EP3105389A1

EP3105389A1 - Wooden beam

Info

Publication number: EP3105389A1
Application number: EP14704528.0A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Mathias Hofmann
Original assignee: Hess Timber & Co KG GmbH
Current assignee: Hess Timber & Co KG GmbH
Priority date: 2014-02-13
Filing date: 2014-02-13
Publication date: 2016-12-21
Also published as: WO2015120865A1

Abstract

An improved wooden beam is distinguished by the following features: – the wooden beam (1) comprises a plate-shaped carrying web (3) extending in the longitudinal direction (L) of the wooden beam (1) – cutouts (9) offset in the longitudinal direction (L) from one another are incorporated in the carrying web (3) and each extend, in a part height (TH), from the open longitudinal side (5b) of the carrying web (3) that is formed by said cutouts in the direction of the opposite closed longitudinal side (5a), – the cutouts (9) extend only over a part height (TH) of the carrying web (3) and terminate at a distance (A) before the closed longitudinal side (5a) of the carrying web (3), and – an upper flange (21) or a lower flange (31) is formed or fastened on the open longitudinal side (5b) of the carrying web (3) that is opposite to the closed longitudinal side (5a).

Description

wooden beam

The invention relates to a timber beam according to the preamble of claim 1. In construction, the most diverse carriers and types of support structures are known.

In buildings, horizontal and vertical concrete beams are often used.

In the construction of halls it is also known, for example for roof structures (including flat roofs) to use metal beams, in particular so-called double-T beams, which are often also referred to as I-beams. In addition to a generally vertically extending web, they have an upper and a lower flange, which has belt sections aligned transversely to the vertically extending web level. The upper belt is subjected to pressure and the lower belt to train. Such carriers must be designed to accommodate the corresponding loads in appropriate massiveness. This not only leads to a cost increase but also to an increase in weight, whereby the support forces to be absorbed via the supporting structure are again relatively reduced.

Therefore, it is also already known, for example, by cutting an I-solid wall support to produce a honeycomb carrier, which has a relation to the original carrier increased web height and thus a higher load capacity. Its weight is lower compared to a full-wall girder of the same height. Such made of metal and provided with a top and bottom flange honeycomb carrier (in the vertical webs offset from each other lying each honeycomb or circular openings are provided as recesses) are known for example from DE 14 84 301 or WO 00/50705 AI.

Timber construction and wood construction technology have always used truss girders. A lattice girder for a framework likewise likewise comprises, as is known, a top chord and a lower chord disposed at a greater distance therefrom, which are generally arranged running parallel to one another. Between the upper and the lower belt are then offset in the longitudinal direction of the carrier offset from each other and arranged diagonally aligned struts, which act and serve depending on the force stress as compression struts or tension struts. It can be distinguished between an overstretched and under-stressed support structure. Furthermore, constructions have also become known in timber construction, for example using BrettSchichtholz (BSH). A method for producing a longitudinal connection of wooden components and a corresponding wooden component is known for example from EP 2 227 605 Bl. Described therein is a wooden component which, in order to increase the load to be absorbed, consists of at least two glulam beams, which are joined together at least with the partial formation of a universal wedge-tooth joint. The at least two connected glulam beams have in each case a separate recess on at least one outer and / or lower side. After joining the at least two to be joined glulam beams a common recess is formed from the two separate recesses, in which then inserted a fitting and non-positively connected to the BrettSchichtholz carriers. In order to be able to absorb the highest possible forces, it is further provided that the two glulam beams are adhesively bonded to the fitting at their at least one outer or underside in the region of the intended recess by means of a shank connection, wherein the shingled connection least in a partial length of the fitting piece, starting from the outlet and transition region of the fitting piece, extending in the direction of the end of the associated BrettSchichtholz - carrier with a corresponding small angle of inclination.

Although this wooden support existing support structure has proven very successful in practice and by means of such a construction high forces, wide tensioned structures were made possible, it is an object of the present invention nevertheless to provide a further improvement in terms of a timber support member, which is particularly suitable for wide-stretched structures.

The object is achieved according to the features specified in claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

In the context of the invention, a wooden support can be created, in particular for widely tensioned structures, which can absorb high forces, and this with a comparatively low material consumption (volume). Furthermore, the wood support according to the invention is characterized by relatively low production costs.

The wooden support according to the invention is characterized in particular by the fact that it has a support web, which is generally vertically aligned in the installed state, in the longitudinal direction of which recesses and material support sections alternate in succession. Preferably, the recesses as well as the subsequent, the force support serving carrier web sections are designed triangular or trapezoidal or similar.

The wooden support therefore has a continuous material band on its upper or lower longitudinal side. Opposite, where the recesses open open, then a longitudinally extending latten- or holm-shaped wooden band is provided and connected to the carrier. Depending on the orientation of the wood carrier, so ever according to whether the recesses referred to the top or the bottom have or are aligned, the mentioned pale or holm-shaped or pale or holm-like band-shaped wood part comes to the function of a pressure-loaded upper chord or a train loaded lower chord.

