EP3160837A1 - Submarine and method for opening a hatch of a submarine bounded by a shaft - Google Patents
Submarine and method for opening a hatch of a submarine bounded by a shaftInfo
- Publication number
- EP3160837A1 EP3160837A1 EP15733658.7A EP15733658A EP3160837A1 EP 3160837 A1 EP3160837 A1 EP 3160837A1 EP 15733658 A EP15733658 A EP 15733658A EP 3160837 A1 EP3160837 A1 EP 3160837A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- shaft
- wedge
- hatch
- submarine
- opening
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 64
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000239290 Araneae Species 0.000 description 5
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 5
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 241000251729 Elasmobranchii Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000935985 Certhiidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
- B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a submarine and a method of opening a hatch of a submarine limited by a hoistway.
- Such hatches are typically intended for cargo intake and embedded in a pressure hull of the submarine.
- a recess in a pressure body of the submarine is usually required, whereby a scaffold formed by frames and stringer of the pressure hull must be structurally interrupted.
- an insertion link which is arranged to close the hatch within the shaft to reinforce the scaffold.
- the shaft tapers along a direction extending into the interior of the submarine, and the deliberately designed, configured insertion tie is correspondingly wedge-shaped.
- the wedge-shaped insertion arm can only be removed by being pulled out of the shaft of the submarine shaft along a direction that runs out of the submarine interior. If the crawler load is to be stowed inside the submarine while cargo is being picked up, the crawler load generally has to be turned by 90 ° and then lowered into the submarine interior.
- the tie bar also settles so firmly on the shaft that the previously known methods for releasing or decoupling the tie bars, for example via a push-up by means of pressure screws, do not lead to the desired success and therefore the use of additional measures, For example, hammer blows required.
- the present methods are difficult to automate due to the complex and directional maneuvers (lifting, turning, deflating, ...) of the tie-in during opening and closing of the hatch. Disclosure of the invention
- a hatch limited by a shaft can be opened easily. Furthermore, it is desirable for the hatch to be at least partially automated to open and close to reduce crew work and injury risk.
- the object of the present invention is achieved by a submarine with a hatch limited by a shaft, wherein the hatch in a closed state with a
- Insert link and the wedge can be removed separately from the shaft.
- the method according to the invention has the advantage that the insertion link no longer has to be designed precisely to the shaft shape, in particular wedge-shaped, in order to arrange it in the shaft. Rather, the allowed
- the insert can be shaped and dimensioned so that it is shorter than the dimensions of the shaft, and thus immediately after
- the hatch extends substantially along a longitudinal axis of the submarine and is embedded in the pressure body.
- the hatch is essentially limited by a shaft, in particular by the inner wall, wherein the shaft tapers along a direction extending into the U-boat interior direction.
- the hatch is preferably a cargo hatch through which a cargo, for example a torpedo, is conveyed in the opened state. The charge can then
- the pressure body preferably has in addition to the
- the scaffold formed from frames and stringers will be supplemented by arranged in the shaft loading armature or one for the formation of a hatch required interruption is closed again by the insertion arm used in order to guarantee the required for a dive statics of the pressure hull.
- the wedge is arranged between the insertion flange and a contact surface of the shaft.
- the insertion flange and the wedge are at least temporarily movable in opposite directions when closing or opening the hatch.
- the wedge and the cot are conveyed out of the slot or into the slot by the opposite movement.
- the wedge can be pulled out of the submarine along a direction that extends out of the submarine interior, and the loading trench can be drawn into the submarine, in particular into its pressure body, along a direction extending into the submarine interior. Pulling it in does not transfer the insert spreader into a position or position when it is opened in which it could complicate or even impede the transport of the load to the open hatch in any way.
- the wedges are configured such that the wedges of the load that are to be conveyed out of the shaft and which are to be conveyed through the hatch form a passage through which the cargo can be guided to the hatch.
- Coupling preferably immediately before closing the hatch, and remains in particular in the closed state.
- the insertion link is arranged to connect to the wedge just above the shaft on the side facing away from the U-boat interior side.
