EP3074690A1 - Caisse autoporteuse pour l'isolation thermique d'une cuve de stockage d'un fluide - Google Patents
Caisse autoporteuse pour l'isolation thermique d'une cuve de stockage d'un fluideInfo
- Publication number
- EP3074690A1 EP3074690A1 EP14809468.3A EP14809468A EP3074690A1 EP 3074690 A1 EP3074690 A1 EP 3074690A1 EP 14809468 A EP14809468 A EP 14809468A EP 3074690 A1 EP3074690 A1 EP 3074690A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- self
- thermoplastic
- bases
- supporting insulating
- supporting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 27
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 12
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- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
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- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011491 glass wool Substances 0.000 claims description 7
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- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 description 13
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- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
- F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
- F17C3/025—Bulk storage in barges or on ships
- F17C3/027—Wallpanels for so-called membrane tanks
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D25/00—Details of other kinds or types of rigid or semi-rigid containers
- B65D25/20—External fittings
- B65D25/24—External fittings for spacing bases of containers from supporting surfaces, e.g. legs
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
- F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
- F17C3/04—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation by insulating layers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/01—Shape
- F17C2201/0147—Shape complex
- F17C2201/0157—Polygonal
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/05—Size
- F17C2201/052—Size large (>1000 m3)
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
- F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
- F17C2203/0325—Aerogel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
- F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
- F17C2203/0329—Foam
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
- F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
- F17C2203/0337—Granular
- F17C2203/0341—Perlite
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
- F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
- F17C2203/0345—Fibres
- F17C2203/035—Glass wool
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
- F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
- F17C2203/0358—Thermal insulations by solid means in form of panels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
- F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
- F17C2203/0626—Multiple walls
- F17C2203/0631—Three or more walls
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/03—Mixtures
- F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
- F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
- F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
- F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
- F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
- F17C2260/01—Improving mechanical properties or manufacturing
- F17C2260/011—Improving strength
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
- F17C2270/0105—Ships
- F17C2270/0107—Wall panels
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of sealed and thermally insulating tanks, with membranes, for storing and / or transporting fluid, such as a cryogenic fluid.
- LNG liquefied natural gas
- these tanks can be installed on the ground or on a floating structure. In the case of a floating structure, the tank may be intended for the transport of liquefied natural gas or to receive liquefied natural gas used as fuel for the propulsion of the floating structure.
- the document FR 2 877 638 describes a sealed and thermally insulating tank comprising a tank wall, fixed to the carrying structure of a floating structure and presenting successively, in the direction of the thickness, from the inside to the outside of the the vessel, a primary sealed barrier for contacting the liquefied natural gas, a primary insulating barrier, a secondary watertight barrier and a secondary insulating barrier anchored to the supporting structure.
- the insulating barriers consist of a plurality of juxtaposed parallelepiped heat insulating boxes.
- the parallelepipedic boxes include a plywood bottom panel, a plywood cover panel, a thermal insulation liner disposed in the form of a layer parallel to the vessel wall, and load-bearing members that rise across the wall. thickness of the thermal insulation lining to take up the compressive forces between the cover panel and the bottom panel.
- the walls of the tank are subjected to many stresses.
- the walls are subjected to compressive forces due to the loading of the tank, to thermal stresses during cold setting and to forces due to dynamic shocks of the fluid contained in the tank.
- efforts are made tangentially to the cover panels of the heat insulated boxes and are thus likely to cause the spill of the load-bearing members of the heat insulated boxes.
- the section of the carrier elements is generally small in order to limit the thermal conduction through the carrier elements.
- carrier elements of small section are likely to damage the cover panels and bottom punching.
- the carrier elements interposed between the bottom and top panels each comprise a row of pillars, trays, upper and lower, arranged on the row of pillars and respectively resting against the cover panel and the bottom panel, upper side reinforcements attached to the pillars and upper deck and lower side reinforcements attached to the pillars and the lower deck.
- the upper and lower lateral reinforcements prevent spilling of the pillars.
- An idea underlying the invention is to provide an insulating self-supporting body which has good thermal insulation performance while having good resistance to stress and in particular to the forces exerted tangentially and orthogonally to the walls.
