EP3162927A1 - Revolving flat card - Google Patents
Revolving flat card Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3162927A1 EP3162927A1 EP16194072.1A EP16194072A EP3162927A1 EP 3162927 A1 EP3162927 A1 EP 3162927A1 EP 16194072 A EP16194072 A EP 16194072A EP 3162927 A1 EP3162927 A1 EP 3162927A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- drum
- licker
- pickup
- plane
- diameter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 238000009960 carding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 17
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011256 aggressive treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001914 calming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144992 flock Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
- D01G15/00—Carding machines or accessories; Card clothing; Burr-crushing or removing arrangements associated with carding or other preliminary-treatment machines
- D01G15/02—Carding machines
- D01G15/12—Details
- D01G15/26—Arrangements or disposition of carding elements
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a revolving flat card.
- the lid portion together with the drum forms the main carding zone and has as function the dissolution of the fiber flakes into single fibers, removal of impurities and dust, elimination of very short fibers, dissolution of nits and parallelization of the fibers.
- hard covers, revolving lids or a mixture of fixed and revolving lids are used. Between the sets of covers and the clothing of the drum forms a narrow gap called the carding nip.
- revolving lids by the revolving lids, guided by arcuate strips - so-called flexible arch, Regulierbogen, Flexbogen or Gleitbogen - are guided along a predetermined distance by these strips in the circumferential direction of the drum.
- the size of the carding nip lies with a revolving flat card between 0.10 to 0.30 mm for cotton or up to 0.40 mm for man-made fibers.
- Wanderdeckelkarden are suitable for the processing of fibers with an average fiber length of 8 to 60 mm.
- the fiber flakes are supplied via a flock feed to a pre-teaser arranged on the circumference of the drum, which opens the fiber flakes and feeds the drum.
- the licker-in is a roller provided with a clothing which removes the fiber flakes from the feed and transfers them to the drum with the aid of the clothing.
- the drum now guides the fibers past fixed lids and traveling lids to a pickup located on its circumference. The customer serves to remove the now processed fibers from the drum and transfer them in the form of a nonwoven for further processing.
- the invention of the present application has for its object to provide a Wanderdeckelkarde, which is characterized by a low height, with as long a processing time for the carding and cleaning of the fibers to avoid fiber damage is provided.
- a revolving flat card for processing fibers with a fiber feed channel, a drum, with a pre-ripper arranged on the circumference of the drum and a pickup arranged on the circumference of the drum is proposed.
- the drum has a working width, a drum axis, a drum diameter and a drum rotation direction.
- the fibers to be processed are transported by the drum in a direction determined by the drum rotation fiber transport direction from the licker to the customer.
- the licker has a licker-in axis and a licker-in diameter.
- the customer has a pickup axis and a pickup diameter.
- a traveling lid unit between the licker-in and the taker, wherein the traveling lid unit is arranged in the fiber transport direction after the licker-in.
- a Vorkardierzone Between the licker-in and the revolving flat aggregate a Vorkardierzone and formed between the revolving flat aggregate and the customer a Nachkardierzone.
- Carding elements and cleaning elements for processing the fibers are provided in the pre-carding zone and the post-carding zone, adapted to the respective requirements.
- the drum axis and the licker-in axis lie in a licker-in plane, and the pickup axis and the drum axis lie in a pickup plane.
- a carding length is determined.
- the remaining part circumference of the drum, which lies in the fiber transport direction between the picking plane and the licker plane is for the carding and cleaning of the Fibers of secondary importance.
- This part of the drum circumference is used for example for the use of a grinder for the clothing of the drum or the control of the air balance.
- the actual carding and cleaning of the fibers is determined over the partial circumference between the licker plane and the pickup plane.
- the traveling lid unit is housed in a main carding zone and the cleaning elements and carding elements in the pre-carding zone and the post-carding zone.
- a fiber which has been transferred to the licker-puller and from there to the drum via the fiber feed channel, circulates on average about two to three times around the drum until it is removed by the pickup from the drum.
- the fibers travel as long as possible. This is achieved by the fact that the licker plane and the pickup plane, viewed in the fiber transport direction, enclose an angle of more than 305 °.
- the cleaning and carding elements must aggressively act on the fibers in order to achieve a high level of effectiveness.
- an aggressive treatment of the fibers leads to fiber damage, the fibers are torn or kinked.
- a larger number of good fibers is entrained by the cleaning elements, which leads to a poor utilization of raw materials and an increased accumulation of waste.
- the path traveled by the fibers during their working is determined by the drum diameter and the angle between the licker plane and the pickup plane, which determines the size of the part circumference which is equipped with carding and cleaning elements. It has been found that a carding length of more than 3,000 mm is necessary to achieve high quality carding and cleaning of the fibers with minimal fiber damage.
- the carding length is greater than 3'100 mm. It will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that an increase in drum diameter would result in an ever greater carding length. However, an increase in the diameter of the drum also results in an increase in the centrifugal forces acting on the fibers at a constant speed of the drum. The speed and the drum diameter determine the peripheral speed of the drum surface. The peripheral speed in turn determines the length of time in which the fibers to be processed pass through the intended carding length. At a high speed, with which the fibers are guided past the cleaning and carding, there is also a high fiber damage. A cleaning and carding with a slow movement of the fibers results in a correspondingly gentle treatment of the fibers.
- the productivity of a revolving flat card can be increased by an increase in the working width of the drum, wherein the working width of a drum of a card today, a technological limit of 1'500 mm prevails.
- a dimension of 1150 to 1250 mm represents the best possible compromise between high production and the purchase of fiber damage.
- Particularly advantageous has a diameter of 1180 mm distinguished.
- the residence time of a fiber on the drum surface is 0.12 seconds. This time is available for cleaning and carding the fiber.
- a fiber is therefore already after one eighth of a second, after it was transferred from the licker-on to the drum surface, removed by the customer already back from the drum surface.
