EP3052690A1 - Élément de renfort et procédé de fabrication d'un tel élément de renfort - Google Patents

Élément de renfort et procédé de fabrication d'un tel élément de renfort

Info

Publication number
EP3052690A1
EP3052690A1 EP14806161.7A EP14806161A EP3052690A1 EP 3052690 A1 EP3052690 A1 EP 3052690A1 EP 14806161 A EP14806161 A EP 14806161A EP 3052690 A1 EP3052690 A1 EP 3052690A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
strand
plastic
reinforcing element
fabric
reinforcing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP14806161.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Walther Pitscheneder
Harald Katzinger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Teufelberger GmbH
Original Assignee
Teufelberger GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Teufelberger GmbH filed Critical Teufelberger GmbH
Publication of EP3052690A1 publication Critical patent/EP3052690A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/02—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/04—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments in rectilinear paths, e.g. crossing at right angles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/05—Filamentary, e.g. strands
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
    • B29C48/91—Heating, e.g. for cross linking
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
    • B29C48/919—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling using a bath, e.g. extruding into an open bath to coagulate or cool the material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
    • B29C48/0018—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with shaping by orienting, stretching or shrinking, e.g. film blowing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
    • B29C48/002—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with surface shaping
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/09—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels
    • B29C48/10—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels flexible, e.g. blown foils
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/09—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels
    • B29C48/11—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels comprising two or more partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. honeycomb-shaped
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/12—Articles with an irregular circumference when viewed in cross-section, e.g. window profiles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/28—Storing of extruded material, e.g. by winding up or stacking
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
    • B29C48/911—Cooling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a reinforcing element as specified in claim 1, and a method for producing such a reinforcing element as specified in claim 18.
  • EP 1 409 244 B1 discloses a monoaxially stretched polyolefin multilayer film, a monoaxially stretched polyolefin multilayer tape or yarn of the AB or ABA type, having a total draw ratio of more than 12 and an E modulus of at least 10 GPa known.
  • This multilayer film consists essentially of a central layer (B) of a polyolefin selected from polyethylene and polypropylene and one or two further layers (A) of a polyolefin of the same class as the material of the central layer B.
  • the DSC melting point of the material is the other layers (A) lower than the DSC melting point of the material of the central layer (B), wherein the central layer (B) between 50 and 99% by mass of the material and the other layers (A) between 1 and 50 mass -%.
  • this material may be pressed into another material as a reinforcement, with the DSC melting point of the other material below the DSC melting point of both the A and B layers, and the processing temperature chosen to be between the Melting point of the other material and the melting point of the A layer is. It is also possible to stack individual layers of the film on each other and to press them, wherein here the processing temperature is chosen so that it lies between the melting point of the A-layer and the melting point of the B-layer.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide an improved reinforcing element.
  • the reinforcing element is monoaxially or predominantly monoaxially stretched.
  • a cross-sectional area of the reinforcing element formed perpendicular to the main stretching direction has a substantially rectangular cross-sectional shape.
  • An inventive reinforcing element is for
  • a "substantially unstretched" plastic material is understood to be a plastic material in which no separate stretching has been carried out in a stretching device in the course of its production.
  • no stretching was carried out, as occurs in the course of the production of a reinforcing element according to the invention.
  • the thickness of the reinforcing element along its cross-sectional area at least in sections between 0.2 mm and 10 mm, in particular at least partially between 0.3 mm and 7 mm, preferably at least partially between 0.4 mm and 5 mm.
  • the thickness ranges mentioned have proven to be particularly advantageous in the handling of the reinforcing element.
  • a matrix, which is provided with a reinforcing element of the stated cross-sectional areas can be better connected to the reinforcing element, since the heat energy introduced during the manufacturing process can be quickly introduced into the respective regions of the two elements to be joined.
  • the illustrated geometries prefer the material-locking connection in a continuing consolidation process with a matrix through advantageous surface connections. The object obtained from a combination of a matrix with a reinforcing element of such thickness exhibits excellent rigidity, strength and resistance properties.
  • the bending stiffness of the reinforcing element is between 67 N * mm and 23 * 10 ⁇ 6 N * mm 2 with respect to a horizontal transverse axis running perpendicular to the main extension direction.
  • a bending stiffness of the reinforcing element is in the value ranges indicated here, since subsequently, by connecting the reinforcing element to a matrix, an object can be produced which has excellent rigidity properties.
  • the reinforcing element can thus have a very stable shape per se, as a result of which it can be processed better in the processing process than comparable reinforcing elements from the prior art.
  • the bending stiffness of the reinforcing element with respect to a direction perpendicular to the main tver stretching direction vertical vertical axis between 10 * 10 ⁇ 3 N * mm 2 and 21 * 10 A 9 N * mm 2.
  • a bending stiffness according to DIN 53362 of the reinforcing element in the value ranges given here since in a further consequence by connecting the reinforcing element with a matrix, an object can be produced, which has improved stiffness properties.
  • the reinforcing element can thereby have a very stable shape per se, whereby it can be processed better in the processing process than conventional reinforcing elements of the prior art.
  • the bending strength of the reinforcing element is between 50 MPa and 800 MPa. It is advantageous if the reinforcing element has at least the aforementioned flexural strength according to ISO 178, since it may be required in particular for the reinforcement of a thin-layered compared to the reinforcing material matrix that the reinforcing material must absorb the bending stresses, wherein the matrix material is responsible for the transverse pressure stability.
  • the torsional rigidity of the reinforcing element is between 85 N * mm and 30 * 10 ⁇ 6 N * mm about a longitudinal axis running in the main stretching direction .
  • the reinforcing element can thereby have a very stable shape per se, whereby it can be processed better in the processing process than conventional reinforcing elements of the prior art.
