EP3128263B1 - Échangeur thermique et climatiseur - Google Patents

Échangeur thermique et climatiseur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3128263B1
EP3128263B1 EP15757924.4A EP15757924A EP3128263B1 EP 3128263 B1 EP3128263 B1 EP 3128263B1 EP 15757924 A EP15757924 A EP 15757924A EP 3128263 B1 EP3128263 B1 EP 3128263B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pipes
primary
heat exchange
pipe
refrigerant
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Application number
EP15757924.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3128263A4 (fr
EP3128263A1 (fr
Inventor
Akira Ishibashi
Shinya Higashiiue
Daisuke Ito
Shigeyoshi MATSUI
Shin Nakamura
Yuki UGAJIN
Takashi Okazaki
Atsushi Mochizuki
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Publication of EP3128263A4 publication Critical patent/EP3128263A4/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
    • F25B39/04—Condensers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
    • F25B39/02—Evaporators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/0408—Multi-circuit heat exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat exchangers for more than two fluids
    • F28D1/0461—Combination of different types of heat exchanger, e.g. radiator combined with tube-and-shell heat exchanger; Arrangement of conduits for heat exchange between at least two media and for heat exchange between at least one medium and the large body of fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/047—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
    • F28D1/0475—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag the conduits having a single U-bend
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/047—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
    • F28D1/0477—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag the conduits being bent in a serpentine or zig-zag
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/24—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely
    • F28F1/32—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely the means having portions engaging further tubular elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2215/00—Fins
    • F28F2215/02—Arrangements of fins common to different heat exchange sections, the fins being in contact with different heat exchange media
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2250/00—Arrangements for modifying the flow of the heat exchange media, e.g. flow guiding means; Particular flow patterns
    • F28F2250/10—Particular pattern of flow of the heat exchange media
    • F28F2250/102—Particular pattern of flow of the heat exchange media with change of flow direction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2250/00—Arrangements for modifying the flow of the heat exchange media, e.g. flow guiding means; Particular flow patterns
    • F28F2250/10—Particular pattern of flow of the heat exchange media
    • F28F2250/108—Particular pattern of flow of the heat exchange media with combined cross flow and parallel flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/26—Arrangements for connecting different sections of heat-exchange elements, e.g. of radiators
    • F28F9/262—Arrangements for connecting different sections of heat-exchange elements, e.g. of radiators for radiators

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heat exchanger and an air-conditioning apparatus including the heat exchanger.
  • a finned tube heat exchanger is presented as a heat exchanger for use in an air-conditioning apparatus or another related apparatus.
  • tubes through which refrigerant flows are inserted into plate-shaped fins spaced apart from one another.
  • Patent Literature 1 discloses a heat exchanger in which a first header collecting pipe is connected to one end of each of flat pipes, a second header collecting pipe is connected to the other end of each of the flat pipes, and fins are provided between the first header collecting pipe and the second header collecting pipe.
  • the heat exchanger in Patent Literature 1 is separated into an upper heat exchange region and a lower heat exchange region, and the upper heat exchange region and the lower heat exchange region are separated in the direction of gravity.
  • the conventional technique aims to improve heat exchange efficiency by reducing heat loss due to heat exchange between gas state refrigerant and saturated liquid state refrigerant.
  • Patent Literature 2 discloses a heat exchanger separated into an upper heat exchange region (main heat exchange portion) and a lower heat exchange region (auxiliary heat exchange portion). Patent Literature 2 aims to improve the condensing capacity and evaporating capacity of the heat exchanger by optimizing the degree of subcooling of refrigerant and the heating surface area of a flat pipe.
  • EP 1 031 801 A2 discloses a heat exchanger comprising a primary and a secondary heat exchange portion for evaporating or condensing refrigerant in a reversible heat pump cycle. Both portions of this heat exchanger comprise fins, which are adapted to be provided parallel to the direction of an air stream.
  • the present invention provides a heat exchange system in which heat exchange performance can be improved and an air-conditioning apparatus including the heat exchange system.
  • a heat exchange system according to an embodiment of the present invention is set forth in claim 1.
  • the primary-pipe connecting component and the secondary-pipe connecting component extend in the directions parallel to the direction in which air is sent.
  • the heat exchanger acts as either a condenser or an evaporator
  • a direction in which the refrigerant flows through the primary-pipe connecting component or the secondary-pipe connecting component is opposite to the direction in which air is sent. Consequently, heat exchange performance can be improved.
  • Fig. 1 is a front view of a heat exchanger 1 according to Embodiment 1. The following describes the heat exchanger 1 with reference to Fig. 1 .