- a further increase in the rotational speed of the drum also results in an increase in the fiber damage due to an increase in the centrifugal forces acting on the fibers. It has been found that, for optimum performance of a card, taking into account the above reasoning regarding the quality of the fiber processing and the required productivity, a drum diameter of 1150 mm to 1250 mm at a speed of the drum of 500 to 650 revolutions per minute is suitable.
- Vorkardierzone and the Nachkardierzone have the same length with respect to the drum surface. Due to the fact that the individual fibers pass through the entire carding length two to three times on average, it has proven to be advantageous to ensure a uniform processing of the fibers through the installed carding and cleaning elements.
- the pre-carding zone is used to prepare the fibers for the subsequent main carding zone.
- the post-carding zone achieves a calming of the fibers which are heavily stressed in the main carding zone. For both areas, Vorkardierzone and Nachkardierzone as long as possible carding length is to be provided.
- the fibers are removed in the form of a nonwoven fabric from the drum after the processing.
- the fleece can be summarized in the sequence to a so-called sliver.
- the peripheral speed of the pick-up is to be selected.
- the resulting by the diameter of the customer and the speed of the customer peripheral speed of the pickup is determined by a necessary takeover capacity due to the required thickness of the sliver and a still to be accepted fiber damage. It has been found that a customer diameter of 50% to 60% of the drum diameter represents a preferable compromise. Particularly preferable is a diameter of 58% with respect to the drum diameter.
- the peripheral speed of the pickup should not be higher than 15% of the peripheral speed of the drum surface.
- the licker-in removes the fibers from the fiber feed channel and transfers them to the drum.
- the transfer of the fibers takes place by means of a metering point, which is attached directly to the licker-in.
- a metering point which is attached directly to the licker-in.
- food troughs are used. With the feed trough, the width of the passage from the fiber feed channel to the licker-in is regulated, whereby a uniform amount of fibers corresponding to a current requirement is taken from the licker-in from the fiber feed channel.
- the fiber guide channel with an inclination of 10 ° to 25 ° brought to the licker-in.
- the fibers which have been removed from the licker-in from the fiber supply channel are taken over by the licker in the first cycle around the licker-in.
- the smaller the diameter of the licker-in the higher the speed of the licker-in is to be selected, which in turn results in a deterioration of conditions on the roving surface for fiber transport (centrifugal forces, fiber damage).
- the licker-in diameter is 18% to 25% of the drum diameter. Particularly preferred is a Vorreisser malmesser of 22% in relation to the drum diameter.
- the elements of the revolving flat card to be operated are not routed to areas which are inaccessible to the operating personnel.
- the height of the Wanderdeckelkarde we essentially determined by the arrangement of the customer and the Wanderdeckelaggregat.
- the revolving flat unit is at least partially guided over the drum. As the licker plane and the picking plane approach each other to less than 55 °, lickerins as well as pickups come to lie laterally below the drum when the main carding zone is to be located above the zenith of the drum.
- the licker plane in the fiber transport direction encloses an angle of 0 ° to 20 ° to a vertical plane through the drum axis.
- Particularly preferred is an arrangement of the licker plane at an angle of 5 ° to 15 ° to the vertical plane through the drum axis.
- FIG. 1 a known Wanderdeckelkarde 1 is shown, wherein fiber flakes are fed from a hopper 2 to a fiber feed channel 3 and a subsequent drum 4.
- the revolving flat card 1 comprises a single drum 4 (master cylinder or so-called drum), which is rotatably supported in a machine frame 5.
- the drum 4 works in a known manner with a traveling lid unit 6, a fiber feeding device in the form of a licker-7, and a fiber collector 8 together, the latter in particular has a so-called takers 9.
- Carding elements and cleaning elements as well as fiber guiding elements, which are not shown here in detail, can be arranged between the revolving flat unit 6, the licker-in 7 and the pick-up 9.
- the fiber collector 8 promotes the sliver 10 to a schematically indicated sliver tray 11.
- the above deck unit 6 is provided a plurality of traveling lids 12, wherein in the FIG. 1 only individual moving lid 12 are shown schematically.
- Today common decking units 6 include a plurality of closely spaced deckle 12, which circulate.
- the moving lid 12 are supported near their respective end faces of endless belts 13 and moved against or with the direction of rotation of the drum 4.
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of the invention.
- a licker-in 7 Arranged on the circumference of the drum 4 are a licker-in 7, a traveling lid unit 6 and a pickup 9.
- the fibers applied to the drum 4 by the licker-in 7 are transported by the drum 4 in the fiber transport direction 30 past the traveling lid unit 6 to the pickup 9.
- the fiber transport direction 30 results from the drum rotation direction 29.
- the licker-in axis 23 and the drum axis 21 lie in the licker-in plane 26.
- the picking axis 25 and the drum axis 21 lie in the picking plane 27.
- the carding zone which extends over an angle ⁇ of extends more than 305 °.
- the carding zone is divided into a pre-carding zone 31, a main carding zone and a post-carding zone 32.
- the pre-carding zone 31 and the post-carding zone 32 are provided with cleaning, carding and Faserleitmaschinen which are arranged opposite the drum surface 28.
- the elements (not shown) are of different design and order, adapted to the purpose of the card and the fibers to be processed.
- the Hauptkardierzone is occupied by the revolving flat 6, which extends over the angle ⁇ between the Vorkardierzone 31 and the Nachkardierzone 32.
- the angle ⁇ is between 100 ° and 150 °, corresponding to the extension of the traveling deck unit 6, a number of revolving lids is used.
- the pre-carding zone 31 and the post-carding zone 32 extend along the drum surface 28 for an identical length.
- the licker-7 is arranged at a certain angle ⁇ to a vertical plane 33 through the drum axis 21.
- the pickup 9 is arranged according to the length of the carding zone.
- the angle ⁇ is 15 ° in the embodiment shown.
- the overall height 34 which results from the arrangement of licker-in 7, pick-up 9 and traveling lid unit 6, is also determined by the drum diameter 20 and the diameter 24. With an arrangement of the licker-7 in the vertical plane 33 and the licker-in diameter 22 an influence have the height 34.
- the height 34 has an effect on the operability of the above the drum 4 arranged elements and should therefore be kept as low as possible.
