EP3074998A2 - Erdungsschalter für bahnstromanlagen und verfahren zum erden eines teils einer bahnstromanlage mittels eines erdungsschalters - Google Patents
Erdungsschalter für bahnstromanlagen und verfahren zum erden eines teils einer bahnstromanlage mittels eines erdungsschaltersInfo
- Publication number
- EP3074998A2 EP3074998A2 EP15700853.3A EP15700853A EP3074998A2 EP 3074998 A2 EP3074998 A2 EP 3074998A2 EP 15700853 A EP15700853 A EP 15700853A EP 3074998 A2 EP3074998 A2 EP 3074998A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- earthing switch
- switch
- earthing
- circuit
- short
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- SBYXRAKIOMOBFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tungsten Chemical compound [Cu].[W] SBYXRAKIOMOBFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001080 W alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002847 impedance measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H31/00—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H31/003—Earthing switches
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H31/00—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H31/26—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means with movable contact that remains electrically connected to one line in open position of switch
- H01H31/28—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means with movable contact that remains electrically connected to one line in open position of switch with angularly-movable contact
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/02—Details
- H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
- H01H33/045—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts for arcs formed during closing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/02—Details
- H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
- H01H33/20—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using arcing horns
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/02—Details
- H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
- H01H33/12—Auxiliary contacts on to which the arc is transferred from the main contacts
- H01H33/121—Load break switches
- H01H33/125—Load break switches comprising a separate circuit breaker
Definitions
- Earthing switches are special switching devices that in the simplest case connect an electrical line to ground and thus establish a safe state.
- earthing switches are mainly used in halls and factories and automated grounding systems for tunnel rescue.
- An automated grounding system is known, for example, from the SBB CFF FFS Specifications Manual of 18 April 2012 on page 5.
- Earthing switch 8WL6144-1A for AC 25 kV traction current systems of Siemens AG, known from “ProductInformation / Version 1.2.0 / No. A6Z00029955871 "from 2013 on page 3, is a grounding switch for railway power plants having a first main contact and a movable second main contact, the movable second main contact being movable away from the first main contact to establish an air gap
- the earthing switch 8WL6144-1A is a grounding switch whose design is only then closed and thus produces a grounded state if the catenary was previously switched off, secured against being switched on again and tested for absence of voltage These measures prevent the earthing switch from switching to a short circuit - which would damage or destroy it.
- Earthing switches which are used for AC and DC traction power supply and are to be connected to a live line, must, in contrast to the known earthing switch 8WL6144-1A, be short-circuited. These switches are characterized today primarily by the fact that the switching blade enters the contact at a high speed and thus in connection with the preheating an inlet into the contact at a low instantaneous value of
- Examples are z. B. switches of the series FES 3-20-1 B Fa. Driescher.
- the rapid entry or the rapid closing of the main contacts results in the known effect of the current increase, because the closing process must remain in the time range of the lower portion of the current rise, so as not to be hindered by the current forces at the inlet of the switch blade.
- the switches mentioned are compared to the switch series
- a earthing switch for traction current systems having a first main contact and a movable second main contact, the movable second main contact being movable away from the first main contact for producing an air gap, characterized in that the main contacts comprise a pre-ignition arrangement. which is suitable for a short-circuit closing of the earthing switch.
- Closing movement / switch-on movement ensures that the pre-ignition arrangement triggers the short-circuit as a "victim element".
- the Vorzündanowski can easily be repaired depending on the wear, which offers cost advantages in terms of operation and maintenance of the earthing switch.
- the earthing switch is comparatively simple in design, uses the same platform concept for existing disconnectors and earthing switches and is inexpensive to manufacture. During operation, the earthing switch is particularly low maintenance because it is not damaged or destroyed in the event of a short circuit (in emergency situations).
- the earthing switch according to the invention is suitable for applications in both DC and AC operation.
- the pre-ignition arrangement is arranged above the main contacts. This is advantageous because a protection of the main contacts is ensured because the main contacts are not in the range of thermal buoyancy occurring
- Arc column lie. This ensures via the minimum principle of the arc, that its bases always on the appropriate, provided for this purpose tips Vorzundanaku.
- the preheating arrangement has a pre-ignition device for each main contact.
- the Vorzünd raised only occurs at the pre-ignition devices provided for this purpose.