  • the heat exchanger 1 includes a fin portion 10, primary pipes 20, hairpin pipes 23, a header 30, secondary pipes 40, and connecting components (secondary-pipe connecting components) 50.
  • plate-shaped fins 11 are spaced apart from one another in a direction (arrow X direction) perpendicular to a direction in which a heat medium such as air sent from a fan flows.
  • the upper portion in the direction of gravity (arrow Z direction) of the fin portion 10 is a primary heat exchange portion 12 that exchanges heat between air and refrigerant.
  • the lower portion in the direction of gravity (arrow Z direction) of the fin portion 10 is a secondary heat exchange portion 13.
  • a part of the fin portion 10 occupied by the secondary heat exchange portion 13 is smaller than a part of the fin portion 10 occupied by the primary heat exchange portion 12. That is, the heat exchange area of the secondary heat exchange portion 13 is smaller than that of the primary heat exchange portion 12.
  • the fin portion 10 includes the primary heat exchange portion 12 and the secondary heat exchange portion 13.
  • the plate-shaped fins 11 are shared between the primary heat exchange portion 12 and the secondary heat exchange portion 13.
  • the flow paths of installed heat transfer pipes that is, the flow path of the primary pipes 20 and the flow path of the secondary pipes 40 are different.
  • the plate-shaped fins 11 may include primary fins that are provided at the primary heat exchange portion 12 and into which the primary pipes 20 are inserted and secondary fins that are provided at the secondary heat exchange portion 13 and into which the secondary pipes 40 are inserted.
  • the primary fins are arranged in two rows and parallel to the direction in which air flows.
  • the secondary fins are arranged in two rows and parallel to the direction in which air flows.
  • the primary fin provided on the leeward side is a first primary fin
  • the primary fin provided on the windward side is a second primary fin.
  • the secondary fin provided on the leeward side is a first secondary fin
  • the secondary fin provided on the windward side is a second secondary fin.
  • the primary fins and the secondary fins may be arranged in more than two rows.
  • the primary pipes 20 include first primary pipes 21 each having one end and the other end inserted into the first primary fins and second primary pipes 22 each having one end and the other end inserted into the second primary fins.
  • the first primary pipes 21 and the second primary pipes 22 are spaced apart from one another in the direction (arrow Z direction) parallel to the direction of gravity. In Embodiment 1, the number of the first primary pipes 21 is 16, and the number of the second primary pipes 22 is 16.
  • the first primary fins and the first primary pipes 21 are provided on the leeward side, and the second primary fins and the second primary pipes 22 are provided on the windward side.
  • the hairpin pipes 23 are provided at the other end of the fin portion 10 (on the X 1 side of the arrow X direction).
  • the hairpin pipes 23 connect the other end of each of adjacent ones of the first primary pipes 21, and connect the other end of each of adjacent ones of the second primary pipes 22.
  • the first primary pipes 21, the second primary pipes 22, and the hairpin pipes 23 are flat pipes having flattened cross sections, for example.
  • Fig. 2 is a side view of the heat exchanger 1 according to Embodiment 1.
  • the header 30 includes a liquid-side header 31 and a gas-side header 32.
  • the heat exchanger 1 acts as a condenser
  • refrigerant flows from the gas-side header 32 toward the liquid-side header 31.
  • the heat exchanger 1 acts as an evaporator
  • the refrigerant flows from the liquid-side header 31 toward the gas-side header 32.
  • the liquid-side header 31 is provided at the one end of the fin portion 10 (on the X 2 side of the arrow X direction in Fig. 1 ), and connects the one end of each of the first primary pipes 21 and the other end of a liquid pipe 60 having one end and the other end. Refrigerant in a substantially saturated liquid state flows through the liquid-side header 31.
  • the liquid-side header 31 is divided at the center of the liquid-side header 31 in the direction of gravity (arrow Z direction).
  • the liquid-side header 31 includes an upper header 31a serving as the upper portion of the liquid-side header 31 and a lower header 31b serving as the lower portion of the liquid-side header 31.
  • Eight pipes of the first primary pipes 21 are connected to the upper header 31a, and the other eight pipes of the first primary pipes 21 are connected to the lower header 31b. That is, the refrigerant does not flow between the upper header 31a and the lower header 31b.
  • the one end of the liquid pipe 60 is connected to the secondary heat exchange portion 13.
  • the liquid pipe 60 includes an upper capillary pipe 61, a lower capillary pipe 62, a distributor 63, and a junction pipe 64.