- the drum 4 has a diameter 20 of 1180 mm
- the licker 7 has a diameter 22 of 250 mm
- the pickup 9 has a diameter 24 of 680 mm.
- the licker-in 7 is arranged at an angle ⁇ of 12 ° to the vertical plane 33 and the inclination of the fiber feed channel 3 is 24 °.
- the licker plane 26 and the pickup plane 27 close an angle ⁇ of 307 °, resulting in a carding length of 3160 mm.
Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Wanderdeckelkarde (1) zur Bearbeitung von Fasern mit einer Trommel (4) mit einer Trommelachse (21), einem Trommeldurchmesser (20), einer Trommeloberfläche (28) und einer Trommeldrehrichtung (29). Am Umfang der Trommel (4) angeordnet ist ein Vorreisser (7) mit einer Vorreisserachse (23) und einem Vorreisserdurchmesser (22) und ein Abnehmer (9) mit einer Abnehmerachse (25) und einem Abnehmerdurchmesser (24) und ein Wanderdeckelaggregat (6). Eine Fasertransportrichtung (30) ist durch die Trommeldrehrichtung (29) in Richtung vom Vorreisser (7) zum Abnehmer (9) bestimmt. Das Wanderdeckelaggregat (6) ist zwischen dem Vorreisser (7) und dem Abnehmer (9) und in Fasertransportrichtung (30) gesehen nach dem Vorreisser (7) angeordnet. Zwischen dem Vorreisser (7) und dem Wanderdeckelaggregat (6) ist eine Vorkardierzone (31) und zwischen dem Wanderdeckelaggregat (6) und dem Abnehmer (9) eine Nachkardierzone (32) gebildet. Die Trommelachse (21) und die Vorreisserachse (23) liegen in einer Vorreisserebene (26) und die Trommelachse (21) und die Abnehmerachse (25) liegen in einer Abnehmerebene (27). Eine Kardierlänge ist durch einen Teilumfang der Trommeloberfläche (28) zwischen der Vorreisserebene (26) und der Abnehmerebene (27) in Fasertransportrichtung (30) bestimmt. Die Vorreisserebene (26) und die Abnehmerebene (27), ausgehend von der Vorreisserebene (26) in Fasertransportrichtung (30) gesehen, schliessen einen Winkel (±) von mehr als 305° ein.The invention relates to a revolving flat card (1) for processing fibers with a drum (4) having a drum axis (21), a drum diameter (20), a drum surface (28) and a drum rotation direction (29). Arranged on the circumference of the drum (4) is a licker-in (7) having a licker-in axis (23) and a licker-in diameter (22) and a pickup (9) having a pickup axis (25) and a pickup diameter (24) and a traveling lid unit (6). , A fiber transport direction (30) is determined by the drum rotation direction (29) in the direction from the licker-in (7) to the pickup (9). The traveling cover unit (6) is arranged between the licker-in (7) and the pickup (9) and in the fiber transport direction (30) after the licker-in (7). Between the licker-in (7) and the revolving flat aggregate (6) a Vorkardierzone (31) and between the revolving flat unit (6) and the pickup (9) a Nachkardierzone (32) is formed. The drum axis (21) and the licker-in axis (23) lie in a licker-in plane (26) and the drum axis (21) and the pickup axis (25) lie in a pickup plane (27). A carding length is determined by a partial circumference of the drum surface (28) between the licker plane (26) and the pickup plane (27) in the fiber transport direction (30). The licker plane (26) and the pickup plane (27), seen from the licker plane (26) in the fiber transport direction (30), enclose an angle (±) of more than 305 °.
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Wanderdeckelkarde. In einer Wanderdeckelkarde bildet der Deckelbereich zusammen mit der Trommel die Hauptkardierzone und hat als Funktion die Auflösung der Faserflocken zu Einzelfasern, Ausscheidung von Verunreinigungen und Staub, Eliminierung von sehr kurzen Fasern, die Auflösung von Nissen und die Parallelisierung der Fasern. Je nach Anwendung einer Wanderdeckelkarde werden dabei Festdeckel, Wanderdeckel oder eine Mischung aus Fest- und Wanderdeckel eingesetzt. Zwischen den Garnituren der Deckel und der Garnitur der Trommel formt sich ein enger Spalt, der Kardierspalt genannt wird. Er ergibt sich beim Einsatz von Wanderdeckeln indem die Wanderdeckel, geführt durch bogenförmige Leisten - sogenannte Flexibelbogen, Regulierbogen, Flexbogen oder Gleitbogen -, in einem durch diese Leisten bestimmten Abstand, in Umfangsrichtung der Trommel entlang geführt werden. Die Grösse des Kardierspaltes liegt bei einer Wanderdeckelkarde zwischen 0.10 bis 0.30 mm für Baumwolle oder bis 0.40 mm für Chemiefasern. Wanderdeckelkarden eignen sich für die Verarbeitung von Fasern mit einer mittleren Faserlänge von 8 bis 60 mm.The present invention relates to a revolving flat card. In a revolving flat card, the lid portion together with the drum forms the main carding zone and has as function the dissolution of the fiber flakes into single fibers, removal of impurities and dust, elimination of very short fibers, dissolution of nits and parallelization of the fibers. Depending on the application of a revolving flat card, hard covers, revolving lids or a mixture of fixed and revolving lids are used. Between the sets of covers and the clothing of the drum forms a narrow gap called the carding nip. It results in the use of revolving lids by the revolving lids, guided by arcuate strips - so-called flexible arch, Regulierbogen, Flexbogen or Gleitbogen - are guided along a predetermined distance by these strips in the circumferential direction of the drum. The size of the carding nip lies with a revolving flat card between 0.10 to 0.30 mm for cotton or up to 0.40 mm for man-made fibers. Wanderdeckelkarden are suitable for the processing of fibers with an average fiber length of 8 to 60 mm.
