EP3141362A1 - Procede de fabrication d'une structure en mortier ou en beton et systeme adapte - Google Patents

Procede de fabrication d'une structure en mortier ou en beton et systeme adapte Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3141362A1
EP3141362A1 EP15002661.5A EP15002661A EP3141362A1 EP 3141362 A1 EP3141362 A1 EP 3141362A1 EP 15002661 A EP15002661 A EP 15002661A EP 3141362 A1 EP3141362 A1 EP 3141362A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
less
passage
space
concrete
fiber length
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP15002661.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3141362B1 (fr
Inventor
Dirk Volkmer
Manuel Hambach
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SCHWENK Zement KG
Original Assignee
SCHWENK Zement KG
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Publication date
Application filed by SCHWENK Zement KG filed Critical SCHWENK Zement KG
Priority to PL15002661T priority Critical patent/PL3141362T3/pl
Priority to DK15002661.5T priority patent/DK3141362T3/da
Priority to EP15002661.5A priority patent/EP3141362B1/fr
Priority to HUE15002661A priority patent/HUE053129T2/hu
Publication of EP3141362A1 publication Critical patent/EP3141362A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3141362B1 publication Critical patent/EP3141362B1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/52—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material specially adapted for producing articles from mixtures containing fibres, e.g. asbestos cement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
    • B28B13/02—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles
    • B28B13/0215—Feeding the moulding material in measured quantities from a container or silo
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
    • B28B13/02—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles
    • B28B13/0215—Feeding the moulding material in measured quantities from a container or silo
    • B28B13/026—Feeding the moulding material in measured quantities from a container or silo by using a movable hopper transferring the moulding material to the moulding cavities
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B23/00—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
    • B28B23/0006—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects the reinforcement consisting of aligned, non-metal reinforcing elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a structure of a predetermined shape from mortar or concrete, in which flowing a binder-containing and the strength increase of the structure serving cut fibers containing flowable mass from a first space by at least one passage in a flow direction to a second space, where the flowability of the flowable mass decreases, as well as a suitable arrangement.
  • This extrusion method in which the flowable mass flows from a first space through at least one passage in a flow direction to a second space, can also be used for the production of fiber-reinforced concrete parts.
  • the binder-containing flowable mass chopped fibers are added, for example, 25 mm in length.
  • fiber amounts in the Range of 4 to 10 vol .-% of the flowable mass can be used.
  • the invention has for its object to improve a method of the type mentioned again especially from the viewpoint of flexibility.
  • the invention thus devises a completely different way of providing structures of mortar or concrete by giving up advantages of the extrusion molding process. Rather, the shape of the structure is determined by an outer boundary of the second space, which may be, for example, a form or casing. Also, the invention is a completely different way of fiber reinforcement than in the conventional laying of existing fiber fabrics reinforcing mats, which are inserted into the form or before the mortar or concrete mass is filled / injected.
  • the transverse dimension does not deviate more than 60% from the mean fiber length, preferably not more than 50%, in particular not more than 40%, these values independently of one another for deviations up / down and thus, for example, the interval [0.4-1.4] for 60% downward deviation and 40% upward deviation. This allows even better fiber orientation during the flow of the flowable mass through the passage and also reduces the risk of blockage of the passage. It is particularly preferably provided that the transverse dimension is less than the average fiber length.
  • the relationship between the transverse dimension and the mean fiber length applies to a plurality, in particular all, to the flow direction orthogonal transverse dimensions of the passage. This allows a fiber orientation with weight center of gravity around the flow direction itself.
  • the viscosity of the flowable mass in units of kg / m -1 s -1 is less than 500,000, preferably less than 300,000, in particular less than 200,000, on the other hand preferably higher than 5,000, preferably higher than 20,000, in particular higher than 30,000.
  • These viscosity data refer not to the dynamic case when passing through the passage, but to the unloaded material property or the viscosity at shear stresses of not higher than 10 kg / m -1 s -2 .
  • the measured in kg / m -1 s -1 viscosity is still higher than 5, preferably 10, in particular 50, but less than 10,000, preferably less than 5,000, in particular less as 2,000.
  • the responsible for the flow of the flowable mass device could be realized for example by a movable punch or an extruder screw.
  • the passage can be positioned along and / or transversely to the flow direction and, in particular, repositioned during the method. This increases the flexibility in filling the second space defined by the perimeter.