  • the upper capillary pipe 61 extends from the upper header 31a, and the lower capillary pipe 62 extends from the lower header 31b.
  • the upper capillary pipe 61 and the lower capillary pipe 62 join at the distributor 63.
  • the junction pipe 64 connects the distributor 63 and the secondary heat exchange portion 13.
  • the gas-side header 32 is connected to the one end of each of the second primary pipes 22, and is provided at the one end of the fin portion 10 (on the X 2 side of the arrow X direction in Fig. 1 ). That is, the gas-side header 32 and the liquid-side header 31 are adjacent in the direction (arrow Y direction) parallel to the direction in which air flows. Refrigerant in a substantially gas state flows through the gas-side header 32.
  • Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the side of the heat exchanger 1 according to Embodiment 1.
  • the second primary pipe 22 extends from the gas-side header 32, curves upward in the direction of gravity (in the Zi direction) at the hairpin pipe 23 at the other end of the fin portion 10, is connected to a U bend pipe 24 provided in a direction (arrow Y direction) parallel to the direction in which air flows, via a joint 44, is again connected to the hairpin pipe 23, and is connected to the first primary pipe 21 extending up to the liquid-side header 31.
  • the U bend pipe 24 extends in a direction parallel to the direction in which the heat medium flows, and connects the other end of the first primary pipe 21 to the other end of the second primary pipe 22 at the other end of the fin portion 10.
  • the U bend pipe 24 corresponds to the primary-pipe connecting component of the present invention.
  • the primary-pipe connecting component is not limited to the U bend pipe 24 having a U shape, but may be a curved rectangular pipe.
  • the second primary pipe 22 adjacent to the second primary pipe 22 described above extends from the gas-side header 32, curves downward in the direction of gravity (in the arrow Z 2 direction) at the hairpin pipe 23 at the other end of the fin portion 10, is connected to the U bend pipe 24 provided in the direction (arrow Y direction) parallel to the direction in which air flows, is again connected to the hairpin pipe 23, and is connected to the first primary pipe 21 extending up to the liquid-side header 31.
  • the second primary pipes 22 are adjacent to each other in the vicinity of the gas-side header 32, that is, at a portion in which the refrigerant is in a superheated state.
  • the first primary pipes 21 are adjacent to each other in the vicinity of the liquid-side header 31, that is, at a portion in which the refrigerant is in a saturated liquid state.
  • the secondary pipes 40 through which the refrigerant flows, penetrate the plate-shaped fins 11 at the secondary heat exchange portion 13 in the arrangement direction (arrow X direction).
  • the secondary pipes 40 include first secondary pipes 41 inserted into the first secondary fins and second secondary pipes 42 inserted into the second secondary fins. Note that, in the direction in which the fan sends air, the first secondary fins and the first secondary pipes 41 are provided on the leeward side, and the second secondary fins and the second secondary pipes 42 are provided on the windward side.
  • one end of the first secondary pipe 41 is connected to the one end of the liquid pipe 60, and four first secondary pipes 41 are spaced apart from one another in the direction (arrow Z direction) parallel to the direction of gravity.
  • the upper two pipes of the four first secondary pipes 41 are connected to two ends of a branch pipe such as a three-way pipe 43.
  • One end of the junction pipe 64 of the liquid pipe 60 is connected to the other end of the three-way pipe 43.
  • the lower two pipes of the four first secondary pipes 41 are connected to two ends of a branch pipe such as the three-way pipe 43.
  • Another end of the junction pipe 64 of the liquid pipe 60 is connected to the other end of the three-way pipe 43.
  • the junction pipe 64 connects the distributor 63 and the secondary heat exchange portion 13 to one another, and is divided into two paths on the side where the secondary heat exchange portion 13 is provided.
  • the divided paths are each connected to one end of a different one of the three-way pipes 43.
  • the one end of each of the first secondary pipes 41 is below the liquid-side header 31.
  • the first secondary pipes 41 are, for example, flat pipes having flattened cross sections.
  • the three-way pipes 43 are circular pipes having circular cross sections.
  • One end of the second secondary pipe 42 serves as the inlet or outlet of the refrigerant, and four second secondary pipes 42 are spaced apart from one another in the direction (arrow Z direction) parallel to the direction of gravity.
  • the upper two pipes of the four second secondary pipes 42 are connected to two ends of a branch pipe such as the three-way pipe 43.
  • One end of a liquid inlet-outlet pipe 70 serving as the inlet or outlet of the refrigerant is connected to the other end of the three-way pipe 43.
  • the lower two pipes of the four second secondary pipes 42 are connected to two ends of a branch pipe such as the three-way pipe 43.
