EP1176236B1 - Saw-tooth clothing - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a set for a feed roller, or on a roller with such a set. The invention includes a suitable wire form for the stated purpose.

State of the art

1. 1. die Förderung des Materials an den Vorreisser gewährleisten, und
2. 2. eine genauere Erfassung von Materialschwankungen ermöglichen.

DE-A-19708261 describes a garnish designed primarily for use on the feed roll of a card. This set is intended to fulfill two subtasks, namely:

1. 1. to ensure the promotion of the material to the licker-in, and
2. 2. allow a more accurate detection of material fluctuations.

In order to fulfill these tasks, the development of new tooth shapes became necessary. The document discloses a tooth form, wherein each tooth at the tooth tip has a short straight zone, for example 0.6 to 1.5 mm, which is aligned parallel to the foot plane of the tooth root. Furthermore, every tooth has a tooth face and a tooth back. To ensure a sufficient conveying effect, a tooth form with a back angle of almost 90 ° was selected, with the breast angle and the wedge angle both being 0 ° or nearly 0 °. Accurate detection of material variations should be facilitated by using teeth (and therefore tooth spaces) at a lower height. Although not specifically referred to as a subtask, it is apparently also intended to help achieve a large open space around each tooth to avoid wrapping. Although the font also shows a hopper ( Fig. 4 ), but since there is no detection of material fluctuations at the feed roller shown in the shaft, it is not clear which specific advantages would speak for the use of the new set in the shaft.

The US Pat. No. 3,824,650 A and the US Pat. No. 3,081,499 A disclose doffer rollers which serve to completely remove a batt from a doffer without tearing the structure.

The invention

• einerseits, die Fähigkeit der Einzugswalze Material "aus dem Stillstand" weiterzufördern, und
• andererseits, die Weitergabe dieses Materials an die nachfolgende Öffnerwalze zu gewährleisten, um dadurch Wickel zu vermeiden.

The present invention has as its object to propose a set that is optimally tailored to the feed roller (also called "feed roller") in a hopper of a carding machine. In this context, two aspects are important, namely

• on the one hand, the ability of the infeed roller material "from standstill" to further promote, and
• on the other hand, to ensure the transfer of this material to the subsequent opening roller, thereby avoiding winding.

The problem is solved by the features of claim 1.

• die relativ hohen Materialdurchfluss, die ein moderner Kardenfüllschacht bewältigen muss; eine moderne Baumwollkarde ist oft (z.B.) für eine Produktion von mehr als 100 Kilogramm Faserband pro Stunde ausgelegt, was die Zuführ einer entsprechenden Fasermenge durch den Schacht erfordert;
• die Verwendung einer Speisewalze/Speisemulde-Einheit anstelle von einem Speisewalzenpaar;
• die zunehmende Tendenz, engere Einstellungen zwischen der Mulde und der Walze zu fordern, und
• die zunehmende Popularität der sogenannten "Gleichlaufspeisung", welche das Fasermaterial schont aber das vollständige Auskämmen durch die nachfolgende Öffnerwalze erschwert, was eine erhöhte Wickelneigung für gewisse Fasersortimente verursachen kann.

The clothing according to the invention is specially designed for the carding shaft. The requirements in the hopper are at least different from other applications in cotton spinning as the material is relatively poorly dissolved at this point; In particular, it is to be expected with large density changes. Furthermore, the speed of the feed roller in the shaft in relation to the speed of the feed roller in the card itself is often relatively low. With a diameter of the feed roller of about 180 mm, the speed is for example in the range 700 to 1300 revolutions per minute. In connection with the hopper, certain recent developments must also be taken into account, in particular

• the relatively high material flow rate that a modern carding machine has to cope with; a modern cotton card is often designed (for example) for a production of more than 100 kilograms of sliver per hour, which requires the supply of a corresponding amount of fiber through the shaft;
• the use of a feed roller / trough unit instead of a pair of feed rollers;
• the increasing tendency to demand tighter adjustments between the trough and the roll, and
• the increasing popularity of the so-called "synchronous feeding", which spares the fiber material but complicates the complete combing out by the subsequent opening roll, which can cause an increased tendency to wrap certain fiber assortments.