  • the draw ratio of the reinforcing element is between 2 and 40, preferably between 4 and 20. With a draw ratio in the specified range can be achieved that the molecular structure of the reinforcing element is better oriented, so that the macromolecules are aligned accordingly, and thus an increase in the strength values and / or the stiffness values can be obtained.
  • the modulus of elasticity of the reinforcing element along the main direction of stretching is between 2,500 MPa and 15,000 MPa, preferably between 4,000 MPa and 12,000 MPa.
  • the advantage here is that by increasing the elasticity In accordance with ISO 527, the stiffness of the object resulting from a reinforcing element and a matrix can be improved. This effect can be particularly favorable when using materials which should as little as possible deform under load.
  • the reinforcing element along the main drawing direction has a tensile strength between 100 MPa and 500 MPa, in particular between 150 MPa and 300 MPa.
  • a tensile strength between 100 MPa and 500 MPa, in particular between 150 MPa and 300 MPa.
  • Increasing the mechanical properties determined in the tensile case according to ISO 527 has the advantage that objects which are equipped with a corresponding reinforcing element have an increased mechanical performance.
  • the desired properties of the matrix material can be retained. For example, objects in which the volume fraction of the reinforcing material has been chosen to be large in comparison to the volume fraction of the matrix material and is between 60% by volume and 95% by volume permit disproportionately high tensile strength values in the object.
  • the volume fraction of the reinforcing material is chosen to be small in comparison to the volume fraction of the matrix material, for example between 0.5% by volume and 20% by volume, then a high flexural strength can be achieved in the object.
  • the amount of reinforcing material depends on the final application and can be specifically varied by suitable methods. It can be particularly advantageous here to note that the use of one or more layers of reinforcing material reduces the proportion of matrix material and thus saves on total weight.
  • the reinforcing element has a maximum width of 300 mm, in particular a width between 5 mm and 150 mm, preferably a width between 10 mm and 25 mm. It is advantageous when using reinforcing elements with the specified widths that they can be produced flexibly and inexpensively by established methods. The further processing of reinforcing materials with the mentioned widths can be done easily with modern production equipment. In addition, reinforcing elements with the specified widths are correspondingly stiff in order to be able to support a matrix material sufficiently.
  • the reinforcing element is made exclusively or as a main component from a material selected from the group consisting of or comprising lyolefins, polyesters, polyamides and mixtures of these materials. It is advantageous in the case of using a reinforcing element from this group of materials that it is easier to achieve the desired property changes, such as increase in strength or stiffness, with these materials by stretching.
  • the polyolefin is a polyethylene or a polypropylene. Especially these materials are considered to be advantageous for achieving the above-mentioned properties.
  • the polyester is a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polybutylene terephthalate (PBT).
  • the reinforcing element contains at least one additive.
  • additives can improve, for example, UV resistance, stretchability, strength properties, impact resistance, flame retardant properties, etc.
  • Additives can also be used to obtain certain optical effects of the reinforcing element, for example by thermosensitive additives, phosphorescent additives or color masterbatches.
  • the reinforcing element may be geometrically adapted to the component to be reinforced with the reinforcing element or the respective intended use and / or load case with respect to its cross-sectional area formed perpendicular to the main stretching direction. It should be emphasized here that when the reinforcing element is adapted to the component to be reinforced, the connection between the reinforcing element and the component to be reinforced can be made surprisingly good.
  • the reinforcing element is surface-treated on at least one surface.
  • a surface treatment by mechanical, physical or chemical methods can give the reinforcing element further positive properties. These may be, for example, a changed feel, a change in the friction coefficient or the surface tension and the like.
  • at least one surface of the reinforcing element has an embossing.
  • An embossing can, for example, bring about an altered feel as an advantage.
  • Another effect of embossing may involve the enlargement of the surface, whereby an adhesive bond can be improved by increasing the surface area with such a surface-treated reinforcing element, for example.
  • a connection process for connecting the reinforcing element to the matrix of an object it may be advantageous to arrange support extensions on the cross-sectional areas of the two longitudinal ends of the reinforcing element.
  • the stretched reinforcing element during the connection process for example, gripping devices at its two longitudinal ends in an improved manner, be held positively and / or non-positively.
  • a scrim or fabric is provided for bonding to a matrix of an object, wherein the matrix of the object comprises at least one unstretched or substantially unstretched plastic material as a major constituent or exclusive constituent.
  • the scrim or tissue comprises first plastic strands and other plastic strands. It is provided that the first plastic strands are formed by inventive, first stretched reinforcing elements.
  • first stretched reinforcing elements are arranged parallel or substantially parallel to one another in their position in relation to their longitudinal axes in the scrim or fabric. It is further provided that the further plastic strands are arranged parallel or at least approximately parallel to one another with respect to their longitudinal axes, and with respect to their longitudinal axes substantially transversely, ie at an angle to the longitudinal axes of the stretched reinforcing elements.
  • scrim or tissue mechanically particularly stable structure for improving the mechanical properties or for reinforcing an object or component can be provided. It may be useful if the other plastic strands of a fabric and / or fabric are also formed by stretched reinforcing elements.
  • a component or object can be bi- or multi-axially reinforced, as arranged in at least two directions, stretched reinforcing elements arranged in the context or tissue are.
  • stretched reinforcing elements arranged in the context or tissue are.
  • such high tensile strengths in different directions can be achieved, so that the resistance of the fabric or fabric to external forces acting on the scrim or tissue deformation forces can be further improved.
  • the further plastic strands of a fabric and / or fabric are formed by reinforcing elements with a lower draw ratio than that of the first reinforcing elements.
  • the mechanical properties or the reinforcing properties of the fabric or fabric are selectively adjustable in different directions.
  • a clutch or tissue can be provided, which can be adapted in an improved form to an expected intended use and / or load case.
  • the other plastic strands of a fabric and / or fabric are formed by unstretched or substantially unstretched plastic strands.
  • unstretched or substantially unstretched plastic strands As a result, further customization options for the mechanical properties of the fabric or fabric are created.