  • Another end of the liquid inlet-outlet pipe 70 is connected to the other end of the three-way pipe 43.
  • liquid inlet-outlet pipe 70 is divided into two paths at the other ends of the three-way pipes 43 and the two paths join later.
  • the one end of each of the second secondary pipes 42 is below the gas-side header 32.
  • the second secondary pipes 42 are, for example, flat pipes having flattened cross sections.
  • the three-way pipes 43 are circular pipes having circular cross sections.
  • the second secondary pipe 42 and the three-way pipe 43 are joined by the joint 44 whose one end is flat and whose other end is circular.
  • first secondary pipes 41 are provided on the leeward side, and the second secondary pipes 42 are provided on the windward side.
  • first secondary pipe 41 and the second secondary pipe 42 adjacent to each other are not horizontal in the direction in which air flows (arrow Y direction) and are at different positions in the direction of gravity (arrow Z direction).
  • Fig. 4 is another side view of the heat exchanger 1 according to Embodiment 1.
  • the connecting component 50 extends in the direction (arrow Y direction) parallel to the direction in which air flows, and connects the other end of the first secondary pipe 41 and the other end of the second secondary pipe 42 at the other end of the fin portion 10.
  • Fig. 7 is a top view of the secondary heat exchange portion 13 according to Embodiment 1.
  • the connecting component 50 connects the first secondary pipe 41 and the second secondary pipe 42 in top view. Note that, as described above, the first secondary pipe 41 and the second secondary pipe 42 adjacent to each other are not horizontal in the direction in which air flows (arrow Y direction) and are at different positions in the direction of gravity (arrow Z direction).
  • the connecting component 50 is inclined by an amount corresponding to a difference in the positions of the first secondary pipe 41 and the second secondary pipe 42 in the direction of gravity (arrow Z direction).
  • Fig. 8 is a side view of the secondary heat exchange portion 13 according to Embodiment 1.
  • a pipe connecting adjacent pipes such as the connecting component 50 is not used in a longitudinal direction that is the direction of gravity (arrow Z direction).
  • a pipe extending from one column to another column such as the connecting component 50 is used only in a row direction that is a direction (arrow Y direction) parallel to the direction in which air flows.
  • the direction in which refrigerant flows is the same in the first secondary pipes 41 adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction and in the second secondary pipes 42 adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction.
  • the heat exchanger 1 acts as a condenser.
  • Refrigerant flows into the gas-side header 32, and flows through the 16 second primary pipes 22. Heat is exchanged between air and the refrigerant flowing through the second primary pipes 22 at the fin portion 10, and the refrigerant is condensed.
  • the refrigerant turns around at the hairpin pipes 23 at the other end of the fin portion 10 (on the X 1 side of the arrow X direction in Fig. 1 ), and heat is again exchanged between the refrigerant and air at the fin portion 10.
  • the refrigerant is further condensed and enters a saturated liquid state.
  • the saturated liquefied refrigerant flows into the U bend pipes 24, and flows from the second primary pipes 22 to the first primary pipes 21.
  • a portion of the saturated liquefied refrigerant flows into the upper eight pipes of the first primary pipes 21 in the direction of gravity (arrow Z direction), and then flows into the upper header 31a of the liquid-side header 31.
  • the other portion of the saturated liquefied refrigerant flows into the lower eight pipes of the first primary pipes 21 in the direction of gravity (arrow Z direction), and then flows into the lower header 31b of the liquid-side header 31.
  • the refrigerant flowing through the upper header 31a flows into the upper capillary pipe 61.
  • the refrigerant flowing through the lower header 31b flows into the lower capillary pipe 62.
  • the divided refrigerant joins at the distributor 63, flows through the junction pipe 64, is again divided into two, flows through the three-way pipes 43, and then flows into the four first secondary pipes 41. Heat is exchanged between air and the refrigerant flowing through the first secondary pipes 41 at the fin portion 10.
  • the refrigerant is further condensed and enters a subcooled state.
  • the refrigerant flows into the connecting components 50 at the other end of the fin portion 10 (on the X 1 side of the arrow X direction in Fig.
  • Embodiment 1 when the heat exchanger 1 acts as the condenser, the refrigerant flowing through the connecting components 50 flows in a direction opposite to the direction in which air flows. The refrigerant then flows into the second secondary pipes 42. Heat is exchanged between air and the refrigerant at the fin portion 10, further condensing the refrigerant. The refrigerant flows into the three-way pipes 43, and the subcooled refrigerant is discharged from the liquid inlet-outlet pipe 70.