In preferred embodiments, the wood support according to the invention may also be additionally provided with a lower belt, provided with at its two ends end trim and additionally if necessary with the recesses upwardly bounding fillets, which absorb even greater pressure forces in the upper flange and be supported.

This wooden support consists in a particularly preferred embodiment of veneer layer wood panels (FSH), which can be produced comparatively cheap. The straps themselves may consist of glulam (BSH) or also veneer layer wood (FSH) or comprise these materials. For this purpose, conifers as well as hardwoods can be used. The support web and the slats, spars or plates for the upper flange, the lower flange, the Abschluhholz and / or the filling wood can be firmly connected with all suitable measures with the support web, preferably glued.

The wood support according to the invention can not only be designed to be exactly rectilinear. It is also possible to provide him with an elevation, so that he comes as close as possible to lie straight in the installed state. But also other Holzträger- forms, ie binder shapes are possible, namely, for example

- Parallel binder (with or without elevation)

- conical binder

- Saddle roof trusses

- bow ties

- fish belly binder

In addition, the woods can be treated accordingly to meet the fire safety regulations. The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to drawings. In detail:

characters

la to le: a first embodiment in different views;

FIG. 1f: a representation of the first exemplary embodiment in an explosive representation, specifically using additional fillers which can be used in the recesses;

characters

2a to 2d: a modified embodiment with the additional use of a lower flange; characters

3a to 3d: a modified embodiment in various representations using end timbers in addition to a top flange;

FIG. 3e: an exploded view of the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 3a to 3d with additional use of filling woods in the region of the upper flange;

characters

4a to 4d: a further modified exemplary embodiment of a wooden carrier with a top flange, a bottom flange and with end laces formed on its opposite end sides;

4e: an exploded view of the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 4a to 4d with additional use of filling wood in the region of the upper belt;

Figure:

5a to a further embodiment for clarification that the upper flange may also be formed using plug-in openings using a one-piece spar, into which the upwardly projecting elevations or tips of the carrier web sections of the carrier web engage; Representation of a slightly inflated parallel carrier with double-sided BSH / FSH upper flange, which is bent slightly convex towards the first embodiment at the top;

an embodiment which has a support which is formed to the previous embodiments rotated by 180 ° or arranged, namely with its closed longitudinal edge facing upwards and with its open longitudinal side pointing downwards;

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FIGS. 8a to 8d show a further modified exemplary embodiment in different representations using a parallel carrier with plate-shaped upper flange strips in honeycomb structure attached on both sides (preferably FSH upper strap);

characters

9a to 9d: an embodiment modified from FIGS. 8a to 8d inasmuch as here a parallel carrier with glued-in or plate-shaped top flange in honeycomb structure is shown (preferably FSH upper flange); characters

10a to the representation of a gable roof carrier with double-sided upper belt (preferably BSH upper belt);

characters

IIa to lld: a representation of a pent roof rack

two-sided upper belt (preferably

Upper strap);

characters

12a to 12d: the representation of a sheet carrier

two-sided upper belt (preferably

Upper strap);

characters

13a to 13d: the representation of a fish belly carrier with double-sided upper belt (preferably BSH upper belt); and

FIG. 14a: an excerpt from a page representation of a

Wood panel, in particular a veneer layer wood panel, from the two support webs are herausarbeitbar by a milling process; and

FIG. 14b: an enlarged detailed view from FIG. 14a.

In the figures la to lf is a first exemplary embodiment of a wood support 1 according to the invention in particular reproduced for widely stretched structures in different representations.

It can be seen from the drawings that the timber support 1 has a supporting web 3, which is basically designed plate-shaped, i. in particular - as will be discussed later - is made from a plate. The timber beam 1 is installed in structures so that the support bar 3 is usually aligned with its support web level E extending in the vertical direction.

It can also be seen from the representations that the support web 3 on its one longitudinal side 5, ie on its closed longitudinal side 5a, which constitutes the underside or lower edge 5 'in the installed state in one possible embodiment of the invention, has a continuous lengthwise L running Material section 7 comprises. The boundary of this material section 7 upwards (ie on the opposite side to the lower edge 5 ¹ ) is partially drawn in Figure la and designated by reference numeral 7 '.

In the longitudinal direction L of the carrier web 3, recesses 9 are offset from one another on the opposite longitudinal side 5b, ie of the so-called top or top edge 5 ", incorporated into the material of the carrier web 3. These recesses 9 are preferably approximately triangular or in side view designed trapezoidal or triangular or trapezoidal.

In other words, triangular or trapezoidal or similar carrier webs are thereby produced in the carrier web 3. sections 13 which terminate at the top in so-called support web elevation end sections 13a, which are constructed so as to be coherent over their underlying material section 7, which runs over the length of the support web 3 and is tensioned. The mentioned support web sections 13 are defined in each case by boundary edges 15 which run obliquely toward one another and are connected to one another at their upper side either directly or preferably via a small dimensioned closing edge 17 extending in the longitudinal direction L. The length of these overhead end edges 17 corresponds to the length of the cutting edges 19 running parallel thereto, over which the boundary edges 15 of two successive support web sections 13 are connected to one another at a distance A from the underside or lower edge 5 '.

