is stored in the memory unit. The control characteristic 30a is used by the control unit 10a for setting the air ratio to the desired air ratio. The control characteristic curve 30a is designed as an air ratio characteristic combustion air flow characteristic curve. On an ordinate axis 60a, the air ratio is shown. The combustion air flow parameter is shown on an abscissa axis 62a. The exemplary course of the reference curve of the control characteristic assigns the air ratio and the combustion air flow parameter to each other. The control characteristic 30a shows the assignment for the target air ratio of 1.2. Furthermore, in FIG. 4 The control characteristic curve 30a "shows an assignment of the air ratio and the combustion air flow parameter for an air number of 1. The control characteristic 30a 'shows an assignment of the air ratio and the combustion air flow parameter for an air ratio of 1 ; 4. The control unit 10a is provided to set the air ratio characteristic 13a in at least one operating state, in particular a control and / or control operating state, in the manner of a control and / or regulation and in particular based on at least the control characteristic, in particular such that the air figure characteristic 13a at least substantially corresponds to the desired air-fuel ratio parameter 12a and thereby in particular the air ratio at least substantially corresponds to the desired air ratio.

FIG. 5 shows a diagram of another control characteristic 64a, which in particular may be included by the control unit 10a. The further control characteristic 64a is designed as an air-number-characteristic heating-power characteristic. On an ordinate axis 66a, the air ratio is shown. The heating power is shown on an abscissa axis 68a. The further control characteristic 30a may be the control unit 10a in particular to adjust the air ratio to the desired air ratio. The exemplary course of the reference curves of the control characteristic assigns the air ratio and the heat output to each other. The control characteristic 64a shows an assignment of the air ratio and the heating power for the target air ratio of 1.2. Furthermore, in FIG. 5 for comparison, further alternative control characteristic curves 64a ', 64a "are shown. Control characteristic 64a" shows an allocation of the air ratio parameter and the heating power for an air number of 1. The control characteristic 64a' shows an assignment of the air number parameter and the heating power for an air number of 1.4. The control unit 10a can be provided, in particular, to set the air-number characteristic in at least one operating state, in particular a control and / or control operating state, in the manner of a control and / or regulation and in particular based on at least the further control characteristic 64a. In this case, a control and / or control directly via a determination of the heating power, in particular by means of the deterministic curve 24a, take place. Alternatively or additionally, it is conceivable that instead of the virtual and effective combustion air flow parameters, the control unit is intended to determine a virtual and an effective heating power and preferably to use for control.

The FIG. 5 shows an exemplary flowchart for operation of the heater device. In the present case, the control unit 10a is provided to carry out a method in which an air ratio is set to a desired air ratio at least as a function of the air ratio characteristic 12a and a combustion air flow parameter 14a, 16a. The method is executed by the control unit 10a by means of an operating program stored in the memory unit.

The method comprises a method step 70a. In method step 70a, a time delay 52a is determined. For this purpose, by means of the control unit 10a of the combustion air stream 22a and / or the combustion air-fuel mixture stream 42a is varied by impressing means of the imprinting unit 34a. This leads to a temporary change in the air ratio. The control unit 10a measures the temporary change in the air ratio by means of the sensor unit 18a. By means of the control unit 10a, from the temporary change of the air number parameter, the time delay 52a between the imprinting and the detection of the temporary change is determined. Furthermore, in the method step 70a, the control unit 10a determines the heating power 54a associated with the specific time delay 52a by means of the determination characteristic 24a.

Furthermore, the method comprises a method step 72a. In the method step 72a, the virtual combustion air flow parameter 16a assigned to the determined heating power 54a is determined by the control unit 10a by means of the further determination characteristic 26a.