  • Two-phase state refrigerant flows into the three-way pipes 43 from the liquid inlet-outlet pipe 70, and flows through the second secondary pipes 42. Then, heat is exchanged between the refrigerant and air at the fin portion 10.
  • the refrigerant is evaporated and flows into the connecting components 50 at the other end of the fin portion 10 (on the X 1 side of the arrow X direction in Fig. 1 ).
  • the refrigerant flows from the second secondary pipes 42 to the first secondary pipes 41. Heat is exchanged between air and the refrigerant flowing through the first secondary pipes 41 at the fin portion 10.
  • the refrigerant enters a saturated liquid state, flows into the three-way pipes 43, and then flows into the junction pipe 64.
  • the saturated liquid state refrigerant is divided into two at the distributor 63. A portion of the refrigerant flows into the upper capillary pipe 61, and then flows into the upper header 31a of the liquid-side header 31. The other portion of the refrigerant flows into the lower capillary pipe 62, and then flows into the lower header 31b of the liquid-side header 31.
  • the refrigerant flowing into the upper header 31a flows into eight pipes of the first primary pipes 21 on the upper side in the direction of gravity (arrow Z direction).
  • the other refrigerant flowing into the lower header 31b flows into eight pipes of the first primary pipes 21 on the lower side in the direction of gravity (arrow Z direction).
  • Heat is further exchanged between the refrigerant and air at the fin portion 10, and the refrigerant is evaporated.
  • the refrigerant turns around at the hairpin pipes 23 at the other end of the fin portion 10 (on the X 1 side of the arrow X direction in Fig. 1 ), and heat is again exchanged between the refrigerant and air at the fin portion 10.
  • the refrigerant is further evaporated and enters a gas state.
  • the gasified refrigerant flows into the U bend pipes 24, and flows from the first primary pipes 21 to the second primary pipes 22.
  • the gas state refrigerant flows into the gas-side header 32, and is then discharged from the heat exchanger 1 to the outside.
  • the connecting components 50 of the heat exchanger 1 extend in the direction parallel to the direction in which a heat medium such as air flows.
  • a direction in which refrigerant flows through the connecting components 50 is opposite to the direction in which air flows. Consequently, the heat exchange performance of the heat exchanger 1 improves.
  • Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the side of the secondary heat exchange portion 13 according to Embodiment 1.
  • the connecting components 50 may be U bend pipes that are U-shaped or curved rectangular pipes.
  • Embodiment 1 when the heat exchanger 1 acts as either the condenser or evaporator, at the outlet of the heat exchanger 1, refrigerant flows in the direction opposite to the direction in which air flows. Thus, when the heat exchanger 1 acts as either the condenser or evaporator, the heat exchange performance of the heat exchanger 1 improves.
  • heat exchange performance is more effectively demonstrated in a case where the subcooling performance is improved by the heat exchanger 1 acting as the condenser than in a case where the heat exchange performance is improved by the heat exchanger 1 acting as the evaporator.
  • a direction in which refrigerant flows through the primary-pipe connecting components of a primary heat exchange portion is the same as a direction in which refrigerant flows through the secondary-pipe connecting components of a secondary heat exchange portion.
  • the heat exchanger acting as a condenser the direction in which the refrigerant flows through the secondary-pipe connecting components of the secondary heat exchange portion is opposite to a direction in which air flows. This configuration can improve heat exchange performance (subcooling performance).
  • the heat exchanger acts as an evaporator
  • the direction in which the refrigerant flows through the primary-pipe connecting components of the primary heat exchange portion is parallel to the direction in which air flows.
  • a temperature difference between superheated gas and air at the outlet of the primary heat exchange portion cannot be sufficiently obtained. Consequently, the heat exchange performance of the heat exchanger cannot be improved.
  • a pipe connecting adjacent pipes such as the connecting component 50 is not used in a longitudinal direction that is the direction of gravity (arrow Z direction).
  • a pipe extending from one column to another column such as the connecting component 50 is used only in a row direction (arrow Y direction) parallel to the direction in which air flows.
  • a direction in which refrigerant flows is the same in the first secondary pipes 41 adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction and in the second secondary pipes 42 adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction.
  • the temperature of the refrigerant is substantially the same in the first secondary pipes 41 adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction and in the second secondary pipes 42 adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction.
  • This configuration reduces heat loss caused in the plate-shaped fins 11 between the first secondary pipes 41 and in the plate-shaped fins 11 between the second secondary pipes 42. Consequently, the heat exchange performance of the heat exchanger 1 improves.