- the invention provides a self-contained insulating box for the thermal insulation of a fluid storage tank comprising:
- carrier elements interposed between said bottom and cover panels and each comprising a lower base fixed against the bottom panel, an upper base fixed against the cover panel and a pillar, integral with the lower and upper bases, and extending in the thickness direction of the box between the upper base and the lower base;
- the bases each comprise: - a load distribution pad provided with a flat bearing surface resting against the bottom panel or the cover panel;
- anti-spill ribs regularly distributed around the periphery of the base and arranged to take up forces exerted on the support member transversely to the thickness direction of the body and transmit them to the load distribution soleplate.
- such an insulating box may comprise one or more of the following characteristics:
- the bases comprise a body extending in the direction of thickness of the body and in which the anti-spill ribs have a square shape having two faces forming a right angle respectively extending against the sole plate of load distribution and against the body of the base.
- the bases are made of a thermoplastic material and are fixed by thermoplastic welding on a thermoplastic element of the bottom panel or the cover panel.
- the carrier elements can be assembled to the bottom panel and / or the cover panel in a simple and reliable manner since no fastener does degrade the structural integrity of the carrier elements or the bottom and cover panels.
- the bases are made of a composite thermoplastic material comprising a thermoplastic matrix and reinforcing fibers.
- the bottom panel and the cover panel each have an inner face facing the interior of the box, the inner faces of the bottom panel and the cover panel being coated with thermoplastic films for fixing the bases of the supporting elements.
- the thermoplastic films are made of a thermoplastic composite material comprising a thermoplastic matrix and reinforcing fibers.
- the bottom panel and / or the cover panel comprises a body made of a composite thermoplastic material comprising a fiber reinforced thermoplastic matrix, said body forming a thermoplastic element for fixing the bases of the supporting elements.
- the bottom panel and / or the cover panel comprises a wooden body impregnated with a thermoplastic matrix for fixing the bases of the supporting elements.
- each carrier element is formed in one piece with the pillar of the carrier element.
- the bases of a carrier element each comprise a sleeve in which is fitted one end of a pillar of the carrier element.
- the bases comprise two half-shells together defining the sheath in which is fitted one end of a pillar.
- the bases are made of a thermoplastic material and the pillars are made of a thermoplastic material and have ends fixed by thermoplastic welding, respectively inside the sheath of the lower base and inside the sheath of the upper base .
- the pillars are made of a composite thermoplastic material comprising a thermoplastic matrix and reinforcing fibers.
- the pillars are made of wood.
- the insulating box has a parallelepipedal shape and each base comprises at least four anti-spill ribs regularly distributed, each of said anti-spill ribs being arranged parallel to two opposite sides of the self-supporting insulating box.
- the load distribution soles have a notch between each anti-spill rib.
- the bases comprise a reinforcing flange extending inwardly of the body from the load distribution soleplate.
- the insulating box further comprises anti-spill reinforcing structures each comprising two diagonally arranged bars X-shaped and each extending between a lower base and an upper base of two adjacent support members.
- the heat-insulating lining consists of at least one block of glass wool, wadding or polymer foam.
- the heat insulating material is a bulk insulating material selected from perlite, vermiculite, glass wool or aerogels and said insulating body has peripheral partitions extending in the thickness direction of the body to retain the heat-insulating material .
- the peripheral partitions are made of a thermoplastic material and are fixed by thermoplastic welding on a thermoplastic element of the bottom panel or the cover panel.
- the invention also provides a sealed and thermally insulating fluid storage tank comprising a thermal insulation barrier comprising a plurality of aforementioned boxes juxtaposed, and a sealing membrane resting against the barrier of thermal insulation.
- a sealed and thermally insulating fluid storage tank comprising a thermal insulation barrier comprising a plurality of aforementioned boxes juxtaposed, and a sealing membrane resting against the barrier of thermal insulation.
- Such a tank may be made with a single sealing membrane or with two alternating sealing membranes with two thermal insulation barriers.
- Such a tank can be part of a land storage facility, for example to store LNG or be installed in a floating structure, coastal or deep water, including a LNG tank, a floating storage and regasification unit (FSRU) , a floating production and remote storage unit (FPSO) and others.
- FSRU floating storage and regasification unit
- FPSO floating production and remote storage unit
- a vessel for the transport of a cold liquid product comprises a double hull and a aforementioned tank disposed in the double hull.
