Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H13/00—Pulp or paper, comprising synthetic cellulose or non-cellulose fibres or web-forming material
  • D21H13/10—Organic non-cellulose fibres
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H13/00—Pulp or paper, comprising synthetic cellulose or non-cellulose fibres or web-forming material
  • D21H13/10—Organic non-cellulose fibres
  • D21H13/12—Organic non-cellulose fibres from macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D21H13/14—Polyalkenes, e.g. polystyrene polyethylene
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
  • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
  • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
  • B42D25/20—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose
  • B42D25/29—Securities; Bank notes
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
  • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
  • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
  • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
  • B42D25/36—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery comprising special materials
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H13/00—Pulp or paper, comprising synthetic cellulose or non-cellulose fibres or web-forming material
  • D21H13/10—Organic non-cellulose fibres
  • D21H13/12—Organic non-cellulose fibres from macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D21H13/18—Polymers of unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof, e.g. polyacrylonitriles
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H13/00—Pulp or paper, comprising synthetic cellulose or non-cellulose fibres or web-forming material
  • D21H13/10—Organic non-cellulose fibres
  • D21H13/20—Organic non-cellulose fibres from macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D21H13/24—Polyesters
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H13/00—Pulp or paper, comprising synthetic cellulose or non-cellulose fibres or web-forming material
  • D21H13/10—Organic non-cellulose fibres
  • D21H13/20—Organic non-cellulose fibres from macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D21H13/26—Polyamides; Polyimides
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H15/00—Pulp or paper, comprising fibres or web-forming material characterised by features other than their chemical constitution
  • D21H15/02—Pulp or paper, comprising fibres or web-forming material characterised by features other than their chemical constitution characterised by configuration
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
  • D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
  • D21H21/40—Agents facilitating proof of genuineness or preventing fraudulent alteration, e.g. for security paper

Definitions

• the present invention relates to fibrous documents, including secure documents.
• the invention relates more particularly but not exclusively to a paper suitable for producing secure documents and to its manufacturing process.
• “Secure document” means a security or valuable document, such as a means of payment, for example a bank note, a check, a bank card or a restaurant ticket, an identity document, such as an identity card, a visa, a passport, including the personal data page of a passport, an inlay or a driving license, a lottery ticket, a ticket or an entry ticket to cultural or sporting events.
• a document substrate security elements, for example in the form of fibers, boards, films, knitted structures or security threads.
• the document substrate may itself be made of a material that is difficult to counterfeit, and is then referred to as a "safety substrate".
• cellulosic substrates so-called “composite” substrates, plastic substrates and so-called “hybrid” substrates are known.
• Cellulosic substrates are fibrous substrates generally obtained by the papermaking process, also called wet process, from cellulosic fibers such as hardwood fibers, coniferous fibers, annuals, especially cotton, or their mixtures.
• composite substrates are cellulosic substrates whose fibrous composition comprises, in addition to the cellulosic fibers, synthetic fibers.
• Such fibers are generally introduced at levels of less than 20% by dry weight relative to the total weight of the substrate, and their use makes it possible to increase the mechanical strength of the substrate.
• cellulosic fibers plays an important role in the entanglement and fixation of synthetic fibers, which makes it possible to reveal the intrinsic potential of synthetic fibers. Indeed, in the development of the mechanical performance of a sheet material, the performance of the polymer of the synthetic fibers are important but the ability of interaction of the fibers between them is also critical. The presence of refined cellulosic fibers greatly favors the bridging between the cellulose and the polymer of the synthetic fibers.
• Composite substrates have better resistance to circulation than cellulosic substrates.
• resistance to circulation denotes the combination of the following properties: bending resistance, tear resistance and resistance to soiling.
• hybrid substrates comprise at least one cellulosic or composite substrate associated with at least one plastic layer. With respect to the cellulosic or composite substrate that composes them, they generally exhibit equivalent tear resistance and improved bending resistance.
• Hybrid substrates used in the field of safety substrates are described in particular in the applications WO 2006/066431 , WO 2004/028825 , EP 1 854 641 , WO 03/054297 and WO 94/29105 .
• Plastic substrates are conventionally obtained by extrusion of a polymer. These substrates are normally of "very high durability”.
• plastic substrates are in particular described in the applications EP 2,225,102 , WO 99/67093 , WO 97/01438 and WO 83/00659 . These substrates have good resistance to bending and soiling, but their resistance to tear initiation is relatively low.