  • the second primary pipes 22 are adjacent at a portion in which the refrigerant is in a superheated state, and the first primary pipes 21 are adjacent at a portion in which the refrigerant is in a saturated liquid state.
  • This configuration can reduce heat loss between a superheated region and a saturation region. Consequently, the heat exchange performance of the heat exchanger 1 improves.
  • the secondary heat exchange portion 13 of the heat exchanger 1 does not include the header 30.
  • the heat exchanger 1 acts as a condenser, no heat is lost during transition from the saturation region to a subcooled region.
  • the first secondary pipes 41 and the second secondary pipes 42 are connected to the three-way pipes 43, which are branch pipes.
  • the number of branches increases to decrease pressure loss in the pipes.
  • Fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of the air-conditioning apparatus 2 according to Embodiment 1.
  • the air-conditioning apparatus 2 includes a refrigerant circuit 3 in which a compressor 80, a first heat exchanger 81, an expansion unit 82, and a second heat exchanger 83 are connected by pipes.
  • the compressor 80 compresses refrigerant.
  • the first heat exchanger 81 exchanges heat between the refrigerant and air, and acts as a condenser.
  • a first fan 84 and a first motor 84a provided in the refrigerant circuit 3 are to send air toward the first heat exchanger 81.
  • the expansion unit 82 expands the refrigerant.
  • the second heat exchanger 83 exchanges heat between the refrigerant and air, and acts as an evaporator.
  • a second fan 85 and a second motor 85a provided in the refrigerant circuit 3 are to send air toward the second heat exchanger 83.
  • a four-way valve is included in the refrigerant circuit 3 to change a direction in which the refrigerant flows through the refrigerant circuit 3.
  • the first heat exchanger 81 can act as the evaporator and the second heat exchanger 83 can act as the condenser.
  • the heat exchanger 1 according to Embodiment 1 is used as at least one of the first heat exchanger 81 and the second heat exchanger 83 of the air-conditioning apparatus 2 according to Embodiment 1. Moreover, as the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant circuit 3 of the air-conditioning apparatus 2, for example, an R410A refrigerant, an R32 refrigerant, an HFO1234yf refrigerant, or an HFO1123 refrigerant is used.
  • the compressor 80 suctions and compresses refrigerant, and discharges the refrigerant in a high-temperature and high-pressure gas state.
  • the discharged refrigerant flows into the first heat exchanger 81.
  • the first heat exchanger 81 exchanges heat between the refrigerant and air supplied from the first fan 84, thereby condensing the refrigerant.
  • the condensed refrigerant flows into the expansion unit 82, and the expansion unit 82 decompresses the condensed refrigerant.
  • the decompressed refrigerant flows into the second heat exchanger 83.
  • the second heat exchanger 83 exchanges heat between the refrigerant and air supplied from the second fan 85, thereby evaporating the refrigerant.
  • the evaporated refrigerant is suctioned by the compressor 80.
  • the heat exchanger 1 according to Embodiment 1 is used as at least one of the first heat exchanger 81 and the second heat exchanger 83 of the air-conditioning apparatus 2.
  • the heat exchange performance of the first heat exchanger 81 or the second heat exchanger 83 in which the heat exchanger 1 according to Embodiment 1 is used improves.
  • the following describes cooling energy efficiency in cooling operation and heating energy efficiency in heating operation.
  • Heating energy efficiency capacity of condenser indoor heat exchanger / total input
  • the heat exchanger 1 according to Embodiment 1 is used as at least one of the first heat exchanger 81 and the second heat exchanger 83 of the air-conditioning apparatus 2.
  • the cooling energy efficiency and the heating energy efficiency of the air-conditioning apparatus 2 are high according to the above expressions (1) and (2). Consequently, in Embodiment 1, the air-conditioning apparatus 2 having high energy efficiency can be achieved.
  • Embodiment 1 air and refrigerant are used as examples of a heat medium.
  • a gas, a liquid, and a gas-liquid mixed fluid other than these examples may be used.
  • the heat exchanger 1 according to Embodiment 1 may be used in an indoor unit or an outdoor unit of the air-conditioning apparatus 2.
  • a refrigerating machine oil flowing through the air-conditioning apparatus 2 for example, a mineral oil, an alkylbenzene oil, an ester oil, an ether oil, or a fluorine oil can be used irrespective of whether or not such a refrigerating machine oil is dissolved in the refrigerant.
  • Fig. 6 is a side view of the heat exchanger 100 according to Embodiment 2.
