EP3111040A1 - Kabelader für ein kabel, insbesondere ein induktionskabel, kabel und verfahren zur herstellung einer kabelader - Google Patents
Kabelader für ein kabel, insbesondere ein induktionskabel, kabel und verfahren zur herstellung einer kabeladerInfo
- Publication number
- EP3111040A1 EP3111040A1 EP15712067.6A EP15712067A EP3111040A1 EP 3111040 A1 EP3111040 A1 EP 3111040A1 EP 15712067 A EP15712067 A EP 15712067A EP 3111040 A1 EP3111040 A1 EP 3111040A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cable
- conductor
- intermediate piece
- cable core
- core
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/0054—Cables with incorporated electric resistances
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/24—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
- E21B43/2401—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection by means of electricity
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
- H01B13/06—Insulating conductors or cables
- H01B13/14—Insulating conductors or cables by extrusion
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
- H01B13/22—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
- H01B3/42—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes polyesters; polyethers; polyacetals
- H01B3/427—Polyethers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/0009—Details relating to the conductive cores
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/02—Disposition of insulation
- H01B7/0208—Cables with several layers of insulating material
- H01B7/0216—Two layers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/08—Flat or ribbon cables
- H01B7/0892—Flat or ribbon cables incorporated in a cable of non-flat configuration
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/18—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
- H01B7/1805—Protections not provided for in groups H01B7/182 - H01B7/26
- H01B7/1815—Protections not provided for in groups H01B7/182 - H01B7/26 composed of longitudinal inserts
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
- H05B6/02—Induction heating
- H05B6/10—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications
- H05B6/105—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications using a susceptor
- H05B6/108—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications using a susceptor for heating a fluid
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2214/00—Aspects relating to resistive heating, induction heating and heating using microwaves, covered by groups H05B3/00, H05B6/00
- H05B2214/03—Heating of hydrocarbons
Definitions
- Cable core for a cable in particular an induction cable, cable and method for producing a cable core
- the invention relates to a cable core for a cable, in particular for an induction cable, having a plurality of such cable cores, each having a conductor which is interrupted in the longitudinal direction at predetermined length positions at a plurality of separation points to form two conductor ends, wherein provided for connection of the conductor ends an insulating intermediate piece is, on which the conductor ends are arranged on both sides. Furthermore, the invention relates to a cable, with a plurality of such cable cores, and a method for producing a cable core for a cable.
- Such a cable is used in particular for use as a so-called induction cable (alternatively also called inductor) for forming one or more induction fields.
- the cable is in this case provided in particular for the inductive heating of oil sands and / or heavy oil deposits.
- induction cable can be seen, for example, from EP 2 250 858 B1. The technical boundary conditions resulting from this application are fulfilled by the cable described below.
- the individual cable cores of the cable are separated at defined separation points in a grid with a defined length of for example several 10 m.
- Each of the cable wires is divided by the separation points in a number of wire sections.
- a plurality of cable cores are preferably combined into wire groups, wherein the separation points or interruptions of the wires of a respective wire group are substantially at the same length position.
- the separation points are shifted relative to each other by half the pitch.
- the separation Make a first wire group are arranged in the longitudinal direction halfway between two separation points of a second wire group. This results in an overlap of the wire sections of different groups, which serves in particular for the formation of an induction cable.
- Such a cable is described for example in WO 2013 079 201 A1.
- the respective cable core ie a conductor surrounded by an insulation jacket
- the respective cable core is interrupted in the cable longitudinal direction at predetermined length positions at separation points to form two wire ends.
- a connector with an insulating intermediate piece is arranged and the wire ends are attached to both sides of the intermediate piece on the connector.
- To connect the wire ends of the connector is sleeve-like design at its opposite end faces, so that a respective wire end, that is, in particular, a part of the insulation sheath is embraced.
- the connectors therefore have a larger diameter than the cable core and build accordingly strong, so lead to a thickening of the cable core in the region of the separation points.
- the connected wire sections and the connectors are provided with a common banding. That is, it is an additional layer applied, whereby the production cost is increased. Furthermore, the diameter of the cable core is increased and thus reduces the flexibility, whereby a rolling up for the purpose of transporting a cable formed from such cable cores is difficult.
- a raw core is continuously supplied to a processing machine and there separated recurringly at the predetermined length positions at a respective separation point, so that the two wire ends are present at the separation point. These are provided in the cable length direction. nanderaji and again connected to the connector. That is, they must be promoted for adjusting the distance for a short time with different conveying speeds of the processing machine. In addition, a monitoring of the distance is necessary to ensure that actually the predetermined distance is set.
- the invention has for its object to provide an improved cable core, which is as compact and easy to handle. Furthermore, a cable should be specified based on the aforementioned cable core. In addition, an improved method for producing a cable core is to be specified, which is also suitable for the production of said, improved cable core.
- a cable core for a cable comprising a plurality of such cable cores comprises a conductor which is interrupted in the longitudinal direction at predetermined length positions at a plurality of separation points to form two conductor ends.
- the cable core is intended for use with an induction cable having a plurality of such cable cores.
- an insulating spacer is provided, on which the conductor ends are arranged on both sides.
- the conductor and the intermediate piece for forming the cable core are common surrounded by a continuous insulating jacket.
- the insulating jacket serves both for electrical insulation of the conductor in the radial direction and for connecting a number of separated by separation points conductor sections.
- continuous insulation jacket is understood here that the insulation jacket is applied in particular directly on the conductor and is guided continuously over the intermediate piece. This manifests itself in terms of manufacturing technology in that initially only the electrical conductor is provided and the intermediate piece is inserted, before the insulating jacket is subsequently brought over the conductor strand formed thereby, consisting of individual conductor sections and the intermediate pieces arranged therebetween. In contrast to the prior art, there is thus no cutting through of a cable core with subsequent connection of the wire ends by means of a connector.
- a cable core is generally understood to mean a conductor surrounded by a core jacket.
- a conductor surrounded by the wire jacket is severed and then reconnected via the connector.
- the conductor ends which are connected to one another via the intermediate piece, therefore, no additional core jacket between the insulating jacket and the actual conductor is arranged.
- a vein jacket is here understood to mean a usually extruded jacket of an insulating material, in particular PFA, which typically has a wall thickness in the range of greater than 0.1 and up to 0.8 mm, in particular in the range of 0.2 to 0.6 mm.