- the pre-ignition devices are designed as pre-ignition horns. This is advantageous because pre-ignition horns are designed and designed only for short circuit switching. This pre-ignition horns are well designed for the loads acting and especially suitable for use with earthing switches.
- the pre-ignition horns are mounted essentially in horizontal alignment and assigned to the respective main contact. This is an advantage because arcing in this way occurs only in the area of the pre-ignition horns.
- the pre-ignition devices are designed as arcing horns.
- arcing horns when used with circuit breakers, schaltstrombelastiana have long been known and tested.
- the use of arcing horns is particularly useful if a short-circuit withstand voltage is required for load-break switches. A high breaking current capacity can not be afforded by the pre-ignition horns in comparison, so that this embodiment is particularly suitable for earthing switches with a particularly high short-circuit resistance.
- the arc horns are mounted substantially in vertical alignment and associated with the respective main contact. This is an advantage because arcs are created exclusively in the area of the arcing horns.
- the earthing switch is suitable for making a short-circuit closing several times.
- a grounding switch according to the invention can withstand single or multiple switching on of a short circuit, which is an advantage over known earthing switches, which are usually damaged by short-circuit closing.
- the grounding switch according to the invention is therefore particularly low maintenance and short-circuit protection.
- the turn-on speed of the earthing switch is selected such that a short circuit with arcing at the Vorzündan eleven by means of a power switch assigned to the earthing switch in the traction current switch can be seen and switched off before the
- circuit breakers present in a traction current network can detect a short circuit, as it exists at the pre-ignition arrangement when an arc occurs. The circuit breakers would then break the short circuit accordingly, so that when
- Circuit breakers as well as special high-speed switches, are generally capable of maintaining a tripping and power-off time of typically less than 100 ms. A current load of the main contacts of the earthing switch would therefore only occur in the event of a switching failure of the power circuit breakers. If a switching failure of a circuit breaker occurs, a backup protection is activated. In the substations, this usually causes the circuit breaker to trip on the input side. Although their switching times are only 20 ms, the total current flow time can be extended by further processing or transfer times. These errors are to be set for an already unlikely event of a KurzBankeinsciens by the earthing switch with an extremely low probability and play little role in everyday life. In the DC voltage range are shutdown times for high
- the turn-off time of a power circuit-breaker depends not only on the current amplitude but also on the direction of current flow, the current increase and the measured loop impedance. These additional measurement processing algorithms will be but effective only for lower amplitudes. Otherwise, the short circuit with high amplitudes would cause greater damage.
- the aim of the impedance measurements is the safe short-circuit detection in the entire associated switching group, also for lower short-circuit currents and the distinctiveness of high operating currents.
- These impedance stages generally entail between 20 and 30 ms delay time, so that the short-circuit current flow duration up to max. 100 ms (20 ms to 60 ms + 30 ms).
- the earthing switch is therefore designed in this embodiment that its closing speed is relatively slow so that a corresponding arc is already safely shut down by a circuit breaker before the main contacts close. Closing of the main contacts is preferably achieved after about 200 to 250 ms. It is therefore essential for this embodiment, the combination of the properties of the earthing switch according to the invention with the properties of common circuit breakers.
- Another advantage is that when replacing the Abbrandmaschine no readjustment of the entire Vorzündanowski must be done, which saves time and costs in maintenance. Furthermore, the technical availability of the catenary system is increased.
- the burn-off elements have an internal thread and can be attached to the pre-ignition arrangement in the manner of a screw connection.
- a screw connection is advantageous in that on the one hand a long-term secure locking of the Abbrandele- ment is ensured on the Vorzündanowski extract by the screw and on the other hand, the Abbrandelement can be easily replaced.
- the length of the burn-off elements is dimensioned according to an expected short-circuit turn-on frequency of the grounding switch. This is an advantage because depending on customer or project requirements with respect to the switching frequency of Vorzündanowski note a Abbrandelement suitable length can be selected to comply, for example, a predetermined maintenance interval even with heavy use of Abbrandemia without additional maintenance.
- the burn-off elements comprise as material a dispersion-hardened copper material. This is an advantage because it can optimize the switching off of operating currents.