  • the passage can be oriented relative to the second space, and in particular during the process, a reorientation which changes the direction of flow takes place. This allows a filling of the second space determined by the outer boundary with a flow direction set with respect to a given spatial axis when the flowable mass leaves the passage.
  • the flow direction is vertical upon passage and the passage, e.g. an array of nozzles is transverse to it along two linear independent axes of motion movable.
  • the speed of the movement is greater than or equal to the flow velocity of the mass when flowing through the passage.
  • the scalar product of the normalized to length 1 direction vectors on the one hand, the average fiber orientation in a fiber containing in the second space reaching its destination volume element of the mass and on the other hand, a predetermined passing through the destination Wergetrajektorie (in use of the produced Structure) is greater than 1/2, preferably greater than 1 / ⁇ 2, more preferably greater than ⁇ 3 / 2, in particular greater than 0.96.
  • reinforcing fibers inorganic and organic, but these preferably have carbon / carbon structures, in particular they contain or consist of carbon fibers.
  • the flowable mass for forming, for example, a concrete structure is not subject to any particular restrictions with regard to its components. It may, for example, have a volume percentage of mineral binder in the range between 1% and 80%, preferably in the range between 10% and 70%, in particular between 20% and 60%.
  • the water content may for example be between 0.5% and 30%, preferably between 5% and 25%.
  • mineral fillers in the range, for example, between 1% and 80%, preferably between 5% and 65%, in particular between 10% and 50% may be included, and (conventional) suitable additives such as a polycarboxylate superplasticizer, for example, in an amount between 1% and 3%.
  • volume percentage of the cut fibers it is preferred that this is more than 0.1, preferably more than 0.6 and in particular more than 1.2. On the other hand, it is preferred that this volume percentage is not greater than 20, preferably not greater than 10, in particular not greater than 5.
  • the mean length of the cut fibers is greater than 0.1 mm, preferably greater than 1 mm, in particular greater than 2 mm, whereas mean lengths of less than 50 mm, preferably less than 30 mm, in particular less than 15 mm are preferred.
  • the mean diameter of the cut fibers should preferably be greater than 2 .mu.m, preferably greater than 4 .mu.m, in particular greater than 6 .mu.m, on the other hand average diameter values of less than 50 .mu.m, preferably less than 30 .mu.m, in particular less than 15 .mu.m, are preferably considered ,
  • the flowable mass undergoes a shear stress in Pa, whose logarithm of log (log) is greater than 0.4, preferably as 0.7, in particular as 1.0 and / or less than 3.0, preferably less than when passing through the passage 2.5, in particular less than 2.0.
  • the object is achieved by an arrangement for producing a structure of a predetermined shape of mortar or concrete, with a flowing a binder-containing and the increase in strength of the structure serving cut fibers containing flowable mass from a first space by at least one passage in a flow direction a second space effecting mechanism characterized essentially by an outer boundary of the second space defining the shape of the structure and in that a transverse dimension of the passage orthogonal to the flow direction is not more than 80% different from the mean fiber length of the cut fibers and / or less is as the average fiber length and in particular less than 20 mm, preferably 10 mm, more preferably less than 7 mm, in particular less than 5 mm, and by a system of this application and the flowable mass.
  • the arrangement is not limited to such that have a total of only one passage. Rather, more than one passage can be provided for faster filling of the second space, in particular an array of two or more passages, whose transverse dimensions are located in said areas and which are in particular the same.
  • nozzles nozzle tips
  • nozzle tips are used as passages, in particular with a conical narrowing towards the nozzle tip.
  • the boundary of the second space is given by a shape or a casing. This allows the production on the one hand in its shape by the shape certain structural parts and on the other hand, the production of the structures at the location of their later use.
  • the arrangement may have a cleaning mechanism to counteract any risks of blockage of the passage.
  • the cleaning mechanism may have one or more stamps adapted to the pass or passages, which are movable relative to the passage and clean them by means of their piercing.
  • a downstream region of the passage limitation of their Remove upstream region for example, a nozzle tip of a conically shaped, for example, the nozzle forming the passage.
  • the invention provides a mortar or concrete structure produced by the method according to the invention is protected, whose outer shape is formed by a mold or a formwork and at least predominantly the scalar product on the one hand to the direction vector of a given trajectory in the structure and the other
  • a unit vector of the averaged fiber orientation of the cut fibers in the structure arranged at the locations traversed by the trajectory is greater than 1/2, preferably greater than 1 / ⁇ 2, more preferably greater than ⁇ 3 / 2, in particular greater than 0.96.