- the conductor is either a stranded conductor or a solid conductor wire made of a suitable conductive material, in particular copper.
- the conductor preferably has a diameter in the range of 0.8 to 2 mm, in particular in the range of 1, 0 to 1, 4 mm.
- the wall thickness of the insulation jacket is preferably in the range of a few tenths of a millimeter, in particular in the range of greater than 0.2 and up to 0.8 mm, preferably in the range of 0.2 to 0.6 mm.
- the conductor is in particular a coated conductor, for example a copper conductor provided with a nickel layer. This additional coating destroys the copper conductor in the event of hen temperatures when using the induction cable in the field avoided.
- the conductor is surrounded in particular by a conductor insulation, in particular of PFA, which is omitted accordingly at the conductor ends.
- Such a nickel layer shows in comparison to copper only a comparatively low conductivity, in particular on the surface of the conductor, which is particularly critical in view of the low penetration depth of the electric field due to the commonly applied high frequencies in the range of 50 kHz to 200 kHz.
- a silver-coated conductor is used instead of a nickel-plated conductor.
- the layer thickness in both a nickel-coated and a silver-coated conductor is, for example, in the range of 0.8 to 1.5 ⁇ .
- the metallic conductor material is provided with a thin lacquer coating. This typically has only a layer thickness in the range of less than 100 ⁇ . In that regard, this paint coating does not form a wire coat. Rather, the additional insulation jacket is still required. In addition to the protection of the conductor by the applied paint, this supports the insulation and thus provides additional protection against partial discharges.
- the insulation jacket is preferably applied to the conductor strand by an extrusion process.
- the cable core is therefore formed overall by an inner conductor strand with the surrounding common insulation jacket.
- the cables- vein is available as an endless piece by the meter. Preferably over the entire length of the conductor strand extends together with the insulation jacket.
- the conductor strand itself, in turn, is formed by a multiplicity of conductor sections, which are each connected to one another via the intermediate pieces or are spaced from one another.
- the conductor strand is therefore a conductor which is interrupted in defined, for example periodic intervals and by means of insulating pieces.
- the particular advantage of a simplified quality control is achieved.
- the formed conductor strand can already be checked with regard to a desired good connection of the intermediate piece with the conductor ends and, if necessary, sorted out in the case of quality defects. This is therefore done in a very early manufacturing step, whereby the manufacturing costs are kept low.
- the conductor of the cable core is divided by the separation points in particular periodically into a number of conductor sections, which are separated from each other at the length positions.
- the separation points are separated in a predetermined grid of typically several 10 m, for example, from about 100 m apart.
- the result of the process may possibly be an offset of the separation points of different cable cores to one another; the conductor sections of different cable cores are then shifted in the longitudinal direction against each other.
- the length positions, in particular of adjacent cable cores are not optimally aligned with respect to the longitudinal direction, in particular not in a common plane transverse to the longitudinal direction of the cable.
- the intermediate has a spacer length which is at least 0.5%, preferably at least 1% and more preferably at most 4% of the section length.
- Such an intermediate piece is also referred to as a long intermediate piece.
- the intermediate piece length is particularly chosen such that a process-related offset of the conductor ends is compensated at a separation point. For example, there is an offset of about 2%, which is then about 2 m at a section length of for example 100 m. In this case, then the spacer length is selected such that it is about 2 m.
- the respective conductor ends are prepared by means of an adapter element in each case.
- the adapter element is placed on the conductor end.
- the conductor ends spaced about the length of the intermediate piece are each connected to the intermediate piece via a preferably sleeve-shaped adapter element.
- the adapter element is for example a sleeve, end cap or sleeve.
- the intermediate piece is then arranged between two adapter elements and attached in a suitable development also to this.
- a respective cable core then has in the longitudinal direction in the region of a separation point in particular the following structure: conductor section, adapter element, intermediate piece, adapter element, conductor section.
- the adapter element has only a fraction of the length of the intermediate piece and is for example only a few centimeters long. Its length is therefore typically in the range of less than 8% and in particular less than 4% or less than 2% of the length of the intermediate piece.
- the intermediate piece either of an insulating or a conductive material.
- a wire in particular made of the same material as the conductor, is used.
- an adapter ment of a conductive material is selected according to an intermediate piece of an insulating material.
- the adapter element is preferably a brass sleeve.
- the intermediate piece is designed as a flexible, tensile element.
- the intermediate piece is preferably made of an insulating high-temperature material, for example of PFA, PTFE or aramid or generally an insulating and tensile material.
- the intermediate piece comprises a tensile core and an insulating sheath surrounding the core.
- the core is preferably made of aramid or alternatively made of another tensile and insulating material and the sheath of PFA.
- the sheath is selected such that there is a particularly good connection with the subsequently applied insulating jacket.
- the insulating jacket is applied in a suitable embodiment directly in the manner of a hose on the intermediate piece, the adapter piece and the conductor.
- the insulating jacket is formed as a banding directly around the intermediate piece, the adapter piece and the conductor.
- a respective conductor end is surrounded by a sleeve, which in turn is surrounded by the continuous insulation jacket.
- the sleeve is preferably made for this purpose as an injection molded part or casting. Since an adapter element is possibly attached to the conductor end, the sleeve then surrounds the conductor end accordingly only indirectly, ie the sleeve is arranged around the conductor end and the adapter element, in particular around them. This will special air pockets in the area of possible gusset between adapter element and conductor avoided.
- the sleeve here has only a fraction of the length of the intermediate piece and is for example only a few centimeters long. Their length is therefore typically in the range of less than 10% and in particular less than 5% of the length of the intermediate piece.
- the adapter element is completely enclosed by the sleeve, whereby a particularly firm hold of the entire arrangement is achieved.
- the sleeve extends in the longitudinal direction in particular over a length which is at least slightly larger than the length of the adapter element, for example about twice as large.
- the sleeve is then in each case at the end, in particular on the conductor or on the intermediate piece.
- the insulating jacket is mounted around this entire arrangement throughout.
- the sleeve is then designed in particular such that it leads in the longitudinal direction to a particularly flat widening of the diameter of the cable core, so that any air inclusions are avoided when applying, in particular extruding the insulation jacket.
- the sleeve nestles preferably with only a slight slope to the conductor.
- the diameter in the direction of the adapter grows only about 0.5 mm per centimeter in the longitudinal direction, i. with a slope of about 5% and decreases behind the adapter element accordingly again.