Furthermore, the method comprises a method step 74a. In the method step 74a, the control unit 10a determines the effective combustion air flow variable 14a by means of the further sensor unit 28a. Subsequently, a deviation of the virtual combustion air flow parameter 16a from the effective combustion air flow parameter 14a is determined by the control unit 10a. If the deviation is less than a relative deviation of the virtual combustion air flow characteristic 16a from the effective combustion air flow characteristic 14a of 5%, the effective combustion air flow characteristic 14a is used to set the air characteristic to a target air flow characteristic. If the deviation of the virtual combustion air flow parameter 16a from the effective combustion air flow parameter 14a is greater than 5%, the virtual combustion air flow parameter 16a is used to set the air code to a desired air characteristic. Furthermore, the control characteristic 10a corrects the control characteristic 30a, in particular at regular, preferably periodic, time intervals, by the deviation of the virtual combustion air flow parameter 16a from the effective combustion air flow parameter 14a. In particular, the correction is an offset correction of the abscissa axis 62a by the amount of deviation of the virtual combustion air flow parameter 16a from the effective combustion air flow parameter 14a.

Furthermore, the method comprises a method step 76a. In the method step 76a, the air ratio characteristic 13a is adjusted by the control unit 10a by means of the fuel metering device 36a and / or the combustion air metering device 20a to the target air ratio 12a, such that the air ratio to the desired air ratio is obtained for the corresponding combustion air flow parameter 14a, 16a is set.

In the FIG. 7 a further embodiment of the invention is shown. The following descriptions and the drawings are essentially limited to the differences between the exemplary embodiments, with reference in principle to the drawings and / or the description of the other exemplary embodiments with regard to identically named components, in particular with regard to components having the same reference numbers. especially the FIGS. 1 to 6 , can be referenced. To distinguish the embodiments of the letter a is the reference numerals of the embodiment in the FIGS. 1 to 6 readjusted. In the embodiment of FIG. 7 the letter a is replaced by the letter b.

The further embodiment differs at least substantially from the previous embodiment in that here the combustion air meter 20b is provided to promote a combustion air-fuel mixture stream 42b. This is due to the positioning of the combustion air meter 20b along the supply unit 40b in the area of the combustion air-fuel mixture path. In contrast, in the previous embodiment in the FIG. 1 the combustion air dosing 20a arranged in the region of the combustion air path.

Claims (12)

Heater device, in particular gas and / or oil burner device, with at least one control unit (10a, 10b), which is provided depending on at least one Luftzahlkenngröße (12a) and at least one combustion air flow parameter (14a, 16a) set an air ratio to a desired air ratio , with at least one sensor unit (18a; 18b), which is provided for measuring the air ratio (12a), with at least one combustion air meter (20a; 20b), which is provided, at least one combustion air flow (14a) dependent on an effective combustion air flow parameter (14a). 22a, 22b), wherein the control unit (10a, 10b) is provided for setting the air ratio to the desired air number to determine a virtual combustion air flow parameter (16a). Heating apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the combustion air flow parameter (14a; 16a) at least corresponds to a rotational speed of the combustion air meter (20a; 20b). Heater device according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the control unit (10a, 10b) is provided to determine the virtual combustion air flow parameter (16a) by means of the sensor unit (18a, 18b). Heating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control unit (10a, 10b) comprises at least one DeterminierKennlinie (24a), by means of which the control unit (10; 10b) is provided to determine the virtual combustion air flow parameter (16a). A heater apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the deterministic characteristic (24a) is a heating power time delay characteristic. Heater device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control unit (10a, 10b) comprises at least one further deterministic characteristic (26a), by means of which the control unit (10a, 10b) is provided to determine the virtual combustion air flow parameter (16a) , Heater device according to one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that the further deterministic characteristic (26a) is a heating power combustion air flow characteristic curve. Heater device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by at least one further sensor unit (28a, 28b), by means of which the control unit (10a, 10b) is provided to determine the effective combustion air flow parameter (14a). Heater device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control unit (10a, 10b) is provided to determine a deviation of the virtual combustion air flow parameter (16a) from the effective combustion air flow parameter (14a) and with an adjustment of the air ratio to the desired air ratio to take into account. Heating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control unit (10a, 10b) for adjusting the air ratio to the desired air ratio at least one control characteristic (24a), which is designed as a Luftzahlkenngrößen-combustion air flow characteristic curve. A heater (32a, 32b) having at least one heater device according to any one of the preceding claims. A method of operating a heater device, in particular according to one of claims 1 to 10, wherein for setting an air ratio to a desired air ratio, a virtual combustion air flow parameter (16a) is determined.

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