The support web portions 13, and thus the recesses 9, are preferably provided with a regular, i. constant repetition sequence WF provided.

The mentioned support web sections 13 thus have a partial height TH (FIG. 1f) relative to the total height H of the support web 3 or of the timber support 1, the partial height TH being the height of the support web sections 13 and the distance A being the height of the underside passing through at the underside Material section 7 corresponds. The partial height TH and the height of the distance A then form the total height H of the support web 3. The distance or the height A of the material section 7 should be based on the total height H of the support web 3 at least more than 10%, in particular more than 12, 5%, 15%, 20%, 25% or 30%. Generally, this minimum height A should satisfy the formula A> H / 10, preferably H / 9, H / 8, H / 7, H / 6, H / 5

or> H / 4

In other words, for the part height TH, which corresponds to the height of the recesses 9 or the support web sections 13, TH <H / 2 and preferably <H / 3, H / 4, H / 5, H / 6,

H / 7, H / 8 or <H / 9

In order for the carrier 1 to be able to absorb the high loadings overall, further on the upper longitudinal side or upper side 5 "(ie on the upper edge 5") at least on one side surface 3 'and preferably on both opposite side surfaces 3', 3 "of the support web 3 5d), which is fastened in the region of the so-called support web elevation end sections 13a of the support webs 3. The upper belt 21 is thus attached to the closed longitudinal side 5a of the support its open longitudinal side 5b provided and forms the top or top edge 5 ".

As can be seen from the figures la to le, while the slat height LH1 of the upper belt 21 thus formed has a degree which, for example, one tenth to one third of the total height H of the timber support 1, i. of the supporting web 3 corresponds.

The lath thickness LD1 is preferably chosen stronger than the web thickness D of the support web 3. In the illustrated guiding example, the lath thickness LD1 a measure which corresponds to the thickness D of the support web 3 as the lower limit o- and preferably five times the thickness D of the support web 3.

The mentioned, for example, on both opposite sides 3 ', 3 "of the supporting web 3 attached slats or spars 23 are fixed so that their upper side 23' is preferably aligned with the end edge 17, thus lies in a plane, and that transverse to the plane E of the web, preferably perpendicular to the bank level E.

The recesses 9 mentioned here are furthermore preferably formed such that their boundary edges 15 are preferably aligned at an α, 20 ° and 40 ° angle opposite the longitudinal direction L of the timber carrier. As a result, the compressive and tensile forces are best absorbed. However, these angles can also be chosen differently. The boundary edges 15 are preferably designed such that they run at an angle of between + 30 ° to + 60 ° or -30 ° to -60 ° with respect to the vertical (or horizontal).

For example, a wooden beam formed in this way has a number of advantages over a solid wood beam, which is usually designed in the form of a glued laminated timber beam.

On the one hand, the material consumption in the wood support according to the invention is markedly lower than in the case of a solid wall support, for example a glued laminated timber support according to the prior art. The lower material consumption is realized by the recesses 9 mentioned. which ultimately reduces overall costs.

If such a wooden support 1 described with reference to FIGS. 1 a to 1 e is installed in structures, the recesses 9 offer the advantage that openings are already provided through which conduits and pipes can be laid without complicated bridging until later still need to be made. In addition, the timber support 1 according to the invention is characterized by a comparatively low overall height H and enables a more economical production.

The mentioned support web 3 may consist of veneer layer wood panels (FSH), for example. These veneer layer wood panels may be made of beech or other deciduous or coniferous wood, for example.

Such, with reference to the figures la to le described webs 3 can thereby also produce low, as will be explained later.

The above-mentioned slats 23 or spars 23 can be fixedly connected thereto by means of all suitable measures in the upper region of the carrying web 3 on the side surfaces 3 ', 3 "of said supporting web 3. In other words, the slats 23 or spars 23 (or the lath 23 or spar 23) provided there may be connected to the carrier web 3, for example by means of a plug-in connection, with foreign springs or with screwed connections It is also possible that these slats 23 or bars 23, which subsequently at least partially They are also referred to as plates 23, on which side surfaces 3 ', 3 "of the carrier web 3 are glued in the region of the upper triangular or trapezoidal projecting support web end portions 13a In the quasi-transparent representation according to FIG. 1 d, these triangular or trapezoidal and uppermost supporting web elevation end sections 13 a are indicated, on which the slats 23 or uprights 23 with their inside glued to each other facing surfaces 23 ", for example. In this case, the belts 21 forming slats 23 or spars 23 may consist of all suitable materials. Theoretically, the use of steel strips would be possible. However, the realization of a timber construction is preferred. Therefore, slats 23 or beams 23 are preferably made of, for example, glulam (BSH) or veneer plywood (FSH), for which, for example, conifers or hardwoods can be used.

