EP3131679B1 - Entsorgungsvorrichtung, entsorgungssystem und verfahren zur entsorgung von speiseresten - Google Patents

Entsorgungsvorrichtung, entsorgungssystem und verfahren zur entsorgung von speiseresten Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3131679B1
EP3131679B1 EP15716053.2A EP15716053A EP3131679B1 EP 3131679 B1 EP3131679 B1 EP 3131679B1 EP 15716053 A EP15716053 A EP 15716053A EP 3131679 B1 EP3131679 B1 EP 3131679B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
disposal
chamber
grinding chamber
disposal apparatus
space
Prior art date
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Application number
EP15716053.2A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3131679A1 (de
Inventor
Peter Klem
Thomas Peukert
Thomas LOOS
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Meiko Maschinenbau GmbH and Co KG
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Meiko Maschinenbau GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP3131679A1 publication Critical patent/EP3131679A1/de
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/02—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft
    • B02C13/04—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft with beaters hinged to the rotor; Hammer mills
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/10—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft and axial flow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
    • B02C23/16—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with separator defining termination of crushing or disintegrating zone, e.g. screen denying egress of oversize material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/18—Adding fluid, other than for crushing or disintegrating by fluid energy
    • B02C23/38—Adding fluid, other than for crushing or disintegrating by fluid energy in apparatus having multiple crushing or disintegrating zones
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/26—Details
    • B02C13/28—Shape or construction of beater elements
    • B02C2013/2816—Shape or construction of beater elements of chain, rope or cable type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
    • B02C23/16—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with separator defining termination of crushing or disintegrating zone, e.g. screen denying egress of oversize material
    • B02C2023/165—Screen denying egress of oversize material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C2201/00—Codes relating to disintegrating devices adapted for specific materials
    • B02C2201/06—Codes relating to disintegrating devices adapted for specific materials for garbage, waste or sewage

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a disposal device, a disposal system and a method for disposing of food particles.
  • Such disposal devices, disposal systems and methods are used in particular in the field of commercial kitchens or other kitchens, for example in restaurants, canteens, authorities, hospitals and care facilities, schools, restaurants or other facilities where a public catering takes place.
  • other applications are possible in principle.
  • use in smaller kitchens of the public catering is possible, for example in smaller restaurants.
  • the disposal of these food particles is the subject of the present invention.
  • the food particles which are usually in a solid or in a liquid state, may in particular comprise organic waste, but may also comprise other types of waste. Boundary conditions for disposal are in particular sufficient hygiene, the least possible amount of work for the staff, the lowest possible total costs and a small footprint.
  • the food particles are thrown at the place of origin in gutters, in which the food particles are then automatically conveyed by means of water through pipes to a central location, for example in the basement of a building.
  • the food particles are usually dewatered and then stored as a relatively dry substrate in a container, usually also in a cold room, before being picked up by a waste disposal company.
  • One or more workstations can be connected to the system with their drop points.
  • the disposal company can, for example, burn, deposit or feed the leftovers to a biogas plant.
  • the food particles are placed in a feeding station, automatically sucked from there by means of vacuum technology, fed by piping to a crusher and then stored as a viscous mass in a collection tank.
  • a feeding station automatically sucked from there by means of vacuum technology, fed by piping to a crusher and then stored as a viscous mass in a collection tank.
  • the collection tank can be emptied periodically, and the viscous mass can be supplied, for example, a biogas plant.
  • several workstations can be connected to the system with their feeding stations.
  • EP 1 253 094 A1 For example, a waste disposal plant for wet waste, especially for waste in commercial kitchens.
  • the wet waste is transported from decentralized feed stations to a central discharge device.
  • a sieve-shaped collecting funnel is provided, from which liquid passes outwards to an outer collecting area, which is discharged at intervals.
  • the remaining wet waste is thus largely already dewatered when it is fed to further processing, such as a crushing plant and a dewatering press before it is passed, for example, to a food waste silo.
  • waste compactors are known from the prior art, which compact the waste.
  • WO 2012/034917 A1 describes, for example, a waste compactor comprising at least one robust auger, which is inclined and converts downwards.
  • the screw conveyor is arranged in a funnel-shaped housing, which has an outlet opening at its lower end.
  • Shredding devices are also known from the prior art, in which radially arranged chains are rotated in a housing about an axis.
  • DE 4300784 A1 describes, for example, a method for comminution of equipment to be disposed of hard foam or hard plastics, in particular for emission-free recovery of fluorocarbon from polyurethane foam insulation and other components, in particular refrigerators and refrigerators.
  • the hard foam or hard plastics are comminuted together with the other equipment parts in a crushing device. The crushing takes place in a closed to the environment space.
  • the shredding device operates on the mill system, the crushing inter alia, by a movement of the ground material is carried out among themselves, and wherein substantially the following process steps are carried out: a) filling the shredder with the material to be ground; b) inerting the interior of the crusher; c) grinding the material to be shredded; d) evacuating the inert gas and gases produced during grinding; e) discharging the comminuted material to be ground.
  • the comminution device can have, for example, rotating chains.
  • US 3,356,016 B a shredder for scrap.
  • This includes, among other things, a rotating chopper unit and a hammer mill.
  • the chopper unit may, for example, have rotating chains.
  • DE 7539649 U1 describes a device for treating waste, in particular for installation at the production site of the mill.
  • the device comprises a receiving device for the waste, a transport and crushing device and a control device.
  • a bulk box is arranged on a horizontal frame.
  • the transport device consists within the box of at least one chain with drivers, which runs via a gear on a drive shaft and a loose gear on a horizontally adjustable axis.
  • the shredder is formed by the movable dogs and stationary knives on the inside of the casing at the discharge end of the chain.
  • JP 2008 - 114 149 A discloses a disposal device suitable for disposal of food waste.
  • a cylindrical shaped disposal device will be described wherein water is added.
  • the disposal device comprises a device for generating a circulating flow of the added water and a rotary comminution device comprising a rotating and a rigid element. As a result, food particles pass through the shredding device several times.
  • US 2010/0 276 526 A1 discloses a waste disposal apparatus comprising a shredding unit, a dehydrating apparatus, and a drying apparatus.
  • the disposal device is suitable for disposal of food waste.
  • the shredding unit has a rotating blade and a shredder with parallel rotating axes.
  • the disposal devices known from the prior art have in practice a number of technical challenges.
  • the first of the above variants including manual disposal of food debris, is in practice unhygienic and labor intensive, and the emptying and provision of the containers bind personnel.
  • Automated facilities are relatively complex and require a relatively large amount of space.
  • the space for the main components of the system may also be outside the actual workspace.
  • Disposal facilities with Wasserschwemmrinnen have the disadvantage that initially water is needed for transport, which at the end of the process again consuming must be removed from the waste.
  • such devices are also designed to be relatively open, so that easily odors may arise that can spread throughout the work environment.
  • collection containers must be housed in a refrigerated room usually.