  • a substantially unstretched plastic strand can also be arranged for further purposes in the scrim or tissue.
  • the unstretched or substantially unstretched plastic strands are formed by adhesive auxiliary strands, in particular of hotmelt adhesive.
  • adhesive auxiliary strands in particular of hotmelt adhesive.
  • first reinforcing kung elements and the other plastic strands of the fabric or fabric are arranged spaced apart in the direction of their respective transverse axes, so that is formed by the first reinforcing elements and the other plastic strands a grid-shaped structure with passages ,
  • first reinforcing kung elements and the other plastic strands of the fabric or fabric are arranged spaced apart in the direction of their respective transverse axes, so that is formed by the first reinforcing elements and the other plastic strands a grid-shaped structure with passages .
  • first fabric reinforcing elements are biased in the direction of their longitudinal axis to strain.
  • This may be advantageous when connecting to a matrix of an object consisting of substantially unstretched plastic material, as this may cause a deformation of the matrix of the object.
  • the connection process with the matrix can be carried out in such a way that the pretensioned reinforcement elements of the fabric or fabric shrink in the direction of their longitudinal axes during the connection process.
  • the prestressed or non-relaxed reinforcing elements can relax, in particular during a thermally assisted connection process.
  • the shrinkage of the reinforcing elements caused thereby can be used advantageously to cause a deformation of the matrix of the object.
  • Suitable, sufficiently elastic or deformable matrices (in Substantially) unstretched plastic material are, for example, rubber matrices or foam matrices.
  • a method for producing a reinforcing element comprising providing at least one semicrystalline thermoplastic material and melting it in an extrusion device, has at least the following successive method steps:
  • the method includes at least one further method step for improving the connection or integration of the reinforcing element with or in a matrix of an object, wherein at least one surface of the primary strand and / or the stretched strand is modified or functionalized by means of a surface treatment device.
  • the advantage of such a method is that the primary strand is already given any shape by extrusion of the plastic material via a raw-forming nozzle can. Further, when using, for example, an extruder, an endless strand can be produced, which is inexpensive to process in production. By subsequent cooling and the subsequent preservation of the raw form of the primary strand, this can be prepared for further processing. It is advantageous if the heat distortion temperature according to IS075-2 is undercut here in order to be able to process the primary strand further. Further, a subsequent heating of the raw-formed primary strand is conducive because it can be processed at a, subsequently carried out stretching process in the presence of the necessary processing temperature.
  • the plastic In a subsequent cooling process, the plastic can be well stabilized in order to finally be able to deliver it in a packaging device to its final use.
  • Particularly supportive acts here an additional process step in which the surface to improve the connection with or integration of the reinforcing element is modified with or in a matrix.
  • the at least one further method step for surface treatment of the drawn strand between step 5 and step 6 of the method is carried out. It is advantageous in this case that, by modifying the surface in this method step, a final surface can already be produced which no longer requires or is changed by mechanical processing in the production method.
  • the at least one further method step is carried out as a cold rolling process for the mechanical structuring of at least one surface of the drawn strand.
  • the at least one further process step is carried out as a physical treatment to increase the surface energy or polarity of at least one surface of the drawn strand.
  • the surface tension (dynung) of the amplification object can be increased.
  • the reinforcing object can be better protected by printing inks, medium, aqueous plastic dispersions, adhesives or adhesion promoters are wetted.
  • this allows further processing by laminating or coating.
  • the increase in surface energy is increased by corona treatment to 38 mN / m to 44 mN / m (measured by contact angle measurement).
  • a flame treatment, fluorination or plasma treatment is carried out.
  • the at least one further method step is carried out as a chemical treatment of at least one surface of the drawn strand.
  • the advantage of a chemical treatment is that the surface of the element can be adapted according to the requirements for an ideal connection to the substrate.
  • an adhesive may be applied to one or both sides of the drawn strand after the at least one further surface treatment step.
  • an adhesive it can advantageously be achieved that a reinforcing element modified in this way can not only be applied thermally to an object to be reinforced, but also that it is possible to stick it in the cold state.
  • the adhesive is selected from the class of hotmelt adhesives.
  • the class of hotmelt adhesives can be activated by introducing heat energy, therefore in the cooled state does not have the tendency to adhere to non-bonded surfaces. This substantially facilitates the handling of a reinforcing element provided with such a plastic.
  • the base polymers of the hotmelt adhesive that is applied belong to the same class of plastic as the material of the reinforcing element. It is advantageous that the recyclability of a reinforcing element formed in this way can be improved.
  • Hot melt adhesive with the reinforcing element can form a nearly uniform structure.
  • the method includes at least one further process step for cutting along the processing direction of the primary strand and / or the stretched strand into a plurality of strands.
  • the reinforcing element in addition to the production by a shaping nozzle, by cutting out of a wide extruded and monoaxially stretched web, which occupies the entire production width of an extrusion plant, can be cut.
  • the reinforcing element in addition to the production by a shaping nozzle, by cutting out of a wide extruded and monoaxially stretched web, which occupies the entire production width of an extrusion plant, can be cut.
  • the reinforcing element in addition to the production by a shaping nozzle, by cutting out of a wide extruded and monoaxially stretched web, which occupies the entire production width of an extrusion plant, can be cut.
  • the reinforcing element in addition to the production by a shaping nozzle, by cutting out of a wide extruded and monoaxially stretched web, which occupies the entire production width of an ex
  • the at least one further process step is carried out after the drawing step. It is particularly advantageous if this process step is carried out only after the drawing step, since the final width and thickness of the intermediate product to the reinforcing element is already present at this time of the process.
  • the at least one further process step is carried out after the surface treatment step. It is particularly advantageous if this process step is carried out only after the surface treatment step, since the final shape and surface configuration of the intermediate product is already present at this time of the process.