- the insulating jacket is formed at least two layers, with two layers of different materials, which in particular have different dielectric constants. In this way, in particular the partial discharge resistance is improved with several adjacent cable cores.
- the insulation sheath is formed in three layers.
- one of the layers of the insulation sheath is made of PTFE and in particular sintered. This allows a particularly robust and effective insulation of the cable core.
- the sintering is then preferably after the application of the PTFE layer and before the application of another layer.
- the second layer is then preferably made of PFA as a material with a different dielectric constant.
- first a PTFE layer is applied as banishing and then a PFA layer is extruded.
- two PTFE layers are applied to each other, in particular each banded and sintered, wherein one of the PTFE layers is made of a modified PTFE.
- a PFA layer generally forms an outermost layer of the insulation jacket and a PTFE layer forms a layer disposed within the PFA layer.
- the conductor is surrounded by a conductor insulation, which is then interrupted in particular also at the separation points.
- the conductor insulation allows in particular an improved application of the insulation sheath.
- the conductor insulation is also removed at least at the conductor ends in order to realize a particularly good hold of the respective conductor end in the adapter element or on the intermediate piece.
- the conductor insulation is preferably chosen such that there is a particularly good connection with the insulation jacket and in particular also a possibly existing sleeve. Therefore, the conductor insulation is preferably made of PFA.
- connection of the conductor ends by means of a connector regularly leads to an undesired thickening being formed in the region of the connection point.
- the common insulation jacket there is preferably essentially no additional thickening in the region of the intermediate piece.
- Due to the configuration with the common insulation jacket a cable core with substantially the same diameter is preferably realized, also in the region of the separation points.
- the intermediate piece and the conductor are aligned in the longitudinal direction. This results in particular with respect to the diameter particularly compact design of the cable core.
- the spacer builds advantageously Not enough, which in particular the cable is easier to handle. Since the conductor transversely to the longitudinal direction typically has a circular cross-sectional profile, the intermediate piece is suitably cylindrical.
- the intermediate piece is made of an insulating material, for example of a plastic material (for example PFA, FEP, MFA, PTFE or aramid). In the cable core partial discharges between the intermediate piece facing conductor ends are prevented.
- a plastic material for example PFA, FEP, MFA, PTFE or aramid.
- the intermediate piece is made of a ceramic, which is characterized in particular by a good partial discharge resistance.
- the material used is preferably transparent, which in particular facilitates visual / visual quality control of the connection.
- the intermediate piece preferably has a length in the range of about 3 to 10 mm, whereby in particular optimum efficiency of the overall arrangement is achieved. In the alternative variant described above, however, the intermediate piece is significantly longer and in particular has a length in the range of one or more meters.
- the intermediate piece on a lateral surface with a wave-shaped profiling which in particular creepage currents are reduced from one to the other end of the conductor via the intermediate piece or completely suppressed.
- the partial discharge resistance is improved.
- the partial discharge safety is in particular further improved by the fact that the intermediate piece is formed with the conductor ends while avoiding formation of air inclusions. This high partial discharge safety is achieved on the one hand in particular by a suitable choice of material of the intermediate piece, preferably ceramic. By using in particular a prefabricated intermediate piece, these can already be subjected to a quality control in advance.
- the intermediate piece In contrast to a method in which the intermediate piece is formed by an injection process directly to the connection of the conductor ends, can therefore be reliably excluded in the present case - even when using spacers made of plastic - that the partial discharge safety is reduced, for example due to air pockets in a poor injection process.
- the intermediate piece has a first end face and the conductor end has a second end face facing this first end face.
- at least the first end face is formed round. This is understood in particular to mean that the first end face is circular, in particular in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. Such a round configuration is particularly advantageous in terms of the electrical properties of the intermediate piece, that is, in particular its insulating effect here.
- the first and the second end face are each provided with a profile.
- the profile is advantageously formed directly by the separation process.
- the profile is formed by subsequent processing.
- a suitable dome is applied to the conductor end, that is, the conductor end is verkuppt.
- this tip is made of metal and soldered, for example, or welded to the conductor end. If only one surface provided by the end faces is available for connecting the intermediate piece to the conductor ends, the surface is enlarged by a suitable profile, thereby improving in particular the stability of the connection.
- the end faces are round.
- the first end face is convex and the second end face is complementary thereto concave or vice versa.
- at least the conductor end is configured edge-free, that is, in particular, that the conductor end in a cross-section in the longitudinal direction has no or only rounded edges.
- the edge has a radius of curvature that does not fall below a predetermined by field calculations minimum radius of curvature.
- the radius of curvature is greater than 0.2 mm.
- an edge results in particular at the transition from the second end face to the lateral surface of the conductor.
- An edge-free configuration results in particular in an increased partial discharge resistance of the cable core in the region of the intermediate piece.
- any edges avoided at the end of the conductor by the second end face is round and with respect to the conductor outwardly curved, that is in particular as a convex hemisphere surface.
- a corresponding hemispherical conductor end is formed, which is preferably surrounded by the complementary formed intermediate piece.
- the dome is suitably made of metal, in particular of the same material as the head.
- a conical configuration of the conductor end in which the second end face is designed in accordance with a conical or frusto-conical shape.
- any edges are expediently rounded.
- a further embodiment is suitable, in which the second end face is circular and in particular has rounded edges in the longitudinal direction.
- first and the second end face are configured similarly to a plug-in coupling.
- the conductor is formed as a hollow wire with a longitudinally extending cavity.
- the use of a waveguide advantageously saves material, and on the other hand, this results in a particularly circular opening at the conductor end.
- a suitably shaped intermediate piece is used.
- connection is improved, for example, by a press fit and / or suitably applied profiles.
- the extension has a thread and is screwed into the complementary recess.
- the conductor end and the intermediate piece are glued together or welded.
- a strain relief is introduced into the cavity of the conductor designed as a waveguide.
- the intermediate piece in the longitudinal direction on a continuous cavity and the strain relief is performed similar to the insulating jacket of the finished cable core continuously, whereby in particular the tensile strength of the cable core is improved.
- the intermediate piece is designed as a hollow cylinder.
- the intermediate piece is formed by means of an injection molding process between two conductor ends to be connected.
- an extension protruding into the cavity is formed by the injection molding, which extension in particular improves the stability of the connection.
- the injection molding is carried out such that the intermediate piece and the conductor are aligned.
- the conductor ends are welded to the intermediate piece, for example.