- the invention also provides a method for loading or unloading such a vessel, in which a fluid is conveyed through isolated pipes from or to a floating or land storage facility to or from the tank of the vessel. ship.
- the invention also provides a transfer system for a fluid, the system comprising the abovementioned vessel, insulated pipes arranged to connect the vessel installed in the hull of the vessel to a floating or ground storage facility. and a pump for driving fluid through the insulated pipelines from or to the floating or land storage facility to or from the vessel vessel.
- Some aspects of the invention start from the idea of providing an insulating box where the efforts are transmitted homogeneously. Some aspects of the invention start from the idea of providing an insulating box that is easy to manufacture.
- Figure 1 is a perspective view, cut away, of a vessel wall according to one embodiment.
- Figure 2 is a sectional view of an insulating box according to one embodiment.
- Figure 3 is a perspective view of a base of a carrier element according to one embodiment.
- FIGS. 4 and 5 are respectively views from above and from the front of the base of FIG.
- FIGS. 6 and 7 are respectively a perspective view and a front view of a carrier element comprising a pillar, one end of which is nested in a base.
- Figure 8 is a sectional view of an insulating box according to one embodiment comprising anti-spill devices consisting of two bars forming an X and extending between the bases of two adjacent support members.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view of a carrier element according to an embodiment comprising a pillar whose one end is nested in a base.
- Figure 10 is a partial view, in perspective, of a carrier element according to a third embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is a detailed view of a base of the carrier element of FIG.
- FIG. 15 is a cutaway schematic representation of a vessel of a LNG carrier and a loading / unloading terminal of this vessel.
- thermoplastic will be used to denote, unless otherwise stated, both fiber-reinforced composite thermoplastic materials and unreinforced thermoplastic materials.
- FIG. 1 a wall of a sealed and thermally insulating tank is shown.
- the general structure of such a tank is well known and has a polyhedral shape. It will therefore focus only to describe a wall zone of the tank, it being understood that all the walls of the tank may have a similar general structure.
- the wall of the tank comprises, from the outside to the inside of the tank, a carrier structure 1, a secondary thermally insulating barrier 2 which is formed of insulating boxes 3 juxtaposed on the carrier structure 1 and anchored thereto by secondary holding members 4, a secondary sealing membrane 5 carried by the insulating boxes 3, a primary heat-insulating barrier 6 formed of insulating boxes 7 juxtaposed and anchored to the secondary sealing membrane 5 by primary retaining members 8 and a primary waterproofing membrane 9, carried by the insulating boxes 7 and intended to be in contact with the cryogenic fluid contained in the tank.
- the supporting structure 1 may in particular be a self-supporting metal sheet or, more generally, any type of rigid partition having suitable mechanical properties.
- the supporting structure may in particular be formed by the hull or the double hull of a ship.
- the carrying structure comprises a plurality of walls defining the general shape of the tank.
- the primary 9 and secondary 5 waterproofing membranes are, for example, constituted by a continuous sheet of metal strakes with raised edges, said strakes being welded by their raised edges to parallel welding supports held on the insulating boxes 3, 7
- the metal strakes are, for example, made of Invar ®: that is to say an alloy of iron and nickel whose expansion coefficient is typically between 1, 2. 0 "6 and 2.10 " 6 K “1 , or in an iron alloy with a high manganese content whose expansion coefficient is typically of the order of 7.10 " 6 K "1 .
- the insulating boxes 3, 7 have a general shape of rectangular parallelepiped.
- the insulating boxes 3 of the secondary thermally insulating barrier 2 and the insulating boxes 7 of the primary thermally insulating barrier 6 can equally well have identical or different structures and equal or different dimensions.
- FIG. 2 illustrates the structure of an insulating box 3, 7.
- the insulating box 3, 7 comprises a bottom panel 10 and a cover panel 1 1 parallel, spaced in the direction of thickness of the insulating box 3, 7
- the bottom panel 10 and the cover panel 11 are planar and define the main faces of the insulating box 3, 7.
- the cover panel 11 has an outer support surface for receiving the primary or secondary sealing membrane 9.
- the cover panel 11 has, in addition, on its outer face, grooves 12 for the housing of the welding supports for welding the metal strakes of the primary 9 or secondary 5 waterproofing membranes.