  • the packaging step is carried out at least partially in a shaping device. It is advantageous here that the reinforcing element can thereby be given an arbitrary shape, in order to adapt it to particular purposes of use.
  • the scrim or fabric comprises first plastic strands and other plastic strands.
  • the scrim or tissue is characterized in that the first plastic strands are formed by stretched first reinforcing elements, and are arranged with respect to their longitudinal axes in their position relative to each other substantially at least approximately parallel.
  • the further plastic strands are at least approximately parallel to each other with respect to their longitudinal axes, and arranged with respect to their longitudinal axes substantially transversely to the longitudinal axes of the stretched first reinforcing elements.
  • the clutch or tissue at least partially consolidate.
  • a consolidation can be done, for example, by the action of thermal energy and / or pressure on a presented scrim or a pre-woven fabric.
  • compact and consolidated scrim or tissue can be provided, which are easier to handle for the connection s process with the matrix of an object to be reinforced.
  • consolidate is understood to mean a joining process in which the individual elements of a fabric or fabric are joined together to form a one-piece fabric or fabric.
  • the consolidation is carried out in such a way that a latticed structure of the fabric or fabric is formed with passages.
  • the consolidation can be performed incomplete, so that openings or passages remain in the lattice structure of the fabric or fabric.
  • the matrix of the object consisting of (substantially) unstretched plastic material can at least partially penetrate the passages or openings of the lattice structure of a fabric and / or fabric during the connection process. To this In this way, a form-locking connection of a fabric and / or fabric to the (essentially) undrawn plastic material of the object can be achieved, as a result of which the mechanical properties of the object can also be further improved.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a system for producing a reinforcing element
  • Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a reinforcing element
  • Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a mat with reinforcing elements and other plastic strands
  • Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a fabric with reinforcing elements and other plastic strands
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic representation of a method for producing a Geleges.
  • vesting is used synonymously with the term “stretching”. If the term “object” is used in the description, this is also to be read as “composite material” or "(plastic) object”.
  • a composite material in the sense of the description is a material of at least two materials with different properties and the other has material properties as its individual materials.
  • the composite material can thus comprise or consist of two plastic materials. Conversely, the term “exists” also includes the term “comprises”.
  • strip is used synonymously with the term “strip”.
  • FIG. 1 shows the schematic representation of a plant 1 for producing a reinforcing element 2, or the schematic process sequence for producing the reinforcing element 2.
  • thermoplastic material 3 is melted in an extrusion device 4 and pressed through a molding die 5.
  • the reinforcing element 2 consists of a polymer selected from the group of polyolefins, polyesters, polyamides or mixtures of these materials.
  • the reinforcing element 2 is a polymer selected from the group of the group of polyolefins, polyesters, or polyamides
  • the polyolefin is a polyethylene or a polypropylene len.
  • the polyester is a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polybutylene terephthalate (PBT).
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • PBT polybutylene terephthalate
  • polyamides for use as reinforcing element 2 are conceivable.
  • a plastic in the sense of this description is an organic, polymeric solid which is produced synthetically or semi-synthetically from monomeric organic molecules or biopolymers.
  • a polyolefin in the sense of this description is a collective term for alkenes, such as ethylene, propylene, 1-butene or isobutene, polymers produced by polymerization or else polyolefin copolymers. Examples are polyethylene, polypropylene, HDPE, LDPE, or LLDPE.
  • Mixtures of the individual plastics can be produced by mixing during the extrusion process.
  • the shaping nozzle 5 is fastened here to a shaping tool 6.
  • a primary strand 7 is generated, which receives its shaping by the shaping nozzle 5.
  • the forming tool 6 is attached to the extrusion device 4.
  • the shaping takes place by means of a smooth or structured shaping die 5 or a mandrel or web holder.
  • the shaping tool 6 can be designed as a hose head, pipe head, crosshead or spinneret.
  • a plurality of shaping nozzles 5 are mounted on the shaping tool 6.
  • eight shaping nozzles 5 can be attached to the forming tool 6, whereby a plurality of primary strands 7 can be produced, which can also be processed simultaneously.
  • an extrusion device 4 can produce several primary strands 7 at the same time, which may have different or the same cross-sectional shapes.
  • the individual primary strands 7 can then run parallel and be processed together in the further process steps.
  • the shaping nozzle 5 can be exchangeably mounted in the shaping tool 6.
  • the system 1 and the extrusion device 4 can be easily and quickly converted to the production of various, cord-like or strip-like or belt-like plastic objects 2.
  • the individual shaping nozzles 5 can be provided, for example, for the extrusion of various shapes and sizes of the outer contour of the primary strand 7.
  • the primary strand 7 emerging from the shaping die 5 can subsequently be passed through the cooling process 8 to the extrusion process in order to be able to feed it to further processing. Furthermore, it can be provided that the primary strand 7 emerging from the shaping die 5 is cooled sufficiently far in air so that the primary strand 7 becomes solid and can be further processed thereby.
  • the cooling device 8 can be designed, for example, as a water bath 9. In principle, however, any type of cooling device 8 for cooling the primary strand 7 is conceivable.
  • the water bath 9 used in this embodiment has a length 10 of about 3 meters in order to allow the primary strand 7 to cool sufficiently.
  • the primary strand 7 is not performed as shown only once through the water bath 9, but that in the water 9 Umlenkorgane are arranged, whereby the primary strand 7 can be repeatedly passed through the water 9. Further, a longer water bath 9 may be provided to increase the cooling capacity.
  • the water bath 9 is subdivided, for example, by partitions 11 into a plurality of zones 12.
  • these individual zones 12 for example, water with different temperatures can be used. It is also conceivable that in individual zones 12, the water is vortexed to increase the cooling capacity. This is advantageous Provided water bath 9 with a fresh water supply to provide constantly cool water can.
  • a spraying device 13 can be provided, through which the primary strand 7 is further cooled.
  • a trigger device 14 may be provided for the withdrawal of the primary strand 7 from the water bath 9.