  • a cost-effective and compact disposal device is to be provided, which can also be used in smaller facilities and which the production of biological material for biogas plants from leftovers in a simple, low-maintenance and cost-effective way.
  • the terms “having”, “having”, “including” or “including” or any grammatical variations thereof are used in a non-exclusive manner. Accordingly, these terms may refer to situations in which, in addition to the features introduced by these terms, there are no other features or to situations in which one or more other features are present.
  • the expression “A has B”, “A has B”, “A includes B” or “A includes B” can both refer to the situation in which, apart from B, there is no further element in A. (ie a situation in which A consists exclusively of B), as well as the situation in which, in addition to B, one or more further elements in A are present, for example element C, elements C and D or even further elements ,
  • the terms "at least one” and “one or more” and grammatical variations of these terms or similar terms, when used in conjunction with one or more elements or features, are intended to express that element or feature in a simple manner or may be provided more than once, as a rule be used only once, for example, at the first introduction of the feature or element. In a subsequent re-mention of the feature or element, the corresponding term “at least one” or “one or more” is generally no longer used, without limiting the possibility that the feature or element may be single or multiple.
  • a disposal apparatus for disposal of food debris is proposed.
  • leftover foodstuffs are generally understood to mean materials and objects which may arise during the preparation or administration of food and drinks and / or which may remain as residues after the ingestion of food or drinks.
  • the food particles may consist entirely of organic materials or at least comprise organic materials.
  • the food particles can basically be solid or pasty.
  • the disposal may comprise comminution, compaction or separation of the food particles.
  • the disposal as will be explained in more detail below, in particular comprise comminution.
  • a reduction in size of the food particles by appropriate processing, in particular mechanical processing.
  • food particles, in particular solid food particles may in practice have a volume of in some cases several cm 3 , for example more than 5 or more than 10 cm 3 .
  • this volume can be reduced to, for example, less than 2 cm 3 , in particular less than 1 cm 3 , so that, for example, only residual food remains after comminution, which are solid particles having a maximum size of 2 cm 3 , in particular 1 cm 3 , have.
  • other types of comminution are conceivable in principle.
  • the disposal device comprises at least one shredder.
  • a crushing device is a basically arbitrary device to understand, which is arranged to perform a crushing of the food particles according to the above definition.
  • the comminution device can be set up in order to comminute the food particles so that, after comminution, solid constituents of the food particles have a maximum size of 2 cm 3 , preferably a maximum of 1 cm 3 .
  • Such comminution requires in practice a facilitated removal and disposal of the so-shredded food particles, since, for example, such shredded food particles can be removed via pumps, hoses or pipes, in contrast to uncut, large food residues.
  • the crusher has at least one grinding chamber and at least one collecting space.
  • the grinding chamber is connected via one or more openings with the collecting space.
  • these openings may be arranged such that comminuted food particles can pass through the openings, for example breakthroughs in a grinding chamber wall, into the collecting space.
  • a grinding chamber is basically to be understood as meaning any space in which comminution, in particular grinding, of the food particles can take place.
  • Under a collecting space in the context of the present invention is basically to understand any space in which shredded food residues can be collected and / or cached.
  • the grinding chamber can have a volume of from 1 to 1000 l, in particular a volume of from 10 l to 100 l and particularly preferably a volume of from 20 l to 80 l, for example 40 l.
  • the plenum may, for example, likewise have a volume of from 1 to 1000 1, in particular a volume of 10 1 to 100 1 and more preferably a volume of 20 1 to 80 1, for example 40 1. It should be noted, however, that other dimensions are possible.
  • At least one crushing device is arranged with at least one impact tool for crushing the food particles.
  • a crushing device is basically any device to understand, which, as part of the crusher, the actual crushing process in the sense of the above definition of the term "crushing" can perform.
  • the comminution device may in particular comprise a grinder.
  • an impact tool for comminuting the food particles is basically an arbitrary tool which can break up the food particles by mechanical action, in particular by impacts.
  • the impact tool may comprise a plurality of impact elements which can be placed in a state of motion, for example rotation, and which then, when hitting the food particles, can transfer their kinetic energy partly to the food particles and so on can cause a comminution of the food particles.
  • At least one mixing device for generating a movement in the food residues is arranged in the grinding chamber.
  • a mixing device is therefore basically any device to understand, which is adapted to move the food particles in a movement and / or to mix.
  • the mixing device may be arranged to generate a continuous or discontinuous flow within the food particles, in particular within completely or partially comminuted food particles.
  • the mixing device as will be explained in more detail below, be wholly or partially set up as a flow device.
  • the disposal device comprises at least one impact tool and at least one mixing device. The mixing device and the impact tool are both arranged within the grinding chamber.
  • the impact tool and the mixing device are formed separately from each other, so that the mixing can take place independently of the comminution.
  • the impact tool and the mixing device can be driven for example by a drive or by a plurality of independent drives.
  • the movement of the mixing device can thus, directly or via a translation or reduction, be coupled to a movement of the comminution device, in particular of the impact tool, or can also be formed completely independently of the movement thereof.
  • the impact tool in particular a plurality of impact elements, also referred to as impact members have.
  • the impact tool may have at least a plurality of hingedly connected impact members.
  • the impact tool can have at least one chain.
  • the impact tool may in particular each have on one side connected to at least one drive axle chains.
  • the drive axle may in particular comprise one or more drive shafts. From the drive axle, the chains, during rotation, for example, extend radially outward.
  • the striking tool can have two chains arranged on opposite sides and connected to the drive axle.
  • the chains and / or the striking tools can also be connected in other ways to the drive axle, preferably in an arrangement which prevents an imbalance of the striking tool, by a corresponding balance of the centrifugal forces that occur.
  • the impact tool can, as stated above, in particular rotate about at least one drive axis.
  • the comminution device may have at least one drive axle and at least one drive, wherein a drive is basically to be understood as meaning any device which is set up to drive the drive axle, in particular to set it in rotation.
  • the drive may be configured to set the drive axle in a rotation of at least 500 to 2000 revolutions / min and more preferably in a rotation of 1000 revolutions / min.
  • the drive may in particular have at least one toothed belt drive and / or at least one V-belt drive. Alternatively or additionally, however, other types of drives are possible, such as toothed gear or the like.
  • the drive may in particular comprise a drive pulley arranged outside the grinding chamber, in particular a pulley, which can be connected to the drive axle.
  • the drive can furthermore comprise at least one drive motor arranged outside the grinding chamber, which is connected to the drive axle, for example via at least one transmission.
  • the drive motor can be connected to the drive axle via at least one toothed belt drive, at least one V-belt drive and / or at least one toothed gearing, in order to drive the drive axle.
  • the drive axle can in particular penetrate a grinding chamber wall of the grinding chamber.
  • at least one breakthrough may be provided at a passage point of the drive axle through a grinding chamber wall of the grinding chamber, for example a metal sheet which forms the grinding chamber wall at this point.
  • the breakthrough may for example be sealed by at least one seal.