- Lifting device can be pushed out of the shaft.
- the composite of insertion arm and wedge triggers again from the shaft. It is envisaged that the composite is pressed out of the shaft only a few millimeters.
- Einlegespants is arranged, used. For example, it is in the
- Lifting device to a short-stroke cylinder with a shut-off valve which has a
- Attachment point is connected to a hand pump.
- the composite of insert spine and wedge in the closed state, is connected via a shock clamp to a pressure hull of the submarine.
- the composite of insert flange and wedge can be optimally positioned in the shaft and it is advantageously causes a bias.
- the shock clips are released before the hatch should be opened again.
- the insertion flange is coupled when opening the hatch via a lifting device to a pivoting device, wherein the lifting device and / or the pivoting device in
- Closure state is decoupled from the insertion flange.
- the coupling occurs when opening.
- the insertion link can be easily conveyed out of the shaft during opening or, when closing, into the shaft.
- the pivoting device preferably via a pivoting arm, it is possible to realize a comparatively simple automation via the pivoting device.
- the decoupling prevents individual Parts of the system in a shock and / or operating load case support each other and touch each other and thereby damage.
- the wedge is connected to a winch for pulling the wedge out of the shaft and / or
- At least one cable drum on the pressure hull of the submarine and a pulley leading pulley are arranged above the shaft.
- the winch makes it easy to pull the wedge out of the shaft. It is conceivable that the winch does not pull the wedge completely out of the shaft, but only so far, until the wedges give the leash the way for a Ablassterrorism. Another advantage of the winch is that it can be easily automated, for example via a motor.
- the deflection rollers are arranged on a loading shaft, which is arranged above the hatch.
- two synchronized winches on opposite sides of the shaft are arranged when a wedge starboard side and a wedge port side next to the
- Lying spreader are arranged.
- the pivoting device is mounted or arranged in the locked state locked in a bearing block.
- locking the pivoting device, in particular the swivel arm fixed.
- Such a fixation proves to be advantageous in particular in swell, shock and / or in the case of an operating load and prevents unwanted, preferably inertial
- a plurality of insertion ribs in the shaft is arranged.
- a plurality of insertion ribs in the shaft is arranged.
- At least one wedge preferably two wedges are provided for each insertion of this plurality of insertion beams.
- This plurality of insertion ribs is preferably connected in each case via a lifting device with the pivoting device. Furthermore, it is provided that the plurality of insertion ribs is conveyed out of the shaft or into the shaft by a common pivoting movement, preferably simultaneously. In a further embodiment, it is provided that in each case a wedge with a
- Winch is connected and / or a plurality of winches on a common transmission shaft is driven.
- the winch is connected and / or a plurality of winches on a common transmission shaft is driven.
- Transmission shaft is driven by a worm gear.
- Transmission shaft are attached to the rope drums of the individual winches, whereby the individual winches are driven by the common transmission shaft. This can be advantageously a timed, preferably synchronous
- the pivotable loading system is arranged, which receives the torpedo and then deposits at a predetermined location in the weapons store.
- the hatch is automatically closable.
- the hatch can also be opened automatically.
- Another object of the present invention is a method for opening a hatch of a submarine limited by a shaft, wherein in a first method step for opening the hatch, an insertion flange and a wedge are pulled out of the shaft separately. Compared to the prior art, the method has the advantage that the insertion link can be easily detached from the shaft.
- the insertion beam can be designed such that it can be pulled in a movement in a pressure hull of a submarine without costly turning and turning maneuver.
- Connecting means are connected to a composite of Einlegespant and wedge and / or
- the third step of the composite of wedge and Einlegespant is connected via a shock clamp with a pressure hull of the submarine.
- Pivoting device is coupled for opening and / or closing, wherein the lifting device and / or the pivoting device is decoupled from the insertion link in a fifth method step and / or
- a sixth method step which represents in particular a preferred embodiment of the first method step, the wedge via a winch from the shaft
- the zeroth process step, the first process step, the second process step, the third process step, the fourth process step, the fifth process step and / or the sixth process step are carried out automatically. This will be the
- Connecting means are connected to the composite of insert and wedge (see second step),
- the swiveling device is decoupled from the laying spreader (see fifth
- the insert is coupled via a lifting device to a pivoting device for opening (see fourth step),
- the opening process is as follows: To open the hatch, first the composite of the insert spider and the wedge is pushed out of the shaft.