  • the trigger device 14 may be embodied, for example, as a galette trio.
  • the individual roller elements 15 of the draw-off device 14 are cooled.
  • a further transport device 16 may be provided, which may also be designed as a galette trio. In this case, it is possible that the individual roller elements 15 are heated in order to heat the primary strand 7.
  • a stretching unit 17 Following these upstream devices there is a stretching unit 17.
  • a certain travel speed for the primary strand 7 is predetermined by the transporting device 16.
  • a further transport device 18 At the end of the stretching unit 17 there is a further transport device 18.
  • the withdrawal speed of the further transport device 18 is selected to be greater than that of the transport device 16.
  • the stretch ratio is preferably selected from a range between 2 and 40, preferably between 4 and 20.
  • the stretching can, as in the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1, be carried out predominantly along the main drawing direction 19, whereby slight draws transverse to the main drawing direction 19 can not be completely ruled out, so that a stretched strand 20 can be predominantly monoaxially drawn.
  • one or more warming devices 21 to be provided along the stretching unit 17, by means of which the primary strand 7 is set to an advantageous processing temperature for the drawing process. is brought.
  • the selection of the advantageous processing temperature depends on the particular plastic to be processed.
  • a further warming device 21 can be provided, by means of which the stretched strand 20 can be specifically relaxed.
  • a bias voltage is introduced into the stretched strand 20 by the pulling away of the plastic strand, which is effective in the main stretching direction 19.
  • the stretched strand 20 can be kept at elevated temperature for a definable period of time after the drawing operation by means of the further heating device 21 in order to relax the stretched strand 20.
  • the extent of the relaxation can be determined, for example, by the choice of the temperature and / or cycle time.
  • the stretched strand 20 can be passed through a further cooling device 22 in order to bring it to a corresponding temperature for further processing.
  • a further cooling device 22 in order to bring it to a corresponding temperature for further processing.
  • the individual roller elements 15 of the further transport device 18 are cooled in order to achieve the necessary cooling of the stretched strand 20.
  • a surface treatment device 23 is shown, in which at least one surface 24 of the primary strand 7 and / or the drawn strand 20 is modified or functionalized.
  • the surface treatment device 23 may not only be subsequently installed on the stretching unit 17, but rather it is also possible that the surface treatment device 23 is installed at a different position in the process flow before the stretching unit 17.
  • the surface treatment device 23 described here by way of example is located downstream of the stretching unit 17 and therefore treats the stretched strand 20.
  • a surface treatment device 23 which is installed in front of the stretching unit naturally treats the primary strand 7. All information relating to the surfaces 24 to be treated is also relevant then on the primary strand 7.
  • the surface treatment device 23 may be, for example, an apparatus for mechanical surface treatment, physical surface treatment, or chemical surface treatment.
  • a surface treatment device 23 for mechanical surface treatment may, for example, be implemented by a roller pair 25.
  • the roller pair 25 may be provided by means of a first roller 26 and a second roller 27 for the mechanical structuring of at least one surface 24 of the drawn strand 20.
  • the stretched strand 20 extends between the two rollers 26, 27th
  • the two rollers 26, 27 can be pressed against one another by means of a pretensioning device 28 in order to be able to carry out the stretched strand 20 independently of its thickness 29 with a constant clamping force between the rollers 26, 27.
  • the two rollers 26, 27 are arranged in their position to each other adjustable and lockable to each other in order to adapt to the thickness 29 of the stretched strand 20 can.
  • a roll structure 30 In order to process the surface 24 of the stretched strand 20 accordingly, a roll structure 30 must be provided in at least one of the rolls 26 or 27. Through this roll structure 30, a surface 24 of the strand 20 can be given a mechanical structuring. It is also possible that both rollers 26, 27 are formed with a roller structure 30.
  • the stretched strand 20 can be provided on both sides on its surface 24 with a mechanical structuring.
  • the roll structure 30 may be formed, for example, by protruding structural forms, such as pyramides and the like. It is also conceivable that the roller structure 30 is formed approximately by needle-shaped objects, which are designed to penetrate into the surface 24 of the stretched strand 20. As an alternative to the embodiment with two rollers 26, 27, it is also conceivable that only one roller 27 is carried out, which clamps the stretched strand 20 with a flat counter-holding plate. Alternatively or in addition to the mechanical surface treatment by a roller pair 25, a physical surface treatment device 31 may be provided.
  • a physical surface treatment device 31 may be advantageous if the stretched strand 20 has a non-polar, highly electrically insulating and water-repellent surface 24.
  • This surface 24 can by printing inks, solvents, aqueous
  • Plastic dispersions, adhesives or adhesion promoters be poorly wettable. This is the case in particular with polyethylene, polypropylene and polyester materials.
  • one possible physical surface treatment device 31 may be embodied as a corona treatment device.
  • the objective of such a physical surface treatment device 31 may be, for example, increasing the polarity of the surface 24, whereby wettability and chemical affinity of the surface 24 of the strand 20 can be significantly improved.
  • the physical surface treatment device 31 is embodied in the form of a corona treatment device at the end of the manufacturing process.
  • the stretched strand 20 is exposed to a high-voltage electrical discharge. This occurs between a grounded, polished roller 32 of steel or aluminum and a closely fitting insulated electrode 33.
  • the stretched strand 20 lies on the polished roller 32, so that only the surface 33 of the stretched strand 20 facing the electrode 33 is treated.
  • the electrode 33 is supplied by a high-frequency generator with an AC voltage of 10 kV to 20 kV and a frequency between 10 kHz and 60 kHz. Due to the corona treatment, the surface tension (dynung) in the stretched strand 20 can have a value between 38 mN / m to 44 mN / m. Since the surface tension is caused by dispersive and polar interaction components, the introduction of polar functional groups in particular increases the polar component of the surface tension.
  • the surface tension of the drawn strand 20 should be above the surface tension of the desired coating material.