- the intermediate piece is advantageously metallized on the front side.
- this makes it possible to achieve a particularly stable connection by forming enamelling.
- the separate conductor has at least partially on its end face a particular annular coating of nickel. This makes it possible in particular to connect an aligned with the conductor intermediate piece of ceramic by means of enamelling with the end face, preferably to be welded.
- an intermediate piece made of ceramic, in particular a low-melting glass is cast or pressed against the conductor end.
- the intermediate piece is advantageously severed, in particular transversely to the longitudinal direction.
- the intermediate piece is merely notched.
- One or more score or separation points are provided.
- the intermediate piece is therefore preferably formed generally as a member with low torsional or bending stiffness. This makes it possible, in particular, to prevent damage to the cable core by torsional forces, such as, for example, when stranding a cable. number of cable cores occur.
- the cable core is in particular easier to unroll and easier to transport.
- the intermediate piece is expediently designed as a wire end cap (or end sleeve) and the head end is seated in a frontally introduced into the intermediate piece recess.
- This is for example cylindrical conical or hemispherical.
- either only a single wire end cap is provided, which is arranged between two conductor ends and is mounted on one of the conductor ends, or there are provided several wire end caps, preferably two, which are each mounted on a conductor end.
- the core caps form in particular a separate intermediate piece with the advantages already mentioned above.
- the conductor end is suitably designed to be complementary to the recess.
- the conductor end is designed round, whereby in particular the partial discharge resistance is improved.
- the wire end cap is in particular made of a conductive material and electrically conductively connected to the respective conductor end.
- the wire end cap comprises a front part and a collar extending from the latter, in particular sleeve-shaped collar, collar, or jacket.
- the conductor end is connected by means of a press fit with the wire end cap. This type of connection is particularly easy to perform and very stable.
- the wire end cap is soldered, welded, sintered, crimped or pinched on the conductor end, for example.
- the recess of the wire end cap is preferably at least partially metallized, for example, provided with a nickel layer.
- the wire end cap is glued to the conductor end, for example by means of a polyimide adhesive.
- the adhesive is preferably insulating.
- the bond is suitably in addition to one of the above mentioned connection forms executed.
- the collar has a number of teeth or clamps.
- a squeezing the wire end cap on the conductor end is simplified.
- the wire end cap is connected to the conductor end by a thermal aftertreatment, for example shrunk onto the end of the conductor similar to a heat-shrinkable tube or fastened by means of a thermosetting adhesive.
- the insulating jacket is suitably made thinner in the region of the wire end cap, in particular to ensure a uniform cable core diameter.
- the radius of the conductor in the region of the conductor end is reduced such that the wire end cap is aligned with the remaining part of the conductor.
- the radius of the conductor at the end of the conductor is reduced by turning, milling or etching.
- the recess has a cylindrical and profiled inner wall. For example, these teeth or barbs, which in particular a pull-out protection is realized.
- the wire end cap on the inner wall has an internal thread, whereby the conductor end is simply and stably connected by screwing with the intermediate piece.
- the conductor end has a substantially smooth lateral surface and the thread is self-tapping.
- the intermediate piece is particularly accurate to the end of the conductor
- wire end cap can also be transferred mutatis mutandis and generally to an intermediate piece not designed as a wire end cap.
- the intermediate piece is designed in the manner of a sleeve, that is, similar to two connected wire end caps.
- the above-mentioned developments and advantages with respect to a trained as a wire end cap adapter are then mutatis mutandis transferred to such an intermediate piece designed as a sleeve.
- the intermediate piece in each case has a thread on the end faces thereof, mit- Tels the intermediate piece is screwed onto one end of each conductor.
- the threads are cut in opposite directions of rotation, which facilitates the assembly of the intermediate piece.
- an adapter element is attached to the intermediate piece on the front side to form a prepared intermediate piece.
- the adapter element is a conductor piece similar or identical to the conductor used for the cable core.
- the conductor and the adapter element are made of copper, for example.
- the conductor end and the intermediate piece are advantageously connected to one another by means of a welding process, in particular by means of a cold welding process.
- the object is further achieved by a cable, in particular a so-called inductor cable with a plurality of cable cores, as described above.
- several groups of cable cores are formed, in particular two groups, wherein the intermediate pieces of the cable cores of a group are each arranged at the same axial length.
- the intermediate pieces of the cable cores of the two groups are therefore offset in the longitudinal direction to each other and preferably exactly half a distance between two successive spacers in a respective cable core.
- the spacers are preferably arranged in all cable strands in a fixed, periodically recurring distance.
- intermediate pieces expediently an intermediate piece length corresponding to at least 0.5%, preferably at least 1% and more preferably at most 4% of a section length of the ladder.
- the section length is in this case the length of a conductor section and approximately corresponds to the above-mentioned distance measure.
- the entire inductor cable is preferably formed by a plurality, in particular three sub-cables, each consisting of several cable cores.
- the cable and in particular each sub-cable consists of several wire bundles, which in turn consist of a plurality of individual cable cores.
- a plurality of wire bundles in particular seven wire bundles around a center strand, in particular for strain relief, arranged.
- Each core bundle in turn, preferably consists of several layers of individual cable cores, which are preferably also arranged around a center strand, in particular also in turn for strain relief.
- several cable cores are stranded together.
- Such a cable with stranded cable cores is particularly easy to manufacture.
- such a cable is particularly easy to transport.
- such a cable is easy to install.
- To form the wire bundle several layers of cable cores are stranded with one another and, in particular, around a strain relief (for example made of aramid), advantageously in an SZ stranding.
- an inner layer comprises six cable wires and an outer layer twelve cable wires.
- Several such wire bundles, for example, seven pieces are then stranded together for another strain relief and form a sub-cable.
- Several such sub-cables for example, three pieces are then stranded together to form the induction cable.
- the direction of impact is set appropriately, for example, such that two consecutive stranding form an SZ stranding.
- the induction cable has a capacitance value which is advantageously adjustable.
- this capacitance value can be adjusted by a suitable choice of the pitch.
- a number of coats or tapings are suitably provided.
- one or more coats are provided after each sub-step in the manufacture of the cable.
- the cable cores, the core bundles and the sub-cables are preferably directly stranded together and only one sheath is finally applied to the summary of the sub-cable to the induction cable.
- a plurality of sub-cables are connected to the induction cable, in particular stranded and provided with a particular trained as banding sheath so that the induction cable in cross-section to the longitudinal direction has a triangular profile with rounded corners.