- the composite of insert and wedge is loosened and in particular the wedge removed, d. h disconnected from the laying spreader.
- the insertion link is pivoted out of the shaft, preferably by pivoting a pivoting arm, on which the insertion link is disposed, downwards.
- the hatch is opened and the loading process can be started.
- the closing process is as follows: After completion of the loading operation, the hatch is closed by preferably first pivoting the insert spider back into the shaft, preferably without finally closing it. Subsequently, the insertion beam is preferably connected to the wedge.
- FIG. 1 shows a closed hatch according to the prior art.
- Figure 2 shows a sealed hatch of a submarine in a side view, the hatch for a method of opening and closing according to a first exemplary
- Embodiment of the present invention is provided.
- FIG. 3 shows a hatch of a submarine in a side view during opening according to a second exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 shows a hatch of a submarine in a side view during opening according to a third exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- 5 shows a closed hatch of a submarine in a perspective view, wherein the hatch is provided for a method for opening and closing the hatch according to a fourth exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 shows an opened hatch of a submarine in a perspective view, wherein the hatch is provided for a method for opening and closing the hatch according to a fifth exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 shows a detail of a submarine with a hatch.
- the hatch is a cargo hatch through which charges are carried into a submarine interior 20.
- torpedoes 14 are loaded into a weapon space arranged below the hatch and stored there by the opened hatch.
- the hatch is embedded in a pressure body of the submarine, which in addition to a pressure body skin scaffold of frames and stringers 16 has.
- the hatch is structurally determined by a shaft 3.
- the shaft 3 preferably tapers along a direction running into the submarine interior 20 and is limited by contact surfaces 18. To integrate the hatch in the pressure hull, it is necessary that the shaft 3 interrupts the framework of frames and stringers 16.
- the shaft 3 is closed with an insert 1, whereby the recess in the frame of frames and stringers 16 filled again or otherwise missing in the frame missing frame is replaced.
- the inserted crawler 1 then supports in a closed state the pressure hull in submerged operation of the submarine and must be removed for a complete opening of the hatch from the shaft again, if a charge is to be absorbed by the submarine.
- a loading shaft 28, which is arranged above the shaft and essentially oblique, is provided, which can preferably be closed substantially watertight with a hatch cover 19.
- a cable is arranged with a deflection roller 13 in the loading shaft, with which the insert 1 can be lifted from the shaft 3.
- the insertion link 1 comprises a cable holder 39 to which the cable can be attached.
- Lying ribs 1 are known from the prior art, which are designed such that they can be inserted accurately into the shaft 3. For filling the shaft 3, it provides the prior art that the insertion link 1 directly to the
- the insertion beam 1 is configured to take into account the tapering of the shaft 3. Due to the compressive forces occurring during the dive of the submarine, the insert 1 is pressed into the shaft 3. The insertion link then set 1 can then be difficult to solve from the shaft 3. For releasing the insert 1, the prior art provides
- Tilting jack 1 until it passes through the shaft 3 and can be drained into the submarine interior 20. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method that facilitates the handle, in particular of the insert rims 1, when opening and closing and can be automated as easily as possible.
- FIG. 2 shows a hatch of a submarine in a side view in the closed state.
- the sloping Loading shaft 28 Above the hatch in the pressure hull is the sloping Loading shaft 28 is arranged, which can close with the help of the hatch cover 19 for the dive and over which the cargo is transported to the hatch. It is envisaged that to close the hatch of the shaft 3 with an insert spreader 1 and one of the
- Shim 1 separate wedge 2 is filled. It is conceivable that the insertion beam is at least partially wedge-shaped. Preferably, it is provided that for closing, d. H. to achieve the closure state of the hatch, a wedge 2 each starboard side and port side between the insertion jib 1 and the contact surface 18 of the shaft 3 is arranged. As a result, the insertion link 1 can be designed so that it after removing the wedges 2 when opening the hatch down, d. H. along a direction extending into the submarine interior 20, into which the submarine interior 20 can be pulled. For closing the hatch, it is therefore provided that the insertion link 1 is disposed within the shaft 3 and the wedges 2 are placed between the insertion flange 1 and the bearing surface 18 of the shaft 3.