  • the crushing device and the mixing device can, as stated above, in particular be driven by a common drive, for example by a common drive with the above-mentioned at least one drive motor outside the grinding chamber.
  • the drive may be such that a movement of the comminuting device is coupled to the movement of the mixing device and / or vice versa.
  • the drive can be done in the same ratio or with a reduction or translation.
  • the drive can take place in the same direction or in opposite directions.
  • the impact tool and the mixing device may, for example, be arranged axially spaced from one another on a drive axle, which is driven, for example, by the drive.
  • the mixing device may in particular, as stated above, be arranged to generate at least one flow in the food residues.
  • the mixing device may in particular have at least one wing, preferably at least two or at least three wings.
  • the mixing device may comprise at least one impeller.
  • the wings can in particular be rotatably mounted about a drive axis, for example the above-mentioned drive axle.
  • the mixing device may in particular be arranged to generate the movement in the food residues in a region of the openings, so that comminuted food particles can be guided by the movement to the openings and, for example, can pass through the openings into the collecting space.
  • a movement can always be generated in such a way that completely or partially comminuted food particles are brought into the region of the openings after the above-described comminution, for example in a region from which these comminuted food particles can pass through the openings.
  • the mixing device can also be set up be to generate a thrust and / or a suction within the food particles, so that the crushed food particles are guided by this thrust and / or suction to the openings.
  • the grinding chamber can in particular be subdivided into one or more subspaces.
  • the grinding chamber can be subdivided into at least one loading space and at least one fine space.
  • the loading space can in principle serve for receiving uncut food particles, so that, for example, uncrushed food particles can be introduced directly or indirectly into this feeding space.
  • the fine space can be set up, for example, to receive completely or partially shredded food particles.
  • the subdivision of the grinding chamber into the at least one feed space and the at least one fine space can take place such that uncut food particles, for example food particles above a maximum size or equivalent size, can not pass from the feed space into the fine space.
  • one or more separations may be provided, with one or more correspondingly dimensioned openings which at least largely prevent a passage of uncorrupted large food particles into the fine space.
  • the at least one above-mentioned opening, which connects the grinding chamber to the collecting space, in particular the plurality of openings, can be arranged in particular in the area of the fine space, so that the crushed food particles pass from the grinding space into the collecting space at least partially out of the fine space ,
  • one or more openings may also be arranged wholly or partly in the region of the loading space, since small or shredded food particles may already be present in the loading space, which may also enter the collecting space directly from the loading space.
  • the above-described comminution device in particular the abovementioned impact tool for comminuting the food particles, may in particular be arranged wholly or partly in the feed space, so that the comminution takes place wholly or partly within the feed space.
  • the comminution device can also be arranged wholly or partly between the feed space and the fine space.
  • the mixing device is preferably arranged wholly or partly in the fine space.
  • the above-described thorough mixing and / or generation of a movement in the food residues can in particular be wholly or partly carried out in the fine space.
  • a flow can be generated along the at least one opening by means of the mixing device.
  • the mixing device can also be arranged completely or partially or else additionally within the loading space.
  • the crusher may comprise at least one separation device which is arranged to separate the feed space and the fine space from each other.
  • the separating device can be set up to allow food residues of a predetermined maximum size, for example a predetermined maximum diameter or equivalent diameter, to pass through, so that only such food particles having the predetermined maximum size can pass from the loading space into the fine space.
  • the separating device may comprise at least one separating disk and / or at least one sieve, hereinafter also referred to as a separating sieve.
  • a separating disk is to be understood as meaning a disk which, with at least one further element, for example a wall of the grinding chamber, forms at least one gap and / or gap whose width limits, for example, a passage of comminuted food particles.
  • a gap width of a gap formed by the cutting disk and a wall of the grinding chamber can define a maximum size for food particles which can pass from the loading space into the fine space.
  • the cutting disc can be stored firmly or can also be movably mounted, for example, rotatably mounted.
  • other separation devices are basically possible.
  • the separating device may comprise at least one separating disc arranged between the impact tool and the mixing device, as defined above.
  • the impact tool, the mixing device and the separating device may be mounted on a common drive axle.
  • the separating device, in particular the cutting disc, between the impact tool and the mixing device, such as the impeller, be stored.
  • the loading space is set up such that uncut food particles can be introduced directly or indirectly into this loading space.
  • the feed space may have at least one feed opening via which the feed space can be fed with uncut food residues.
  • the fine space may in particular be arranged in such a way to the feed space that crushed food particles can be moved from the feed space into the fine space due to their gravitational force.
  • crushed food particles may slip from the loading space into the fine space due to their gravitational force, for example through the above-mentioned separating device.
  • the fine space may for example be arranged at least partially below the feed space.
  • the grinding chamber can have an axis, for example an axis of symmetry and in particular a cylinder axis, wherein the axis is inclined for example with respect to a horizontal by an angle. For example, this inclination may be 5 ° to 70 °, in particular 10 ° to 45 °.
  • the grinding chamber may in particular have a circular, polygonal or oval cross section.
  • the grinding chamber may have a cylindrical shape or a drum shape.
  • the grinding chamber can, as stated above, have the shape of an inclined cylinder or cylindrical section or the shape of an inclined drum, wherein the inclination is preferably designed, as stated above, such that shredded food particles fall from the charging space into the fine space due to their gravitational force and / or slip.
  • at least one inclined sliding surface may be provided in the grinding chamber.
  • a bottom of the grinding chamber with respect to a horizontal inclined by an angle, in particular by an angle of 5 ° to 70 °, preferably by an angle of 10 ° to 45 °.
  • the inclination of the ground relative to the horizontal can in turn ensure that shredded food particles can slip from the loading space into the fine space.
  • several inclinations are possible, so that, for example, the bottom of the grinding chamber can also be wholly or partially configured as a funnel and / or chute.
  • the grinding chamber has one or more openings, via which the grinding chamber is connected to the collecting space.
  • the grinding chamber can have at least one grinding chamber wall, wherein the one or more openings are arranged in the grinding chamber wall and allow a passage of comminuted food residues from the grinding chamber into the collecting space.
  • the openings can in particular form a sieve.
  • the grinding chamber wall can in particular be wholly or partly made of a metallic material, for example a steel sheet. Alternatively or additionally, however, other materials can also be used, for example plastic materials.
  • the one or more openings can in particular form at least one sieve.
  • the one or more openings may in particular have a diameter or equivalent diameter of 1 mm to 30 mm, preferably a diameter or equivalent diameter of 3 mm to 15 mm. Other dimensions are also possible.
  • the one or more openings may in particular have a round cross section. Alternatively or additionally, one or more of the openings may also have other cross sections, for example a polygonal cross section and / or an oval cross section.
  • the at least one grinding chamber may in particular have at least one door for carrying out maintenance work.
  • Under a door is generally understood to be at least one closable opening.
  • the door may have at least one closure device selected from a flap, a removable lid, a slider, a hood, or another type of closure device.