Bei einer bekannten Wanderdeckelkarde werden die Faserflocken über eine Flockenspeisung einem am Umfang der Trommel angeordneten Vorreisser zugeführt, welcher die Faserflocken öffnet und der Trommel zuführt. Der Vorreisser ist eine mit einer Garnitur versehene Walze, welche die Faserflocken aus der Speisung entnimmt und mit Hilfe der Garnitur auf die Trommel überträgt. Die Trommel führt nun die Fasern vorbei an Festdeckeln und Wanderdeckeln zu einem an ihrem Umfang angeordneten Abnehmer. Der Abnehmer dient dazu die nun bearbeiteten Fasern von der Trommel abzunehmen und diese in Form eines Vlieses der weiteren Bearbeitung zu übergeben.In a known revolving flat card, the fiber flakes are supplied via a flock feed to a pre-teaser arranged on the circumference of the drum, which opens the fiber flakes and feeds the drum. The licker-in is a roller provided with a clothing which removes the fiber flakes from the feed and transfers them to the drum with the aid of the clothing. The drum now guides the fibers past fixed lids and traveling lids to a pickup located on its circumference. The customer serves to remove the now processed fibers from the drum and transfer them in the form of a nonwoven for further processing.
In der
Der Erfindung der vorliegenden Anmeldung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Wanderdeckelkarde zu schaffen, welche sich durch eine geringe Bauhöhe auszeichnet, wobei eine möglichst lange Bearbeitungsdauer für die Kardierung und Reinigung der Fasern zur Vermeidung von Faserschädigungen vorzusehen ist.The invention of the present application has for its object to provide a Wanderdeckelkarde, which is characterized by a low height, with as long a processing time for the carding and cleaning of the fibers to avoid fiber damage is provided.
Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch die Merkmale im kennzeichnenden Teil des unabhängigen Anspruchs.The object is solved by the features in the characterizing part of the independent claim.
Zur Lösung der Aufgabe wird eine Wanderdeckelkarde zur Bearbeitung von Fasern mit einem Faserzuführungskanal, einer Trommel, mit einem am Umfang der Trommel angeordneten Vorreisser und einem am Umfang der Trommel angeordneten Abnehmer vorgeschlagen. Die Trommel hat eine Arbeitsbreite, eine Trommelachse, einen Trommeldurchmesser und eine Trommeldrehrichtung. Die zu bearbeitenden Fasern werden durch die Trommel in einer durch die Trommeldrehrichtung bestimmten Fasertransportrichtung vom Vorreisser zum Abnehmer transportiert. Der Vorreisser hat eine Vorreisserachse und einen Vorreisserdurchmesser. Der Abnehmer hat eine Abnehmerachse und einen Abnehmerdurchmesser. Ebenfalls am Umfang der Trommel ist zwischen dem Vorreisser und dem Abnehmer ein Wanderdeckelaggregat angeordnet, wobei das Wanderdeckelaggregat in Fasertransportrichtung gesehen nach dem Vorreisser angeordnet ist. Zwischen dem Vorreisser und dem Wanderdeckelaggregat ist eine Vorkardierzone und zwischen dem Wanderdeckelaggregat und dem Abnehmer eine Nachkardierzone gebildet. In der Vorkardierzone und der Nachkardierzone sind dem jeweiligen Bedarf angepasst Kardierelemente und Reinigungselemente zur Bearbeitung der Fasern vorgesehen. Die Trommelachse und die Vorreisserachse liegen in einer Vorreisserebene und die Abnehmerachse und die Trommelachse liegen in einer Abnehmerebene. Durch einen Teilumfang der Trommeloberfläche zwischen der Vorreisserebene und der Abnehmerebene in Fasertransportrichtung ist eine Kardierlänge bestimmt. Der restliche Teilumfang der Trommel, welcher in Fasertransportrichtung zwischen der Abnehmerebene und der Vorreisserebene liegt ist für die Kardierung und Reinigung der Fasern von untergeordneter Bedeutung. Dieser Teil des Trommelumfangs wird beispielsweise für den Einsatz eines Schleifgerätes für die Garnitur der Trommel oder auch die Steuerung des Lufthaushaltes genutzt.
Die eigentliche Kardierung und Reinigung der Fasern wird über den Teilumfang zwischen der Vorreisserebene und der Abnehmerebene bestimmt. Über diesem Teil der Trommeloberfläche sind in einer Hauptkardierzone das Wanderdeckelaggregat und in der Vorkardierzone und der Nachkardierzone die Reinigungselemente und Kardierelemente untergebracht. Zudem hat es sich gezeigt, dass eine Faser, welche über den Faserzuführungskanal an den Vorreisser und von diesem auf die Trommel überführt wurde, im Mittel etwa zwei- bis dreimal um die Trommel umläuft bis sie durch den Abnehmer von der Trommel abgenommen wird. Um nun während dieser zwei Umläufe eine möglichst schonende Reinigung und Kardierung der Fasern zu erreichen, ist es vorteilhaft wenn die Fasern einen möglichst langen Weg zurücklegen. Dies wird dadurch erreicht, dass die Vorreisserebene und die Abnehmerebene in Fasertransportrichtung gesehen einen Winkel von mehr als 305° einschliessen.To achieve the object, a revolving flat card for processing fibers with a fiber feed channel, a drum, with a pre-ripper arranged on the circumference of the drum and a pickup arranged on the circumference of the drum is proposed. The drum has a working width, a drum axis, a drum diameter and a drum rotation direction. The fibers to be processed are transported by the drum in a direction determined by the drum rotation fiber transport direction from the licker to the customer. The licker has a licker-in axis and a licker-in diameter. The customer has a pickup axis and a pickup diameter. Also on the circumference of the drum is arranged a traveling lid unit between the licker-in and the taker, wherein the traveling lid unit is arranged in the fiber transport direction after the licker-in. Between the licker-in and the revolving flat aggregate a Vorkardierzone and formed between the revolving flat aggregate and the customer a Nachkardierzone. Carding elements and cleaning elements for processing the fibers are provided in the pre-carding zone and the post-carding zone, adapted to the respective requirements. The drum axis and the licker-in axis lie in a licker-in plane, and the pickup axis and the drum axis lie in a pickup plane. By a partial circumference of the drum surface between the licker plane and the pickup plane in the fiber transport direction a carding length is determined. The remaining part circumference of the drum, which lies in the fiber transport direction between the picking plane and the licker plane is for the carding and cleaning of the Fibers of secondary importance. This part of the drum circumference is used for example for the use of a grinder for the clothing of the drum or the control of the air balance.