- the induction cable is in a preferred embodiment in cross-section in particular not circular.
- such an induction cable is easier to lay. Namely, such induction cables are usually inserted or retracted in pre-routed pipes. Due to the non-circular configuration of the cable, in particular with a triangular cross-sectional profile with rounded corners, easy insertion of the cable into such tubes is possible with only little friction. In principle, it is also possible to dispense with the outer casing, which thus surrounds the three component cables. The total of three sub-cables are in the corners of an imaginary triangle.
- a number of cable cores are present as bundles, that is, not stranded with each other.
- a number of load straight in the longitudinal direction that is in particular not spirally guided.
- the cable cores of a wire bundle are bundled and a number of such wire bundles are in turn stranded together. In this way it is possible to manufacture the induction cable in a simplified manner and in particular to provide a certain degree of stranding at the same time.
- a number of cable cores in the manner of a ribbon cable designed such that these cable cores have a common applied on the conductor insulation jacket are combined into a ribbon cable by means of an insulation applied together thereon. That is, the ribbon cable is made similar to a number of bundled cable cores.
- a strain relief is provided as a core around which the ribbon cable is banded.
- ribbon cables are arranged in particular in several layers by means of banding to form a cable or a partial cable.
- a six-core ribbon cable is banded around a strain relief and a twelve-core ribbon cable around the six-core ribbon cable.
- the two ribbon cables are suitably wound similar to a SZ stranding, that is, they run in opposite directions of rotation to each other.
- the cable is connected in particular to a power source such that a current flows in the cable and a voltage is applied.
- the power source is typically an AC power source and the power and voltage are at a frequency.
- the cable has a sensor module, with at least one sensor for determining at least one value of an operating parameter of the cable.
- operating parameters are understood as meaning, for example, the current, the voltage and / or the frequency.
- Another operating parameter is, for example, a temperature measured in the cable.
- the induction cable is regularly inserted into a reservoir (or generally in the ground), for example in an oil sands field or buried in this.
- a laid in the reservoir pipe is provided, in which the induction cable is retracted or inserted.
- the condition of the reservoir is characterized by one or more environmental parameters, such as temperature, density, viscosity or conductivity of the reservoir.
- a parameter can assume different values at different points in the reservoir.
- the or the sensor modules are additionally or alternatively designed to determine at least one value of such an environmental parameter.
- the sensor module is equipped to perform seismic measurements with an acoustic signal transmitter and a microphone and performs seismic measurements at predetermined time intervals. Since the sensor module suitably has a position which is substantially unchanged in time, a time and position-resolved characterization of the reservoir and its state is possible in particular as a result.
- Different sensors or sensor modules are preferably integrated in the cable for the different parameters.
- the sensor module additionally comprises control electronics, in particular in order to evaluate the determined values.
- the control electronics generates advantageous control and / or warning signals, for example, in case of a defect in the cable to interrupt its power supply and to prevent further damage.
- the sensor module and / or the control electronics are suitably connected to a central evaluation unit, for example a computer.
- a central evaluation unit for example a computer.
- the cable has a data line, which in particular serves to forward data determined by means of one or more sensor modules.
- the induction cable comprises at least one optical waveguide, which is designed, for example, for data transmission and / or as a temperature sensor.
- the optical waveguide is suitably inserted directly in the manufacture of the induction cable, for example, stranded together with the cable cores. Alternatively, the optical waveguide is guided along a strain relief or inserted instead of such.
- an energy supply of the sensor module and / or the control electronics is realized such that energy is taken from the induction field generated by the induction cable.
- the cable core has electronics, in particular for short-circuiting of partial discharges at the conductor ends.
- the electronics are designed, for example, as a resonant circuit, high-pass filter or bandpass filter.
- the electronics are electrically connected to the two conductor ends.
- such electronics are provided for each opposing pair of conductor ends.
- the electronics can be switched on and off by a user. By means of the electronics, it is possible in particular to improve the partial discharge resistance of the induction cable.
- partial discharges are short-circuited by means of the electronics.
- a sheath-free conductor is provided which is periodically separated at predetermined length positions or is such that two spaced by a gap conductor ends are formed.
- a conductor in particular provided as a raw wire, is separated recurrently.
- a separation takes place for example by means of a cutting or punching process.
- an intermediate piece, in particular made of an insulating material is introduced, with which the conductor ends are connected such that they are opposite each other in the longitudinal direction.
- the conductor and the intermediate piece to form the cable core are provided together with a continuous insulating jacket. This is for example extruded or applied in the form of a band.
- a sheath-free conductor is understood to mean a raw conductor, for example a solid raw wire, a stranded conductor or even an enameled wire, which is free of a conductor sheath, that is to say free of an extruded or wound insulation sheath.
- a conductor strand is obtained, which is composed of a plurality of individual conductor sections with in particular identical length, which are connected to each other via the intermediate pieces.
- the conductor strand has sufficient mechanical tensile strength in order to further treat it for further process steps, similar to a conventional raw wire, and to apply the continuous insulation jacket, for example, by an extrusion process or by banding.
- air pockets are preferably avoided, whereby the partial discharge safety is improved.
- a particularly automated quality assurance procedure is provided, which is suitable for detecting air pockets.
- an ultrasound or X-ray method is provided, which is suitable for detecting air pockets.
- an optical method is preferably used, such as an image processing method by means of a camera operated in bright and / or dark field illumination.
- a number of juxtaposed conductor strands that is provided by conductors provided with spacers together with the insulation sheath in the manner of a ribbon cable, for example by an extrusion process.
- the conductors are arranged such that only every second conductor is interrupted at a first predetermined length position of the ribbon cable. At a second longitudinal position following in the longitudinal direction, the conductors which are not interrupted at the first longitudinal position are then interrupted.
- a suitable for forming an induction cable overlap of predetermined by the separation points conductor sections is ensured in the longitudinal direction.
- the ribbon cable for the formation of separation points Since for the formation of an induction cable at a predetermined length position typically only every second conductor is severed, in an alternative embodiment in the ribbon cable for the formation of separation points, a number of sections cut out, for example, punched that at a predetermined length position, only every second conductor and a this assigned section of the insulation are separated out. Due to the remaining common insulation, the separation points are still correctly positioned relative to each other.