  • the use of such a concrete or mortar structure in a (bending) loading force exposed manner is such that the predetermined trajectory is a tensile force trajectory of the structure corresponding to the loading force.
  • the invention also discloses, independently and independently, a process in which one obtains a desired structure of a given shape from mortar or concrete and predetermined traction trajectories in the structure at an expected load in use of the structure, in particular by means of an arrangement of the above
  • the orientation of the cut fibers contained in the concrete mass used to form the structure is in any case predominantly increased with statistical weight along these traction trajectories, in particular below the abovementioned scalar product values.
  • These structures have a (bending) tensile strength of more than 20 MPa, preferably more than 40 MPa, in particular more than 60 MPa.
  • Fig. 1 schematically a recorded in a room concrete mass 1 is shown, which is bounded by a lateral boundary 2 and a punch 7.
  • the concrete mass 1 comprises, in addition to its main constituents, a mineral binder (cement, about 60 ⁇ 5%), mineral fillers (about 20 ⁇ 5%, for example silica dust) and water (about 20 ⁇ 5%) an addition of fibers 8 , which make up 1% in this embodiment and here are carbon fibers, for example.
  • fibers 8 which make up 1% in this embodiment and here are carbon fibers, for example.
  • FIG. 1 Shown is a casing 6, which defines the shape of a solidifying concrete structure 5, wherein the filling of the casing 6 by actuation of the punch 7, which is indicated by the four arrows, takes place, whereby the concrete mass 1 through the nozzles 3 in the casing. 6 is introduced.
  • the filling arrangement in FIG Fig. 1 is moved to the right, here, for example, at a speed corresponding to the flow velocity of the mass 1 when passing through the nozzles 3.
  • the fibers 8 Due to the coordinated dimensions of the cross section at the outlet end of the nozzles 3 and the average fiber length of the fibers 8 (in the schematic representation, all fibers 8 have the same length), the fibers 8 orient themselves with respect to the flow direction at the exit from the nozzles 3 in the flow direction, a oriented fiber is provided with the reference numeral 4. Even after the laying of the emergent strands, the relative orientation of the fibers within the strand is substantially retained. The laid strands are still sufficiently flowable to fill the casing 6 completely and coherently.
  • Fig. 1 As is apparent from the schematic representation of Fig. 1 can be seen, then receives the then solidifying in the casing 6 concrete structure therefore a structure in which the fibers against a preferred direction, the in Fig. 1 is horizontal, oriented. In fact, of course not all fibers will be exactly parallel to this preferred direction, at this point the drawing simplifies the actual one The fact that the statistical weight of the fiber orientation distribution is concentrated around this spatial axis.
  • the bending tensile strength is clear, in the exemplary embodiment by a factor of 3 or more higher compared to a case in which a nearly isotropic distribution of the chamfers would realize in the casing with conventional filling, similar to how they were previously in the filling tube in the given by the boundary 2 enclosed (first) space.
  • the vertical feed is not meant to be limiting, rather the invention also allows other feeds.
  • the punch 7 could be used to promote the flowable concrete mass, for example, an extruder screw.
  • Fig. 2 the supply limiting the first space is arranged differently insofar as it takes place through a ram 77 which is guided through the nozzles 3 orthogonally to the passage direction of the flowable concrete mass 8.
  • the cleaning punches 9 can, as in Fig. 2 is shown, are pushed through the nozzles 3 to clean them of any unwanted blockages by, for example, a Faseragglomeration.
  • a further embodiment of a nozzle 30 is shown, which as an integral part of the cleaning mechanism alternatively and / or in addition to the in Fig. 2 shown punches 9 can be used.
  • the nozzle 30 has a nozzle body 31 fixedly connected to the overlying nozzle head and a nozzle tip 35 detachable from the nozzle body 31. Due to the conical shape of the nozzle 30, the nozzle exit 36, as indicated at 36, is increased as the nozzle tip 35 is removed so that a possibly forming, in Fig. 3 designated fiber agglomeration 44 may pass through the nozzle 30. Also in Fig. 3 is simplified, as the fibers parallel to the nozzle axis oriented pass the nozzle outlet 36.
  • the flowable concrete mass is not sufficiently viscous at this time to ensure dimensional stability as in the extrusion of concrete structure parts. Rather, the shape of the concrete structure produced by a mold (mold) or shuttering (6 in Fig. 1 ), in which is filled with the nozzle (s) ( Fig. 1 ).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
EP15002661.5A 2015-09-11 2015-09-11 Procede de fabrication d'une structure en mortier ou en beton et systeme adapte Active EP3141362B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL15002661T PL3141362T3 (pl) 2015-09-11 2015-09-11 Sposób wytwarzania struktury z zaprawy murarskiej lub z betonu i zespół do tego przystosowany
DK15002661.5T DK3141362T3 (da) 2015-09-11 2015-09-11 Fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af en struktur af mørtel eller beton og indretning, der er egnet til dette
EP15002661.5A EP3141362B1 (fr) 2015-09-11 2015-09-11 Procede de fabrication d'une structure en mortier ou en beton et systeme adapte
HUE15002661A HUE053129T2 (hu) 2015-09-11 2015-09-11 Eljárás habarcsból vagy betonból lévõ struktúra elõállítására és erre alkalmas elrendezés

