EP3118693B1 - Einstellmechanismus des gangs eines oszillators einer uhr - Google Patents

Einstellmechanismus des gangs eines oszillators einer uhr Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3118693B1
EP3118693B1 EP15176957.7A EP15176957A EP3118693B1 EP 3118693 B1 EP3118693 B1 EP 3118693B1 EP 15176957 A EP15176957 A EP 15176957A EP 3118693 B1 EP3118693 B1 EP 3118693B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
microsystem
watch
base plate
oscillator
actuator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP15176957.7A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3118693A1 (de
Inventor
Lionel Paratte
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Swatch Group Research and Development SA
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Swatch Group Research and Development SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Swatch Group Research and Development SA filed Critical Swatch Group Research and Development SA
Priority to EP15176957.7A priority Critical patent/EP3118693B1/de
Priority to CH01034/15A priority patent/CH711336A2/fr
Priority to US15/208,131 priority patent/US9804568B2/en
Priority to JP2016138278A priority patent/JP6145201B2/ja
Priority to RU2016128898A priority patent/RU2698187C1/ru
Priority to CN201610561109.1A priority patent/CN106353998B/zh
Publication of EP3118693A1 publication Critical patent/EP3118693A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3118693B1 publication Critical patent/EP3118693B1/de
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B18/00—Mechanisms for setting frequency
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/04—Oscillators acting by spring tension
    • G04B17/06—Oscillators with hairsprings, e.g. balance
    • G04B17/063—Balance construction
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B18/00—Mechanisms for setting frequency
    • G04B18/006—Mechanisms for setting frequency by adjusting the devices fixed on the balance
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B18/00—Mechanisms for setting frequency
    • G04B18/02—Regulator or adjustment devices; Indexing devices, e.g. raquettes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B18/00—Mechanisms for setting frequency
    • G04B18/04—Adjusting the beat of the pendulum, balance, or the like, e.g. putting into beat
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B27/00—Mechanical devices for setting the time indicating means
    • G04B27/007—Mechanical devices for setting the time indicating means otherwise than manually
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04D—APPARATUS OR TOOLS SPECIALLY DESIGNED FOR MAKING OR MAINTAINING CLOCKS OR WATCHES
    • G04D7/00—Measuring, counting, calibrating, testing or regulating apparatus
    • G04D7/08—Measuring, counting, calibrating, testing or regulating apparatus for balance wheels
    • G04D7/082—Measuring, counting, calibrating, testing or regulating apparatus for balance wheels for balancing
    • G04D7/084—Measuring, counting, calibrating, testing or regulating apparatus for balance wheels for balancing by setting adjustable elements, e.g. balance wheel screws
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04D—APPARATUS OR TOOLS SPECIALLY DESIGNED FOR MAKING OR MAINTAINING CLOCKS OR WATCHES
    • G04D7/00—Measuring, counting, calibrating, testing or regulating apparatus
    • G04D7/08—Measuring, counting, calibrating, testing or regulating apparatus for balance wheels
    • G04D7/082—Measuring, counting, calibrating, testing or regulating apparatus for balance wheels for balancing
    • G04D7/085—Measuring, counting, calibrating, testing or regulating apparatus for balance wheels for balancing by removing material from the balance wheel itself
    • G04D7/087—Automatic devices therefor (balancing and loading or removing carried out automatically)
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04D—APPARATUS OR TOOLS SPECIALLY DESIGNED FOR MAKING OR MAINTAINING CLOCKS OR WATCHES
    • G04D7/00—Measuring, counting, calibrating, testing or regulating apparatus
    • G04D7/12—Timing devices for clocks or watches for comparing the rate of the oscillating member with a standard
    • G04D7/1257—Timing devices for clocks or watches for comparing the rate of the oscillating member with a standard wherein further adjustment devices are present
    • G04D7/1264—Timing devices for clocks or watches for comparing the rate of the oscillating member with a standard wherein further adjustment devices are present for complete clockworks

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a microsystem for adjusting a clock oscillator, comprising at least one flywheel arranged to pivot relative to a base plate that comprises said microsystem, said flywheel comprising an eccentric balance and comprising a toothing, said microsystem comprising at least one actuator arranged to drive a control wheel, a lever, or a ratchet wheel, said active pawl being arranged to drive said toothing, and said microsystem comprising at least one stop means in position of said toothing.
  • the invention also relates to a clock oscillator comprising at least one such microsystem.
  • the invention also relates to a watch movement, comprising at least one such oscillator.
  • the invention also relates to a watch comprising at least one such microsystem or such an oscillator.
  • the invention also relates to a device for adjusting a clock oscillator, comprising at least one such watch.
  • the invention relates to the field of adjustment of clock oscillators, more particularly for mechanical movements.
  • Adjusting the mechanical time of a watch is a specialist task, and requires meticulous, precise and attentive work.
  • the document EP2410386 A1 in the name of NIVAROX-FAR SA describes a pendulum equipped with timepiece, with inertia adjustment to adjust its inertia and / or its balance or / and its frequency of oscillation, with a balance having an inserted insert in a housing a serge connected to a hub by a junction surface.
  • This balance or this insert is equipped with elastic holding means allowing, under stress, insertion of the insert into its housing, and prohibiting, once released after complete insertion of each insert, the extraction of this insert out of its housing.
  • These elastic holding means can be made directly in the balance rod serge.
  • JPS5238254A in the name of SEIKO INSTR & ELECTRONICS describes an optical adjustment device.