  • the ratio between polar and dispersive interaction should be as close as possible to the surface tension of the drawn strand 20 and the desired coating material.
  • a test method for measuring the surface tension is the contact angle measurement or contact angle measurement.
  • a drop of liquid is placed on the surface 24 on a test piece of the drawn strand 20 and under high magnification of the
  • the polar and dispersive fractions of the surface tension of the film can be determined.
  • a flame treatment, a fluorination or a plasma treatment can be carried out.
  • a chemical surface treatment device 34 may be provided.
  • oxidizing agents may be provided for the plastic classes used in each case. These can be, for example, acids and alkalis.
  • an adhesive 35 on a side surface 36 which may be part of the surface 24 of the stretched strand 20, is applied.
  • a physical surface treatment it may be advantageous that a physical surface treatment has been carried out beforehand.
  • a further process step may be provided, in which, viewed along a processing direction 37, the primary strand 7 or the stretched strand 20 is divided into a plurality of divided strands 38. This can be done by means of a division s device 39, which is shown symbolically here.
  • the division s device 39 may comprise, for example, a cutting unit 40 in the form of a cutting blade or in the form of a cutting roller.
  • the primary strand 7 or the stretched strand 20 can in this case be divided in any orientation and thus converted into a plurality of divided strands 38. However, it is preferable that the primary strand 7 or the stretched strand 20 is divided as seen in its width.
  • the packaging device 41 may comprise, for example, a spool 42 and a spool cutting unit 43, as shown for the lower strand 38.
  • Such coils 42 may serve for bulk portioning of reinforcing elements 2. Such wound coils 42 can be transported, for example, to a further processing plant located at a remote location, where they are fed to their further processing.
  • the packaging device 41 can comprise, for example, a piece cutting unit 44, as illustrated for the upper strand 38.
  • This piece cutting unit 44 can be designed to cut the drawn strand 20 or even the divided strand 38 into short pieces, which can then be fed to their further processing.
  • the cutting unit 44 is by a traversed with the stretched strand 20 or even the split strand 38 cutting tool formed to enable a continuous manufacturing process.
  • the piece cutting unit 44 is formed by a cutting roller 45, which comprises a peripheral cutting unit 46. It can be provided that the cutting unit 46 corresponds to a recess 47 of a counter-holder roller 48.
  • a shaping device 49 is provided, by means of which the reinforcing element 2 is brought into a special shape.
  • the forming device 49 may include, for example, a die and a punch.
  • the shaping device comprises forming rollers for the continuous production of a specific extruded profile.
  • Such support extensions 64 may be attached to the longitudinal ends of a reinforcing element 2 by, for example, molding a thermoplastic on the two cross-sectional surfaces 51. As already described above, such mounting extensions 64 can be advantageous for holding reinforcing elements 2 when connecting the reinforcing elements 2 to components or objects.
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic representation of a reinforcing element 2 in a perspective view.
  • the reinforcing element 2 shown here consists of a plastic strand 50.
  • the reinforcing element 2 has a cross-sectional area 51 on the face side with a substantially rectangular cross-sectional shape. It is possible, however, that the
  • Cross-sectional area 51 has various rib-like and along the main tver stretching direction 19 extending stiffening forms 52, which may contribute to increasing the rigidity of the reinforcing element 2.
  • a thickness 53 of the reinforcing element 2 has an influence on the bending stiffness with respect to a transverse axis 54. The larger the thickness 53 of the reinforcing element 2 is chosen, the greater is the bending stiffness about the transverse axis 54 of the reinforcing element 2.
  • Stiffeners 52 may help to increase the flexural stiffness about the transverse axis 54.
  • the reinforcing element 2 has an embossing 60 at least on one surface 24.
  • the surface 24 includes the broad side 55 and the narrow side 58.
  • the embossment 60 may be, for example, a diamond-like geometry, which is mounted in relief on the reinforcing element 2.
  • the embossing 60 can also be introduced, for example, in the form of micropores 61 into the reinforcing element 2, which are particularly well suited for improving, for example, the connection to a further material.
  • the micropores 61 may be formed, for example, in the form of piercing holes 62, which have been produced by mechanical processing, for example by means of needle rollers.
  • An embossing 60 may, for example, also be designed in the form of a fraying 63 for increasing the surface roughness, which leads to an increased bondability of the surface to another material.
  • the surface 24 has been prepared for example by a physical surface treatment or by a chemical surface treatment for the connection of the surface 24 to another element.
  • an untreated reinforcing element 2 has a nonpolar, electrically well insulating and water-repellent surface 24.
  • This surface 24 may be poorly wettable by printing inks, solvents, aqueous polymer dispersions, adhesives or adhesion promoters. This is the case in particular with polyethylene, polypropylene and polyester materials.
  • the quality of connection to a material to be joined to the reinforcing element 2 may also be worse or inadequate, for example due to an untreated surface.
  • the goal of such a physical surface treatment may be to increase the polarity of the surface 24, thereby improving wettability and chemical affinity.
  • the surface tension can be increased by a physical surface treatment method such as the corona treatment.
  • the surface tension exhibited by the reinforcing element 2 depends on how long the surface treatment process has already taken place. Immediately after the surface treatment, a surface tension of between 38 mN / m and 44 mN / m may be present on the surface 24 of the reinforcing element 2. If the surface treatment process is already around 4 weeks back, a reduction of the surface tension of approx. 10% can be determined.
  • the surface tension may have been increased by flame treatment, fluorination or plasma treatment.
  • a test method for measuring the surface tension is the contact angle measurement or contact angle measurement.
  • a liquid droplet is placed on the surface 24 on the reinforcement element 2 and the contact angle is increased by a large magnification. tact angle) of the droplet compared to the surface 24 determined. The smaller the angle, the better the wetting.
  • the polar and dispersive fractions of the surface tension of the film can be determined.