  • Embodiment 2 is different from Embodiment 1 in that a liquid pipe 160 includes a first liquid pipe 161 and a second liquid pipe 162.
  • identical reference signs are used to designate common components in Embodiments 1 and 2, and explanations for these components are omitted. Differences from Embodiment 1 are mainly described below.
  • one end of the liquid pipe 160 which includes the first liquid pipe 161 and the second liquid pipe 162, is connected to a secondary heat exchange portion 13.
  • the first liquid pipe 161 connects one end of a first secondary pipe 41 on the lower side of the secondary heat exchange portion 13 and the upper portion of a liquid-side header 31, that is, an upper header 31a.
  • the second liquid pipe 162 connects one end of the first secondary pipe 41 on the upper side of the secondary heat exchange portion 13 and the lower portion of the liquid-side header 31, that is, a lower header 31b.
  • Liquid state refrigerant concentrates at the first secondary pipe 41 on the lower side of the secondary heat exchange portion 13 by gravity.
  • the first secondary pipe 41 on the lower side of the secondary heat exchange portion 13 and the upper header 31a that is far from the first secondary pipe 41 are connected.
  • the first secondary pipe 41 on the upper side of the secondary heat exchange portion 13 and the lower header 31b that is close to the first secondary pipe 41 are connected.
  • This configuration reduces the concentration of the refrigerant and balances distribution of the refrigerant.
  • This configuration enables efficient heat exchange by the heat exchanger 100 according to Embodiment 2.
  • the heat exchanger 100 according to Embodiment 2 can be also used in the air-conditioning apparatus 2 according to Embodiment 1.
  • the present invention is applicable to a power saving heat pump apparatus that can be easily manufactured and has excellent heat exchange performance.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Other Air-Conditioning Systems (AREA)
  • Details Of Heat-Exchange And Heat-Transfer (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Système d'échange de chaleur comprenant un échangeur de chaleur (1) et un ventilateur (84, 85),
    le ventilateur (84, 85) étant configuré pour envoyer de l'air,
    l'échangeur de chaleur (1) comprenant une partie d'échange de chaleur primaire (12), une partie d'échange de chaleur secondaire (13) et un conduit de liquide (60),
    la partie d'échange de chaleur primaire (12) comprenant des premières ailettes primaires prévues parallèlement à une direction dans laquelle le ventilateur envoie de l'air,
    des premiers conduits primaires (21) qui sont insérés dans les premières ailettes primaires et à travers lesquels s'écoule du frigorigène,
    des secondes ailettes primaires positionnées au vent des premières ailettes primaires et prévues parallèlement à la direction dans laquelle le ventilateur (84, 85) envoie de l'air,
    des seconds conduits primaires (22) qui sont insérés dans les secondes ailettes primaires et à travers lesquels s'écoule le frigorigène, et
    un élément de raccordement de conduits primaires (24) s'étendant dans une direction parallèle à la direction dans laquelle le ventilateur envoie de l'air, et raccordant l'un des premiers conduits primaires (21) et l'un des seconds conduits primaires (22),
    la partie d'échange de chaleur secondaire (13) comprenant
    des premières ailettes secondaires prévues parallèlement à la direction dans laquelle le ventilateur envoie de l'air,
    des premiers conduits secondaires (41) qui sont insérés dans les premières ailettes secondaires et à travers lesquels s'écoule le frigorigène,
    des secondes ailettes secondaires positionnées au vent des premières ailettes secondaires et prévues parallèlement à la direction dans laquelle le ventilateur envoie de l'air,
    des seconds conduits secondaires (42) qui sont insérés dans les secondes ailettes secondaires et à travers lesquels le frigorigène s'écoule, et
    un composant de raccordement de conduits secondaires (50) s'étendant dans la direction parallèle à la direction dans laquelle le ventilateur envoie de l'air, et raccordant l'un des premiers conduits secondaires (41) et l'un des seconds conduits secondaires (42),
    le conduit de liquide (60) reliant la partie d'échange de chaleur primaire (12) et la partie d'échange de chaleur secondaire (13),
    lorsque l'échangeur de chaleur (1) agit comme un évaporateur, le frigorigène s'écoulant à travers la partie d'échange de chaleur secondaire (13) depuis les seconds conduits secondaires (42) vers les premiers conduits secondaires (41), s'écoulant dans la partie d'échange de chaleur primaire (12) via les premiers conduits secondaires (41) et le conduit de liquide (60), et s'écoulant à travers la partie d'échange de chaleur primaire (12) depuis les premiers conduits primaires (21) vers les seconds conduits primaires (22),
    lorsque l'échangeur de chaleur (1) agit comme un condenseur, le frigorigène s'écoulant à travers la partie d'échange de chaleur primaire (12) depuis les seconds conduits primaires (22) vers les premiers conduits primaires (21), s'écoulant dans la partie d'échange de chaleur secondaire (13) depuis les premiers conduits primaires (21) via le conduit de liquide (60), et s'écoulant à travers la partie d'échange de chaleur secondaire (13) depuis les premiers conduits secondaires (41) vers les seconds conduits secondaires (42).