- the wedge 2 and the insert 1 are connected to each other for the closing of the hatch via a connecting means 5 and thereby form a composite of wedge 2 and 1 insert frame in a coupling state.
- the wedge 2 and the insert 1 are connected to one another at the side facing the submarine interior 20, for example by means of a connecting screw 4.
- a connecting screw 4 As a result, it can be ensured that the wedge 2 can be pulled into the shaft 3 together with the insert spider 1.
- Shock clamps 6 are provided, via which the insertion flange 1 and the wedge. 2
- the composite can be connected to the pressure hull, in particular with the framework of frames and stringers 16.
- the bonding of the composite with the pressure body takes place, for example via fastening screws 30, after the composite has been introduced into the shaft 3.
- the composite of insert 1 and 2 wedge is fixed and biased in a position defined with respect to the pressure body, which facilitates the entire insertion of the insertion link and wedge in a zeroth process step.
- Process step coupled.
- a stroke caused by the lifting device 22 forward stroke is then released in the fourth process step, the composite of insertion link 1 and 2 wedge of the contact surface 18 and raised a few millimeters.
- the insertion link 1 is connected via the lifting device 22 and / or coupling elements 31 to a swivel arm 26, which is preferably provided for moving the insertion link 1 when closing and / or opening the hatch.
- the pivoting arm 26 is connected exclusively to the insertion link 1 during opening and / or closing, in order to avoid mutual support or contact in the event of shock or operation.
- FIG. 4 shows a hatch of a submarine in a side view during opening according to a third exemplary embodiment of the present invention. It is provided that the wedge 2 is pulled separately from the shaft 3. For this purpose, it is provided that the connecting means 5 and / or the shock clamp 6 are released from the insertion link 1 and wedge 2. To pull out the wedges 2 winches 9 are provided, the side drums 8 are preferably arranged on the pressure body and the deflection rollers 13 are arranged above the shaft 3 at the loading shaft 28.
- the cable drums 8 are arranged in a cable winch main body 23, whose one (pointing to the shaft) side is designed such that it serves to guide the wedge 2 in its extraction or the wedge 2 at
- FIG. 5 shows a closed hatch of a submarine in a perspective view, wherein the hatch is provided for a method for opening and closing the hatch.
- four curbs along the longitudinal axis of the submarine are arranged side by side.
- Lying spars 1 the individual cushions 1 are each connected via the lifting device 22 with a common pivot arm 26.
- Swivel arm 26 the creepers 1 together out of the slot 3 or moved into it.
- the pivot arm 26 pivots when opening by one
- a hand pump 24 is used, which via a Ansteckddling 35 is connected to a shut-off valve having a short-stroke cylinder.
- the composite of insert 1 and wedge 2 is raised by a few millimeters.
- the swivel arm 26 to be locked in a closed position in which the hatch is closed by the insert spider 1 or the insertion spars 1.
- one end of the pivot arm 26 is mounted in a bearing block 1 1, which has a locking cylinder 27, by means of which the pivot arm 26 is fixed.
- the wedge 2 provided in each case for the individual infeed strut 1 to be pulled out of the shaft 3 via its own cable winch 9. It is preferably provided that individual winches 9 are connected via a common transmission shaft 12, whereby the extraction of the individual wedges 2 can be synchronized from the shaft 3. It is provided that the transmission shaft 12 is driven by a worm gear 25. On the transmission shaft 12 are
- the cable drums 8 arranged, which drives a rope of the winch 9.
- the ropes are connected via the winches 9 with the wedges 2, wherein the ropes are guided over deflection rollers 13.