With reference to FIG. 1f, it is further shown that in the region of the maximum longitudinal extension of the recesses 9 in the height of the slats 23 or spars 23 additional lath-shaped filling lumbers 27 are used whose opposite end faces are provided with edges 28 running obliquely towards one another. These edges 28 are formed at an angle preferably parallel to the corresponding angularly extending boundary edges 15 of the support web sections 13. In length, these filling woods 27 are preferably designed so that they can be inserted into the recesses 9 at a depth such that their upper edge 27a with the upper edge 21 "of the top flange 21 forming slats 23 or spars 23 (ie with the top or outside 23 'of the slats or spars 23) and / or Thus, there is a snug fit in which the edges 28 of the filling lumbers 27, which run obliquely toward one another, rest firmly against the corresponding mutually running boundary edges 15 of a corresponding recess 9. This bears again to increase the introduced in the upper belt 21 maximum compressive forces, whereas the tensile forces on the closed bottom 5a, ie at the lower edge 5 'by the formed therein, extending in the longitudinal direction of the material portion 7 of the support web 3 can be added.

The height of the filling wood 27 preferably corresponds to the height LH1 of the top flange 21. Deviating from the filling wood 27 but may also have a greater height or offset in side view lying to the top flange 21 at the respective opposite edges 28 a recess 9 abut, whereby the opening size The recess 9 would be somewhat reduced, compared with the embodiments shown in the drawings.

In this case, the filling woods 27 have a material thickness which corresponds to the material thickness D of the support web 3. Therefore, they can be easily installed in the distance space between two parallel to each other and on the two outer sides 3 ¹ , 3 "of a supporting web 3 attached slats 23 or spars 23 in the Recesses 9 is formed (which fillets 27, of course, could also have a smaller material thickness than the support web 3, but this gives no advantage).

Reference to the drawings in Figures 2a to 2d is a slightly modified to the preceding embodiments embodiment explained. In the embodiment variant according to FIGS. 2a to 2d, a lower flange 31 is provided in addition to the upper flange 21. In this case, slats 33 or spars 33 are mounted on at least one side surface 3 'or 3 "of the support web 3, but preferably corresponding longitudinal slats 33 or spars 33 on both opposite side surfaces 3', 3" of the support web 3.

These slats 33 or spars 33 can have both a slat height LH2 and a slat thickness LD2 which, for example, is of the order of magnitude of the material thickness D of the support web 3. In other words, the height LH2 and the thickness LD2 of these additionally provided laths 33 or spars 33 may be smaller than the height LH1 and thickness LD1 of the slats 23 and spars 23 of the upper flange 21. For the tensile forces occurring in the region of this lower flange 31 thus formed (If a corresponding support is installed) are to a large extent already by the continuous material portion 7, so by the support web 3 itself in the region of its lower edge 5 '(underside 5') added, so that here the additional slats 33 or spars 33 are necessary only for reinforcement. The upper chords 21 in the form of the slats 23 or spars 23 serve in contrast alone, optionally only below additional insertion of the mentioned filling wood 27, to absorb the pressure forces.

Of course, in this embodiment as well, the filling lumbers 27, which are additionally explained on the basis of the preceding exemplary embodiment, can also be provided.

On the basis of figures 3a to 3d a comparison with the figures la to le modified embodiment is shown, in which next to the support web 3 in the correspondingly explained embodiment and the two forming the top flange 21, longitudinal slats 23 or spars 23, still at the opposite end sides 3a, 3b transversely to the longitudinal direction L extending, ie In the embodiment shown, extending end woods 35 are provided perpendicular to the longitudinal direction L. These end timbers 35 preferably have a length extending transversely to the longitudinal direction L of the timber support, which corresponds together with the height LH1 of the slats 23 or of the slats 23 forming the upper flange 21 to the total height H of the timber support 1.

These connection woods 35 may be provided again in a suitable dimensioning. Preferably, this dimensioning corresponds to the slats 33 or spars 33 described with reference to the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 2 a to 2 d, which can be used for the lower flange 31 in this exemplary embodiment. Also in this embodiment can - as reproduced in an exploded view with reference to Figure 3e - in addition still mentioned and described filling sticks 27 are used to even higher, im Area of the upper flange 21 to absorb pressure forces occurring.

A variant is shown with reference to FIGS. 4a to 4f, in which both the slats 33 or spars 33 forming the lower flange 31 according to the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 2a to 2d and the slat-shaped end timbers 35 according to the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 3a to 3e are provided.

Here, the transverse to the upper and lower chord 21, 31 (ie generally to the generally rectangular or square cross-section having wood) extending end pieces 35 between the upper and lower battens 23, 33 attached to the respective side surface of the support web 3, ie firmly connected to the support web 3.