- Supporting elements 13 extend in the thickness direction of the insulating block 3, 7 and are fixed, on the one hand, to the bottom panel 10 and, on the other hand, to the cover panel 11.
- the load-bearing members 13 allow to resume compression efforts.
- the carrier elements 13 are aligned in a plurality of rows and distributed in staggered rows. The distance between the load-bearing members 13 is determined so as to allow a good distribution of compressive forces. In one embodiment, the carrier elements 13 are distributed equidistantly.
- the carrying elements 13 comprise a pillar 14 extending in the thickness direction of the insulating box 3, 7 between, on the one hand, a lower base 15 resting against the bottom panel 10 and fixed thereto and, on the other hand, an upper base 16 resting against the cover panel 11 and fixed thereto.
- a heat-insulating lining 17 extends in the spaces formed between the carrying elements 13.
- the heat-insulating lining 17 is, for example, made of glass wool, wadding or a polymer foam, such as polyurethane foam, polyethylene foam or polyvinyl chloride foam.
- a polymeric foam material may be disposed between the pillars 13 by an injection operation during the manufacture of the insulating box 3, 7.
- the heat-insulating lining 17 is made of an insulating material in bulk.
- an insulating material may be a granular or powdery material - such as perlite, vermiculite or glass wool - or a nanoporous airgel material.
- the insulating box 3, 7 is equipped with peripheral partitions, not shown, extending in the thickness direction of the box, at the periphery thereof and for retaining the heat-insulating packing 17.
- the peripheral walls are plywood boards which are fixed to the bottom panel 10 and to the cover panel 11.
- the attachment of the partitions can in particular be carried out by gluing, stapling, pointing and / or screwing.
- Two opposite side walls are provided with a bore for circulating an inerting gas.
- a gas-permeable fabric such as fiberglass cloth, is adhered to the inner surface of the side walls in front of the bores.
- the peripheral partitions are made of a thermoplastic material and are fixed to the bottom panel 10 and the cover panel 11 by thermoplastic welding.
- the panels 10, 11 are covered with a thermoplastic film, are made of a composite thermoplastic material or comprises a wooden body impregnated with a thermoplastic matrix, to allow operations thermoplastic welding.
- Peripheral partitions may in particular be made of a thermoplastic strip having a thickness of between 0.1 and 1 millimeter or a thermoplastic film.
- two side walls are provided with holes which are covered by a gas-permeable fabric.
- the peripheral walls consist of a thermoplastic gas-permeable fabric.
- the thermoplastic material of the peripheral partitions comprises a thermoplastic matrix reinforced with fibers.
- Such a material may in particular be a material designated by the acronym GMT, for "glass fiber mat reinforced thermoplastics" in English.
- a GMT material is formed from a set comprising a glass mat and a matrix in the form of a mat of thermoplastic polymer entangled in the glass mat and thus forming a fabric to be hot pressed.
- such a material is marketed by the company Vperitex under the name Twintex®.
- the base 15, 16 comprise a load-distributing soleplate 17.
- the load-distribution soleplate is provided with a flat bearing surface resting against the bottom panel 10 or the cover panel 11.
- the distribution soleplate Loads 17 provide a bearing surface greater than the section of a pillar 14.
- the load distribution plates 17 prevent stress concentration on a small section and thus make it possible to limit the deterioration phenomena of the bottom panels 10 and lid 1 1 by punching.
- the base 15, 16 also comprises a body 18 extending in the direction of thickness of the body 3, 7.
- the body 18 of the base is hollow so as to define a sleeve 19 for receiving by interlocking one end of pillar 14.
- the sheath 19 is here intended to receive a cylindrical pillar 14, it has a generally cylindrical shape.
- the base 15, 16 is provided with anti-spill ribs 20 regularly distributed around the periphery of the base 15, 16.
- the anti-spill ribs 20 can oppose the spill phenomenon affecting the bearing member 13 when he undergoes a moment of flexion. To do this, the anti-spill ribs 20 are able to take up the forces exerted on the carrier member 13 transversely to its longitudinal direction and transmit them to the load distribution plate 17.
- the anti-spill ribs 20 are The anti-spill ribs 20 are integrally formed with the load-distribution soleplate 17 and the body 18 of the base 15, 16.