  • the invention proposes to allow a fine or coarse adjustment of a function of a mechanical watch, and more particularly a fine adjustment of the running of a mechanical watch movement, without having to open the case of this watch.
  • the invention proposes to use the properties of energy transport by a light beam, or laser, or the like, towards the inside of the watch case, to reversibly deform certain zones of the oscillator.
  • the invention relates to a microsystem for adjusting a clock oscillator according to claim 1.
  • the invention also relates to a clock oscillator comprising at least one such microsystem, according to claim 20.
  • the invention also relates to a watch movement, comprising at least one such oscillator, according to claim 22.
  • the invention also relates to a watch comprising at least one such microsystem or at least one such oscillator, according to claim 23.
  • the invention also relates to a device for adjusting a clock oscillator, comprising at least one such watch, according to claim 26.
  • the invention proposes to allow an adjustment of a horological function, in particular an adjustment of the gait of a mechanical clockwork movement, without having to open the box 90 of a watch 1.
  • the invention is, in fact, more specifically designed for a micro-adjustment, so as to be able to very precisely adjust the running of a watch with its movement nested in its final configuration, and the sizing examples that will be provided later are suitable for such a fine adjustment.
  • Those skilled in the art will be able to extrapolate the architecture of the invention to make adjustments requiring a greater amplitude of adjustment.
  • the invention relates to a device 1000 for adjusting a watchmaking function, in particular for adjusting a clock oscillator 100, in particular for a mechanical movement 200.
  • the movement 200 is not illustrated in detail in the figures.
  • Oscillator 100 is not fully illustrated, it is constituted, in a particular non-limiting case, by a balance spring and spiral assembly, and only an equipped balance wheel 70 is shown in the figures, the invention illustrated in this particular application concerns changing the inertia of a clock balance, or changing the position of the center of inertia (unbalance correction).
  • the invention uses, as will be seen below, the rotation of one or more eccentric flywheel wheels, reported indirectly on this balance within microsystems 10 to control optical, each having a base plate 60 fixed on a bare beam 7, or monobloc with this bare balance 7: the invention allows to change the angular position of each flywheel, and thus to change the position of the center of inertia specific to this flywheel, with respect to the main axis of pivoting D of the balance wheel 7.
  • the overall inertia of the equipped balance wheel 70 comprising the bare balance wheel and this or these microsystems 70, can therefore, in certain cases, remain unchanged if the center of gravity of the flywheel remains on the same radius relative to the main pivot axis D of the balance, while the position of the resulting center of inertia can be changed. It is understood that, in case of implantation of several microsystems, and according to their arrangement, one can either be forced to a symmetrical maneuver does not change the position of the overall center of inertia, or drive independently of each other, and, thus, modify the position of the overall center of inertia, and thus also be able to correct an intrinsic balance of the naked beam.
  • modification of inertia is used hereinafter to designate both the change of inertia value with respect to an axis, and the modification of the position of the center of inertia resulting from a mobile with respect to this axis.
  • the invention proposes to use the energy transport properties by a light beam, or laser, or the like, towards the inside of the watch box 90, to reversibly deform certain zones of the oscillator 100.
  • the invention is illustrated with a modification of inertia on a part of the oscillator constituted by a pendulum.
  • Those skilled in the art will be able to extrapolate the use of optically controlled microsystems as described in detail below for an action on another component of an oscillator, for the adjustment of such means of fixing, of voltage, of modification the stiffness of a hairspring, adjustment of the useful length of a hairspring, or others.
  • the invention relates first of all to a microsystem 10 for adjusting a horological function, and, particularly in the application illustrated by the figures, a microsystem for adjusting a clock oscillator, in particular for mechanical movement.
  • the invention uses an optical energy transfer to trigger a movement of a mechanical adjustment component.
  • the invention preferably relates to high-end watches, having a transparent bottom 2, arranged to be transparent at certain ranges of desired wavelengths, to allow the passage of a light beam 3, or any other optical ray .
  • the light passage can also be done, in particular for a skeletonized movement, from the upper side comprising the ice and readable by the user, or by a side or peripheral edge of the box 90.
  • the light path in the watch 1 can also be performed along an optical fiber or a waveguide, which then allows a non-rectilinear light path.
  • a light beam 3 can pass through a transparent bottom window 2 at the selected wavelengths so as to illuminate an illuminated area 5, preferably on at least one sector device of a balance equipped 70.
  • This equipped balance wheel 70 comprises a bare rocker 7 connected to an elastic return means such as spiral or torsion wire, or else evolving in an environment of magnetic or electrostatic fields of attraction and / or repulsion, and this bare balance 7 carries at least one microsystem 10, which is arranged to transform a concentrated light energy flux into a variation of inertia equipped balance 70, by changing its inertia and the spatial distribution of the masses that compose it.
  • an elastic return means such as spiral or torsion wire, or else evolving in an environment of magnetic or electrostatic fields of attraction and / or repulsion
  • this bare balance 7 carries at least one microsystem 10, which is arranged to transform a concentrated light energy flux into a variation of inertia equipped balance 70, by changing its inertia and the spatial distribution of the masses that compose it.
  • the concentration of the light beam which is obtained with optical concentration means 4 is directed towards at least one heating zone 6 of a actuator that includes such a microsystem 10, after crossing the bottom glass 2.
  • this actuator is advantageously a thermomechanical actuator 30.