  • the at least one door can in particular have at least one seal, such as a circumferential rubber seal.
  • the seal can prevent, for example, that liquid food particles can escape from the grinding chamber to the outside.
  • the seal may also be arranged to prevent the escape of gases and / or odors from the grinding chamber.
  • the collecting space may have at least one door for performing maintenance.
  • door for performing maintenance.
  • the door may have at least one seal.
  • the door of the grinding chamber and the door of the collecting space may be formed as separate doors or may also be designed as a common door.
  • a common door can be provided which can be opened together for carrying out maintenance work in the grinding room and / or in the collecting space.
  • the collecting space may in particular have at least one opening for a manual emptying.
  • this can be provided at least one opening for manual emptying at the bottom of the plenum.
  • the at least one opening can be closed, for example, by at least one closure, for example at least one screw cap. Other types of closures can be used.
  • the disposal device may further comprise at least one pump for pumping out shredded food particles from the collecting space.
  • at least one opening may be provided in the collecting space and / or at least one nozzle in the collecting space, which is connected to a pump or can be connected to a pump.
  • at least one pump for pumping out the comminuted food particles from the collecting space may be part of the disposal device.
  • the disposal device may further comprise at least one level sensor for detecting at least one level of shredded food particles in the collection space.
  • at least one arbitrary level sensor can be used which can be based on one or more physical measuring principles for detecting the level of the comminuted food particles in the collecting space.
  • the level sensor may comprise at least one float switch.
  • the float switch can float on the food debris and be lifted with the leftovers.
  • the level sensor may generally be a digital level sensor or may also be configured to detect multiple levels, steplessly or in multiple stages.
  • the disposal device may further comprise at least one controller, which is set up to control the disposal device wholly or partly.
  • the controller can be set up to control at least the shredder of the disposal device.
  • the controller can also be set up to control, for example, the abovementioned pump for pumping shredded food residues out of the collecting space.
  • the controller may include at least one electronic controller and / or at least one data processing device configured to control one or more functions of the disposal device. Under a control is basically any means to understand, which is adapted to control one or more other devices of the disposal device.
  • the controller may include at least one data processing device configured to execute one or more program operations and / or configured to monitor one or more operations of the disposal device.
  • the controller may further include at least one user interface configured to allow input of information and / or commands by a user, and / or arranged to enable output of one or more information to the user.
  • the user interface may comprise at least one operating element, for example a control panel and / or a keyboard.
  • the user interface may include, for example, at least one display.
  • the controller may further comprise at least one electronic interface, for example at least one wired and / or at least one wireless interface.
  • information, data and / or commands can be transmitted to the controller via the at least one electronic interface and / or transmitted from the controller to another device, for example another computer.
  • the controller may be further configured to control and / or to monitor one or more further elements of the disposal device.
  • the at least one level sensor can transmit sensor data to the controller, for example wirelessly and / or by wire.
  • the controller may be configured to monitor a level in the plenum.
  • the controller may be configured, for example, to control and / or monitor a pumping out of shredded food particles from the collecting space.
  • this monitoring may, for example, include an output of corresponding information and / or warnings to a user of the disposal device. For example, a current level to a user via at least one display and / or at least another type of display device is transmitted. Alternatively or additionally, for example, one or more warning signals are output when a level exceeds a predetermined maximum level.
  • a floor of the plenum may be inclined toward a collection point and / or collection area.
  • the soil may also form a funnel in whole or in part.
  • the collection point or collection area in the bottom of the collection area may, for example, also be the point from which suction of the food particles can take place, for example by means of the at least one pump mentioned above for pumping out the comminuted food particles from the collecting space.
  • the at least one opening for manual emptying can also be arranged in this collection point or collection area.
  • the collecting space can at least partially surround the grinding space.
  • the disposal device may have a housing which forms the grinding chamber and the collecting space, wherein the collecting space at least partially surrounds the grinding space.
  • the collecting space can surround the grinding chamber in an annular manner, so that a gap is provided in the housing between the grinding space and the housing wall, which space forms the collecting space.
  • other embodiments are possible in principle.
  • the crusher can be arranged within a housing, in particular an outer housing, of the disposal device.
  • the crusher may have a crusher housing, which comprises the grinding chamber and the collecting space and which in turn is arranged within an outer housing of the disposal device.
  • This housing or outer housing may for example have at least one insertion opening for the input of food residues, wherein the insertion opening may be connected to the grinding chamber.
  • the insertion opening may comprise at least one insertion funnel.
  • the throw-in opening can be connected, for example, via at least one shaft and / or at least one piping system to the grinding chamber.
  • the insertion opening can be arranged in particular in a working surface of the housing, in particular in an upper working surface and particularly preferably in a flat working surface.
  • the insertion opening may be arranged in a cover plate of the housing.
  • the housing may further comprise a pedestal and / or another type of frame, which allows setting up the disposal device.
  • the disposal device can be provided in particular with a particularly small space, so that the disposal device can also be used in smaller kitchens.
  • the housing can have a maximum height of 1.5 m, preferably of not more than 1.0 m.
  • the disposal device can accordingly be designed as a table model or under-table model, so that it has at most the height of a conventional work surface.
  • any dimensions of the disposal device are possible.
  • the integration of the disposal device in one or more larger disposal systems is possible, for example in one or more of the above-mentioned disposal systems of the prior art.
  • the disposal device for example, as part of in EP 1 253 094 A1 described plant are used. Other applications are possible.
  • the housing of the disposal device so the outer housing, in turn, in turn, have at least one door.
  • the door may in particular be designed such that the shredder is accessible by opening the door.
  • the door may have at least one removable panel, for example a removable front panel.
  • the door can also be, for example, a door with a vertical hinge, for example a door arranged on a front side, which can be opened by means of the vertically oriented hinge.
  • other embodiments of the door are in principle possible.
  • a disposal system for disposal of food debris.
  • a disposal system is to be understood as a device composed of a plurality of fixedly or reversibly interconnected components which serves to dispose of leftovers.
  • the components of the disposal system may be arranged in spatial proximity to each other, for example within the same room, but may also be arranged remotely, for example at different locations and / or in different rooms.
  • the disposal system comprises at least one disposal device according to the present invention, for example according to one or more of the embodiments described above or described in more detail below.
  • the disposal system may include one disposal device, two disposal devices, or more than two disposal devices.
  • the disposal system includes at least one connected to the disposal device or connectable collecting container for receiving crushed food residues.
  • the collection container may also be referred to as a waste container.
  • a collecting container is in the context of the present invention, a basically arbitrary container to understand which is connected to the at least one disposal device or connectable, for example, via at least one temporarily installed or permanently installed pipe, and which is suitable for receiving food shredded in the disposal device.
  • the sump can be configured in the form of a barrel and / or a container.
  • the collecting container may have at least one receiving space for receiving the food residues, which is completely or partially surrounded by at least one container wall.
  • the container wall may for example be wholly or partly made of at least one metallic material and / or of at least one plastic material.