In this case, the embodiment according to FIGS. 4 a to 4 e shows that the thickness LD 2 of the slats 33 or spars 33 (sometimes also called plates 23) of the lower chords 31 preferably corresponds to the thickness of the end timbers 35. The width of the end timbers 35 may be greater than their thickness.

The further exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 5a to 5d corresponds in principle and in terms of the functional structure to the embodiment according to FIGS. 4a to 4e. In contrast to the preceding exemplary embodiments, it is merely that the two slats, spars or plates 23 shown in the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 4 a to 4 e, which are fastened to the carrier web 3 in a suitable manner on the upper side of the carrier web 3. are bound and form the aforementioned top flange 21, now as a one-piece beam 23 (for example in the form of a one-piece spar or one-piece post 23) are formed. These one-piece bars are also referred to below by the reference numeral 123.

In the above-mentioned one-piece beam 23, 123 recesses 123 a are then incorporated, with a repetition sequence WF corresponding to the repetition sequence of the triangular or trapezoidal support sections 13. The recesses in side view in the central region of the one-piece bar 23, 1234 or the one-piece beam 23, 123 are incorporated with a shape from bottom to top, the triangular or trapezoidal shape of the bottom edge 5 'opposite the furthest protruding Support web elevation end portion 13a corresponds. As a result, the one-piece beam 23, 123 forming the upper flange 21 shown in FIGS. 5a-ff can be placed on the upwardly projecting tips or support land end portions 13a, such that these projecting and upwardly tapered support web riser end portions 13a in the mentioned recesses 123a of the one-piece beam 23, 123 can engage. The dimensions are such that the terminating edge 17 between the two convergent boundary edges 15 of a corresponding carrier web section 13 of the carrier web 3 is preferably aligned with the top edge 21 "of the top flange 21, ie, it comes to rest here in a common plane FIG. 5f also shows that the one-piece beam 23, 123 provided above, forming the upper flange 21, is at its opposite end End sides has an enlarged recess 123 'a, since the end pieces 103 of the support web 3 are slightly extended in the longitudinal direction L, so that compared to the other overhead, parallel to the longitudinal direction L running closing edges 17 slightly elongated end edges 11' form, in the corresponding recess 23 'a of the overhead Holmes 23 engage in the assembled state. The bottom flange 31 and / or the end timbers 35 explained with reference to the other exemplary embodiments can also be provided or provided only partially in this exemplary embodiment, as has been explained in principle with reference to the other exemplary embodiments. In other words, the further illustrated exemplary embodiments can also be designed such that they use the one-piece spar 23, 123 as the upper flange 21. The filling lumbers 27 or the end timbers 35 as well as the lower flange 31 thus do not necessarily have to be provided deviating from the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 5a to 5f.

The exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 5 a to 5 d corresponds in its final form to that exemplary embodiment, as shown with reference to FIG. 4 a. Instead of the two slats 23 or uprights 23 forming the top chord 21 and the filling wood 27 additionally shown with reference to FIG. 4e, a one-piece top chord 21 is now used in the variant according to FIGS. 5a to 5d, which from its function and optionally its dimensioning is used two slats 23 and Holme 23 according to Figure 4e and the filling wood 27 additionally used in Figure 4e corresponds. The exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 6a to 6d basically corresponds to the first exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 1a to 1e. Deviating from this, however, in the case of a variant according to FIGS. 6a to 6d, the parallel binder is not shown without elevation, but rather with a slight elevation. That is, the Parellelbinder has a top flange 21 which is slightly convexly bent upwards. When installed, this can lead to a slight deformation at correspondingly high loads, so that the Parellelbinder is installed more or less exactly running straight.

In the following, reference will be made to an exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 7a to 7d. It is ultimately an embodiment, as it was discussed with reference to the figures la to le. The difference to the first-mentioned illustrated embodiment is that the wood beam is shown aligned rotated by 180 °, so that now the functional components of the upper flange 21 and the lower flange 31 are reversed.

In other words, in the exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 7a to 7d, the lower flange 31 is formed by two bars 23 or slats 23, which are preferably glued to the free tips of the carrier bar 3, that is to say on the open longitudinal side 5b of the carrier, namely on both opposite sides 3 ', 3 "of the web. 3

The continuous material section 7 on the timber support 1 on the closed longitudinal side 5a is now up and thus forms the upper flange 21. Now so is the Upper belt 21 part of the support web 3, wherein the material portion 7 is subjected to pressure, whereas the bottom lying glued slats 23 or spars 23 form the claimed to train bottom chord 31.

Also in the illustrated exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 7a to 7d, one or preferably two opposite slats 33 or spars 33 glued laterally or otherwise connected to the carrier web 3 can now additionally be attached to the upper belt. Likewise, at the beginning 3a and at the end 3b of the timber support 1, the end woods 36 in question may be provided, in addition to the slats 33 or spars 33 or alternatively. The additionally usable and explained with reference to various embodiments Füllhölzer 27 may be provided in addition to the lower leg 31, unless - which is preferred - a lower flange is used, as in the embodiment of Figures 5a to 5d as a one-piece beam 23rd , 123 is inserted in the region of the formed on the support member tips.