- the anti-spill ribs 20 have a generally square shape with the faces 20a, 20b arranged perpendicularly and forming the right-angle extend respectively along the load-repairing sole 17 and along the body 18 of the base 15, 16.
- the load-distributing sole 17 is provided with notches 21 extending between each of the spill-preventing ribs 20 .
- each base 15, 16 has four anti-spill ribs 20.
- Each anti-spill rib 20 therefore extends in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the adjacent ribs 20.
- the bases 15, 16 are advantageously arranged relative to the bottom panel 10 and the cover 11 so that each of said ribs 20 is arranged parallel to two opposite sides of the insulating box 3, 7.
- the base 15, 16 is made by molding a thermoplastic material.
- the thermoplastic material comprises a thermoplastic matrix reinforced with fibers.
- the thermoplastic matrix may comprise any suitable thermoplastic material, such as polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), polyamides (PA), polyetherimide (PEI), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene terephthalate ( PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS), polyurethane (PU) in thermoplastic form, a mixture of these polymers or the like, the fibers may be glass fibers, carbon fiber or a mixture of carbon fibers and glass fibers
- the base 15, 16 may in particular be made in a GMT material, as described above.
- the base 15, 16, shown in Figures 3 to 5, consists of two identical molded parts 22a, 22b. Each of these parts 22a, 22b forms a half-shell which when the two parts 22a, 22b are joined define the sleeve 19 intended to receive one end of a pillar 14.
- Such a base structure 15, 16 consists of two parts molded 22a, 22b facilitates the molding operations of the bases 15, 16 and the operations of placing the bases 15, 16 against the bottom panels 10 or lid 11.
- the base 15, 16 consists of a single piece integrally molded.
- the bases 15, 16 of each carrier member 13 are formed integrally with the pillar 14. In other words, the entire carrier member 13 is a integrally molded piece in one piece.
- the bases 15, 16 are fixed by a thermoplastic welding operation to the bottom panel 10 and to the cover panel 11.
- the bottom panels 10 and cover 11 have a plywood body.
- the inner faces of the bottom panel 10 and lid 11, turned towards the inside of the box 3, 7, are covered with thermoplastic films 23.
- a plastic welding operation is performed in the interface areas between the thermoplastic films 23 and the load distribution flanges 17 of the bases 15, 16.
- protective masks are previously arranged on the inner faces of the bottom panels 10 and of the cover 11 between the interface zones between the supporting elements 13 and the panels 10. 11. When welding operations have been performed, the protective masks can then be removed. Thus, the thermoplastic films 23 are not deteriorated during welding operations.
- Such protective masks are, for example, made of metal, ceramic and / or glass materials.
- Such masks are advantageously equipped with a cooling circuit in which a fluid circulates, such as water, air or oil in order to regulate the temperature of said masks.
- the outer face of the bottom panels 10 and lid 11 is also covered with thermoplastic films. Such an arrangement makes it possible to balance the flexion of the cover panels 1 1 and the bottom panels 10, in particular when they are under considerable thermal stress during the cold-setting of the tank.
- thermoplastic films cover only partially the inner faces of the bottom panels 10 and lid 11.
- thermoplastic films are arranged only in the interface areas between the bottom panels 10 and cover 1 1 and the bases 15, 16.
- Thermoplastic films 23 are, for example, made of a composite thermoplastic material comprising a thermoplastic matrix reinforced with fibers.
- the thermoplastic films 23 may in particular be made of a GMT material.
- thermoplastic films contribute to increasing the mechanical strength of the bottom panels 10 and the cover 11, by increasing their bending rigidity and improving their punching behavior.
- Such thermoplastic films 23 typically have a thickness of the order of 0.5 to 5 mm.
- the thermoplastic films 23 are fixed to the body of the bottom panels 10 and lid 11 by gluing.
- the glue used is for example an acrylic glue, a polyurethane glue, or an epoxy glue.
- the thermoplastic films 23 are fixed to the body of the panels 10, 11 by a hot pressing process. In such a case, it is conceivable to integrate the fixing of the thermoplastic films 23 directly to the plywood manufacturing process. To do this, the wood plies, previously glued, and the thermoplastic films 23 are superimposed, and then the stack thus obtained is subjected to hot pressing. For example, for such hot pressing, the stack is subjected to a temperature of the order of 190 to 200 ° C and a pressure of the order of 0.2 MPa for a period of 5 minutes.