  • optical means of concentration 4 are not detailed, and are either intrinsic to the watch 1 such as lenses, or external to the watch 1 as on the figure 2 which shows a lens arranged to concentrate the thermal energy of a light beam 3 towards such a heating zone 6.
  • the inertia of the latter is modified by the addition of at least one microsystem 10 to change the inertia of this pendulum , and preferably by adding a plurality of such microsystems 10.
  • the invention is illustrated in the figures by an advantageous variant comprising two identical rotary microsystems, embedded diametrically and symmetrically on the serge of the bare balance 7, with respect to the main axis of pivoting D of the latter, in order to compensate the the unbalance effect of one of the rotating microsystems by the other.
  • the microsystem 10 in particular a clock oscillator, has at least one flywheel 20 arranged to pivot with respect to a base plate 60 that this device comprises. microsystem 10.
  • the flywheel 20 comprises an eccentric balancer 22 and has a ratchet toothing 21.
  • this microsystem 10 comprises at least one actuator driving at least a first said active pawl 38 arranged to rotate the gearing 21, and comprises at least one stop means in the position of the toothing 21.
  • such a microsystem 10 comprises a base plate 60, an actuator which is a thermomechanical actuator 30 provided with a first active pawl 38, and a 20 ratchet flywheel having an eccentric balancer pivoting about a secondary axis D20.
  • the invention can be realized with secondary mobiles having a shape other than the weight-bearing wheels 20 illustrated, for example in the form of moving masses in grooves, or other.
  • thermomechanical actuator 30 may, depending on the embodiment variant chosen, be fixed to the base plate 60, or be integral with it.
  • the flywheel 20 may, depending on the embodiment variant chosen, be guided in the base plate 60, or be integral with it.
  • at least one flywheel 20 is pivotally mounted about a fixed shaft 24 attached to the base plate 60 or integrated in this base plate 60, and pivoting about the secondary axis D20: the wheel -masselotte 20 shown on the figure 4 rotates about a fixed guide shaft 24, driven or glued into a bore 61 of the base plate 60.
  • at least one flywheel 20 is integrated in the base plate 60 relative to which it pivots carried by flexible guides, in particular of the type with thin elastic blades.
  • the stopping means in position of the toothing 21 is a second said passive pawl 25 positioned on the base plate 60, and which comprises an elastic return means, for its support on the toothing 21 .
  • the first active pawl 38 is a pawl mounted tangentially to the toothing 21, and comprises at least one tooth or a comb biased towards this toothing 21 by an elastic return means that it comprises.
  • the first active ratchet can be replaced by a control wheel, a lever, a ratchet wheel, or other.
  • At least one actuator of the microsystem 10 is a thermomechanical actuator 30, which is arranged to transform a light source energy flow into a displacement of a mechanical control member.
  • the thermomechanical actuator 30 is designed for the transformation of the concentrated light energy into a displacement CC, and in particular a displacement which is comparable to a linear displacement.
  • the displacement CC relates to a distal end 380 of this thermomechanical actuator 30.
  • This distal end 380 carries a first active pawl 38, or directly controls a movement of such a first active pawl 38, through a gear, a friction, a linkage or the like.
  • thermomechanical actuator 30 is also usable, as such, for other control applications of a watch adjusting device.
  • thermomechanical actuator 30 comprises a deformable mobile 300, precisely under the thermal action of the light ray, which acts more particularly at the necks or ball joints 34, 35, 36.
  • this thermomechanical actuator 30 comprises, substantially in a first longitudinal direction X, and in this order, a longitudinal line composed of an alternation of rigid masses 311, 45, 46, 312, and flexible necks 34, 35, 36, held between anchors 321, 322 on the base plate 60, the opposite outer rigid masses 311, 312, called arms bearing on these anchors 321, 322, or integral with these anchors 321 , 322.
  • the deformable mobile 300 comprises two arms 31: 311 and 312, extending substantially along the same longitudinal direction X, and anchored at their farthest opposite ends 320 to anchors 32: 321, 322, made integral with the base plate 60, for example by means of an oxide layer 50 in the advantageous case of a silicon embodiment.
  • These two arms 311 and 312 surround a central portion which comprises a first solid portion 45 and a second solid portion 46.
  • the first solid portion 45 is connected to a first arm 311 by a first neck 34, and to the second solid portion 46 by a second said central neck 35.
  • the second solid portion 46 is connected to a second arm 312 by a third neck 36 .
  • the arms 311, 312, the necks 34, 35, 36, and the first solid portion 45 and second solid portion 46, are, at rest, substantially aligned in the longitudinal direction X.
  • thermomechanical actuator 30 comprising at least the necks 34, 35, 36, is arranged to be superimposed on a heating zone 6 where this central zone can receive an energy input of light origin.
  • the momentary difference in temperature between the hot central zone and its cold support causes a dilation of the central zone, which has the effect of effect of compressing the longitudinal line between the anchors 321, 322, and to bend at least one of said necks (34, 35, 36).
  • This compression tends to subject the necks to a flexural force; so as to maintain substantially flat deformations, the total thickness of the actuator, in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the base plate 60, is important with respect to the thickness of these necks in this plane, for example thirty times more important.
  • thermomechanical actuator 30 will not move, if it is made of the same material as the base plate 60. This is therefore an undeniable advantage, compared to bimetallic systems, for example.