In other words, all embodiments described above as described below can also be installed in reverse, so that the upper flange 21 and lower flange 31 - as explained with reference to FIGS 7a to 7d - come to lie interchanged with the other embodiments. In the following, reference will be made to the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 8a to 8d. This embodiment differs from previous embodiments in that the laterally, ie preferably on the two opposite sides 3 ', 3 "mounted on the actual support web 3, preferably glued slats or strips 23 are not formed as rectangular slats or strips (in Thus, the sides of the slats or slats 23 are made of or comprise elements 223 milled or cut out of wood-based panels, and these slab-shaped elements 223 likewise have a straight upward pointing edge End edge 5 "or 223a and a downwardly facing rack or zig-zag cut-out end edge 223b, which thus points downwards in the direction of the actual support web 3. The zigzag or rack-shaped elevations or depressions are likewise formed again with a repetition sequence F, which corresponds to the repetition sequence WF of the carrier web sections 13 or the carrier web tips or elevation ends 13a or the recesses 9 formed therebetween. This results in a lateral overlap between the preferred two Obergurtplatten 123 in the region of the projecting tips 23c, which cover the aligned in the opposite direction survey ends or elevation tips 13a of the support web 3. Even with these embodiments explained last, vertically extending terminations or shaped pieces 51 can preferably be inserted running vertically to the longitudinal direction L of the timber carrier at the carrier ends 3a, 3b which are opposite in the longitudinal direction L, in particular when the carrier web is here does not end with a full-surface section with its total height h.

The variant according to FIGS. 8a to 8d thus results in a honeycomb-shaped carrier structure.

FIGS. 9a to 9d show an embodiment slightly modified relative to FIGS. 8a to 8d. In this case, the upper flange 21 is formed from a milled or cut one-piece plate 23, 123, the thickness of the plate preferably corresponds to the thickness D or the thickness D of the support web 3. In this case, in the above elevations or tips 23c of the upper flange 21 forming plate 23, 123 recesses 23e incorporated, which correspond to the elevation end portions 13a of the support web 3 in their shape and dimensioning. The support bar 3 can be firmly connected to the corresponding plate 23, 123 preferably by gluing. As mentioned, again shaped pieces 51 are inserted at the opposite carrier ends 3a, 3b and connected to the wooden carrier 3 and the plate 23, 123, preferably glued. This, in turn, results in a honeycomb structure. Also in these illustrated embodiments, the explained with reference to other embodiments dimension information is preferably realized. In other words, the exemplary embodiments explained with reference to FIGS. 8a to 8d as well as with reference to FIGS. 9a to 9d should also comprise a plate 23, 123 whose minimum height extent PH at the thinnest point has a value which is preferably .H / 10, in particular ^ H / 9, H / 8, H / 7, ... H / 5 or at least H / 4. Also in these embodiments, as in the other illustrated embodiments, additional lateral slats 23, 33 or spars 23, 33 are attached to the upper and / or lower flange 21, 23 with. Also, the last-mentioned two embodiments can be installed rotated by swapping the upper and lower belt 21, 31 by 180 °, as was also explained with reference to the other embodiments.

In the following, brief reference will be made to specific modified embodiments.

By way of example, a corresponding construction in the form of a gable roof carrier is shown with reference to FIGS. 10a to 10d. The timber beam 1 in the form of saddle roof support is here provided with slats or spars 23, the

- As explained with reference to the other embodiments

- Can be attached to the support web 3. Additional slats 33 or spars 33 on the lower flange 31 and / or end sleeve

At the carrier ends 3a, 3b, as in all exemplary embodiments, they can be additionally provided here as well.

The variant according to FIGS. 11a to 11d describes a pent roof carrier, here likewise with a double-sided BSH / FSH upper belt.

The variant according to FIGS. 12a to 12d is an arch support (here also with a conical BSH / FSH top flange) and, in the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 13a to 13d, a design which is rotated by 180.degree is referred to as Fischbauträger, in the illustrated embodiment then with side BSH / FSH lower flange. Structurally, the two wooden beams according to FIGS. 12a to 12d and 13a to 13d are otherwise identical. A corresponding support web 3, as has been shown in the preceding exemplary embodiments, can be produced, for example, with little material consumption from a wood panel 43, as is reproduced, for example in FIG. 14a, in excerpts in a side view (the support shown in FIG. 14a being shown in section and FIG is formed extended right above the dividing line shown).

From this type of rectangular wooden plate 43, according to the milling line 41 (FIG. 14a), two rack or zigzag-shaped individual plates 43a, 43b can be produced with a suitable milling tool, which correspond to the support web 3 in terms of their shape, as described with reference to the preceding embodiment Examples was explained. In this case, in an enlarged detail representation according to FIG. 14b, the milling or cutting curve 41 is shown enlarged, specifically in the region of an end edge 17 formed in this way, which connects two boundary edges 15 running towards each other. The measure of the size X in FIG. 6b therefore corresponds to the diameter of the milling cutter.