- the thermoplastic films 23 comprise a thermoplastic matrix identical to the thermoplastic matrix of the bases 15, 16.
- the panels base 10 and cover 11 comprise a body made of a composite material comprising a thermoplastic matrix, identical to that of the bases, reinforced by fibers.
- the bottom panels 10 and lid 11 are made of a wooden body, impregnated with a thermoplastic matrix, of the same nature as that of the bases 15, 16. The body may be manufactured by agglomeration of fibers previously impregnated with a thermoplastic matrix.
- the body may be made of plywood whose inner ply, and optionally the outer ply, are made of a wood sufficiently porous to diffuse the plastic matrix hot and under pressure within said plies.
- a wood is for example selected from birch, fir, beech or others.
- the welding operation is, for example, carried out by infrared radiation.
- any other suitable plastic welding method such as ultrasonic welding, induction heating, friction welding, fusion welding, hot air jet welding or the flaming.
- induction welding it is necessary to have the metal inserts on the bases 15, 16 and / or on the bottom panels 10 and / or cover 1 1, at the interface between the bases 15, 16 and the bottom panels 10 and lid 1 1 so as to allow heating of the thermoplastic material.
- Figures 6 and 7 show a pillar 14, one end of which is fitted into the sleeve 19 of a base 15, 16.
- the pillars 14 are made of a thermoplastic material.
- the thermoplastic material is advantageously a composite thermoplastic material comprising a thermoplastic matrix, reinforced by fibers.
- the examples of materials and fibers given above in relation to the bases 15, 16 are also applicable to the pillars 14.
- the pillars 14 are fixed to the bases 15, 16 by a thermoplastic welding operation.
- the pillars 14 may be formed in a material comprising a thermoplastic matrix identical to the thermoplastic matrix of the bases 15, 16.
- the pillars 14 have a hollow section, circular in shape.
- the invention is not limited to this type of section, and the section of the pillars can also be full and have another shape: square, rhombus or rectangular for example.
- the section of a pillar 14 is hollow, it is advantageously lined with an insulating material to limit thermal losses through the pillar 14.
- the pillars 14 have a solid section, of square shape.
- Such solid section pillars may also have a rhomboid or rectangular section.
- the pillars 17 can be made in many materials.
- the pillars 14 can also be made of wood or thermosetting plastic, such as polyurethane (PU), unsaturated polyesters, epoxides, acrylics, vinylesters or other.
- thermosetting plastic materials may in particular be reinforced with fibers.
- the pillars 14 can not be secured to the bases 15, 16 by thermoplastic welding, the pillars 14 are secured to the bases 15, 16 by any other means.
- the fixing of the pillars 14 to the bases 15, 16 can in particular be ensured by gluing, by stapling or by means of screws passing through orifices provided in the bases 15, 16 and in the pillars 14.
- the carrier element 14 comprises a pillar of solid section of square shape, one end of which is received by interlocking in a sleeve 19 formed in the body 18 of the base.
- the sheath 19 thus has a square section defined by four walls.
- the base 15, 16, shown in detail in Figure 1 1, comprises four ribs 20 having a generally square shape each extending along one of the four walls.
- the base 15 comprises a circular load distribution sole 7.
- the base comprises a ring-shaped reinforcing flange 27 projecting towards the inside of the box 3, 7 from the soleplate for distributing the loads 17.
- the reinforcing flange 27 is arranged around the body 18 of the base and extends substantially midway between the body 18 of the base and the periphery of the load distribution flange 17.
- the reinforcing flange 27 is integral with the load distribution flange 17. In other words, the reinforcing flange 27 is formed integrally with the load distribution flange 17.
- FIG. 12 shows a base 15, 16 according to an alternative embodiment which differs from the base of FIG. 11 only in that it does not comprise a reinforcing collar 27.
- FIGS. 13 and 14 show bases 15, 16 respectively provided and devoid of a reinforcing flange 27.
- the base 15, 16 comprises two reinforcing ribs 20 extending along each of the four side walls defining the body 18 of the base.
- FIG 8 illustrates an embodiment in which the insulating box 3, 7 further comprises anti-spill devices.
- the anti-overflow devices consist of two bars 24, 25, forming an X and extending diagonally between the bases 15, 16 of two adjacent carrying elements 13.