  • At least one of the flexible necks 34, 35, 36 is offset, in a transverse direction Y orthogonal to the longitudinal direction X, of a transverse offset dy relative to the other necks 34, 35, 36, transforming the bending movement d at least one of these necks 34, 35, 36, in a plane rotational movement, parallel to the base plate 60, at least one intermediate mass 45, 46, not directly connected to one of the anchors 321, 322.
  • an intermediate mass 45 or 46 drivable in rotation, carries a strip 37 extending substantially in the transverse direction Y and having a distal end 380 arranged to carry a mechanical control means.
  • the rotational stroke of the rod 37 is limited by rod stops 39 which surround it.
  • the device 1000 comprises synchronization means for controlling a light beam 3 to follow, on the fly, and aim at least, or each microsystem 10 it comprises, carried by a component of the oscillator 100 during oscillation, in particular on the rocker equipped 70 during oscillation.
  • such a light beam 3 is projected through the transparent bottom 2, and is concentrated, at a heating zone 6, on a particular heating part constituted by the central zone of the thermomechanical actuator. 30. It deforms, and the first active pawl 38, which is integral with a movable part of the thermomechanical actuator 30, and more particularly of the rod 37, drives the toothing 21 of the flywheel 20 on a or more teeth.
  • the displacement of the center of gravity 23 (or inertia) of the flywheel 20 thus causes a change of inertia of the equipped balance 70.
  • the drive by the first active pawl 38 is in one direction, which is clockwise in the case of the figure 2 , the second passive pawl 25 then prevents rotation in the counterclockwise direction when the first active pawl 38 returns when the central zone cools down.
  • the duration of illumination of the heating zone is as short as possible, and is limited to obtaining the desired deformation of the actuator 30, preferably corresponding to the passage of a single tooth of the If there is a need for several teeth to pass, it is possible to allow the actuator to return quickly to room temperature, in a neutral position, and to illuminate it again for the passage of a single tooth. , and to repeat this operation as many times as necessary. This does not exclude operation with maintained illumination for the simultaneous passage of several teeth, the first active ratchet 38 may comprise, instead of a single tooth as shown in the figures, a comb or the like.
  • a single tooth at the first active ratchet 38 can also act on more than one step, and has the advantage of preventing any jamming phenomenon.
  • a sustained illumination is carried out: after a significantly longer time than in the first mode, the thermal flow towards the base is stationary, and the respective temperatures of the central zone and the base plate 60 approach, causing a rewiring of the actuator
  • an indirect heat input is effected, the concentrated light beam then heating a buffer component, for example a ring, in front of which the central zone of the actuator 3 during the oscillation circulates. of the pendulum.
  • Another embodiment uses an embedded ring and securely connected to the central zone to be heated, which allows the heating spot to remain stationary.
  • the heating zone 6 is preferably arranged so as to cover at least the central part with the necks 34, 35, 36, and the first solid part 45 and the second solid part 46, and the inner ends of the arms 311, 312. As a result of the thermal action, the arms 311 and 312 become longer as the temperature increases, and are subjected to compressive stress.
  • the three necks 34, 35, 36 make the system compliant, not hyperstatic.
  • the slight transverse offset dy of at least one of the necks 34, 35, 36 relative to the others suffices to subject at least the first solid portion 45 or the second solid portion 46 to a rotational movement parallel to the plane of rotation. the base plate 60.
  • a very small difference is sufficient to initiate the rotational movement, which can then be well correlated with the heat input and the temperature in the heating zone 6, in order to regulate, in a virtually linear manner, the angle ⁇ of rotation of the rod 37, and the displacement CC of the first active pawl 38, as visible on the figure 9 .
  • the figure 10 shows that the stress S in the necks obeys an almost identical rule, with a substantially linear curve as a function of the temperature.
  • the figure 9 shows that the fact of subjecting the heating zone 6 to a temperature close to 260 ° C, in the illustrated example which corresponds to the variant of the figure 5 , makes it possible to obtain a displacement amplitude CC of 23 ⁇ m, which is sufficient to drive the toothing 21 of a flywheel 20, advantageously also made of silicon.
  • the pronounced slope of the profile in figure 9 allows to increase, if necessary, the race of the first active pawl 38, while monitoring the degree of stress in figure 10 .
  • the figures 3 and 5 illustrate a same embodiment, according to variants of execution detail. These two variants have a common feature that is to rotate almost in situ the second massive portion 46, which carries a rod 37 which extends substantially in the transverse direction Y, and carries at its distal end 380 , the first active ratchet 38.
  • the variant of the figure 3 comprises rod stops 39, arranged so as to limit the travel of the first active pawl 38 to 1.5 teeth of the toothing 21 of the flywheel 20.
  • thermomechanical actuator 30 carries, substantially in the extension of the rod 37 and the opposite side with respect to a line defined by the anchors 321, 322, at least one counterweight 40 intended to prevent the movement of the rod 37 during shocks , and prevent any alteration of the oscillation frequency and run adjustment.
  • the central zone comprises the inner ends of two arms 311, 312, directly fixed by their ends external to the anchors 321, 322, whose inner ends are separated by recesses 33 arranged to isolate from the hot zone the bases 320 of the arms and these anchors 321, 322, when the central zone is subjected to a flow of energy.
  • the central zone also includes the inner end of the rod 37 which is separated from the distal end 380 by a cavity arranged to isolate this distal end 380 from the hot zone when said central zone is subjected to a flow of energy.
  • the central zone may also include the inner end of the counterweight 40 which is separated from its distal end by a cavity arranged to isolate the distal end of the hot zone.