  • the collecting container may have at least one door and / or at least one closure, for example at least one lid and / or at least one sliding door.
  • the collecting container may furthermore comprise in particular at least one connection and / or at least one connection piece for a pipeline via which comminuted food particles from the at least one disposal device, in particular the at least one collecting space of the at least one disposal device, can be brought into the receiving space, for example by pumping ,
  • the collecting container may be installed in a stationary manner, for example at a central collecting point, for example in a yard or cellar, or may also be made movable or transportable.
  • the collecting container can be temporarily brought into the vicinity of the disposal device, temporarily connected to the disposal device, for example via at least one pipeline, in which case comminuted food particles are brought out of the disposal device, for example from the collecting space of the disposal device, into the collecting container, for example, by a pumping operation.
  • the disposal device as stated above, comprise at least one pump for pumping shredded food particles from the collecting space of the disposal device. This pump may be arranged to pump the shredded food particles from the collecting space of the disposal device into the collecting container.
  • At least one pump may be included in the disposal system, which is not part of the disposal device but which, for example, is wholly or partly part of the collection container and / or which is wholly or partly designed as a separate pump.
  • the disposal system for example, have at least one vacuum device, that is, a device which is adapted to generate a negative pressure and feed with this negative pressure shredded food particles from the collecting space of the disposal device to the collecting container.
  • the vacuum device may be part of the sump or connected to the sump.
  • the collecting container for example via at least one pipeline with the at least one collecting space of the at least one disposal device be connected or connectable. This pipe can be fixed or reversible installed or can also be mounted only temporarily.
  • the disposal system can be configured in various ways and is basically flexible to the respective requirements and circumstances customizable.
  • only a single disposal device may be provided, which may be installed, for example, fixed in the area of a kitchen and / or in a work area.
  • At regular or irregular intervals for example due to a level information supplied by the at least one level sensor in the collecting space of the disposal device, can be done automatically or by a user, emptying the plenum into the sump.
  • the collecting container can be mounted stationary and connected to the collecting space, for example via at least one pipeline, or the collecting container can be temporarily connected to the collecting space, for example by the collecting container is temporarily moved in the vicinity of the disposal device.
  • the disposal system can also be designed as a larger disposal system with a plurality of disposal devices that are permanently or temporarily connected to one or more collection containers, for example via a pipeline system comprising one or more pipelines.
  • a pipeline system comprising one or more pipelines.
  • larger kitchens can be supplied accordingly by the disposal systems are used as feed stations for food waste, with an implemented crushing and subsequent shipment to the at least one collecting container.
  • the disposal system can optionally have a system control, which can be designed centrally or decentrally.
  • the at least one optional controller of the above-mentioned at least one disposal device may be part of this system controller, for example, or may also be configured to communicate with the system controller, for example, to exchange information and / or commands unidirectionally or bidirectionally.
  • system control it is fundamentally possible to refer to the possibilities of the optional control of the disposal device.
  • the disposal device may further comprise at least one pump for pumping out shredded food particles from the collecting space.
  • at least one opening may be provided in the collecting space and / or at least one nozzle in the collecting space, which is connected to a pump or can be connected to a pump.
  • at least one pump for pumping out the comminuted food particles from the collecting space may be part of the disposal device.
  • a method of disposing of food debris comprises the steps described in more detail below, which can be carried out, for example, in the stated order. In principle, however, a different order is possible. Furthermore, one or more of the mentioned method steps can be performed overlapping in time, simultaneously or repeatedly.
  • the method comprises charging at least one shredder with the food particles.
  • the crusher has at least one grinding chamber and at least one collecting chamber, wherein the grinding chamber is connected to the collecting chamber via one or more openings, for example via one or more sieves.
  • the feeding of the grinding chamber with the food residues comprises a supply of the food particles to the grinding chamber.
  • the method further comprises at least one comminution of the food particles in the grinding chamber by means of at least one impact tool.
  • the method comprises at least one generation of a movement in the food residues by means of at least one mixing device in the grinding chamber. In this case, in particular by means of the movement in the food residues, which is produced by the mixing device in the grinding chamber, crushed food particles are discharged continuously or discontinuously from the grinding chamber into the collecting space.
  • the method may in particular be carried out using the disposal device according to the present invention, for example according to one or more of the embodiments described above and / or using one or more of the embodiments described in more detail below.
  • the method can be carried out in particular using the disposal system according to the present invention, for example according to one or more of the embodiments described above and / or using one or more of the embodiments described in more detail below. Accordingly, for possible embodiments of the method, reference may be made to the description of the disposal device and / or the disposal system. In principle, however, other embodiments are conceivable.
  • the proposed disposal apparatus and method for disposing of food debris has numerous advantages over known disposal apparatus and methods. It should be mentioned as an important advantage in particular that the space of the disposal device and / or a system comprising the disposal device can be kept very small. Accordingly, as stated above, the disposal device may also be used in smaller kitchens or smaller, smaller catering establishments be used. In particular, the disposal device can even be designed as a subtable model. A breakthrough in a separate room, for example, in a below the actual kitchen or facility basement room, is basically not required.
  • the disposal device can basically be configured as a closed system. As a result, they can be made hygienically safe and odorless. Leftovers can be converted directly into a pumpable ground mass at the point of occurrence, which can then be used without further treatment, for example in a biogas plant.
  • the disposal device according to the invention can be operated continuously or alternatively operate only discontinuously with a smaller amount of food residues.
  • the disposal device for example in a loading station of the disposal device, basically only a few components are required. As a result, as explained above, the disposal device can be made overall compact, robust and reliable. Furthermore, a low-cost construction is possible due to the small number of components.
  • All required components of the disposal device can also be integrated to save space in the disposal device, which may be wholly or partially configured as a loading station. Only a collecting container, which can accommodate, for example, the amounts of waste of one or more days, can be provided for example at a central location. This receptacle can be connected, for example via a piping system with the plenum, for example, the pump described above for pumping shredded food particles from the plenum can be used in the collection or waste container.
  • a single disposal device in the form of a single feeding station generally requires little space, for example, several such devices can be used in a kitchen.
  • a control technology connection of the individual disposal devices with each other is generally not required. It can, however Optionally, several of the described disposal devices to be interconnected to a disposal system.
  • small line cross sections can continue to be used.
  • the above-described pump and / or piping through which the shredded food particles can pump out of the plenum into a sump or waste container can be made very small.
  • line cross sections can be used with a maximum or even less than 75 mm diameter, preferably with a maximum diameter of 50 mm.
  • the collecting space can be connected to a nozzle, which has a cross-section of not more than 50 mm, for example, after DN 50 mm.
  • the disposal device is also suitable for smaller kitchens of the public catering. It is basically substructure and can be flexibly installed in the workplace, for example in a scullery and / or in a preparation zone. The leftovers can be crushed directly at the place of origin and then be promoted for example via a hose or a pipe in a collection tank.
  • the collection space can be connected via one or more pipes with a larger collection container, collection tank or waste container.