• nonwoven substrate is defined in ISO 9092 and EN 29092 as being a manufactured sheet, consisting of a directionally or randomly oriented fiber web or web, bonded by friction and / or cohesion, and / or adhesion , excluding paper and products obtained by weaving, knitting, tufting or seaming, incorporating binding yarn or filament or felts by wet embossing, whether or not needle punched.
• Nonwovens are described as being suitable for use as safety substrates in applications WO 2002/38368 and FR 2,447,995 .
• These substrates generally consist of long non-cellulosic fibers, for example of length between 3 and 25 mm, and have a high mass volume and porosity, which gives them a low resistance to soiling.
• the nonwovens are manufactured according to various processes, especially in the dry process, for example by carding or aerodynamic process (also called “Airlaid”), in the melted process, especially by extrusion (also called “Spunbond”) or extrusion blow molding (also called “Meltblown”), wet (also called “Wetlaid”) according to a process similar to the paper process, or in other ways, including dissolution in a solvent (also called “Flash spinning”).
• Nonwovens made in the wet process generally comprise cellulosic fibers, for example at least 10%, especially in order to ensure better cohesion to the substrate obtained.
• the hydrogen bonds formed between these fibers do not make it possible to ensure sufficient cohesion to the substrate and it is therefore necessary to at least one bonding step.
• Such a bond can be achieved by impregnation, spraying or coating of latex, by thermo-fixing, by needling or water jet binding (also called "Spunlace").
• the mechanical properties of a paper can also be improved by introducing into the mass of it reinforcing fibers.
• These reinforcing fibers are generally introduced at a rate of more than 3% by dry weight, relative to the total mass by dry weight of the paper fibers, and are most often based on synthetic polymers type polyamide 6.6 (PA 6.6) or polyethylene terephthalate (PET) for the mechanical strength that these polymers confer and for economic reasons, manufacturing and good interaction with the cellulosic fibers of the paper.
• PA 6.6 polyamide 6.6
• PET polyethylene terephthalate
• synthetic fibers By “synthetic fibers”, it is necessary to understand fibers made with one or more synthetic polymers, which are polymers obtained from a chemical synthesis, in particular by a polymerization reaction of monomers, coupled or not to a crosslinking reaction.
• the tear strength is determined according to ISO 1974 "Paper - Determination of Tear Strength - Elmendorf Method” and bending strength according to ISO 5626 "Paper; determination of the folding resistance ".
• Cellulose substrates Composite substrates Hybrid substrates Plastic substrates Tear resistance (mN) 800 1100 800 250 Folding resistance 2500 5000 > 5000 > 50000
• the substrate according to the invention is a paper, which means that it is obtained by papermaking, in particular according to an inclined table method, flat table and / or round shape. It is preferably a round shape process, for example to obtain a better definition of watermark or to incorporate, at least partially in mass, a security thread.
• the techniques conventionally used to secure the papers can thus be used to secure the substrate according to the invention.
• the substrate according to the invention has improved properties compared with cellulosic papers, in particular an upper tear resistance.
• Fibrillated fibers are fibers with fibrils, i.e., extensions that deviate from the body of the fiber.
• the fibrillated fibers may in particular be fibers in which at least one wall has been partially broken off, causing the partial release of fibrils.
• Such fibers are branched by the fibrils, the section of which is much smaller than that of the fiber as a whole, which increases the interaction of these fibers with the other fibers, in particular synthetic fibers, and limits the ability of the fibers to slip the fibers. one against the other.
• Such fibers are described for example in the documents FR1317778 and FR2199015 .
• the fibrillated fibers therefore play an important role in the cohesion of a paper according to the invention, in particular by entanglement effects.
• the paper according to the invention may comprise fibrillated synthetic fibers which are polyamide (PA), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET), polyvinyl alcohol fibers. (PVA), aromatic polyester (for example Vectran® marketed by Kuraray), polyamide imide, polyolefin and preferably polyacrylic fibers, for example such as those marketed by Sterling under the reference CFF 111-2 .
• the material of the fibrillated synthetic fibers has a tensile strength of between 300 and 600 MPa.
• the presence of the fibrillated synthetic fibers in the invention overcomes the absence or the lower amount of cellulosic fibers, and provides the desired mechanical performance in terms of resistance to tearing and bending.