  • the invention provides for the formation of layers 65 or webs 66 comprising reinforcing elements 2 according to the invention, which webs 65 or webs 66 may in turn be provided for joining to a matrix of an object consisting of a (substantially) unstretched plastic material.
  • Fig. 3 is an example of a scrim 65
  • Fig. 4 an example of a fabric 66 is shown.
  • the same reference numerals or component designations are used as in the preceding FIGS. 1 and 2. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, reference is made to the detailed description in the preceding Figs. 1 and 2 or reference.
  • both a scrim 65 and a woven fabric 66 may comprise a plurality of first plastic strands 67 and further plastic strands 68, the first plastic strands 67 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 passing through stretched first reinforcing elements 2 are formed.
  • These stretched first reinforcing elements 2 are each arranged with respect to their longitudinal axes 59 in their position relative to each other (substantially) in parallel.
  • the further plastic strands 68 are arranged (essentially) parallel to one another with respect to their longitudinal axes 69, and (substantially) transversely to the longitudinal axes 59 of the extended first reinforcing elements 2 with respect to their longitudinal axes 69.
  • the arrangement of the first reinforcing elements 2 and the other plastic strands 68 can be made such that by overlaying the reinforcing elements 2and the further plastic strands 68, a scrim 65 is formed, as shown in Fig. 3.
  • a fabric 66 shown in FIG. 4 can be formed. Both in the exemplary fabric 65 shown in FIG. 3 and in the exemplary fabric 66 shown in FIG. 4, overlapping regions 70 are formed at which the reinforcement elements 2 and the other plastic strands 68 overlap and touch each other.
  • the first reinforcing elements 2 are disposed on all overlapping regions 70 on one side of the fabric 65, while the other plastic fibers 68 are disposed on all the overlapping regions 70 on the other side of the fabric 65.
  • the first reinforcing elements 2, top 'and the other plastic strands 68, bottom' are arranged.
  • first reinforcing elements 2 or the further plastic strands 68 'at the top' are arranged at the overlapping regions 70, the arrangement of the first reinforcing elements 2 and the further plastic strands 68 at other overlapping regions 70 can be reversed.
  • the exemplary embodiment of a fabric 66 shown in FIG. 4 represents a so-called "plain weave". In this fabric weave, a first reinforcing element 2 is arranged at a first overlapping region 70 'above' and is arranged at the bottom 'overlapping regions directly adjacent to the first overlapping region.
  • first reinforcing element 2 thus alternates at respectively directly adjoining overlapping regions 70 along its longitudinal axis 59 between 'above' and 'below'.
  • any other scrim or fabric types can also be used.
  • so-called multiaxial fabrics comprising three or more layers of elements or strands can also be used.
  • the arrangement angle of the respective elements of a layer of strands with respect to their respective longitudinal axes relative to each other can basically be varied as desired.
  • the other plastic strands 68 may also be formed by stretched first reinforcing elements 2.
  • the further reinforcing elements substantially arranged transversely to the stretched first reinforcing elements 2 to resemble (substantially) the first reinforcing elements 2. Additional possibilities for determining the mechanical properties and other properties of a fabric 65 or fabric 66 result from the fact that the further plastic strands 68 of a fabric 65 or fabric 66 are formed differently from the first reinforcement elements 2.
  • the further plastic strands 68 can be formed by reinforcing elements with a lower draw ratio than that of the first reinforcing elements 2. It is also possible that the further plastic strands 68 are formed by (substantially) unstretched plastic strands. Basically, any plastic materials can be used. Such additional plastic strands 68 or unstretched plastic strands can be formed, for example, by adhesive auxiliary strands. In particular, the further plastic strands 68 can be formed by melt adhesive strands.
  • a bonding process for bonding a fabric 65 or fabric 66 to a matrix of an object can be performed simply and efficiently, since the hot melt at least partially softens such hot melt adhesives and thereby as a bonding agent between the first reinforcing elements 2 and a (substantially) unstretched plastic material an object to be amplified can be effective.
  • Adhesive auxiliary strands or adhesives whose melting temperature is less than the melting temperature of the first reinforcing elements 2 can be used, whereby a loss of the molecular orientation of the polymer chains of the first reinforcing elements 2 during a joining process can be effectively prevented.
  • the first reinforcing elements 2 and the further plastic strands 68 can be arranged in the direction of their respective transverse axes 54, 71 spaced from each other in the scrim 65 or fabric 66.
  • both the exemplary scrim 65 in FIG. 3 and the exemplary woven fabric 66 shown in FIG. 4 are formed by grid-like structures with passages 72.
  • neither a first reinforcing element 2 nor another synthetic material strand 68 is arranged at the positions of these passages 72.
  • the passages 72 can be penetrated by a matrix of an object to be reinforced that is composed of a (substantially) undrawn plastic material.
  • a Versêtung the connection between a scrim 65 and tissue 66 and the matrix of an object can be achieved.
  • the dimensions of the passages 72 of a fabric 65 or fabric 66 shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 can in principle be set arbitrarily in the course of production by laying or weaving.
  • the passages 72 in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 are shown as relatively large in size for better clarity.
  • the distances between the stretched first reinforcing elements 2 and the other plastic strands 68 can also be selected to be smaller than shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • Dimensioning of the grid-like structure of a mat 65 or of a fabric 66 can take place during the production of a mat 65 or fabric 66. On the one hand, this can be carried out by appropriately laying or weaving the first reinforcing elements 2 and the further plastic strands 68 by arranging the first reinforcing elements 2 and further plastic strands 68 spaced apart from each other in the direction of their respective transverse axes 54, 71.
  • the determination of the lattice-shaped structure or size of the passages 72 can also be carried out in a consolidation step following the laying or weaving.
  • Such consolidation can be achieved, for example, by the action of thermal energy and / or pressure on a presented scrim 65 or a pre-woven fabric 66.