  • the above-described pump may be provided for the purpose of this transportation.
  • the disposal apparatus may include the above-described shredder, which may include a housing and a grinder. Through a shaft leftovers can be fed to the shredder. By means of a pump, the comminuted material can be pumped out of the comminutor, for example the collecting space. Furthermore, as stated above, a controller may be provided.
  • the actual grinding chamber may be provided, in which, for example, a grinder can rotate.
  • the housing of the crusher can be formed for example by a surrounding wall, also referred to above as Mahlraumwand.
  • Mahlraumwand a surrounding wall
  • an additional space can arise between the grinding chamber and the actual housing walls of the crusher, which can be used as a collecting space in the sense of the above description.
  • the wall of the grinding chamber can be at least partially broken so that liquids and / or particles below a certain size can pass from the grinding chamber into the intermediate space and / or the collecting space.
  • the entire grinder can be tilted backwards, as stated above, and installed in this way in the crusher.
  • the bottom of the grinding chamber with an inclination to the crushing device, in particular the grinder be carried out.
  • the bottom may also have openings and may be formed for example as part of the Mahlraumreheat or may be formed as a separate floor.
  • the floor can form a sieve and, for example, can be configured such that only sufficiently comminuted material below a certain particle size can reach the collecting space below the floor.
  • the comminution device in particular the grinder, can be equipped with at least one, preferably two or more, flexible impact elements, for example chains. These striking tools can be attached to a hub, for example.
  • the impact elements may in particular be arranged such that no imbalance occurs, so that overall the disposal device can operate very quiet and low-vibration.
  • the striking elements may preferably be made of a very durable material, such as a hardened steel. However, other embodiments of the impact elements are in principle possible.
  • At least one separating device can furthermore be provided in the grinding chamber.
  • this can be designed in a simple manner such that a cutting disc is inserted directly behind the comminuting device.
  • This cutting disc can be set up in a simple manner such that it forms a gap towards the grinding chamber wall, through which only sufficiently comminuted material can flow to the rear, into the fine space.
  • the cutting disc can also, alternatively or additionally, be provided with one or more openings and accordingly, for example, be wholly or partially formed as a screen disc.
  • This screen disk can also be connected to the drive axle, for example the hub, and can, for example, rotate with the comminution device.
  • the at least one separating device for example the at least one screen disk
  • the at least one separating device may also be installed in the grinding chamber in such a way that it stands still.
  • the at least one separating device for example the at least one screen disk
  • the separating device for example, the screen disc, for example, rotate at any speed with or against the direction of rotation of the crushing device.
  • the mixing device may be arranged, for example in a fine space.
  • a flow can be generated, for example during a rotation of the grinder, which takes place, for example, through the sieve disk and / or the separating device and / or which, in the case of a simple cutting disk, takes place behind the cutting disk, for example through the outer gap.
  • the mixing device may be generally configured in this or other embodiments to produce movement of the food particles from the feed space through the separator into the fine space. Due to the outflow of crushed material behind the separation device, uncrushed material can be conveyed to the comminution device, for example towards the striking mechanism. This can improve the effect of the crusher.
  • the mixing device can thus be designed in particular as a flow device.
  • This flow device can be created, for example, by a plurality of blades on a rear side of the separating device, for example the cutting disk.
  • the flow device may alternatively or additionally generally also have the shape of a propeller or other formations and does not have to be directly part of the cutting disc or connected to the cutting disc.
  • the space which forms behind the cutting disc can, as stated above, also be referred to as a fine space.
  • the fine space can in turn be connected via one or more openings, for example via one or more openings, with the collecting space.
  • This collecting space can be provided, for example, laterally and / or below the grinding chamber. Thus, sufficiently shredded material can collect in this collecting space through the one or more openings.
  • the above-described elements of the impact tool and the mixing device as well as optionally the separation device can be arranged in particular on a common drive axle, for example a common shaft. This allows the structure to be very simple and inexpensive.
  • the grinder in particular the impact tool, or at least the mixing device, which can be configured as a flow device, can be driven in the same direction of rotation or can also be driven in a reversing direction of rotation. In particular, the latter can lead to possible blockages occurring in the separating device, for example the screen disk and / or cutting disk, being able to be eliminated.
  • the comminution device for example the grinder, can in particular be driven by at least one electric motor.
  • at least one electric motor with at least one reduction gear in the form of at least one belt drive for example at least one V-belt drive, can be used.
  • the comminution device can thus have, in particular, at least one drive or at least one transmission, for example with at least one belt drive, in particular for driving the grinder.
  • the disposal device and the method for disposal can be total make the leftovers very quiet. Furthermore, in this way, especially when using a belt such as a V-belt, an overload protection can be ensured.
  • Other embodiments of the transmission are basically also conceivable, for example, a flat belt transmission, a V-ribbed belt transmission, a toothed belt transmission, a Schubgliedergetriebe, a gear transmission. Combinations of these drives or transmissions are conceivable in principle.
  • the rated speed of the comminution device for example the grinder, may be, for example, 1000 revolutions / min. As stated above, however, other speeds can be used.
  • At least one level sensor and / or another type of level detection device can be arranged in the collecting space, that is, for example, in the housing of the crusher outside the grinding space and / or in a space between a grinding space wall and a housing of the crusher.
  • the at least one level sensor for example, a fill level in the collecting space can be detected.
  • at least one float switch can be used.
  • At least one pump can be connected to the collecting space with which shredded and / or pasty food residues from the disposal device, which can also be designed as a feeding station, can be pumped out.
  • the pump can basically be designed in any way.
  • the pump may have at least one impeller pump.
  • other types of pumps are basically used, such as peristaltic pumps or eccentric screw pumps.
  • the shredder can, for example, be mounted oscillating within a housing of the disposal device, ie within an outer housing. This results in particular in a reduction of the noise and / or a reduction of vibrations in the working environment. In this way, the disposal device can be easily and conveniently integrated into a work environment without disturbing noises.
  • the entire structure of the disposal device in particular the loading station, can continue to be designed so that all components, especially in the case of maintenance, are easily accessible.
  • the crusher may have a housing which has the above-mentioned at least one door, so that, for example, unhindered access to the interior is possible.
  • the above-mentioned optional pump can be configured and installed so that, if necessary, maintenance is easy to do.
  • the pump can be easily accessible by removing front or rear panels or side panels of an external housing of the disposal device.
  • At least one opening can be located at the bottom of the collecting space, through which the collecting space can also be emptied manually, for example.
  • the throw-in can be rinsed out, for example, with water and / or a disinfectant.
  • the insertion opening can also be designed closable.
  • the disposal device may comprise at least one closure device for closing the insertion opening.
  • the closure device may have at least one firmly or reversibly lockable plug.
  • other closure devices can be used, for example flaps, slides or other types of closure devices.
  • the disposal device which may be designed as a loading station, in particular be part of a disposal system comprising the at least one disposal device.