In the variant according to FIG. 14a, a wooden plate area provided with the reference numeral 45 has been cut out at an end area of the wood panel 43 used as a starting point, whereby two finally manufactured identical pieces of wood panels corresponding to the respective support bar 3 can be obtained. However, it would also be possible to provide a final sawing edge in the end area along the dash-dotted line 51 in the case of the wood panel 43 shown in FIG. 14a. Then the supporting webs 3 thus produced would have that shape in the region of their opposite end sections 3a, 3b, as explained with reference to FIGS. 1a to 9d. From the explanation it thus follows that the carrier web plates 3 can be cut out of a common wood plate 43 representing the starting point or milled out, for example, by means of a CNC machine. At one end, a fitting 51 can be attached.

The mentioned plates 43 for the support webs 3 are preferably made of longitudinal and as required from transverse veneers. As explained above, the straps 21, 31 attached to the upper or lower and lower ends can be glued to the opposite side surfaces 3 ', 3 "of the support web 3 or connected by means of a plug-in connection, foreign spring or by screwing 23, 123 or a one-piece plate 223, which is placed on the tips of the elevation end portions 13a and glued, screwed or fixed eg in a lateral attachment of the straps 21, 31 by gluing two slats, spars or plates 23rd or two slats, spars or plates 33 may, depending on static requirements, a filling wood 27 between the Slats 23 or Holmen 33 or plates 26 are frictionally glued in the region of the recesses 9 in the support web 3, whereby even higher compressive forces in the region of the upper flange 21 can be added. Likewise, at the support ends 3a, 3b for reinforcement nor the mentioned end timbers are attached.

Such a binder explained, i. In the context of the invention, a wooden beam 1 shown with the aid of the exemplary embodiments can have a height H of, for example, up to 2.5 m and a length of up to 36 m and even more. From this, too, it becomes clear that it is possible to construct widely tensioned supporting structures and / or halls with comparatively little economic effort by means of such a carrier 1.

In particular, in the bonding or connection of the individual components, i. the top or the bottom chord 21, 31 forming slats, spars or plates 23, 123 of the filling wood 27, the end wood 35 can be realized comparatively easily an elevation. The cant can be calculated so that the corresponding timber support 1 is installed in the installed state due to its own weight and the weights to be borne by him ultimately in exactly horizontal and / or straight alignment.

The mentioned timber support 1 can also be treated so that it complies with the fire protection regulations.

Thus, in the context of the invention, the straps 21, 31 and the supporting web 3 are also dimensioned so that they take into account, for example, the burning rate SO according to meet the (fire resistance class F30) and more.

The mentioned support web 3 may likewise consist of veneer layer wood panels (FSH). In these web plates impregnation of the veneers with salts is possible, which allows a classification in Bl according to DIN standard 4102 or B-S2-d0 according to the EN standard 13501 (flame retardant).

Alternatively, a fire protection coating or a fire protection cladding is also possible, so that the mentioned timber beams 1 (binder) can be classified with respect to the fire protection provisions according to F30 or higher.

For the sake of completeness, it will be mentioned that the beginning and end 3a, 3b of the timber beam 1 can be chosen differently. In other words, the recesses 9 need not be formed almost to the leading and trailing end of the carrier 1. There may also be provided longer closed board areas, as shown for example in the embodiment of Figures 6a to 6d for the right part of the carrier 1. This example also shows that ends at the opposite end of the carrier 1 in the region of its recess and there a mold 51 is introduced. So here are any modifications possible.

Claims

Claims;

Wooden beams with the following characteristics

the wooden girder (1) comprises a plate-shaped supporting web (3) extending in the longitudinal direction (L) of the wooden girder (1)

in the support web (3) in the longitudinal direction (L) mutually offset recesses (9) are incorporated, of the thus formed open longitudinal side (5b) of the support web (3) in a partial height (TH) in the direction of the opposite closed longitudinal side ( 5a) each extend,

by lying in the longitudinal direction (L) of the support web (3) mutually offset recesses (9) are interposed, in the longitudinal direction (L) of the support web (3) offset from each other supporting web portions (13) formed on the closed longitudinal side (5a ) of the support web (3) opposite open longitudinal side (5b) in survey end portions (13a) terminate,

the recesses (9) extend only over a partial height (TH) of the support web (3) and terminate at a distance (A) in front of the closed longitudinal side (5a) of the support web (3), adjacent to the closed longitudinal side (5a) of the support web (3) in the distance region (A) in the longitudinal direction (L) of the support web (3) continuous material portion (7) is formed,

- On the closed longitudinal side (5a) opposite the open longitudinal side (5b) of the support web (3) an upper flange (21) or a lower flange (31) is formed or attached, and

The upper or lower belt (21, 31) consisting of at least one lath, a spar or a plate (23, 123, 223) is arranged on the opposite side surfaces (3, 3, 3) in the region of the upwardly or downwardly directed elevation end sections (13a) ") of the support web (3) and / or on a portion of the boundary edges (15) and / or the boundary edges (15) and between the boundary edges (15) formed end edge (17) in the region of the Erhebungsendabschnitte (13a) of the support web (3) attached.