The actual carding and cleaning of the fibers is determined over the partial circumference between the licker plane and the pickup plane. Above this part of the drum surface, the traveling lid unit is housed in a main carding zone and the cleaning elements and carding elements in the pre-carding zone and the post-carding zone. In addition, it has been shown that a fiber, which has been transferred to the licker-puller and from there to the drum via the fiber feed channel, circulates on average about two to three times around the drum until it is removed by the pickup from the drum. In order to achieve as gentle as possible cleaning and carding of the fibers during these two rounds, it is advantageous if the fibers travel as long as possible. This is achieved by the fact that the licker plane and the pickup plane, viewed in the fiber transport direction, enclose an angle of more than 305 °.
Umso länger der Weg ist, während dem die Fasern für eine Reinigung und Kardierung zur Verfügung stehen, desto schonender kann deren Behandlung erfolgen. Steht hingegen nur ein kurzer Weg zur Verfügung, müssen die Reinigungs- und Kardierelemente aggressiv auf die Fasern einwirken um eine hohe Wirkung zu erzielen. Eine aggressive Bearbeitung der Fasern führt jedoch zu Faserschädigungen, die Fasern werden zerrissen oder geknickt. Auch wird durch die Reinigungselemente eine grössere Anzahl Gutfasern mitgerissen, was zu einer schlechten Rohstoffausnutzung und zu einem erhöhten Anfall von Abfall führt. Der Weg welche die Fasern während ihrer Bearbeitung zurücklegen wird bestimmt durch den Trommeldurchmesser und den Winkel zwischen der Vorreisserebene und der Abnehmerebene, welcher die Grösse des Teilumfangs bestimmt, welcher mit Kardier- und Reinigungselementen bestückt ist. Es hat sich gezeigt, dass eine Kardierlänge von mehr als 3'000 mm notwendig ist um eine qualitativ hochwertige Kardierung und Reinigung der Fasern bei einer minimalen Faserschädigung zu erreichen.The longer the way during which the fibers are available for cleaning and carding, the gentler the treatment can be. If, on the other hand, there is only a short way to go, the cleaning and carding elements must aggressively act on the fibers in order to achieve a high level of effectiveness. However, an aggressive treatment of the fibers leads to fiber damage, the fibers are torn or kinked. Also, a larger number of good fibers is entrained by the cleaning elements, which leads to a poor utilization of raw materials and an increased accumulation of waste. The path traveled by the fibers during their working is determined by the drum diameter and the angle between the licker plane and the pickup plane, which determines the size of the part circumference which is equipped with carding and cleaning elements. It has been found that a carding length of more than 3,000 mm is necessary to achieve high quality carding and cleaning of the fibers with minimal fiber damage.
Vorteilhafterweise ist die Kardierlänge grösser als 3'100 mm. Es ist für den Fachmann einfach verständlich, dass eine Vergrösserung des Trommeldurchmessers zu einer immer grösseren Kardierlänge führen würde. Jedoch ergibt sich aus einer Vergrösserung des Trommeldurchmessers auch eine Vergrösserung der auf die Fasern wirkenden Fliehkräfte bei gleichbleibender Drehzahl der Trommel. Die Drehzahl und der Trommeldurchmesser bestimmen die Umfangsgeschwindigkeit der Trommeloberfläche. Die Umfangsgeschwindigkeit wiederum bestimmt die Zeitdauer, in welcher die zu bearbeitenden Fasern die vorgesehene Kardierlänge durchlaufen. Bei einer hohen Geschwindigkeit, mit welcher die Fasern an den Reinigungs- und Kardierelementen vorbeigeführt werden, entsteht auch eine hohe Faserschädigung. Eine Reinigung und Kardierung mit einer langsamen Bewegung der Fasern ergibt eine entsprechend schonende Behandlung der Fasern. Selbstverständlich kann die Produktivität einer Wanderdeckelkarde auch durch eine Vergrösserung der Arbeitsbreite der Trommel gesteigert werden, wobei bei der Arbeitsbreite einer Trommel einer Karde heute eine technologische Grenze von 1'500 mm vorherrscht.Advantageously, the carding length is greater than 3'100 mm. It will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that an increase in drum diameter would result in an ever greater carding length. However, an increase in the diameter of the drum also results in an increase in the centrifugal forces acting on the fibers at a constant speed of the drum. The speed and the drum diameter determine the peripheral speed of the drum surface. The peripheral speed in turn determines the length of time in which the fibers to be processed pass through the intended carding length. At a high speed, with which the fibers are guided past the cleaning and carding, there is also a high fiber damage. A cleaning and carding with a slow movement of the fibers results in a correspondingly gentle treatment of the fibers. Of course, the productivity of a revolving flat card can be increased by an increase in the working width of the drum, wherein the working width of a drum of a card today, a technological limit of 1'500 mm prevails.