- the separation is preferably carried out such that the intermediate pieces used at a predetermined length position in the finished, that is, in particular in a stranded with a certain lay length cable continue to be present at the same length position.
- the sections are therefore staggered suitably offset taking into account the lay length.
- the sections are punched non-offset, whereby the intermediate pieces are present at the predetermined length position, in particular in a bundling of cable wires to wire bundles as described above, for example.
- the cut-out sections are provided with suitable intermediate pieces, for example in one of the above-mentioned embodiments.
- the intermediate pieces are each formed by means of an injection molding process.
- the spacers are connected to the insulating jacket, for example, sintered or vulcanized, whereby a particularly strong connection is made.
- the conductor - for example, when using a raw wire - is separated at predetermined length positions, that from this a section is cut out with a certain length.
- the section is punched out of the ladder.
- the section is cut out, for example by means of a water jet or laser cutting process. This simplifies the formation of the conductor ends to the effect that a predetermined distance between them does not have to be subsequently set in an additional process step, but is produced directly by the length of the cut-out section. In other words, an adjustment of the distance does not take place only after the separation, but already by the separation process itself.
- the length of the cut-out section is suitably set as a function of the operating parameters of the cable core, such as voltage, current and / or frequency.
- the intermediate piece is separated after joining at a separation point in at least two sections, in particular transversely to the longitudinal direction.
- the intermediate piece is merely notched. This advantageously forms a separate intermediate piece with the advantages already mentioned.
- the structure of the cable consists of several wire bundles, preferably single layers arranged in layers,
- Fig. 3 shows a further cable core in longitudinal section, with a prepared
- FIG. 6 shows a further cable core in a longitudinal section, comprising a conductor designed as a hollow wire,
- FIG. 7 shows a further cable core in longitudinal section, with a long intermediate piece
- Fig. 9 shows a cable in cross section
- FIGS. 1 a to 1 c The production of a cable core 2 in a longitudinal sectional view is shown in FIGS. 1 a to 1 c.
- 1 a shows a conductor 4 formed as a raw wire which is separated at predetermined length positions 6 to form a gap 8.
- a punching tool 10 is provided with a punching direction S, the punched out of the conductor 4 to form two separation points 12, a portion 14 having a predetermined length L, wherein two conductor ends 1 6 are formed.
- 1 b shows the conductor ends 1 6 with an intermediate piece 18 arranged between them. This has two end faces 20 with a predetermined distance A from one another, this being expediently equal to the one shown in FIG. separated length is L1.
- the conductor ends 1 6 are connected to the intermediate piece 18, for example, welded.
- the intermediate piece 18 and the conductor 4 each have the same diameter, so they are aligned with each other.
- a conductor strand similar to a raw wire is formed, which is quasi provided as an endless strand, so called meterware and used, for example, for the subsequent process steps and rolled up on a drum if necessary.
- the conductor strand is composed of a plurality of conductor pieces, in particular the same length, which are each connected to an intermediate piece 18.
- the respective conductor 4 typically has a diameter in the range of a few millimeters, in particular 1 to 3 mm. It is in particular a solid wire, in particular copper wire. This is preferably provided with a coating, for example nickel coating or silver coating. The layer thickness is in this case a few micrometers, for example 1 to 1, 5 ⁇ .
- the intermediate piece 18 has a length in the range of a few millimeters, for example in the range of 3 to 10 mm and in particular of 5 mm. Accordingly, the distance between the opposite conductor ends 1 6, the length of the intermediate piece 18.
- the intermediate piece 18 is formed in the embodiment as a cylindrical intermediate piece.
- the distance between two longitudinally successive intermediate pieces 18 and thus the length of a respective conductor piece is typically in the range of several 10 meters, for example in the range of 50 m or even a multiple thereof, for example in the range of about 100 m.
- the spacers 18 are spaced apart in such a defined grid with this grid length to each other.
- the total length of such a Cable core 2 is in the range of several hundred meters to a few kilometers.
- an insulating jacket 22 is applied, which is here alsext- rudged from a plastic.
- the insulation jacket 22 along the entire cable core 2 has a constant diameter D1, in particular in the region of the intermediate piece 18th
- FIGS. 2 to 6 show schematically another embodiment of the cable core 2 in a longitudinal sectional view. Shown is in each case a section of the cable core 2 in the region of the intermediate piece 18 which is in the intermediate space 18.
- the intermediate piece 18 shown in Fig. 2 is made in one piece and substantially cylindrical, with a lateral surface 24 which is provided with a wave-shaped profile. As a result, leakage currents are avoided and the partial discharge safety of the cable core 2 is increased. Furthermore, the intermediate piece 18 is aligned with the conductor 4.
- the end faces 20 are concave in the embodiment shown here. Each of the two end faces 20 is associated with an end face 21 of the conductor ends 1 6, which are correspondingly complementary, that is, here convex.
- the end faces 20 are metallized and welded to the respective conductor end 1 6.
- the intermediate piece 18 is made of a ceramic in the embodiment shown here.
- the intermediate piece 18 is made of plastic.
- the intermediate piece 18 is designed as an injection molded part and formed by means of a suitable injection mold directly between the two conductor ends 1 6. As a result, it is expediently possible to manufacture the intermediate piece 18 accurately.
- FIG. 3 shows an alternative embodiment of the cable core 2, with a prepared intermediate piece 18, at whose end faces 20 each have an adapter element. 19 is attached, which is designed here as a conductor piece and in particular made of the same material as the conductor 4.
- a prepared intermediate piece 18 is formed.
- the adapter element 19 is in particular a few millimeters long, for example 1 to 5 mm. It preferably consists of the same or at least similar material as the conductor 4.
- FIG. 4 shows an alternative intermediate piece 18, which here comprises two wire end caps 26.
- the intermediate piece 18 shown here is separated at a separation point 28.
- the separation can be realized either directly by the use of two wire end caps 26 or alternatively by an intermediate piece 18 designed as a sleeve and severed after connection to the conductor ends 16.
- the end caps 26 each have a head 30, which in particular includes the end face 20. From the head 30 extends in the longitudinal direction R, an annular collar 32. This has on its inner wall 34 has a profiling, which is a thread here. Furthermore, the collar 32 rotates around a cylindrical recess having a predetermined depth T.
- the conductor ends 16 have a reduced diameter D2 over a length L2, which expediently corresponds to the depth T, and are screwed into the wire end cap 26.
- the recess is conical and the conductor ends 16 are correspondingly also formed conically shaped complementary thereto.