It can be seen that partially contradictory requirements are made. However, it has been shown that it is possible to meet these requirements, without having to develop a fundamentally new tooth shape (also called tooth geometry), ie the invention is based on the optimization of a known triangular Tooth shape, as offered today for example for the take-off roll (Hollingsworth GmbH) and / or for the feed roller (Graf and Cie. AG).

The terminology used in this description will be described below with reference to FIG FIG. 4 explained in more detail. It corresponds in principle to those of ISO 5234 and the description of the spool set in the article "Developments in the field of Kardengarniturenkraft" in the journal textile practice international, September 1994, pages 551-560, in particular pages 552 and 555 (author- Dipl. Ing Bernhard T Bocht.) However, in this description, an additional term is used, namely the "leaf height", which is defined here as the total height minus the height of the foot.

The invention relates to a feed roller set according to claim 1.

The wedge angle β of each tooth is 30 ° to 120 °, with a value of about 80 ° being appropriate. The breast angle is -20 ° to -60 °, with a value of about -40 ° is appropriate. This angle is trapped between the material conveying flank and a line perpendicular to the base of the wire. The preferred tooth shape or tooth geometry is based on an isosceles triangle. However, the tooth form or the tooth geometry can be chosen asymmetrically, wherein the less steep flank can serve to convey the fiber material in the normal conveying direction. However, the drive for the feed roller may be reversible, so that the steeper flank may also have to be used to convey material, for example, to empty the feed roller or to remove foreign materials that get between the trough and the feed roller.

The tooth pitch is preferably between 3.0 and 5.0 mm. It is preferably chosen larger than the blade height.

The foot width is e.g. 2.0 to 4.0 mm and is preferably chosen to be larger than the blade height when the wire windings are wound side by side.

• Fig. 1 eine Seitenansicht einer Karde (einer "Baumwollkarde") zur Verarbeitung von Kurzstapelfasern (z.B. kürzer als 60mm;
• Fig. 2 eine Seitenansicht (zu einem grösseren Massstab) eines Füllschachtes für eine Karde nach Fig. 1;
• Fig. 2A ein Detail aus der Figur 2, um die Verhältnisse an der Übergabestelle zwischen der Einzugswalze und der Öffnerwalze darzustellen;
• Fig. 3 schematisch (zu einem grösseren Massstab) eine Speise- bzw. Einzugswalze nach dieser Erfindung zur Verwendung in einer Anordnung gemäss Figur 2;
• Figur 3A eine alternative Zahnform;
• Figur 4 eine schematische Darstellung zum Erklären verschiedener Begriffe im Zusammenhang mit Sägezahngarnituren, wobei diese Figur aus den Teilfiguren 4A, 4B und 4C besteht;
• Fig. 5 schematisch in Seitenansicht (in der Richtung des Pfeils P in der Figur 6 betrachtet) ein Drahtstück einer Sägezahngarnitur zur Verwendung auf einer Speise- bzw. Einzugswalze nach Fig. 3;
• Fig. 6 der gleiche Drahtstück in Querschnitt, und
• Fig. 7 eine modifizierte Zahngeometrie.

Embodiments are explained below with reference to the figures of the drawings. It shows:

• Fig. 1 a side view of a card (a "cotton card") for processing short staple fibers (eg shorter than 60mm;
• Fig. 2 a side view (to a larger scale) of a hopper for a card after Fig. 1 ;
• Fig. 2A a detail from the FIG. 2 to represent the conditions at the transfer point between the feed roller and the Öffnerwalze;
• Fig. 3 schematically (to a larger scale) a feeding or feed roller according to this invention for use in an arrangement according to FIG. 2 ;
• FIG. 3A an alternative tooth shape;
• FIG. 4 a schematic representation for explaining various terms associated with Sägezahngarnituren, this figure consists of the sub-figures 4A, 4B and 4C;
• Fig. 5 schematically in side view (in the direction of the arrow P in the FIG. 6 contemplates) a piece of wire of a saw tooth set for use on a feed roll Fig. 3 ;
• Fig. 6 the same piece of wire in cross-section, and
• Fig. 7 a modified tooth geometry.