  • An exemplary way to consolidate a fabric 65 is shown in FIG.
  • the same reference numerals or component designations are again used for the same parts as in the preceding FIGS. To avoid unnecessary repetition, reference is made to the detailed description in the preceding Figs. 1 to 4 or reference.
  • FIG. 5 schematically illustrates a consolidation or solidification of a mat 65 by means of a heating press 73.
  • the scrim 65 can be positioned, for example, between two pressing jaws 74, wherein the pressing jaws 74 can be made heatable.
  • differently configured pressing tools would be suitable for solidifying a jaw 65 as shown in FIG.
  • the solidification of the Geleges 65 shown in Fig. 5 65 is carried out by applying a pressing force on the scrim 65, or the first reinforcement simplantation 2 and the other plastic strands 68 of the jaw 65.
  • the pressing force can both one-sided and from both sides on the scrim 65 are applied, as indicated by the arrows labeled 'F' in FIG.
  • a (at least for the most part) one-piece scrim 65 or fabric 66 can be provided, wherein the plastic materials of the stretched first reinforcing elements 2 and the other plastic strands 68 can penetrate at least partially materially.
  • scrim 65 or fabric 66 can be provided, which is very easy to handle for further process steps.
  • a consolidation can be carried out in such a way that a lattice-shaped structure of a web 65 or fabric 66 results with passages 72 of the desired size.
  • the consolidation can be performed incomplete, so that openings or passages 72 remain with the desired dimensions in the lattice structure of the web 65 and tissue 66.
  • a targeted adjustment of the degree of consolidation or the structure of the resulting Gele 65 or fabric 66 by varying the temperature and / or the pressure to achieve during consolidation.
  • the residence time of a fabric 65 or a fabric 66 can be varied at a certain pressure and temperature.
  • a consolidation of a backing 65 or fabric 66 according to the invention is carried out at as low a temperature and as high a pressure as possible in order to avoid a loss of the molecular orientation of the polymer chains in the versatility of the invention.
  • pressure and temperature in any case on the material used in each case for the first reinforcing elements 2 and the other plastic strands 68 of a fabric 65 or a fabric 66 must be considered.
  • a stretched plastic strand 20 can be purposefully relaxed by means of the already explained above and arranged in FIG. 1 after the stretching unit 17, further warming-up device 21.
  • the extent of the relaxation can be determined, for example, via the choice of the temperature and / or the cycle time through the further warm-up device 21.
  • stretched strands 20 along the main stretch direction 19 may be achieved by adjusting a lower temperature of the further warm-up device 21.
  • the residence time of the stretched strand 20 in the warm-up device 21 can be shortened.
  • a process step for relaxing the stretched strand 20 can also be omitted altogether. If the highest possible internal prestress in the elongated strand 20 is desired, the stretched strand 20 can also be cooled as quickly as possible by means of the further cooling device 22 arranged downstream of the further heating device 21 in FIG. 1.
  • prestressed first reinforcing elements 2 in a layer 65 or fabric 66 can be advantageous with respect to a deformation of a matrix of an object consisting of (substantially) unshaped plastic material.
  • the further plastic material may be in the form of a strip or to form one or more strips, one surface of the strip or strips being a printing element. genlong.
  • the compressive residual stress can be produced by a corresponding cooling process of the plastic material for the first reinforcing element 2.
  • the plastic material of the object reinforced with the first reinforcing element 2 or the fabric 65 or the scrim 66 forms a three-dimensional object and the first reinforcing element 2 or the fabric 65 or the scrim 66 outside the neutral fiber of the three-dimensional article of the plastic material , and preferably within the plastic material.
  • the jaw 66 and the fabric 65 is preferred if this is completely formed fiber-free.
  • the stretching of the plastic material to the first reinforcing element 2 can be uniaxial, biaxial or multiaxial.
  • the first reinforcing element 2, the fabric 66 and the fabric 65 are preferably used for reinforcing a plastic article made of a thermoplastic material or for producing a composite material, in which the further, the matrix-forming material is also a thermoplastic. It is preferred if the first reinforcing element 2, the fabric 66 and the fabric 65 consist of or comprise a thermoplastic which is composed of the same monomer units as the thermoplastic of the matrix.
  • Transport device 43 bobbin cutting unit

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Shaping By String And By Release Of Stress In Plastics And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un élément de renfort (2) constitué d'un cordon de matière plastique (50) et destiné à être lié à une matrice d'un objet, la matrice de l'objet étant principalement composée d'au moins un matériau plastique sensiblement non étiré, et l'élément de renfort (2) comprenant au moins un matériau thermoplastique semi-cristallin. Le cordon de matière plastique (50) est étiré principalement uniaxialement, et une surface de section (51) de l'élément de renfort (2), perpendiculaire à la direction d'étirage principale, (19) présente une forme de section sensiblement rectangulaire. L'invention concerne également un procédé de fabrication d'un tel élément de renfort (2).
EP14806161.7A 2013-09-30 2014-09-30 Élément de renfort et procédé de fabrication d'un tel élément de renfort Withdrawn EP3052690A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ATA50634/2013A AT514852A2 (de) 2013-09-30 2013-09-30 Verstärkungselement, sowie Verfahren zum Herstellen eines derartigen Verstärkungselementes
PCT/AT2014/050228 WO2015042631A1 (fr) 2013-09-30 2014-09-30 Élément de renfort et procédé de fabrication d'un tel élément de renfort

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DE102016121651A1 (de) 2016-11-11 2018-05-17 Teufelberger Ges.M.B.H. Kunststoffumreifungsband und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kunststoffumreifungsbandes

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SI1409244T1 (sl) * 2001-07-19 2008-04-30 Lankhorst Pure Composites Bv Poliolefinski film, trak ali nit
DE102008063545C5 (de) * 2008-12-09 2015-04-30 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Multiaxialgelege, Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Faserverbundkunststoffs und Faserverbundkunststoff

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