- the heads 30 of the end caps 26 are in the embodiment shown here to each other, the insulation jacket 22 is carried out consistently.
- the two wire end caps 26 are connected to each other, for example, glued or welded.
- einitzenden conductor ends 1 6 can be additionally glued or welded.
- FIG. 5 A further embodiment is shown in FIG. 5.
- the intermediate piece 18 is designed as two wire end caps 26, which are placed on the conductor ends 1 6 and fixed by means of a press fit. For this purpose, the respective conductor end 1 6 is cooled and inserted into the end cap 26.
- the end cap 26 has a profiled inner wall 34 and / or a profiled end face 20, which is developed in accordance with one of the above-mentioned embodiments.
- the wire end cap 26 has a diameter D3 which is greater than the diameter D4 of the conductor 1 6. So that the intermediate piece 18 does not build up, the insulating jacket 22 is made thinner in the region of the intermediate piece 18.
- the conductor 4 is formed as a hollow wire with a longitudinally extending R cavity 4a. This has transversely to the longitudinal direction of an inner diameter D5.
- the intermediate piece 18 is inserted by means of suitably formed extensions 18 a in the cavity 4 a.
- the extensions 18a have a thread or another profiling in the radial direction, that is to say on a lateral surface bearing against the hollow space 4a, in order to improve the stability of the connection.
- the cavity 4a is filled with a strain relief, which is advantageously materially connected to the extensions 18a.
- FIGS. 7 and 8 a preferred variant of the cable core 2 is shown, in which the intermediate piece 18 is designed as a long intermediate piece 18. This is similar to that in Fig. 3 by means of an adapter element 19 connected to the conductor end 1 6 and is thus formed in particular as a prepared intermediate piece 18.
- a complete ladder section 4 'and an adjoining intermediate piece 18 are shown in FIG. 7.
- the intermediate piece 18 has at its ends in each case a sleeve-like adapter 19, for connecting in FIG. 8, only one length position 6 is shown, ie only one of two ends of the intermediate piece 18, which is connected to the conductor end 16 via the adapter element 19; an analogous connection takes place at the other end, not shown here.
- the conductor 4 is divided into conductor sections 4 ', each having a section length L3, which corresponds to the distance between two conductor ends 16 of a conductor section 4'.
- the intermediate piece 18 has a certain intermediate length Z, which corresponds to about 1 to 4% of the section length L3. With a section length L3 of about 100 m, the intermediate piece 18 is then for example about 2 m long. In this way, a production-related offset of a plurality of intermediate pieces 18 is compensated at a separation point 12. In this case, an overlap of the long intermediate pieces 18 across the longitudinal direction R of the cable 2 is ensured by the intermediate piece length Z.
- the intermediate piece is also designed here as a flexible, tensile element and comprises a tensile core 18b made of aramid and a surrounding the core 18b insulating sheath 18c made of PFA.
- the adapter element 19 is formed in FIGS. 7 and 8 as a brass sleeve into which the intermediate piece 18 and the conductor end 16 of the conductor section 4 'are inserted on the end side.
- the entire assembly is surrounded by a sleeve 35 which is formed as an injection molded part and preferably made of PFA.
- the sleeve 35 surrounds the adapter element 19 and the attached conductor end 1 6 completely.
- the sleeve 35 also fills the gusset formed by the adapter element 19 with the conductor section 4 'and the intermediate piece 18.
- the insulation jacket 22 is finally applied around this overall arrangement, which is embodied in the embodiments in FIGS. 7 and 8 in a manner not shown in detail in three layers, namely with an inner banding made of modified PTFE, an applied on this bandage Further banding of PTFE and an outer layer of extruded PFA, wherein the two bandings are additionally sintered.
- a further insulating layer 22 'of PFA is additionally disposed within the insulation 22.
- the conductor section 4 ' is surrounded by an additional conductor insulation 33, which however is omitted at the conductor ends 1 6.
- the cable cores 2 of FIGS. 7 and 8 are then preferably produced such that the conductor 4 is first divided into a plurality of conductor sections 4 'and an adapter element 19 is placed on the conductor ends 16 formed in each case. Subsequently, in the respective remaining end of an adapter element 19, a long spacer 18 is inserted, which is then arranged between the two conductor ends 1 6. The adapter element 19 is then in particular squeezed in order to fix the respective conductor end 1 6 and the intermediate piece 18 in it. Subsequently, the respective adapter element 19 is encapsulated with PFA to form the sleeve 35. The entire assembly is optionally surrounded lengthwise with an insulating layer 22 'of PFA. Finally, the continuous insulation jacket 22 is applied. For this purpose, first a single or double banding with PTFE, which is then sintered; Finally, an outermost layer of PFA is extruded.
- each of the sub-cables 38 comprises six wire bundles 42 stranded around a strain relief 40.
- Each of these wire bundles 42 in turn has eighteen cable cores 2 arranged around a strain relief 44.
- the core bundle 42 has an inner layer 46 comprising six cable cores 2 and an outer layer 48 comprising twelve cable cores 2.
- the inner layer 46, the outer layer 48, the partial cable 38 and the entire cable 36 are preferably each surrounded by an additional jacket 50, which is for example extruded or designed as a band.
- the inner layer 46 and / or the outer layer 48 are each formed as a ribbon cable with six or twelve conductors 4 and wrapped around the strain relief 44 in the manner of a Band istsvons. As a result, the production cost of the wire bundle 42 and thus in particular the entire cable 36 is reduced.
- the cable 36 shown in FIG. 9 additionally has a sensor module 52 with a sensor 54.
- each of the cable cores 2 is subjected to a current and a voltage at a predetermined frequency.
- the sensor 54 is then, for example, a Hall sensor, by means of which the sensor module 52 monitors the induction field.
- a number of functional lines are provided in the cable 36, for example, temperature sensors designed as optical waveguides. These are then connected to one or more sensor modules 52.
- FIG. 10 An alternative embodiment of the cable according to FIG. 9 is shown in FIG. 10.
- the outer jacket 50 surrounding the three sub-cables 38 is designed as a banding.
- the resulting cross-sectional profile of the cable is thereby a triangle with rounded corners.
- the individual core bundles 42 are each formed as stranding elements with a 1-6-12 stranding of individual elements.
- the central strand is designed as a strain relief 44.
- the core bundle 42 produced in this way has, for example, one
- Diameter in the range of about 8 to 15 mm, in particular of about 12 mm.