- the Abbrandelemnte from dispersion-strengthened copper material have compared to pure copper on a higher temperature and thus arc resistance, resulting in a longer usability of the Vorzündanix without maintenance costs. Another advantage is that the Abbrandieri of dispersion strengthened copper material compared to known tips made of tungsten are also priced significantly cheaper in purchasing.
- This material is powder metallurgically by reaction times;
- CEP DISCOP high-performance copper materials from Compound Extrusion Products GmbH in Freiberg are known (application brochure 09/09).
- the use of this refractory material is advantageous because it reduces the frequency of maintenance of the consumable elements.
- dispersion-strengthened copper material is furthermore advantageous in that it is characterized by high wear resistance and high temperature resistance.
- Copper materials are dispersion-hardened copper materials, which in particular have a substantially reduced hardness at 20 ° C. after cooling only when the dispersion-strengthened copper material was previously heated to above 800 ° C. for 1 hour.
- Such a dispersion-hardened copper material with a particularly high heat resistance is known, for example, from the alloys CEP DISCOP C3 / 11 and C3 / 80 from Compound Extrusion Products GmbH in Freiburg (application brochure 09/09).
- the dispersion-hardened copper material is suitable for machining. This is an advantage because such dispersion strengthened copper materials are excellent are machinable and can be formed by short and uniform chip formation. Known tungsten copper materials, by comparison, can not be machined due to their hardness. The machinability of the dispersion-strengthened copper materials allows, for example, in the production process, the formation of a cavity and possibly an internal thread in order to attach the Abbrandelement later detachable can. Furthermore, the subject of the present invention is a method for grounding a part of a traction current system by means of a grounding switch according to one of the preceding claims, comprising the steps:
- the short circuit is switched off by existing in the traction current circuit breaker, so that the main contacts of the earthing switch are de-energized before their contact.
- FIG. 2 shows an example of a traction current system with power and grounding switches.
- FIG. 1 shows a grounding switch 1 for traction current systems with a first main contact 3 and a movable second main contact 4.
- the main contact 3 is at a Rod 9 spaced from a base plate 8 of the earthing switch 1.
- a pre-ignition horn 5 is arranged which points in a substantially horizontal orientation towards the second main contact 4.
- the movable second main contact 4 is arranged on a second rod 11 with an insulator element 7 and can be moved away from the first main contact 3 to produce an air gap by tilting it over a tilting joint 10. The tilting movement is carried out via a drive, not shown, which acts on a lever 11 to the second rod 11.
- a Vorzündhorn 5 is arranged, which points in a substantially horizontal orientation to the first main contact 3 out.
- the two pre-ignition horns 5, 6 together form the pre-ignition arrangement 5, 6 of the grounding switch 1.
- Air gap between the main contacts 3,4 and the Vorzünd- horns 5,6 is formed.
- the earthing switch 1 is turned off in this state.
- An existing arc typically causes an associated circuit breaker (not shown) to detect the short circuit and quickly shut down.
- an existing arc between the pre-ignition horns 5, 6 is already extinguished before the grounding switch 1 reaches the closed state of the main contacts 3, 4 shown in FIG. 1c.
- An induced by the arc wear is So only in the area of the pre-ignition horns 5.6 to be expected, so that after a multiple stress by Kurz practitionereinscigenen the earthing switch 1, only the Vorzünd stealner must be replaced, which can be comparatively cost-effective and quickly performed.
- FIG. 2 shows a traction current system 20 with a first contact line 21, which is associated with a first track, and a second contact line 22, which is assigned to a second track.
- the railway line is thus passable on both sides.
- the two catenary lines 20,21 are each fed in sections by a substation 34, each having power or quick switch 36 for feeding a supply section of a catenary. Between performance or
- One of the substations 35 has a data processing center 15 and is set up to exchange measurement data on the state of the electric traction current network and of the feed sections with the other substations 4 via communication lines 33.
- All substations 34, 35 are connected via communication lines 33 to a communications network 32 which is connected to a higher-level control center, such as a Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system 31.
- SCADA Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition
- the power or quick switches 36 must detect a short circuit on the basis of their own assigned protection and switch off the voltage. An entrainment circuit of one or more earthing switches 39 to one or more power circuit breakers 36 is not existent and necessary. Switches for which the short-circuit switching function is required must be designed differently. Characteristic of this switch is a kind of snap-action or quick-switching function to achieve a rapid contact movement. Constructive solutions are shown above switch type FES 3-20-1 B of the company Driescher. If a circuit breaker without such design requirements is used for requirements after short-circuit closing, the contact is usually thermally overloaded and destroyed.