- the individual pulleys 13 are above the shaft 3 on
- Loading shaft 28 is arranged. Since the shaft 3 extends obliquely to the longitudinal axis of the submarine, the individual deflection rollers 13 are arranged at different distances, in particular heights, to the shaft opening.
- FIG. 6 an open hatch of a submarine is shown in a side view, wherein the hatch is provided for a method for opening and closing the hatch.
- the hatch is that shown in FIG. 5 when the insertion link 1 has been pulled out of the shaft 3 with the aid of the pivoting arm 26.
- a storage room preferably a weapons store, arranged by, for example, torpedoes 14 are stored. It is conceivable that the torpedoes 14 can be transported via a pivotable loading system 36 within the storage room. It is particularly provided that the pivot arm 26 is designed such that the on
- Swivel arm 26 fixed lumbar spars 1 block possible transport routes for the cargo within the storage room.
- the pivot arm 26 is preferably pivoted by more than 90 °. It is conceivable that the extraction of the wedges 2 and the pivoting of the insertion ribs 1 is automated to the
- Swivel arm 26 is provided. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
- Laying Of Electric Cables Or Lines Outside (AREA)
- Electric Cable Installation (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102014109089.6A DE102014109089A1 (en) | 2014-06-27 | 2014-06-27 | Submarine and method for opening a hatch of a submarine limited by a manhole |
PCT/EP2015/063900 WO2015197506A1 (en) | 2014-06-27 | 2015-06-22 | Submarine and method for opening a hatch of a submarine bounded by a shaft |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3160837A1 true EP3160837A1 (en) | 2017-05-03 |
EP3160837B1 EP3160837B1 (en) | 2018-09-26 |
Family
ID=53502629
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP15733658.7A Active EP3160837B1 (en) | 2014-06-27 | 2015-06-22 | Submarine and method for opening a hatch of a submarine bounded by a shaft |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3160837B1 (en) |
KR (1) | KR102022759B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102014109089A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2701097T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2015197506A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
RU2732039C1 (en) * | 2020-05-06 | 2020-09-10 | АО "Санкт-Петербургское морское бюро машиностроения "Малахит" (АО "СПМБМ "Малахит") | Apparatus for release and reception an underwater instrument or unmanned underwater vehicle of an underwater technical means |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB141781A (en) * | 1918-12-23 | 1920-04-23 | William Burwell | Improvements relating to glazing or securing glass in objects and structures |
US1752354A (en) * | 1928-04-30 | 1930-04-01 | Fred A Sieverling | Safety apparatus for boats |
FR863807A (en) * | 1939-10-07 | 1941-04-10 | Submarine rescue device | |
US2335450A (en) * | 1942-06-16 | 1943-11-30 | William A Sandberg | Air lock and manway therefor |
DE1192944B (en) * | 1961-06-08 | 1965-05-13 | Spirotechnique | Waterproof porthole, especially for underwater equipment |
US5176029A (en) * | 1992-05-08 | 1993-01-05 | Maritrans Operating Partners L.P. | Ullage tube viewing device |
US6503022B1 (en) * | 2000-08-16 | 2003-01-07 | Halter Marine, Inc. | Bouyant moon pool plug |
DE102009025111B3 (en) * | 2009-06-11 | 2010-12-16 | Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft Gmbh | submarine |
-
2014
- 2014-06-27 DE DE102014109089.6A patent/DE102014109089A1/en not_active Ceased
-
2015
- 2015-06-22 EP EP15733658.7A patent/EP3160837B1/en active Active
- 2015-06-22 KR KR1020167036211A patent/KR102022759B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2015-06-22 ES ES15733658T patent/ES2701097T3/en active Active
- 2015-06-22 WO PCT/EP2015/063900 patent/WO2015197506A1/en active Application Filing
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR20170023853A (en) | 2017-03-06 |
ES2701097T3 (en) | 2019-02-20 |
DE102014109089A1 (en) | 2015-12-31 |
KR102022759B1 (en) | 2019-09-18 |
EP3160837B1 (en) | 2018-09-26 |
WO2015197506A1 (en) | 2015-12-30 |
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