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15002661.5A EP3141362B1 (fr) 2015-09-11 2015-09-11 Procede de fabrication d'une structure en mortier ou en beton et systeme adapte

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3141362A1 true EP3141362A1 (fr) 2017-03-15
EP3141362B1 EP3141362B1 (fr) 2020-10-28

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EP15002661.5A Active EP3141362B1 (fr) 2015-09-11 2015-09-11 Procede de fabrication d'une structure en mortier ou en beton et systeme adapte

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EP (1) EP3141362B1 (fr)
DK (1) DK3141362T3 (fr)
HU (1) HUE053129T2 (fr)
PL (1) PL3141362T3 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111483036A (zh) * 2020-04-30 2020-08-04 湖南大学 超高性能混凝土纤维定向装置及其浇筑方法
DE102020113408A1 (de) 2020-05-18 2021-11-18 Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (Rwth) Aachen Vorrichtung zum Aufbauen eines Körpers und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Körpers mit einer solchen Vorrichtung
CN117901250A (zh) * 2024-03-20 2024-04-19 徐州市公路工程总公司 一种混凝土预制构件自动化成型系统

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5359717A (en) * 1976-10-21 1978-05-29 Shiyunichi Akazawa Nozzle for orientation of fibres in steellfibreereinforced concrete or mortar
JPS6072705A (ja) * 1983-09-29 1985-04-24 住友金属工業株式会社 繊維補強セメント系硬化物の製造法
JPH02263608A (ja) * 1989-04-04 1990-10-26 Kumagai Gumi Co Ltd 打設装置
WO1993025778A1 (fr) * 1992-06-17 1993-12-23 Baeckman Bygg Ab S Panneau mural et ses procede et dispositif de fabrication
US6528151B1 (en) 1994-02-01 2003-03-04 Northwestern University Extruded fiber reinforced cement matrix composites and method of making same
JP2003211427A (ja) * 2002-01-18 2003-07-29 Kurabo Ind Ltd 短繊維複合セメント系押出成形材料とその製造方法

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5359717A (en) * 1976-10-21 1978-05-29 Shiyunichi Akazawa Nozzle for orientation of fibres in steellfibreereinforced concrete or mortar
JPS6072705A (ja) * 1983-09-29 1985-04-24 住友金属工業株式会社 繊維補強セメント系硬化物の製造法
JPH02263608A (ja) * 1989-04-04 1990-10-26 Kumagai Gumi Co Ltd 打設装置
WO1993025778A1 (fr) * 1992-06-17 1993-12-23 Baeckman Bygg Ab S Panneau mural et ses procede et dispositif de fabrication
US6528151B1 (en) 1994-02-01 2003-03-04 Northwestern University Extruded fiber reinforced cement matrix composites and method of making same
JP2003211427A (ja) * 2002-01-18 2003-07-29 Kurabo Ind Ltd 短繊維複合セメント系押出成形材料とその製造方法

Non-Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
BIN MU ET AL., CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH, vol. 30, 2000, pages 1277 - 1282
CORINA ALDEA ET AL., ADVN CEM BAS MAT, vol. 8, 1998, pages 47 - 55
XIAOQIAN QIAN ET AL., CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH, vol. 33, 2003, pages 1575 - 1581
YIXIN SHAO ET AL., CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH, vol. 31, 2001, pages 1153 - 1161

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111483036A (zh) * 2020-04-30 2020-08-04 湖南大学 超高性能混凝土纤维定向装置及其浇筑方法
DE102020113408A1 (de) 2020-05-18 2021-11-18 Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (Rwth) Aachen Vorrichtung zum Aufbauen eines Körpers und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Körpers mit einer solchen Vorrichtung
EP3912800A1 (fr) 2020-05-18 2021-11-24 Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen Dispositif de fabrication additive et procédé de fabrication d'un corps doté d'un tel dispositif
CN117901250A (zh) * 2024-03-20 2024-04-19 徐州市公路工程总公司 一种混凝土预制构件自动化成型系统
CN117901250B (zh) * 2024-03-20 2024-05-10 徐州市公路工程总公司 一种混凝土预制构件自动化成型系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3141362B1 (fr) 2020-10-28
HUE053129T2 (hu) 2021-06-28
DK3141362T3 (da) 2020-11-16
PL3141362T3 (pl) 2021-05-04

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