Für den Trommeldurchmesser hat sich gezeigt, dass eine Abmessung von 1150 bis 1250 mm als der bestmögliche Kompromiss zwischen einer hohen Produktion und der in Kauf zu nehmenden Faserschädigung darstellt. Als besonders vorteilhaft hat sich ein Durchmesser von 1180 mm hervorgetan. Für eine Produktion von etwa 100 kg pro Stunde ergibt sich daraus bei einer Arbeitsbreite von 1500 mm eine Drehzahl der Trommel von 580 Umdrehungen pro Minute. Die Aufenthaltsdauer einer Faser auf der Trommeloberfläche ergibt sich dabei zu 0.12 Sekunden. Diese Zeit steht für die Reinigung und Kardierung der Faser zur Verfügung. Eine Faser wird also bereits nach einer achtel Sekunde, nachdem sie vom Vorreisser auf die Trommeloberfläche überführt wurde, vom Abnehmer bereits wieder von der Trommeloberfläche entfernt. Eine weitere Steigerung der Drehzahl der Trommel ergibt durch eine Zunahme der auf die Fasern wirkenden Fliehkräfte ebenfalls eine Erhöhung der Faserschädigung. Es hat sich gezeigt, dass sich für einen optimalen Betrieb einer Karde, unter Berücksichtigung obiger Argumentation hinsichtlich der Qualität der Faserbearbeitung und der geforderten Produktivität, ein Trommeldurchmesser von 1150 mm bis 1250 mm bei einer Drehzahl der Trommel von 500 bis 650 Umdrehungen pro Minute eignet.For the drum diameter, it has been found that a dimension of 1150 to 1250 mm represents the best possible compromise between high production and the purchase of fiber damage. Particularly advantageous has a diameter of 1180 mm distinguished. For a production of about 100 kg per hour, this results in a working width of 1500 mm, a rotational speed of the drum of 580 revolutions per minute. The residence time of a fiber on the drum surface is 0.12 seconds. This time is available for cleaning and carding the fiber. A fiber is therefore already after one eighth of a second, after it was transferred from the licker-on to the drum surface, removed by the customer already back from the drum surface. A further increase in the rotational speed of the drum also results in an increase in the fiber damage due to an increase in the centrifugal forces acting on the fibers. It has been found that, for optimum performance of a card, taking into account the above reasoning regarding the quality of the fiber processing and the required productivity, a drum diameter of 1150 mm to 1250 mm at a speed of the drum of 500 to 650 revolutions per minute is suitable.
Weiterhin ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die Vorkardierzone und die Nachkardierzone bezüglich der Trommeloberfläche die gleiche Länge aufweisen. Dadurch, dass die einzelnen Fasern im Mittel zwei- bis dreimal die gesamte Kardierlänge durchlaufen, hat es sich als vorteilhaft erwiesen eine gleichmässige Bearbeitung der Fasern durch die eingebauten Kardier- und Reinigungselemente zu gewährleisten. Die Vorkardierzone dient der Vorbereitung der Fasern auf die nachfolgende Hauptkardierzone. Durch die Nachkardierzone wird eine Beruhigung der in der Hauptkardierzone stark beanspruchten Fasern erreicht. Für beide Bereiche, Vorkardierzone sowie Nachkardierzone ist ein möglichst langer Bereich der Kardierlänge zur Verfügung zu stellen.Furthermore, it is advantageous if the Vorkardierzone and the Nachkardierzone have the same length with respect to the drum surface. Due to the fact that the individual fibers pass through the entire carding length two to three times on average, it has proven to be advantageous to ensure a uniform processing of the fibers through the installed carding and cleaning elements. The pre-carding zone is used to prepare the fibers for the subsequent main carding zone. The post-carding zone achieves a calming of the fibers which are heavily stressed in the main carding zone. For both areas, Vorkardierzone and Nachkardierzone as long as possible carding length is to be provided.
Durch den Abnehmer werden die Fasern in Form eines Vlieses von der Trommel nach deren Bearbeitung abgenommen. Das Vlies kann in der Folge zu einem sogenannten Faserband zusammengefasst werden. Abhängig davon, in welcher Stärke das abgenommene Vlies oder das nachfolgende Faserband ausgeführt sein sollen, ist die Umfangsgeschwindigkeit des Abnehmers zu wählen. Die sich durch den Abnehmerdurchmesser und die Drehzahl des Abnehmers ergebende Umfangsgeschwindigkeit des Abnehmers wird bestimmt durch eine notwendige Übernahmekapazität aufgrund der geforderten Stärke des Faserbandes und eine noch zu akzeptierende Faserschädigung. Es hat sich gezeigt, dass ein Abnehmerdurchmesser von 50% bis 60% des Trommeldurchmessers ein zu bevorzugender Kompromiss darstellt. Besonders zu bevorzugen ist ein Abnehmerdurchmesser von 58% in Bezug zum Trommeldurchmesser. Für eine genügende Abnahmekapazität ist die Umfangsgeschwindigkeit des Abnehmers nicht höher als 15% der Umfangsgeschwindigkeit der Trommeloberfläche zu wählen.By the customer, the fibers are removed in the form of a nonwoven fabric from the drum after the processing. The fleece can be summarized in the sequence to a so-called sliver. Depending on the strength in which the removed fleece or the subsequent sliver should be made, the peripheral speed of the pick-up is to be selected. The resulting by the diameter of the customer and the speed of the customer peripheral speed of the pickup is determined by a necessary takeover capacity due to the required thickness of the sliver and a still to be accepted fiber damage. It has been found that a customer diameter of 50% to 60% of the drum diameter represents a preferable compromise. Particularly preferable is a diameter of 58% with respect to the drum diameter. For a sufficient removal capacity, the peripheral speed of the pickup should not be higher than 15% of the peripheral speed of the drum surface.