The card 10 after Fig. 1 corresponds to the doctrine of EP-A-866 153 (or the further developments in EP-A-989 213 and / or in FIGS. 9 to 22 of FIG WO-A-99/50486 ). This card type is only listed here as an example. The invention is also in combination with a conventional card cross section (eg after the Fig. 1 of the WO-A-99/50486 ) usable. The structure of the hopper 12 after the Fig. 2 basically corresponds to the structure according to EP-A-894.878 , wherein in the embodiment according to FIG. 2 the cleaning points of the EP-A-894.878 were omitted. Of course, the invention can also be used in a hopper, the cleaning points according to EP-A-894.878 is provided.

In the card according to the Fig. 1 the material flow direction runs from right to left, whereby the actual flock feeding ( Fig. 2 ) in FIG. 1 not shown. The supplied from the flock feeding fiber material is supplied in the form of a batt of the card 10, forwarded by a feed roller 14 to a licker module 16 (also called Briseurmodul), a drum 18 (also called Tambour) handed over and by the cooperation of the drum with a set of revolving lids a moving lid unit 20 further dissolved and cleaned. The lids of the traveling lid set are guided by a suitable drive system of the revolving flat unit via deflection rollers 24 along a closed path (in the same direction or in opposite directions to the direction of rotation of the drum). Fibers from the nonwoven fabric on the drum are removed by a pickup 26 and formed into a pullout section (not shown) in an outfeed section 28 made up of different rolls. This card sliver is from a tape storage (not shown here, see eg EP-A-99/58749 ) placed in a transport can in cycloid turns.

The arrangement after Fig. 1 is listed as an example only. The features to be described can also be used in other card types and in carding machines, even in the large machines that are suitable for the production of nonwovens (nonwovens). The revolving flat unit 20 comprises flat bars 22, of which in Fig. 1 only individual bars are shown schematically. The currently used traveling lid arrangement of a conventional card (for example the C51 card of the registration company) comprises more than one hundred flat bars. The rods are supported at their ends by endless belts 30 and thereby moved against the direction of rotation of the drum or in synchronism with this direction of rotation. Examples of such devices are in EP-A-753 610 to find. The traveling deck aggregate 20 in Fig. 1 needs only about 70 - 90 flat bars, of which about 20 - 35 are simultaneously in the working position relative to the drum 18. Each flat bar 22 preferably comprises a clothing carrier in the form of a hollow profile, for example as well as in FIG US 5,542,154 shown. The clothing strip attached to this carrier is preferably formed as a flexible ("semi-rigid") clothing, ie the tape comprises a flexible body which is fastened to the carrier and individual tips, parts of which are embedded in the body.

The traveling lid arrangement can be replaced by fixed covers, for example according to the principles in US-B-3,604,062 ; US-B-3,044,475 and US-B-3,858,276 were declared.

The portion of the drum periphery covered in the revolving-flat card by the revolving-deck arrangement may be referred to as the main carding zone. In this zone most of the carding work is done. But there are additional working elements in other zones of the drum 18 are provided to bring about a further carding effect. The part of the drum circumference between the licker-in module 16 and the revolving flat unit 20 is here referred to as Vorkardierzone, the part of the drum circumference between the revolving flat 20 and the pickup 26 as Nachkardierzone, and the part of the drum circumference between the pickup 26 and the licker-in module 16 as Unterkardierzone. In the pre-, post-, and sub-carding zones of the card, additional processing elements may be applied, with preference given to the attachment of such elements in the carding zone.

In the Vorkardierzone finds at least one additional segment 32 with a Schmutzausscheidemesser (zBnach EP-A-848 091 and or WO-A-99/61688 ) Space. In the Nachkardierzone are at least one additional segment 32 and at least one carding rod 34, which can be formed similar to the flat bars. In each case several additional segments can be provided both in the Vorkardierzone as well as in the Nachkardierzone. The drum 18 is otherwise covered by cover 36. A suitable cladding is in EP-B-431 482 respectively. EP-B-687 754 and in ours EP-A-790,338 to find.