  • the base plate 60 advantageously comprises at least one cavity 41, delimited by a border 42, arranged to isolate the anchors 321, 322, and each flywheel 20 of the hot zone when the central zone is subjected to a flow of energy.
  • the figure 1 is an overall view with a balance equipped 70 with a diameter of about 10 mm, which carries two microsystems 10 each made on the basis of a SOI chip of about 1.6 mm side, carrying wheels weights 20 of a diameter of about 0.7 mm, a radius of action Rm of about 4 mm, each heating zone 6 being a disc of about 0.8 mm in diameter.
  • the Figures 11 to 13 are related to the microsystem 10 in the variant with "S" design, made in silicon monocrystalline MEMS technology, the figure 3 , in a non-limiting numerical example, with a length L of 1.0 mm, a rod length w, characteristic of the distance between the inflection zones of two successive necks, of 0.100 mm, a coefficient of expansion of 2.10 - 6 / ° C, and a radius R of ratchet rotation of 0.8 mm.
  • the stiffness of the necks 34, 35, 36 is very small, at least a hundred times lower than that of the base plate 60.
  • the necks 34, 35, 36 comprise a linear portion whose length Ir is about four times the thickness e of these necks, and the offset dy provided to initiate the rotation of the rod 37 is about twice that same thickness e.
  • the height h of the first solid portion 45 and the second solid portion 46 is preferably between two and three times the length of the ball Ir, and close to half of the connecting rod length w.
  • the three ends of the actuator 30 are maintained at ambient temperature of the order of 20 ° C.
  • the heating zone 6 can be brought to a temperature between 100 and 400 ° C, the upper limit being chosen according to the materials of the watch 1, in particular the box 90, to prevent damage to a component. This precaution also explains that we restrict our to a heating zone 6 with the smallest possible surface area.
  • FIG. 6 to 8 illustrate the deformation of an actuator as shown in FIG. figure 5
  • Figures 9 and 10 respectively illustrate the displacement CC of the distal end 380 of the rod 37, and the stress distribution S in the necks 34, 35, 36, as a function of the temperature in the heating zone 6.
  • the Figures 12 and 13 relate to the calculation of the running adjustment by the flywheel 20, monocrystalline silicon, which we give a non-limiting numerical example below.
  • the figure 13 illustrates the difference between the upper and lower limits of the linear range at +5.52 and -5.52 sec / day, as a function of the pivot angle ⁇ of the flywheel 20.
  • the system according to the invention is reversible, because by rotating the flywheel 20 uninterruptedly, the inertia is modified according to a sine function as visible on the figure 13 , which avoids being bidirectional.
  • the only disadvantage in this case is that, to reach a lower inertia, while one is in the rising phase of the inertia in the direction of the activation of the ratchet, one must actually make a little less 'a complete turn to reach the good value.
  • the microsystem 10 comprises a first level constituted by the base plate 60 around a thermal insulation cavity 41, and a second level comprising at least one flywheel 20, at least one actuator 30, at minus a first active pawl 38, and at least one stopping means 25 (or second passive pawl) in the position of the toothing 21.
  • the base plate 60 and the thermomechanical actuator 30 are made of the same material, so as to prevent any maladjustments when the base plate 60 and the thermomechanical actuator 30 are subjected, within a watch, at the same temperature variations due to the external environment in which the user of the watch evolves.
  • the microsystem 10 is made integrally and has cavities under the movable members that it comprises.
  • the microsystem 10 is entirely made of silicon and / or silicon oxide. It can still be made in DLC or other micromechanical materials.
  • the first level is a "handle” layer and the second level is a "device” layer.
  • microsystem 10 all silicon, including in particular cavities under the pawls 25 and 38, in order to achieve them in MEMS technology, and advantageously comprising a flywheel 20 on flexible pivots, with course a movement angular limited in the latter case.
  • actuator 30 it is also necessary to take into account the forces, forces and / or torques generated during shocks up to 500 rpm, which must not cause the system to be disturbed, which imposes a minimum force to be provided by the rider. actuator 30 to avoid any disturbance resulting from a random acceleration.
  • the invention also relates to a clock oscillator 100 comprising at least one such microsystem 10.
  • the base plate 60 of this at least one microsystem 10 is attached to a component of the oscillator for its inertia adjustment for the correction of the progress of the oscillator.
  • the oscillator 100 comprises a balanced rocker 70 constituted by a bare rocker 7 connected to an elastic return means or subjected to at least one repulsion and / or attraction field, this bare rocker 7 carrying at least one such microsystem 10 or being monoblock with at least one such microsystem 10.
  • the invention also relates to a horological movement 200, comprising at least one such oscillator 100.
  • This movement 200 comprises at least one transparent crystal 2 at predetermined wavelength ranges, and allowing the passage of a light beam 3 for adjusting at least one such microsystem 10.
  • the invention also relates to a watch 1 comprising at least one such microsystem 10, at least one such oscillator 100.
  • This watch 1 comprises at least one transparent mirror 2 at predetermined wavelength ranges, and allowing the passage of a light beam 3 for the adjustment of such a microsystem 10, which controls a mechanical component for setting a watch function of the watch, such as time setting, date setting, day, spindle, or the like.
  • the control member of at least one microsystem 10 that includes the watch 1 is arranged to control a mechanical component for adjusting a watch function of the watch 1 when this microsystem 10 is subjected to a suitable light radiation.