Durch den Vorreisser werden die Fasern aus dem Faserzuführungskanal entnommen und auf die Trommel übergeben. Die Übergabe der Fasern erfolgt mittels einer Dosierungsstelle, welche unmittelbar am Vorreisser angebracht ist. Üblicherweise werden sogenannte Speisemulden verwendet. Mit der Speisemulde wird die Weite des Durchgangs vom Faserzuführungskanal zum Vorreisser geregelt, wodurch eine gleichmässige und einem aktuellen Bedarf entsprechende Menge an Fasern vom Vorreisser aus dem Faserzuführungskanal entnommen wird. Zur besseren Entnahme der Fasern ist der Faserführungskanal mit einer Neigung von 10° bis 25° an den Vorreisser herangeführt. Um eine Stauung der Fasern auf dem Vorreisser zu verhindern, ist zu gewährleisten, dass die Fasern welche vom Vorreisser dem Faserzuführungskanal entnommen wurden möglichst im ersten Umlauf um den Vorreisser durch die Trommel übernommen werden. Dies wird dadurch erreicht, dass die Umfangsgeschwindigkeit des Vorreissers auf seinem Umfang 45% bis 55% der Umfangsgeschwindigkeit der Trommel entspricht. Umso geringer jedoch der Durchmesser des Vorreissers ist, desto höher ist die Drehzahl des Vorreissers zu wählen, was wiederum zu einer Verschlechterung der Verhältnisse auf der Vorreisseroberfläche für den Fasertransport (Fliehkräfte, Faserschädigung) ergibt. Als vorteilhaft hat es sich erwiesen, wenn der Vorreisserdurchmesser 18% bis 25% des Trommeldurchmessers beträgt. Besonders zu bevorzugen ist ein Vorreisserdurchmesser von 22% in Bezug zum Trommeldurchmesser.The licker-in removes the fibers from the fiber feed channel and transfers them to the drum. The transfer of the fibers takes place by means of a metering point, which is attached directly to the licker-in. Usually so-called food troughs are used. With the feed trough, the width of the passage from the fiber feed channel to the licker-in is regulated, whereby a uniform amount of fibers corresponding to a current requirement is taken from the licker-in from the fiber feed channel. For better removal of the fibers the fiber guide channel with an inclination of 10 ° to 25 ° brought to the licker-in. In order to prevent congestion of the fibers on the licker-in, it must be ensured that the fibers which have been removed from the licker-in from the fiber supply channel are taken over by the licker in the first cycle around the licker-in. This is achieved in that the peripheral speed of the licker-in on its circumference corresponds to 45% to 55% of the peripheral speed of the drum. However, the smaller the diameter of the licker-in, the higher the speed of the licker-in is to be selected, which in turn results in a deterioration of conditions on the roving surface for fiber transport (centrifugal forces, fiber damage). It has proven to be advantageous if the licker-in diameter is 18% to 25% of the drum diameter. Particularly preferred is a Vorreisserdurchmesser of 22% in relation to the drum diameter.
Für die Anordnung von Abnehmer und Vorreisser am Umfang der Trommel ist zu beachten, dass die zu bedienenden Elemente der Wanderdeckelkarde nicht in Bereiche verlegt werden, welche durch das Bedienpersonal unerreichbar sind. Die Höhe der Wanderdeckelkarde wir im Wesentlichen bestimmt durch die Anordnung des Abnehmers und das Wanderdeckelaggregat. Üblicherweise wird das Wanderdeckelaggregat zumindest teilweise über der Trommel geführt. Dadurch das sich die Vorreisserebene und die Abnehmerebene auf weniger als 55° einander nähern, kommen Vorreisser wie auch Abnehmer seitlich unterhalb der Trommel zu liegen, wenn die Hauptkardierzone oberhalb des Zenits der Trommel angeordnet werden soll. Um die Bauhöhe der gesamten Wanderdeckelkarde möglichst gering zu halten ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die Vorreisserebene in Fasertransportrichtung einen Winkel von 0° bis 20° zu einer lotrechten Ebene durch die Trommelachse einschliesst. Besonders zu bevorzugen ist eine Anordnung der Vorreisserebene mit einem Winkel von 5° bis 15° zur lotrechten Ebene durch die Trommelachse.For the arrangement of the pickup and licker-in on the circumference of the drum, it should be noted that the elements of the revolving flat card to be operated are not routed to areas which are inaccessible to the operating personnel. The height of the Wanderdeckelkarde we essentially determined by the arrangement of the customer and the Wanderdeckelaggregat. Usually, the revolving flat unit is at least partially guided over the drum. As the licker plane and the picking plane approach each other to less than 55 °, lickerins as well as pickups come to lie laterally below the drum when the main carding zone is to be located above the zenith of the drum. In order to keep the overall height of the entire Wanderdeckelkarde as low as possible, it is advantageous if the licker plane in the fiber transport direction encloses an angle of 0 ° to 20 ° to a vertical plane through the drum axis. Particularly preferred is an arrangement of the licker plane at an angle of 5 ° to 15 ° to the vertical plane through the drum axis.
Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand einer beispielhaften Ausführungsform erklärt und durch Figuren näher erläutert.
-
Schematische Darstellung einer WanderdeckelkardeFigur 1 -
Schematische Darstellung einer Ausführungsform nach der ErfindungFigur 2
-
FIG. 1 Schematic representation of a revolving flat card -
FIG. 2 Schematic representation of an embodiment of the invention
In der
Die Vorreisserachse 23 und die Trommelachse 21 liegen in der Vorreisserebene 26. Die Abnehmerachse 25 und die Trommelachse 21 liegen in der Abnehmerebene 27. Zwischen der Vorreisserebene 26 und der Abnehmerebene 27 befindet sich in Fasertransportrichtung 30 gesehen die Kardierzone, welche sich über einen Winkel α von mehr als 305° erstreckt. Die Kardierzone teilt sich auf in eine Vorkardierzone 31, eine Hauptkardierzone und eine Nachkardierzone 32. Die Vorkardierzone 31 und die Nachkardierzone 32 sind mit Reinigungs-, Kardier- und Faserleitelementen versehen, welche gegenüber der Trommeloberfläche 28 angeordnet sind. Die Elemente (nicht dargestellt) sind in unterschiedlicher Bauart und Reihenfolge, angepasst an den Einsatzzweck der Karde sowie die zu verarbeitenden Fasern. Die Hauptkardierzone wird durch das Wanderdeckelaggregat 6 eingenommen, welches sich über den Winkel γ zwischen der Vorkardierzone 31 und der Nachkardierzone 32 erstreckt. Der Winkel γ beträgt zwischen 100° und 150°, entsprechend der Ausdehnung des Wanderdeckelaggregates 6 kommt eine Anzahl Wanderdeckel zum Einsatz. Die Vorkardierzone 31 und die Nachkardierzone 32 erstrecken sich über eine identische Länge entlang der Trommeloberfläche 28.The licker-in