• die Wanderdeckel, (oder Festdeckel in einer Festdeckelkarde), welche zusammen mit der Trommel die Fasern gleichmässig über die ganze Arbeitsbreite kardieren müssen,
• das Zuführsystem, welches stets einen gleichmässig verteilten Faserstrom an die Trommel über die ganze Arbeitsbreite gewährleisten muss, und
• das Abnahmesystem, welches stets gleichmässig Fasern von der Trommel über die ganze Arbeitsbreite abheben soll.

The working width of the drum 18 is decisive for all other working elements of the card 10, in particular for

• the revolving lids, (or hard covers in a hard-cover card), which together with the drum must card the fibers uniformly over the entire working width,
• the feeding system, which must always ensure a uniformly distributed fiber flow to the drum over the entire working width, and
• the acceptance system, which should always lift fibers evenly from the drum over the entire working width.

The diameter of the cylindrical surface of the drum 18 is also an important measure of the machine. Along with the working width, the diameter determines the working surface of the drum, wherein it is undesirable to exceed a given fiber density per unit area. According to EP-A-866 153 the drum diameter is between 700 mm and 1000 mm, wherein preferably a diameter between 750 mm and 850 mm is selected. The preferred diameter range is 800 to 820 mm. In addition, the card has FIG. 1 preferably a working width greater than 1300 mm, for example 1500 mm.

• geeignete Leitelemente (nur schematisch angedeutet) an der Übergabe vom Vorreissermodul an die Trommel,
• die "Zunge" Z (z.B. nach EP-A-790 338 ) am Übergang zwischen der Trommel und dem Abnehmer und
• eine Garniturschleifvorrichtung (z.B. nach US 5,355,560 ), wobei diese Vorrichtung für die Funktion der Karde nicht wesentlich ist und als fakultative Option betrachtet werden kann.

The sub-carding zone is large enough to allow the attachment of the following devices, namely:

• suitable guide elements (indicated only schematically) at the transfer from the licker-in module to the drum,
• the "tongue" Z (eg after EP-A-790,338 ) at the transition between the drum and the taker and
• a clothing grinding device (eg US 5,355,560 This device is not essential to the function of the card and can be considered as an optional option.

The solution after Fig. 1 includes in Vorreissermodul 16 three licker-in accordance with EP-A-989 213 , whereby only one licker-in can be used. The one or the first licker-in works together with the feed roller 14, which takes over the fibers from a wadding which is fed from the feed chute (cf. Fig. 2 ) is formed. The hopper 12 according to Fig. 2 comprises an upper part 40 (a feed chute, in FIG Fig. 2 only partially shown), as well as a lower shaft part 42 (reserve shaft). Fiber flakes from the lower shaft portion 42 are discharged by two conveyor rollers 44 as the aforementioned cotton and forwarded to the feed roller 14 of the carding machine 10.

Between the upper shaft part 40 and the lower shaft part 42 there is a feed device 48, which feeds the flakes to an opening roller 46. Such devices are generally well known. According to the in EP-A-810 309 described cleaning elements should be attached to the dissolving or opening roller 46 to form a cleaning module which allows significant changes in the upstream investment areas. In the solution after the FIG. 2 but has been omitted for simplicity on a cleaning module. Basically, however, the feeder 48 and opening roller 46, together with the adjacent part of the housing of the shaft, so reshaped, that results in a "fine cleaner". The adjustment requires elements on the circumference of the opening roller 46, which allows the removal of dirt.

The feed device 48 constitutes a "clamping feed" for the opening roller 46. This clamping feed consists of a feeding roller 50 and a trough 52. Such arrangements are also known at other points in the spinning preparation, for example in the feed to a fine cleaner ( Example - see EP-B-419915 ) and on the aforementioned feed roller of the card itself (example - see EP-A-926 274 ). The still to be described embodiment of the invention has been designed for use in the hopper, but is not limited to this application.