- the two bars 24, 25 may also be made of thermoplastic material reinforced with fibers and welded to the bases 15, 16 by thermoplastic welding operations. Note that in the embodiment shown, the bars 25, 26 are welded against the anti-spill ribs 20.
- Such an X structure provides a particularly high shear stiffness while having a limited impact on the performance of thermal insulation.
- such anti-spill devices are arranged only along the lateral faces of the insulating box 3, 7.
- such anti-spill devices can be arranged between all the carrier elements. 14.
- a cutaway view of a LNG tank 70 shows a sealed and insulated tank 71 of general prismatic shape mounted in the double hull 72 of the ship.
- the wall of the tank 71 comprises a primary sealed barrier intended to be in contact with the LNG contained in the tank, a secondary sealed barrier arranged between the primary waterproof barrier and the double hull 72 of the ship, and two insulating barriers arranged respectively between the primary watertight barrier and the secondary watertight barrier and between the secondary watertight barrier and the double hull 72.
- loading / unloading lines 73 arranged on the upper deck of the ship can be connected, by means of appropriate connectors, to a marine or port terminal to transfer a cargo of LNG from or to the tank 71.
- FIG. 15 represents an example of a marine terminal including a loading and unloading station 75, an underwater pipe 76 and an onshore installation 77.
- the loading and unloading station 75 is a fixed off-shore installation comprising an arm mobile 74 and a tower 78 which supports the movable arm 74.
- the movable arm 74 carries a bundle of insulated flexible pipes 79 that can connect to the loading / unloading pipes 73.
- the movable arm 74 can be adapted to all gauges of LNG carriers .
- a connection pipe (not shown) extends inside the tower 78.
- the loading and unloading station 75 enables the loading and unloading of the LNG tank 70 from or to the shore facility 77.
- the underwater line 76 allows the transfer of the liquefied gas between the loading or unloading station 75 and the onshore installation 77 over a large distance, for example 5 km, which makes it possible to keep the tanker vessel 70 at great distance from the coast during the loading and unloading operations.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FR1361866A FR3014085B1 (fr) | 2013-11-29 | 2013-11-29 | Caisse autoporteuse pour l'isolation thermique d'une cuve de stockage d'un fluide |
PCT/FR2014/052825 WO2015079135A1 (fr) | 2013-11-29 | 2014-11-06 | Caisse autoporteuse pour l'isolation thermique d'une cuve de stockage d'un fluide |
Publications (2)
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EP3074690A1 true EP3074690A1 (fr) | 2016-10-05 |
EP3074690B1 EP3074690B1 (fr) | 2017-09-06 |
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EP14809468.3A Active EP3074690B1 (fr) | 2013-11-29 | 2014-11-06 | Caisse autoporteuse pour l'isolation thermique d'une cuve de stockage d'un fluide |
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EP (1) | EP3074690B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP6622201B2 (fr) |
KR (1) | KR102277805B1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN105874261B (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2014356315B2 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2644459T3 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3014085B1 (fr) |
MY (1) | MY179125A (fr) |
PH (1) | PH12016500892B1 (fr) |
RU (1) | RU2666377C1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2015079135A1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
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CN106272749A (zh) * | 2016-10-14 | 2017-01-04 | 南京林业大学 | Lng船用胶合板的制备方法 |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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FR3052227B1 (fr) * | 2016-06-01 | 2018-12-07 | Gaztransport Et Technigaz | Bloc isolant et cuve etanche et thermiquement isolante integree dans une structure porteuse polyedrique |