  • this watch 1 In a particular application, the only means of adjustment of this watch 1 are these microsystems 10, and the adjustment is carried out without contact, without subjecting the watch to a magnetic or electrostatic field, and is made only by supply of energy by at least a light ray.
  • the invention also relates to a device 1000 for setting a clock oscillator, comprising at least one such watch 1.
  • This device 1000 comprises control means 300 arranged to control the emission of a light beam 3 to an optical concentrator 4 guiding a light beam towards an illuminated area 5 of the watch 1 through the lens 2, inside which illuminated area 5 a heating zone 6 is superposable on a central zone of the thermomechanical actuator 30 for triggering a movement of at least one flywheel 20 during the supply of concentrated light energy to the heating zone 6.
  • this device 1000 comprises means for monitoring the step 400 arranged to be arranged on or in the vicinity of a box 90 that includes the watch 1, and thermal monitoring means 500 arranged to be arranged on or in the vicinity of this box 90, and these control means 300 are arranged to generate light rays 3 only when the temperature of the box 90 is less than a set value, and are arranged to generate light rays 3 when the heating zone 6 is superimposed on the central zone of the thermomechanical actuator 30, as many times as necessary as long as the deviation is different from a set value. It is understood that the system is pulse, and the generation of light beam is not continuous, to limit the temperature in the box 90.
  • the invention allows an extremely precise adjustment of the step without requiring the opening of the box.
  • this setting is discrete, and therefore reproducible.
  • the invention finds a preferred application for adjusting an oscillator, it is also applicable for other horological applications, because it makes it possible to make adjustments in a closed watch and perfectly sealed, which is particularly interesting for diving watches or the like, where Simple settings of time setting or date can now be achieved without any push or control means passing through the box.

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  • Micromachines (AREA)

Claims (28)

  1. Mikrosystem (10) für die Gangregulierung eines Uhrenoszillators, umfassend mindestens ein Fliehgewichtrad (20), das dafür ausgelegt ist, sich in Bezug auf eine Grundplatte (60), die das Mikrosystem (10) aufweist, zu drehen, wobei das Fliehgewichtrad (20) eine exzentrische Unwucht (22) aufweist und eine Zahnung (21) aufweist, wobei das Mikrosystem (10) mindestens ein Stellglied umfasst, das dafür ausgelegt ist, mindestens eine erste aktive Klinke (38) anzutreiben, die durch eine Klinke gebildet ist, die dafür ausgelegt ist, ein Steuerrad, einen Hebel oder ein Klinkenrad anzutreiben, wobei die aktive Klinke (38) dafür ausgelegt ist, die Zahnung (21) anzutreiben, und wobei das Mikrosystem (10) mindestens ein Mittel zum Festsetzen der Zahnung (21) an ihrer Position umfasst, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens ein Stellglied ein thermomechanisches Stellglied (30) mit optischer Steuerung ist, das dafür ausgelegt ist, einen Energiefluss optischen Ursprungs in eine Verlagerung eines Steuerorgans, das das thermomechanische Stellglied (30) enthält, zu transformieren, wobei das Steuerorgan eine erste aktive Klinke (38) trägt oder eine Bewegung einer ersten aktiven Klinke (38) direkt steuert.
  2. Mikrosystem (10) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das mindestens eine Mittel zum Festsetzen der Zahnung (21) an ihrer Position eine zweite Klinke (25) ist, die dafür ausgelegt ist, durch ein elastisches Rückstellmittel, das sie aufweist, zu der Zahnung (21) zurückgestellt zu werden.
  3. Mikrosystem (10) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die mindestens eine aktive Klinke (38) eine Klinke ist, die tangential zu der Zahnung (21) montiert ist und mindestens einen Zahn aufweist, der durch ein elastisches Rückstellmittel, das sie aufweist, zu der Zahnung (21) zurückgestellt wird.
  4. Mikrosystem (10) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das thermomechanische Stellglied (30) im Wesentlichen in einer ersten Längsrichtung (X) eine longitudinale Linie aufweist, die aus einem Wechsel starrer Massen (311, 45, 46, 312) und biegsamer Hälse (34, 35, 36) gebildet ist und zwischen Verankerungen (321, 322) an der Grundplatte (60) gehalten wird, und dass ein Mittelbereich des thermomechanischen Stellglieds (30), der zumindest die Hälse (34, 35, 36) umfasst, dafür ausgelegt ist, einem Erwärmungsbereich (6) überlagert zu werden, wobei der Mittelbereich einen Eintrag von Energie optischen Ursprungs aufnehmen kann, der fähig ist, die longitudinale Linie zwischen den Verankerungen (321, 322) zu komprimieren und mindestens einen der Hälse (34, 35, 36) zu biegen.
  5. Mikrosystem (10) nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens einer der biegsamen Hälse (34, 35, 36) in einer Querrichtung (Y) senkrecht zu der Längsrichtung (X) um eine transversale Verschiebung (dy) in Bezug auf die anderen Hälse (34, 35, 36) versetzt ist, die die Biegebewegung mindestens eines der Hälse (34, 35, 36) in eine ebene Drehbewegung parallel zu der Grundplatte (60) mindestens einer nicht direkt mit einer der Verankerungen (321, 322) verbundenen Zwischenmasse (45, 46) umwandelt.
  6. Mikrosystem (10) nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die rotatorisch antreibbare Zwischenmasse (45, 46) einen Stab (37) trägt, der sich im Wesentlichen in der Querrichtung (Y) erstreckt und ein distales Ende (380) aufweist, das das Steuerorgan bildet.