- the earthing switch 39 offers a comparatively simply constructed solution which is inexpensive to manufacture and requires little maintenance.
Landscapes
- Gas-Insulated Switchgears (AREA)
- Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
- Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102014201809.9A DE102014201809A1 (de) | 2014-01-31 | 2014-01-31 | Erdungsschalter für Bahnstromanlagen und Verfahren zum Erden eines Teils einer Bahnstromanlage mittels eines Erdungsschalters |
PCT/EP2015/050302 WO2015113794A2 (de) | 2014-01-31 | 2015-01-09 | Erdungsschalter für bahnstromanlagen und verfahren zum erden eines teils einer bahnstromanlage mittels eines erdungsschalters |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3074998A2 true EP3074998A2 (de) | 2016-10-05 |
EP3074998B1 EP3074998B1 (de) | 2019-11-27 |
Family
ID=52394235
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP15700853.3A Active EP3074998B1 (de) | 2014-01-31 | 2015-01-09 | Erdungsschalter für bahnstromanlagen und verfahren zum erden eines teils einer bahnstromanlage mittels eines erdungsschalters |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3074998B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN206274500U (de) |
DE (1) | DE102014201809A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2015113794A2 (de) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111276358B (zh) * | 2020-02-28 | 2021-11-02 | 许海青 | 一种电力隔离开关自动控制装置 |
CN111986949A (zh) * | 2020-07-22 | 2020-11-24 | 国网内蒙古东部电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | 隔离负荷开关 |
CN113391198B (zh) * | 2021-05-24 | 2022-03-22 | 浙江方圆电气设备检测有限公司 | 磁保持继电器额定短路接通能力试验装置及其试验方法 |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3052786A (en) * | 1959-12-17 | 1962-09-04 | Mc Graw Edison Co | Electrical switch |
CH536023A (fr) * | 1971-11-12 | 1973-04-15 | Gardy Particip App | Appareil électrique destiné à établir une connexion |
DE3132123A1 (de) * | 1981-08-11 | 1983-03-03 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Ein- oder mehrpoliger schalter fuer gekapselte, druckgasisolierte hochspannungsschaltanlagen |
AT376058B (de) * | 1983-02-03 | 1984-10-10 | Siemens Ag Oesterreich | Hoernerschalter |
DE3526709A1 (de) * | 1985-07-23 | 1987-01-29 | Siemens Ag | Ein- oder mehrpoliger schalter fuer gekapselte, druckgasisolierte hochspannungsschaltanlagen |
BE1002075A6 (fr) * | 1988-06-29 | 1990-06-19 | Centre Rech Metallurgique | Materiau composite a base de cuivre pour contacts electriques fortement sollicites, procedes de fabrication de ce materiau et organes de contact s'en composant. |
DE9418935U1 (de) * | 1994-11-25 | 1995-02-02 | VOGL ELECTRONIC GmbH, 94315 Straubing | Steuersystem |
DE19949493A1 (de) * | 1999-10-14 | 2001-04-19 | Abb Patent Gmbh | Erdungsschalter |
JP4032012B2 (ja) * | 2003-06-20 | 2008-01-16 | 関西電力株式会社 | アーキングホーン金具およびその取付構造 |
JP4993595B2 (ja) * | 2007-07-24 | 2012-08-08 | 中国電力株式会社 | アークホーン |
-
2014
- 2014-01-31 DE DE102014201809.9A patent/DE102014201809A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2015
- 2015-01-09 CN CN201590000244.8U patent/CN206274500U/zh active Active
- 2015-01-09 WO PCT/EP2015/050302 patent/WO2015113794A2/de active Application Filing
- 2015-01-09 EP EP15700853.3A patent/EP3074998B1/de active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2015113794A2 (de) | 2015-08-06 |
DE102014201809A1 (de) | 2015-08-06 |
WO2015113794A3 (de) | 2015-10-08 |
EP3074998B1 (de) | 2019-11-27 |
CN206274500U (zh) | 2017-06-23 |
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