- the individual sub-cables 38 are again formed as Verseilverbund consisting of the central strain relief 40 and six stranded strand bundles 42.
- This strand composite is in the exemplary embodiment, but not necessarily surrounded by a jacket which, for example, as a sprayed, extruded jacket 50 or as a banding example by means of a Polyester tapes is formed.
- This partial cable 38 preferably has a diameter in the range of a few centimeters, for example in the range of 2.5 to 6 cm and in particular in the range of about 4 cm.
- a central strain relief wire is expediently additionally introduced in a manner not shown.
- the maximum width of the cable 36 ie in the case of FIG. 9 the diameter and in the case of the triangular configuration according to FIG. 10 a leg length of the isosceles triangle, is again several centimeters, in particular approximately 6 to 12 cm and preferably approximately 8 cm.
- the three sub-cables 38 are in turn stranded together.
- Both cable types according to FIGS. 9 and 10 are expediently still surrounded by a jacket 50, which is formed by means of an extrusion method. Conveniently, it has a shell thickness in the range of a few millimeters, in particular in the range of 2.5 to 5 mm.
- the trained cable 36 has a length preferably of several 100 meters up to a few kilometers.
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Abstract
Description
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Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102014203775 | 2014-02-28 | ||
PCT/EP2015/054184 WO2015128484A1 (de) | 2014-02-28 | 2015-02-27 | Kabelader für ein kabel, insbesondere ein induktionskabel, kabel und verfahren zur herstellung einer kabelader |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3111040A1 true EP3111040A1 (de) | 2017-01-04 |
EP3111040B1 EP3111040B1 (de) | 2020-07-29 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP15712067.6A Active EP3111040B1 (de) | 2014-02-28 | 2015-02-27 | Kabelader für ein kabel, insbesondere ein induktionskabel, kabel und verfahren zur herstellung einer kabelader |
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US (2) | US20160372232A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP3111040B1 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2940876C (de) |
EA (1) | EA033492B1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2015128484A1 (de) |
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---|---|---|---|---|
WO2017108371A1 (de) * | 2015-12-22 | 2017-06-29 | Leoni Kabel Gmbh | Strangförmiges element |
CN109342879A (zh) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-02-15 | 国网浙江慈溪市供电有限公司 | 一种配电线路电缆在线监测系统 |
DE102019135528A1 (de) * | 2019-12-20 | 2021-06-24 | Paul Vahle Gmbh & Co. Kg | Primärleiterkabel für ein System zur berührungslosen induktiven Energieübertragung und/oder Datenübertragung |
CN114334242B (zh) * | 2022-01-05 | 2023-07-18 | 安徽联信电缆集团有限公司 | 基于扁平结构设计的弯曲受力点一致式机器人电缆 |
CN117330915B (zh) * | 2023-10-26 | 2024-05-31 | 国网上海市电力公司 | 一种液氮浸入式的长距离超导电缆局放超声检测系统及其方法 |
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DE1928783C3 (de) * | 1968-06-17 | 1974-07-25 | Aktiengesellschaft Gebrueder Loepfe, Wetzikon (Schweiz) | Verfahren zur Umformung der Relativbewegung zweier Körper, die in reibendem Kontakt miteinander stehen, in eine elektrische Größe |
EP1199727B1 (de) * | 2000-10-19 | 2007-01-03 | Heat Trace Limited | Heizkabel |
CN100424948C (zh) * | 2005-02-18 | 2008-10-08 | 夏云杰 | 现场交联聚乙烯熔接电缆接头工艺方法 |
MX2009006576A (es) * | 2006-12-21 | 2009-11-26 | Prysmian En Cabos E Sist S Do | Un arreglo constructivo en un cable umbilical y un proceso para la fabricacion del mismo. |
US20090099555A1 (en) * | 2007-10-11 | 2009-04-16 | Ingmar Viohl | Reduction of rf induced tissue heating using conductive surface pattern |
DE102008062326A1 (de) | 2008-03-06 | 2009-09-17 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Anordnung zur induktiven Heizung von Ölsand- und Schwerstöllagerstätten mittels stromführender Leiter |
WO2010064579A1 (ja) * | 2008-12-02 | 2010-06-10 | 株式会社フジクラ | 伝送ケーブル及びそれを用いた信号伝送ケーブル |
JP5403258B2 (ja) * | 2008-12-22 | 2014-01-29 | 日立金属株式会社 | 耐放射線性組成物及び電線・ケーブル |
DE102009042127A1 (de) * | 2009-09-18 | 2011-03-24 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Induktorleiter für die berührungslose Energieübertragung sowie dessen Verwendung für Fahrzeuge |
KR101254293B1 (ko) * | 2011-09-08 | 2013-04-12 | 이재준 | 스마트 기능을 보유한 지능형 히팅 케이블 및 그 제조방법 |
EP2623709A1 (de) | 2011-10-27 | 2013-08-07 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Kondensatorvorrichtung für eine Leiterschleife einer Vorrichtung zur "in situ"-Förderung von Schweröl und Bitumen aus Ölsand-Lagerstätten. |
EA025554B1 (ru) | 2011-12-02 | 2017-01-30 | Леони Кабель Холдинг Гмбх | Способ изготовления жилы кабеля, содержащей покрытый изоляцией провод для кабеля, в частности для индукционного кабеля, а также жила кабеля и кабель |
-
2015
- 2015-02-27 EA EA201691746A patent/EA033492B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2015-02-27 WO PCT/EP2015/054184 patent/WO2015128484A1/de active Application Filing
- 2015-02-27 EP EP15712067.6A patent/EP3111040B1/de active Active
- 2015-02-27 CA CA2940876A patent/CA2940876C/en active Active
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2016
- 2016-08-29 US US15/250,254 patent/US20160372232A1/en not_active Abandoned
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2019
- 2019-01-25 US US16/257,644 patent/US11183316B2/en active Active
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EA201691746A1 (ru) | 2016-12-30 |
US20190156969A1 (en) | 2019-05-23 |
US11183316B2 (en) | 2021-11-23 |
EA033492B1 (ru) | 2019-10-31 |
CA2940876C (en) | 2022-06-21 |
CA2940876A1 (en) | 2015-09-03 |
US20160372232A1 (en) | 2016-12-22 |
EP3111040B1 (de) | 2020-07-29 |
WO2015128484A1 (de) | 2015-09-03 |
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