  • the disposal system as also described above, comprise at least one collecting container, which is firmly or reversibly connected to the at least one collecting space.
  • the disposal system may comprise at least one piping system which connects the collecting container with the at least one collecting space.
  • the above-described at least one pump may be provided to pump shredded food particles from the collecting space regularly or at irregular intervals or as needed from the collecting space into the collecting container.
  • the disposal device may be arranged, for example, as a feeding station at the place of origin of the food particles, whereas the collecting container may be arranged, for example, in another location of the building, for example in a basement room and / or a courtyard.
  • the proposed disposal device has in particular also compared to the above-mentioned prior art, considerable advantages. That's how it describes DE 295 14 167 U1 among other things, not the feature of a division into a grinding chamber and a collecting space, wherein in the grinding chamber, a mixing device is arranged, which is adapted to generate a movement in the local food residues. By this difference, in particular the space of the disposal device can be significantly reduced. Furthermore, the efficiency of comminution can be significantly increased while reducing the use of water. In DE 295 14 167 U1 Instead, rigid deflectors are provided, which act as baffles and therefore additionally always require an existing movement of the food particles, which is deflected by the deflector. Accordingly, the required in DE 295 14 167 U1 described construction always also an additional supply of significant amounts of water, which can be avoided in the proposed disposal device.
  • FIGS. 1 to 4 is, in various views and representations, a possible embodiment of a disposal device 110 according to the invention for the disposal of food debris shown.
  • the disposal device 110 may also be referred to as a loading station or configured as a loading station and / or used. It shows FIG. 1 a perspective view of the disposal device 110, FIG. 2 shows a sectional view through the disposal device 110 in a cross section, taken along a section line AA in FIG. 3, FIG. 3 shows a front view of the disposal device 110, with the front panel removed, and FIG. 4 shows a plan view of the disposal device 110 with the top cover removed.
  • the disposal device 110 may further, as in FIG. 4 indicated schematically, be part of a disposal system described in more detail below.
  • the disposal device 110 in the embodiment illustrated in the figures initially preferably comprises an outer housing 112, which is preferably designed in several parts.
  • the outer housing comprises, for example a front panel 114, side panels 116, an upper cover 118 (also referred to as a work surface) and optionally a frame 120.
  • the outer housing 112, as seen in Figure 2 have a rear panel 122.
  • the panels 114, 116 and 122 and the top cover 118 may each be fixedly mounted, but may also be designed individually removable.
  • the front panel 114 can be made removable, so that by removing the front panel access to the components in the interior of the outer housing 114 is possible.
  • a crusher 124 is received inside the housing.
  • This crusher 124 may be mounted, for example, in the interior of the housing 112 by a corresponding, not shown in the figures suspension, which causes, for example, a vibration damping.
  • the crusher 124 includes a crusher housing 126 and is divided into a grinding chamber 128 and a collecting space 130.
  • the grinding chamber 128, such as in FIG. 3 can be seen, completely or partially surrounded by the plenum 130.
  • the grinding chamber 128 is formed by at least one grinding chamber wall 132, which forms a grinding chamber housing 134 as part of the comminuting housing 126.
  • the collecting space 130 is essentially formed by at least one collecting chamber wall 136, which forms a collecting space housing 138.
  • the grinding chamber 128 and the collecting space 130 may be open towards the front, to the front panel 114, and through a common door 140, which in particular in the Figures 2 and 4 recognizable, be closed.
  • the door 140 may in particular have a seal 142.
  • the crusher 124 further has within the grinding chamber 128 at least one crushing device 144, which may also be referred to as a grinder.
  • the comminuting device 144 comprises at least one striking tool 146, in particular a striking tool 146 with a plurality of hingedly connected striking members 148.
  • the at least one striking tool 146 may comprise one or more chains 150.
  • the comminution device 144 can be configured in particular as a chain grinder.
  • the impact tool 146 is connected in the illustrated embodiment via at least one hub 152 with at least one drive axle 154, which may also be referred to as a drive shaft.
  • This drive axle 154 is mounted on a rear side of the grinding chamber housing 134, as in FIG. 2 recognizable, brought out of the grinding chamber 128, for example via a shaft seal 156 or via another type of implementation.
  • At least one mixing device 158 is furthermore arranged.
  • This mixing device 158 may for example comprise a plurality of blades 160 and / or a propeller.
  • the wings 160 may be directly or indirectly connected to the drive axle 158.
  • the wings 160 are connected to the drive axle 154 via a divider disk 162, which is part of a separator 164.
  • the blades 160 may be arranged on a side of the cutting disk 162 facing away from the comminution device 144, such that the cutting disk 162 is located between the impact tool 146 and the mixing device 158.
  • the wings 160 could also be directly connected to the drive axle 154 or completely separate from the comminution device 144.
  • the mixing device 158 is generally configured to effect movement within the food debris received in the grinding chamber 128, for example, a flow.
  • the separation chamber 164 subdivides the grinding chamber 128 into a loading space 166 and a fine space 168.
  • the loading space 166 is arranged via a loading opening 170 arranged in the upper cover 118, which can also be referred to as a throw-in opening 172, and a shaft 174 which, for example, completely or partially funnel-shaped, can be loaded with food residues.
  • the shaft 174 may, for example, open into an opening 176 at the upper end of the grinding chamber 128.
  • the comminuting device 144 is driven via the drive axle 154 by at least one drive 178.
  • the drive 178 may comprise, for example, a drive motor 180, and for example a V-belt drive with at least one V-belt 182.
  • the V-belt 182 may, for example, drive a drive pulley 184, which is connected to the drive axle 154.
  • the grinding chamber 128 may in particular be designed such that food particles slip during or after the comminution of the feed space 166 by their own weight and / or by a generated by means of the mixing device 158 movement or flow in the fine space 168.
  • a bottom 186 of the grinding chamber 128 may be inclined so that the food particles can slip from the loading space 166 into the fine space 168.
  • the bottom 168 may have an inclination angle ⁇ with respect to a horizontal, which, for example, may be 10 ° to 45 ° in this embodiment, for example 30 °.
  • the grinding chamber 128 may be configured substantially cylindrical, with a cylinder axis 188, which is also inclined for example by the angle ⁇ relative to a horizontal.
  • the grinding chamber 128 is connected in the illustrated embodiment via a plurality of openings 190 in the grinding chamber wall 132 with the collecting space 130.
  • the grinding chamber wall 132 may be wholly or partially formed as a sieve. In this way, shredded food particles having a maximum diameter and / or equivalent diameter, which may be predetermined by the openings 190, can pass from the grinding chamber 128 into the collecting space 130.
  • At least one opening 196 may be provided for manual emptying, for example in the collecting area 194. This can be closed, for example, with at least one closure 198, for example with a screw cap.
  • the disposal device 110 may have at least one pump 200 for pumping out comminuted food particles from the collecting space 130.