Bedingt durch den Faserfluss innerhalb der Karde, Speisung der Fasern von der einen Seite der Trommel 4 und Abfluss der bearbeiteten Fasern auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite der Trommel 4, ist der Vorreisser 7 auf der Seite der Faserzuführung und der Abnehmer 9 auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite der Trommel 4 angeordnet. Dabei ist der Vorreisser 7 in einem bestimmten Winkel β zu einer lotrechten Ebene 33 durch die Trommelachse 21 angeordnet. Der Abnehmer 9 ist entsprechend der Länge der Kardierzone angeordnet. Der Winkel β beträgt im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel 15°.Due to the fiber flow within the card, feeding of the fibers from one side of the
Die Bauhöhe 34 welche sich durch die Anordnung von Vorreisser 7, Abnehmer 9 und Wanderdeckelaggregat 6 ergibt, wird auch mitbestimmt durch den Trommeldurchmesser 20 und den Abnehmerdurchmesser 24. Bei einer Anordnung des Vorreissers 7 in der lotrechten Ebene 33 kann auch der Vorreisserdurchmesser 22 einen Einfluss auf die Bauhöhe 34 haben. Die Bauhöhe 34 wirkt sich insbesondere aus auf die Bedienbarkeit der oberhalb der Trommel 4 angeordneten Elemente und sollte deshalb möglichst gering gehalten werden.The
In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführung der Wanderdeckelkarde 1 hat die Trommel 4 einen Durchmesser 20 von 1180 mm, der Vorreisser 7 einen Durchmesser 22 von 250 mm und der Abnehmer 9 einen Durchmesser 24 von 680 mm. Der Vorreisser 7 ist mit einem Winkel β von 12° gegen die lotrechte Ebene 33 angeordnet und die Neigung des Faserzuführungskanals 3 beträgt 24°. Die Vorreisserebene 26 und die Abnehmerebene 27 schliessen einen Winkel α von 307°, dadurch ergibt sich eine Kardierlänge von 3160 mm.In a particularly preferred embodiment of the revolving
- 11
- Wanderdeckelkarderevolving
- 22
- Füllschachthopper
- 33
- FaserzuführungskanalFiber feed channel
- 44
- Trommeldrum
- 55
- Maschinengestellmachine frame
- 66
- WanderdeckelaggregatRevolving flats
- 77
- Vorreisserlicker
- 88th
- FaserabnehmersystemFiber collector system
- 99
- Abnehmercustomer
- 1010
- Faserbandsliver
- 1111
- FaserbandablageSliver tray
- 1212
- Wanderdeckelrevolving flat
- 1313
- Endlosbandendless belt
- 2020
- TrommeldurchmesserDrum diameter
- 2121
- Trommelachsedrum axis
- 2222
- VorreisserdurchmesserVorreisserdurchmesser
- 2323
- VorreisserachseVorreisserachse
- 2424
- AbnehmerdurchmesserBuyers diameter
- 2525
- Abnehmerachsebuyers axis
- 2626
- VorreisserebeneVorreisserebene
- 2727
- Abnehmerebenecustomer level
- 2828
- Trommeloberflächedrum surface
- 2929
- TrommeldrehrichtungDrum rotation direction
- 3030
- FasertransportrichtungFiber transport direction
- 3131
- Vorkardierzonepre-carding zone
- 3232
- Nachkardierzonepost-carding
- 3333
- Lotrechte EbenePlain plane
- 3434
- Bauhöheheight
- αα
- Winkel Vorreisserebene zu AbnehmerebeneAngle Lobe plane to pickup plane
- ββ
- Winkel VorreisserebeneAngle licker plane
- γγ
- Winkel WanderdeckelaggregatAngle traveling deck unit
Claims (9)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CH01562/15A CH711685A1 (en) | 2015-10-27 | 2015-10-27 | Revolving. |
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EP3162927A1 true EP3162927A1 (en) | 2017-05-03 |
EP3162927B1 EP3162927B1 (en) | 2020-04-22 |
Family
ID=57137941
Family Applications (1)
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EP16194072.1A Active EP3162927B1 (en) | 2015-10-27 | 2016-10-17 | Revolving flat card |
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EP (1) | EP3162927B1 (en) |
CH (1) | CH711685A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102022108808A1 (en) | 2022-03-16 | 2023-09-21 | Trützschler Group SE | card |
WO2023174588A1 (en) | 2022-03-16 | 2023-09-21 | Trützschler Group SE | Carding machine |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN110670178B (en) * | 2019-11-05 | 2024-03-01 | 恒天重工股份有限公司 | Pre-carding impurity removing device for improving impurity removing and carding capabilities of carding machine |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0866153A1 (en) * | 1997-02-24 | 1998-09-23 | Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag | High performance carding machine |
EP0989213A1 (en) * | 1998-09-04 | 2000-03-29 | Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag | Carding machine respectively woolen carding machine |
EP2527505A1 (en) | 2011-05-20 | 2012-11-28 | Marzoli S.P.A. | Carding machine of a yarn spinning line |
CN203451683U (en) * | 2012-07-04 | 2014-02-26 | 朗维机械有限公司 | Device used for process fibers and carding machine |
-
2015
- 2015-10-27 CH CH01562/15A patent/CH711685A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2016
- 2016-10-17 EP EP16194072.1A patent/EP3162927B1/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0866153A1 (en) * | 1997-02-24 | 1998-09-23 | Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag | High performance carding machine |
EP0989213A1 (en) * | 1998-09-04 | 2000-03-29 | Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag | Carding machine respectively woolen carding machine |
EP2527505A1 (en) | 2011-05-20 | 2012-11-28 | Marzoli S.P.A. | Carding machine of a yarn spinning line |
CN203451683U (en) * | 2012-07-04 | 2014-02-26 | 朗维机械有限公司 | Device used for process fibers and carding machine |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102022108808A1 (en) | 2022-03-16 | 2023-09-21 | Trützschler Group SE | card |
WO2023174588A1 (en) | 2022-03-16 | 2023-09-21 | Trützschler Group SE | Carding machine |
Also Published As
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CH711685A1 (en) | 2017-04-28 |
EP3162927B1 (en) | 2020-04-22 |
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