  7. Mikrosystem (10) nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Drehbahn des Stabes (37) durch ihn einrahmende Stabanschläge (39) begrenzt ist.
  8. Mikrosystem (10) nach Anspruch 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das thermomechanische Stellglied (30) im Wesentlichen in der Verlängerung des Stabes (37) und auf der Seite gegenüber einer Linie, die durch die Verankerungen (321, 322) definiert ist, mindestens ein Gegengewicht (40) trägt, das dazu bestimmt ist, die Bewegung des Stabes (37) bei Stößen zu verhindern.
  9. Mikrosystem (10) nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Mittelbereich die inneren Enden zweier Arme (311, 312) aufweist, die direkt über ihre äußeren Enden an den Verankerungen (321, 322) befestigt sind, deren innere Enden durch Aussparungen (33) getrennt sind, die dafür ausgelegt sind, die Verankerungen (321, 322) von dem heißen Bereich zu isolieren, wenn der Mittelbereich einem Lichtenergiefluss ausgesetzt wird.
  10. Mikrosystem (10) nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Mittelbereich das innere Ende des Stabes (37) umfasst, das von dem distalen Ende (380) durch einen Hohlraum getrennt ist, der dafür ausgelegt ist, das distale Ende (380) von dem heißen Bereich zu isolieren, wenn der Mittelbereich einem Lichtenergiefluss ausgesetzt wird.
  11. Mikrosystem (10) nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Mittelbereich das innere Ende des Gegengewichts umfasst, das von seinem distalen Ende durch einen Hohlraum getrennt ist, der dafür ausgelegt ist, das distale Ende von dem heißen Bereich zu isolieren, wenn der Mittelbereich einem Lichtenergiefluss ausgesetzt wird.
  12. Mikrosystem (10) nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Grundplatte (60) mindestens einen Hohlraum (41) aufweist, der dafür ausgelegt ist, den heiße Bereich von der Grundplatte und von dem mindestens einen Fliehgewichtrad (20) zu isolieren, wenn der Mittelbereich einem Lichtenergiefluss ausgesetzt wird.
  13. Mikrosystem (10) nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Grundplatte (60) und der thermomechanische Stellglied (30) aus demselben Material hergestellt sind, um jegliches Verstellen zu verhindern, wenn die Grundplatte (60) und das thermomechanische Stellglied (30) im Inneren einer Uhr denselben Temperaturschwankungen ausgesetzt werden.
  14. Mikrosystem (10) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens ein Fliehgewichtrad (20) drehbar um eine feste Achse (24) montiert ist, die an die Grundplatte (60) angefügt oder in die Grundplatte (60) integriert ist.
  15. Mikrosystem (10) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens ein Fliehgewichtrad (20) in die Grundplatte (60) integriert ist, in Bezug auf die sie sich gestützt durch biegsame Führungen dreht.
  16. Mikrosystem (10) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Mikrosystem (10) eine erste Ebene, die durch die Grundplatte (60) gebildet ist, und eine zweite Ebene umfasst, die mindestens ein Fliehgewichtrad (20), mindestens ein Stellglied, mindestens eine erste aktive Klinke (38) und mindestens ein Mittel zum Festsetzen der Zahnung (21) an ihrer Position aufweist.
  17. Mikrosystem (10) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Mikrosystem (10) einteilig hergestellt ist und unter den beweglichen Organen, die es umfasst, Hohlräume aufweist.
  18. Mikrosystem (10) nach Anspruch 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Mikrosystem (10) vollständig aus Silicium und/oder Siliciumoxid hergestellt ist.
  19. Mikrosystem (10) nach den Ansprüchen 16 und 18, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste Ebene eine "Handhabungs"-Schicht ist und die zweite Ebene eine "Vorrichtungs"-Schicht ist.
  20. Uhrenoszillator (100), umfassend mindestens ein Mikrosystem (10) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 19, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Grundplatte (60) des mindestens einen Mikrosystems (10) an einer Komponente des Oszillators für die Regulierung seiner Trägheit zur Korrektur des Gangs des Oszillators befestigt ist.
  21. Oszillator (100) nach Anspruch 20, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er eine ausgestattete Unruh (70) umfasst, die durch eine bloße Unruh (7) gebildet ist, die mit einem elastischen Rückstellmittel verbunden ist oder zumindest einem abstoßenden und/oder anziehenden Feld unterworfen ist, wobei die bloße Unruh (7) mindestens ein Mikrosystem (10) trägt oder mit mindestens einem Mikrosystem (10) einteilig ausgebildet ist.
  22. Uhrwerk (200), umfassend mindestens einen Oszillator (100) nach Anspruch 20 oder 21, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Werk (200) mindestens ein Uhrenglas (2) umfasst, das für vorgegebene Wellenlängenbereiche durchlässig ist und den Durchgang eines Lichtstrahls (3) für die Regulierung eines Mikrosystems (10) ermöglicht.
  23. Uhr (1), umfassend mindestens ein Mikrosystem (10) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 19 oder mindestens einen Oszillator (100) nach Anspruch 20 oder 21, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Uhr (1) mindestens ein Uhrenglas (2) umfasst, das für vorgegebene Wellenlängenbereiche durchlässig ist und den Durchgang eines Lichtstrahls (3) für die Regulierung mindestens eines Mikrosystems (10) ermöglicht.