  • This pump 200 which in particular in the Figures 3 and 4 can be seen, for example, via at least one suction nozzle 202, which preferably in turn flows into the collecting area 194, suck in food particles from the plenum 130 and this example via a pipe 204 a in FIG. 4 supply indicated collection container 205 or waste container.
  • This collection container 205 or waste container may be temporarily or permanently connected to the disposal device 110, for example.
  • this collecting container 205 together with the at least one disposal device 110, form a disposal system 207, as likewise in FIG FIG. 4 indicated.
  • the disposal device 110 has at least one level sensor 206, in particular at least one float switch 208.
  • this level sensor 206 can monitor a filling level within the collecting space 130 and, for example, transmit corresponding fill level information to a controller 210 of the disposal device 110.
  • This controller 210 which may be provided independently of the level sensor 206, may for example be arranged in the front panel 214 and / or may comprise at least one control element 212 accessible from the front panel 114.
  • the controller 210 can be set up to control the comminution device 144, for example via a corresponding activation of the drive motor 180.
  • the controller 210 can be configured, for example, to monitor the fill level in the collection space 130 and / or to pump out the food remnants by means of the pump 200 from the plenum 130 to control.
  • the drive axle 154 drives the comminution device 144.
  • the impact members 148 of the impact tool 146 are preferably arranged such that no unbalance occurs during the rotation.
  • the impact members 148, also as impact elements are preferably made of a very durable material, such as hardened steel.
  • the separator 164 allows passage of the shredded food particles from the loading space 166 into the fine space 168. For example, this passage may be via a circumferential gap 214 between the separator disk 162 and the grinding chamber wall 132 through which sufficient shredded material may flow into the fine space 168.
  • the cutting disc 162 may also be provided with one or more apertures and, for example, form a screen disc.
  • This screen disk may for example also be connected to the hub 152 and / or the drive axle 154 and thus rotate with the grinder.
  • the screen disk can also be arranged in the grinding chamber 128 so that it stands still during the operation of the comminuting device 144.
  • the cutting disc 162, for example, the screen disc also be installed so that it is freely rotatable, has its own drive and thereby rotate with an arbitrary speed, for example, or against the direction of rotation of the crushing device 144.
  • the mixing device 158 is provided. With the aid of this mixing device 158, upon rotation of the comminution device 144, for example, a flow can be generated which can cause a discharge of comminuted material into the fine space 168 through the separating device 164 (for example the screen disk and / or the gap 214). As a result, for example, comminuted grinding stock can be conveyed to the comminution device, which can improve the action of the comminution device 144.
  • the mixing device 158 which may also be referred to as a flow device, may for example be provided by a plurality of vanes on the rear side of the cutting disk 162, as stated above. However, it may also have the shape of a propeller or another embodiment and, in principle, does not have to be directly part of the cutting disk 162 or be connected to the cutting disk.
  • the grinding chamber 128 and there in particular the fine space 168 via the plurality of openings 190 which may be configured, for example, as openings, connected to the plenum 130.
  • the collecting space 130 may, for example, be located laterally and / or below the grinding chamber 128 and may be formed, for example, as a gap between the grinding chamber 128 and the outer housing 112. Furthermore, the collecting space 130 can completely or partially surround the grinding space. In the collecting space 130, crushed material can accumulate.
  • the elements of the comminuting device 144 and the mixing device 158 are, as stated above, on at least one common drive axle 154, for example, a shaft arranged.
  • the structure of the disposal device 110 can be significantly simplified and made cost-effective.
  • the grinder of the comminution device 144 and the mixing device 158 can be driven in the same direction of rotation or in different directions of rotation. Operation with a regular or demand-controlled reversing direction of rotation may also be possible. By the latter embodiment, in particular blockages in the gap 114 and / or in the screen disc can be eliminated.
  • the drive motor 180 may, for example, be wholly or partially designed as an electric motor.
  • the drive 178 may, for example, a reduction gear in the form of V-belt drive with the V-belt 182 and the drive pulley 184 have. This basically results in lower noise and overload protection.
  • the rated speed of the comminution device 144 that is to say the grinder, can be, for example, 1000 revolutions / min.
  • the pump 200 shown above may be configured, for example, as an impeller pump. Alternatively or additionally, however, one or more other types of pumps may be used, for example peristaltic pumps and / or progressing cavity pumps.
  • the entire shredder 124 may be suspended swinging in the basic structure of the disposal device 110.
  • the entire construction of the disposal device 110 can be carried out such that all components, for example in the case of maintenance, are easily accessible. This is realized, for example, by the at least one door 140 described above and / or by the partially removable panels 114, 116 and 122. As a result, a light and unhindered access to the interior of the disposal device 110 is possible.
  • the pump 200 may for example be constructed and incorporated so that, if necessary, maintenance is easy to perform.
  • the disposal device 110 may in particular have a feed opening 170.
  • the feed openings 170 and / or the shaft 174 may be regularly rinsed with clear water and / or other cleaning fluids.
  • the feed opening 170 can be closed, for example by means of a closure, for example by means of at least one lockable plug, which is not shown in the figures.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
EP15716053.2A 2014-04-17 2015-04-15 Entsorgungsvorrichtung, entsorgungssystem und verfahren zur entsorgung von speiseresten Active EP3131679B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014207411.8A DE102014207411A1 (de) 2014-04-17 2014-04-17 Entsorgungsvorrichtung, Entsorgungssystem und Verfahren zur Entsorgung von Speiseresten
PCT/EP2015/058120 WO2015158746A1 (de) 2014-04-17 2015-04-15 Entsorgungsvorrichtung, entsorgungssystem und verfahren zur entsorgung von speiseresten

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3131679A1 EP3131679A1 (de) 2017-02-22
EP3131679B1 true EP3131679B1 (de) 2018-04-04

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US (1) US10710091B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP3131679B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN106660051B (zh)
DE (1) DE102014207411A1 (zh)
SG (1) SG11201608623SA (zh)
WO (1) WO2015158746A1 (zh)

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US10669727B2 (en) * 2015-09-16 2020-06-02 Owens Corning Intellectual Capital, Llc Loosefill insulation blowing machine
DE102017125154A1 (de) * 2017-06-21 2018-12-27 Avermann Laser- und Kant-Zentrum GmbH Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung für Speise- und Lebensmittelabfälle, insbesondere im gastronomischen Bereich
CN107670760B (zh) * 2017-09-18 2018-07-24 化州市华逸中药饮片有限公司中药饮片厂 一种药材利用率高的药材粉碎装置
CN114768946B (zh) * 2022-06-20 2022-09-06 湖南省天味食品配料有限公司 一种鸡精生产用的封装装置

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Publication number Publication date
WO2015158746A1 (de) 2015-10-22
SG11201608623SA (en) 2016-11-29
DE102014207411A1 (de) 2015-11-05
US10710091B2 (en) 2020-07-14
CN106660051A (zh) 2017-05-10
US20170028405A1 (en) 2017-02-02
EP3131679A1 (de) 2017-02-22
CN106660051B (zh) 2019-07-09

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