In detail after the FIG. 2A are the directions of rotation of the rollers 50 and 46 also indicated by an arrow. From this figure it can also be seen that the effective nip line between the trough 52 and the feed roller 50 can be brought very close to the transfer point to the opening roller 46. The illustrated arrangement of the directions of rotation results in a so-called "synchronized feeding", ie the material combed out of the nip line by the roller 46 is carried away from the trough 52. In the case of the so-called "reverse feed", the roller 46 runs in the reverse direction of rotation, so that the combed material between the trough 52 and the roller 46 is guided. The (illustrated) synchronous feeding results in a gentle treatment of the fibers compared to the reverse feed. However, the fiber material does not always separate cleanly from the feed roller 50 when using a synchronized feed, ie the material is returned to the upper part of the shaft on the surface of the roller 50 again. The risk of winding formation is thereby increased.

The feed roller 50 according to the FIG. 3 includes a cylindrical support body 54 and a clothing formed from a wire length 56 wound around the body 54. The common term "Sägezahngarnitur" is also used for this set; the intended tooth shape or tooth geometry is described below with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6 explained. The representation according to the FIG. 3 is only schematic because only one only "clothing winding" (a single wrap of the wire 56 around the body 54) has been mapped to clearly show the clothing principle and also the comparison with DE-A-19708261 to enable. Like from the FIG. 3 As can be clearly seen, the teeth 58 of a clothing according to this invention are formed as "triangular" teeth, wherein the triangles are preferably isosceles. Each tooth can be formed with a tip, as in the FIG. 3 is shown; The tips of the teeth can also be truncated, as in the FIG. 3A for modified teeth 58A has been indicated schematically (and to a larger scale) with AS.

Regarding the terminology used in this description, reference is made to the FIG. 4 in particular, the definition of the "negative angle" in the FIG. 4B must be respected. This definition is to be understood as meaning that if the wedge angle includes the imaginary vertical line forming the angle of the bust, then the angle of the bust is still measured from that perpendicular line, the value thus measured being classified as a negative angle with such a "negative breast angle" is in FIG. 4B indicated by the dashed line, this line running in the thoracic (or conveying flank) of the tooth. The assumed normal conveying direction is also by means of an arrow in the FIG. 4B has been suggested, ie it is assumed here that the tooth flank, which defines the breast angle, also serves to convey material in the normal conveying direction (this assumption is not clear from the aforementioned ISO standard, but corresponds to the designation practice of the applicant company). According to this definition, the breast angle is always less than 90 ° and is trapped between the material-promoting tooth flank and a line that runs through the tooth tip and is perpendicular to the base of the wire.

The wire 56, which the set after the FIG. 3 is in outstretched form in the FIGS. 5 and 6 shown. It basically comprises a foot section 60 and a blade section 62 projecting from the foot section 60, the actual teeth 58 being formed in the blade section 62. In addition to in the FIG. 4 The terminology used in this description for the term sheet height is the term. "Blade depth" BT ( Fig. 5 ) used.

The blade depth or blade height BT of a wire according to the invention is conveniently chosen smaller than 2.5 mm, the preferred range being 1.3 to 1.7 (for example 1.5) mm. The blade depth or blade height BT also limits the depth of the teeth, for which, however, no preferred range must be specified here. The tooth depth is chosen to be somewhat smaller than the blade depth BT or blade height, according to today's conventional manufacturing procedures - this conventional practice can be maintained for wires according to this invention.

The tooth pitch P is expediently more than 3 mm, the preferred range being 3 to 5 mm. It can e.g. a value of 4 mm at a blade depth of 1.5 mm can be selected. The pitch P is in any case preferably 1.5 times the blade depth, or more.