  2. Système d'échange de chaleur selon la revendication 1, dans lequel, lorsque la partie d'échange de chaleur secondaire (13) agit comme un condenseur, le frigorigène s'écoulant à travers le composant de raccordement de conduits secondaires (50) s'écoule dans une direction opposée à la direction dans laquelle le ventilateur envoie de l'air.
  3. Système d'échange de chaleur selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, dans lequel, lorsque la partie d'échange de chaleur primaire (12) agit comme un évaporateur, le frigorigène s'écoulant à travers le composant de raccordement de conduits primaires (24) s'écoule dans une direction opposée à la direction dans laquelle le ventilateur envoie de l'air.
  4. Système d'échange de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, dans lequel
    la partie d'échange de chaleur secondaire (13) est en dessous de la partie d'échange de chaleur primaire (12) dans une direction de gravité, et
    le conduit de liquide (60) comprend
    un premier conduit de liquide (161) reliant une partie supérieure d'un collecteur côté liquide (31) connecté à une extrémité de l'un des premiers conduits primaires (21) et à une extrémité de l'un des premiers conduits secondaires (41) positionné sur un côté inférieur de la partie d'échange de chaleur secondaire (13) dans le sens de la gravité, et
    un second conduit de liquide (162) reliant une partie inférieure du collecteur côté liquide (31) et une extrémité de l'un des premiers conduits secondaires (41) positionné sur un côté supérieur de la partie d'échange de chaleur secondaire (13) dans la direction de gravité.
  5. Système d'échange de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, dans lequel les premiers conduits primaires (21) et les seconds conduits primaires (22) sont espacés les uns des autres dans une direction parallèle à une direction de gravité.
  6. Système d'échange de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, dans lequel
    les premiers conduits secondaires (41) sont espacés les uns des autres dans une direction parallèle à une direction de gravité, et
    l'échangeur de chaleur (1) comprend en outre un conduit de ramification (43) reliant une extrémité du conduit de liquide (60) et les premiers conduits secondaires (41).
  7. Système d'échange de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, dans lequel le frigorigène comprend un frigorigène HFO1123.
  8. Appareil de climatisation (2) comprenant :
    un compresseur (80) pour comprimer le frigorigène ; et
    le système d'échange de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7.
EP15757924.4A 2014-03-07 2015-03-06 Échangeur thermique et climatiseur Active EP3128263B1 (fr)

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PCT/JP2014/056018 WO2015132963A1 (fr) 2014-03-07 2014-03-07 Échangeur thermique et climatiseur
PCT/JP2015/056724 WO2015133626A1 (fr) 2014-03-07 2015-03-06 Échangeur thermique et climatiseur

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JP6910436B2 (ja) * 2017-06-29 2021-07-28 三菱電機株式会社 室外ユニットおよび冷凍サイクル装置
JPWO2019155571A1 (ja) * 2018-02-08 2020-11-19 三菱電機株式会社 熱交換器および冷凍サイクル装置
EP3916320B1 (fr) 2019-01-21 2023-03-08 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Unité extérieure et dispositif de climatisation
WO2022042556A1 (fr) * 2020-08-26 2022-03-03 广东美的暖通设备有限公司 Appareil de climatisation et boîte de commande électronique
JP7423819B2 (ja) * 2020-11-24 2024-01-29 三菱電機株式会社 冷凍サイクル装置
WO2022244126A1 (fr) * 2021-05-19 2022-11-24 三菱電機株式会社 Dispositif de climatisation
WO2023275917A1 (fr) * 2021-06-28 2023-01-05 三菱電機株式会社 Échangeur de chaleur air-fluide frigorigène
CN115235145A (zh) * 2022-07-21 2022-10-25 北京工业大学 一种带套管翅片式换热器的热泵系统

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EP3128263A4 (fr) 2018-01-10
EP3128263A1 (fr) 2017-02-08
WO2015133626A1 (fr) 2015-09-11
JPWO2015133626A1 (ja) 2017-04-06
WO2015132963A1 (fr) 2015-09-11

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