  24. Uhr (1) nach Anspruch 23, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Uhr (1) mindestens ein Mikrosystem (10) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 19 umfasst, dessen Steuerorgan dafür ausgelegt ist, eine mechanische Komponente für die Regulierung einer Uhrenfunktion der Uhr (1) zu steuern, wenn das Mikrosystem (10) einer geeigneten Lichtstrahlung ausgesetzt wird.
  25. Uhr (1) nach Anspruch 23 oder 24, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die einzigen Mittel zum Regulieren von Uhrenfunktionen, die sie umfasst, durch mindestens ein Mikrosystem (10) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 19 gebildet sind, dessen Steuerorgan dafür ausgelegt ist, eine mechanische Komponente für die Regulierung einer Uhrenfunktion der Uhr (1) zu steuern, wenn das Mikrosystem (10) einer geeigneten Lichtstrahlung ausgesetzt wird.
  26. Vorrichtung (1000) zur Gangregulierung eines Uhrenoszillators, umfassend mindestens eine Uhr (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 23 bis 25, die ein Mikrosystem (10) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 19 umfasst, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorrichtung (1000) Steuermittel (300) umfasst, die dafür ausgelegt sind, das Aussenden eines Lichtstrahls (3) zu einem optischen Konzentrator (4) zu steuern, der einen Lichtstrahl durch das Uhrenglas (2) hindurch zu einem beleuchteten Bereich (5) der Uhr (1) führt, wobei im Inneren des beleuchteten Bereichs (5) ein Erwärmungsbereich (6) einem Mittelbereich des thermomechanischen Stellglieds (30) überlagerbar ist, um eine Bewegung mindestens eines Fliehgewichtrades (20) beim Eintrag konzentrierter Lichtenergie in den Erwärmungsbereich (6) auszulösen.
  27. Vorrichtung (1000) nach Anspruch 26, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorrichtung (1000) Mittel (400) zur Gangüberwachung umfasst, die dafür ausgelegt sind, an einem Gehäuse (90), das die Uhr (1) aufweist, oder in dessen Nähe angeordnet zu werden, und thermische Überwachungsmittel (500) umfasst, die dafür ausgelegt sind, an einem Gehäuse (90) oder in dessen Nähe angeordnet zu werden, und dass die Steuermittel (300) dafür ausgelegt sind, Lichtstrahlen (3) nur dann zu erzeugen, wenn die Temperatur des Gehäuses (90) niedriger als ein Sollwert ist, und dafür ausgelegt sind, Lichtstrahlen (3) sooft wie notwendig zu erzeugen, wenn der Erwärmungsbereich (6) dem Mittelbereich des thermomechanischen Stellglieds (30) überlagert ist, solange die Gangabweichung nicht kleiner als ein Sollwert ist.
  28. Vorrichtung (1000) nach Anspruch 26 oder 27, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorrichtung (1000) Synchronisationsmittel umfasst, die ermöglichen, einen Lichtstrahl (3) zu lenken, um dem Weg zu folgen und auf mindestens ein Mikrosystem (10) zu zielen, das durch eine Komponente des Oszillators (100) während der Oszillation mitgenommen wird.
EP15176957.7A 2015-07-16 2015-07-16 Einstellmechanismus des gangs eines oszillators einer uhr Active EP3118693B1 (de)

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EP15176957.7A EP3118693B1 (de) 2015-07-16 2015-07-16 Einstellmechanismus des gangs eines oszillators einer uhr
CH01034/15A CH711336A2 (fr) 2015-07-16 2015-07-16 Microsystème de réglage de marche d'un oscillateur d'horlogerie.
US15/208,131 US9804568B2 (en) 2015-07-16 2016-07-12 Mechanism for regulating the rate of a timepiece oscillator
JP2016138278A JP6145201B2 (ja) 2015-07-16 2016-07-13 時計用振動子の歩度を設定するための機構
RU2016128898A RU2698187C1 (ru) 2015-07-16 2016-07-14 Механизм для настройки частоты генератора колебаний часов
CN201610561109.1A CN106353998B (zh) 2015-07-16 2016-07-15 用于设定钟表振荡器的日差率的机构

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EP2990883A1 (de) * 2014-08-29 2016-03-02 Nivarox-FAR S.A. Spiralunruh-Einheit für Uhrwerk
EP3273312A1 (de) * 2016-07-18 2018-01-24 ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse Verfahren zur gangeinstellung einer uhr
EP3410236B1 (de) * 2017-05-29 2021-02-17 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd Vorrichtung und verfahren zum regulieren der ganggenauigkeit und korrigieren des zustands einer armbanduhr
CN107144275B (zh) * 2017-07-17 2023-05-26 四川知微传感技术有限公司 一种微机械惯性传感器抗温漂结构
EP3719588B1 (de) * 2019-04-03 2021-11-03 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd Automatisch regulierbarer oszillator einer uhr
EP3926412A1 (de) * 2020-06-16 2021-12-22 Montres Breguet S.A. Regulator eines uhrwerks
EP4202565B1 (de) * 2021-12-27 2024-10-02 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd Frequenzanpassung eines uhrenoszillators durch opto-mechanische verformungen

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RU2698187C1 (ru) 2019-08-22
EP3118693A1 (de) 2017-01-18
JP6145201B2 (ja) 2017-06-07
CN106353998A (zh) 2017-01-25
CH711336A2 (fr) 2017-01-31
CN106353998B (zh) 2018-10-02
US20170017205A1 (en) 2017-01-19
US9804568B2 (en) 2017-10-31

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