The foot width b1 is preferably 2.0 to 4.0 mm. When neighbor turns are placed side by side, as with dashed lines in Fig. 5 is indicated, the foot width b1 also determines the "pitch" (see. DE-A-19708261 and ISO 5234, Table 4). As the latter font shows ( Fig. 5b in DE 19708261 ), the pitch can also be influenced by other means (in Fig. 5D of the DE 19708261 through a spacer wire; but the clothing wire can also be wound in a spiral groove in the carrier body, so that, in the case, the pitch of the groove determines the pitch). The pitch is preferably at least 3.0 mm, but can be limited to 5.00 mm. If the wire is placed in a groove, it is possible to work with a smaller foot width, but it is preferably at least 1 mm. Even if the wire turns are placed side by side, they can have a so-called chaining. However, since the concatenation of clothing wire is well known and has nothing directly to do with the invention, will not be discussed here in detail.

The arrangement according to the FIG. 6 emanates from teeth that are formed as isosceles triangles. With such an arrangement, it does not matter in which direction the fiber material is to be conveyed from one tooth flank or the other. The wedge angle β (cf. Fig. 4 ) reads in the range 30 ° to 120 °, the preferred value being between 70 ° and 100 ° (for example at 80 °). Of the Breast angle α (cf. Fig. 4 ) is from (-20 °) to (-60 °), with the preferred value being (-40 °).

The tooth geometry for a wire according to the invention is not limited to the isosceles triangle. An alternative is in the FIG. 7 from which it can be seen that the tooth can be triangular but asymmetrical. The breast angle α of such a tooth can be, for example, -60 °, namely at a wedge angle of about 70 °. The normal conveying direction is in Fig. 7 indicated by the arrow, ie the less steep edge 64 is normally used to convey the fiber material. However, the steeper flank 66 (of the "tooth spine") can serve to convey the material when the drive motor (not shown) for the feed roller is reversible, as explained in the introduction.

The invention is particularly important where it must be expected that the supply of material to the card must be temporarily adjusted. The feed roller should reliably "thread" the material from the shaft part 40 into the feeder when restarting. For this purpose, the set must have a certain "aggressiveness", which is ensured by means of the selected tooth geometry. An aggressive garnish, however, exerts "restraining forces" on the material, which can lead to problems in separating the material from the pickup roller. A clean separation is very important, otherwise the risk of winding is increased. Since this risk is also dependent on the fiber assortment, the clothing must be selected such that it does not form a roll on the feed roller with the material to be processed.

Claims (11)

1. A feed or draw-in roller (50) with a clothing in form of a wound wire, with the clothing wire (56) having a root section (60) and a leaf section projecting up from the root section and the leaf section being formed with triangular teeth and the leaf height (BT), selected as total height (h1) minus root height (h2), being less than 2.5 mm, characterized in that the front angle α, which is enclosed by the conveying profile and a line perpendicular to the base of the wire, of each tooth is -20° to -60°, and the wedge angle β of each tooth is 30° to 120°.
2. A feed or draw-in roller (50) as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the tooth shape corresponds substantially to that of an isosceles triangle.
3. A feed or draw-in roller (50) as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tooth spacing is between 3.0 and 5.0 mm.
4. A feed or draw-in roller (50) as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tooth spacing is chosen larger than the leaf height.
5. A feed or draw-in roller (50) as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the root width (b1) is larger than the leaf height (BT).
6. A feed or draw-in roller (50) as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the root width (b1) is between 2.0 and 4.0 mm.
7. A feed or draw-in roller (50) as claimed in one of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the wire is provided with a root width (b1) of at least 1 mm, therewith it can be placed in a groove when used.
8. A feed or draw-in roller (50) as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the leaf height (BT) is less than 2 mm, especially between 1.0 and 2.0 mm, preferably between 1.3 mm and 1.7 mm.
9. A feed or draw-in roller (50) as claimed in one of the preceding claims, except for claim 2, characterized in that an asymmetrical triangle is chosen as the tooth geometry, whereby the less steep tooth profile is set in the conveying direction.
10. A feed or draw-in roller (50) as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lead of the wire is between 3.0 mm and 5.00 mm.
11. A fiber tuft feeder with a feeding apparatus (48), in order to supply fiber material to an opening roller, comprised of a feed or draw-in roller (50) and a feeding trough (52), characterized in that the feed or draw-in roller is built according to one of the claims 1 to 9.

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