2. Wooden support according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper flange (21) of a on its side surfaces (3 ¹ , 3 ") of the support web (3) fixed bar (23; 123; 223) or spar (23; 123; 223 ) or plates (23; 123; 223) or of two slats, spars or slats fastened to the two opposite side surfaces (3 ¹ , 3 ") of the carrier web (3) at the height of the survey end sections (13a) of the carrier web sections (13) Plates (23; 123; 223).

3. timber support according to claim 2, characterized in that in the region of the recesses (9) between two successive support web sections (13), preferably lying away to the lower edge (5 ') in the longitudinal direction (L) of the carrier (1) extending filling woods (27) are inserted, the opposite oblique end faces (28) on the corresponding obliquely extending boundary edges (15) two successive supporting web sections (13) rest.

4. timber support according to claim 3, characterized in that the filling wood (27) latten-, web or bar-shaped are designed and the recesses (9) limit the support web (3) upwards.

5. wooden beam according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper flange (21) in one piece and in the manner of a spar, post or beam (123, 223) is formed, in this one-piece upper flange (23) in the longitudinal direction (L) of the timber carrier ( 1) offset recesses (123a) are incorporated whose shape and dimension correspond to the elevation end portions (13a) of the support web sections (13) inserted in these plug openings (123a) and in these plug recesses (123a) with the one-piece spar , Posts or beams (123, 223) are connected.

6. timber support according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the recesses (9) in the support web

(3) and / or in the longitudinal direction (L) offset from each other formed support web portions (13) triangular or trapezoidal or triangular or trapezoidal similar in side view are formed.

7. timber beam according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the support web sections (13) by limiting edges (15) are defined, which leads to the ge closed longitudinal side (5a) begin to lie horizontally and end to the closed longitudinal side (5a) lying away and thereby run towards each other, preferably in side view triangular or trapezoidal or similar.

8. timber carrier according to claim 7, characterized in that the boundary edges (15) at its lower edge (5a) remote survey end portion (13a) meet or to form a trapezoidal shape over a parallel to the longitudinal direction (L) of the timber carrier extending end edge ( 17) are interconnected.

9. timber support according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that each two successive carrying web sections (13) in its the lower edge (5 ¹ ) closest area over a parallel to the longitudinal direction (L) of the timber support (1) running Schnittkan- te (19) are connected.

10. timber carrier according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that in addition to the upper flange (21) and a lower flange (31) is provided, the at least one and preferably two on the opposite side surfaces (3 ¹ , 3 ") of the support web ( 3) with this firmly connected slats (33) or spars (33) or plates (33).

11. timber support according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that further at the leading and the returning end face (3a, 3b) of the support web (3) at least on one side surface (3 ¹ , 3 ") or preferably at both side surfaces (3 ¹ , 3 ") each a end timber (35) with the support web (3) is firmly connected.

12. Wooden support according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the supporting web (3) consists of laminated veneer lumber panels.

13. Wooden support according to one of claims 1 to 12, character- ized in that the upper flange (21), the lower flange (31), the filling wood (27) and / or the end timbers (35) consist of laminated veneer lumber panels.

14. Wooden support according to one of claims 1 to 13, character- ized in that the supporting web (3) with the

Upper belt (21) and / or the lower flange (31) and / or with the filling timbers (27) and / or the end timbers (35) by means of a connector, by means of foreign springs, by means of a screw, by means of adhesive or glue is firmly connected.

15. timber support according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the closed longitudinal side (5a) of the support web (3) below and the open longitudinal side (5b) of the support web (3) on which at least one lath, a spar or a Beam (23, 123, 223) is attached to form the upper belt (21), is above.

16. Wooden support according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the closed longitudinal side

(5a) above and the open longitudinal side (5b), to which at least one lath, a spar or a beam (23, 123; 223) is attached to form the lower flange (31), lies below.

17. Wooden support according to one of claims 1 to 16, character- ized in that the wooden support (1) extends straight, is designed as a parallel binder with or without elevation, as a conical binder, saddle roof binder, as a bow tie or as Fischbauchbinder.

18. timber beam according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the continuous material portion (7) has a minimum height (A), which based on the total height (H) of the support web (1) satisfies the following inequality:

A> H / 10, preferably H / 9, H / 8, H / 7, H / 6, H / 5

or> H / 4

19. Wooden support according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the part height (TH), i. the height of the support web sections based on the total height (H) of the support web (1) satisfies the following inequality:

TH <H / 2 and preferably <H / 3, H / 4, H / 5, H / 6,

H / 7, H / 8 or <H / 9