CN106347575A (zh) * | 2016-10-14 | 2017-01-25 | 南京林业大学 | 基于桦木胶合板的lng船用绝缘隔热箱 |
FR3092898B1 (fr) * | 2019-02-14 | 2021-01-15 | Gaztransport Et Technigaz | Bloc isolant destiné à l’isolation thermique d’une cuve de stockage |
FR3101390B1 (fr) * | 2019-09-27 | 2021-09-03 | Gaztransport Et Technigaz | Cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante |
FR3110952B1 (fr) | 2020-05-27 | 2022-05-06 | Gaztransport Et Technigaz | Caisse autoporteuse convenant pour le soutien et l'isolation thermique d'une membrane étanche |
CN113483261A (zh) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-10-08 | 沪东中华造船(集团)有限公司 | 一种lng-fsru船大型再气化模块安装基座及安装方法 |
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DE1253088B (de) * | 1963-12-17 | 1967-10-26 | Eltro G M B H & Co Ges Fuer St | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Schiffskoerpern aus Schiffbauplatten |
JP3367757B2 (ja) * | 1994-06-20 | 2003-01-20 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 低温貨物タンクの断熱被覆構造 |
US20070128957A1 (en) * | 2003-03-06 | 2007-06-07 | Jens Korsgaard | Discharge of liquified natural gas at offshore mooring facilities |
ATE480735T1 (de) * | 2004-07-06 | 2010-09-15 | Shell Int Research | Behälter zur lagerung von flüssiggas |
FR2877638B1 (fr) * | 2004-11-10 | 2007-01-19 | Gaz Transp Et Technigaz Soc Pa | Cuve etanche et thermiquement isolee a elements calorifuges resistants a la compression |
RU2278226C1 (ru) * | 2005-03-14 | 2006-06-20 | Сергей Николаевич Кардашев | Регулируемая металлическая опора, преимущественно для фальшполов |
JP2007056467A (ja) * | 2005-08-22 | 2007-03-08 | Daiken Trade & Ind Co Ltd | 防音二重床構造 |
JP5164012B2 (ja) * | 2010-03-05 | 2013-03-13 | 株式会社石井鐵工所 | 球形タンクの脚部耐震補強構造 |
KR101180742B1 (ko) * | 2010-07-07 | 2012-09-07 | 한국과학기술원 | 극저온 액체저장탱크의 단열 패널 및 이를 갖는 단열 구조체 |
JP5833388B2 (ja) * | 2011-09-15 | 2015-12-16 | 関西電力株式会社 | 鋼管鉄塔の補強装置 |
RU115322U1 (ru) * | 2011-11-29 | 2012-04-27 | Открытое акционерное общество "Пластик" | Поддон и контейнер транспортировочный сборный |
FR2987471B1 (fr) * | 2012-02-23 | 2015-03-27 | Edevice | Equipement electronique pour la replication de ports et le routage de signaux numeriques |
FR2987424B1 (fr) * | 2012-02-23 | 2016-06-10 | Gaztransport Et Technigaz | Caisse isolante comportant un espace d’ecoulement |
-
2013
- 2013-11-29 FR FR1361866A patent/FR3014085B1/fr active Active
-
2014
- 2014-11-06 WO PCT/FR2014/052825 patent/WO2015079135A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2014-11-06 AU AU2014356315A patent/AU2014356315B2/en active Active
- 2014-11-06 CN CN201480062712.4A patent/CN105874261B/zh active Active
- 2014-11-06 RU RU2016119107A patent/RU2666377C1/ru active
- 2014-11-06 EP EP14809468.3A patent/EP3074690B1/fr active Active
- 2014-11-06 MY MYPI2016701795A patent/MY179125A/en unknown
- 2014-11-06 ES ES14809468.3T patent/ES2644459T3/es active Active
- 2014-11-06 KR KR1020167015117A patent/KR102277805B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2014-11-06 JP JP2016532540A patent/JP6622201B2/ja active Active
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN106272749A (zh) * | 2016-10-14 | 2017-01-04 | 南京林业大学 | Lng船用胶合板的制备方法 |
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ES2644459T3 (es) | 2017-11-29 |
AU2014356315A1 (en) | 2016-06-02 |
JP6622201B2 (ja) | 2019-12-18 |
CN105874261A (zh) | 2016-08-17 |
EP3074690B1 (fr) | 2017-09-06 |
AU2014356315B2 (en) | 2018-07-26 |
KR20160093634A (ko) | 2016-08-08 |
MY179125A (en) | 2020-10-28 |
CN105874261B (zh) | 2018-06-01 |
FR3014085B1 (fr) | 2017-12-29 |
PH12016500892A1 (en) | 2016-06-20 |
KR102277805B1 (ko) | 2021-07-15 |
RU2666377C1 (ru) | 2018-09-07 |
WO2015079135A1 (fr) | 2015-06-04 |
JP2017503121A (ja) | 2017-01-26 |
FR3014085A1 (fr) | 2015-06-05 |
PH12016500892B1 (en) | 2016-06-20 |
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