• the paper comprises fibrillated fibers of polyethylene, in particular of high-density polyethylene. Indeed, in addition to their ease of implementation, these fibers make it possible to obtain a good rendering of watermark.
• the proportion of fibrillated fibers of polyethylene is preferably greater than 50% by dry weight relative to the total dry weight of the fibers.
• the average length of the fibrillated fibers of polyethylene is preferably between 0.5 and 2 mm.
• the fibrillated synthetic fibers have an average length of between 0.5 mm and 8 mm, preferably between 2 mm and 8 mm and better still between 4 and 6.5 mm.
• the specific surface of the fibrillated synthetic fibers according to the invention is preferably between 35 and 75 m 2 / g, more preferably about 50 m 2 / g. It is measured according to ISO 9277 "Determination of the mass area (specific surface area) of solids by gas adsorption - BET method".
• the paper according to the invention comprises more than 5% by dry weight, better still more than 10% by dry weight and more preferably more than 20% by dry weight, of synthetic fibers fibrillated with respect to the total weight of the paper.
• the paper according to the invention comprises more than 50% by dry weight of fibrillated synthetic fibers relative to the total weight of the paper
• the fibrillated synthetic fibers may be white or colored, in particular of a color that may be the same or different from that (s) of other synthetic fibers.
• the level of fibrillation of the fibers may be between 5 and 700 ml and preferably between 5 and 100 ml according to the CSF standard.
• the fibers may contain at least one tracer, said tracer for identifying the fibers by a specific means, in particular by exposure to UV and / or IR radiation and / or by exposure to a chemical developer.
• This tracer can thus be a luminescent tracer, especially fluorescent under UV or IR.
• the fibrillated fibers may not all have the same formulation.
• the non-fibrillated synthetic fibers are chosen from polyamide (PA), polyacrylic, polypropylene (PP), poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), aromatic polyester (for example Vectran® marketed by Kuraray), polyamide imide, ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH), polyolefin and preferably polyethylene (PE).
• PA polyamide
• PP polypropylene
• PET poly (ethylene terephthalate)
• PVA polyvinyl alcohol
• aromatic polyester for example Vectran® marketed by Kuraray
• polyamide imide ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer
• EVOH ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer
• PE polyolefin
• PE polyethylene
• the non-fibrillated synthetic fibers are more preferably polyamide fibers.
• non-fibrillated synthetic fibers may be polyamide 6.6 1.7dTex 4mm fibers marketed by Rhodia or polyethylene terephthalate fibers marketed by Kuraray under the reference EP023 5mm.
• the paper according to the invention preferably comprises less than 95% by dry weight, better less than 90% by dry weight and more preferably less than 80% by dry weight of non-fibrillated synthetic fibers, based on the total weight of the paper.
• the non-fibrillated synthetic fibers have a number average length of between 3 and 6 mm, and a titer of between 0.3 and 1.7 dtex.
• the non-fibrillated synthetic fibers have a titration of less than 2 dtex, better still less than 1 dtex, and even more preferably less than 0.5 dtex.
• the non-fibrillated synthetic fibers are, for example, the fibers marketed under the reference mini Eslon by the company Woongjin, and are PET fibers of 0.3 dtex, or for example the fibers marketed under the reference EP023 by Kuraray, and are PET fibers of 0.33 dtex.
• the non-fibrillated synthetic fibers may have the same color as the fibrillated fibers or a different color.
• the paper according to the invention may comprise less than 5% by dry weight of non-synthetic fibers, such as cellulosic fibers, relative to the total weight of the paper, and preferably less than 2% by dry weight of non-cellulosic fibers by relative to the total weight of the paper, even better be free of non-synthetic fibers, such as cellulosic fibers.
• the fibers of the paper according to the invention consist exclusively of fibrillated synthetic fibers and non-fibrillated synthetic fibers.
• a polymeric binder such as polyvinyl alcohol, which has a synergy with the synthetic fibers, surprisingly allowing the development of the folding resistance.
• the application of the polymeric binder may be by impregnation, surfacing or coating, preferably the polymeric binder being introduced at least partially by mass.
• the composition may comprise an anionic polymeric dispersion, in particular flocculated.
• the composition comprises at least 10% by dry weight of anionic polymeric dispersion, in particular flocculated.
• anionic polymeric dispersion can improve the folding resistance of the paper.
• the latex used is, for example, the latex marketed by Dow Chemicals under the reference 94755.04 or a latex as described in the international application. WO2008152299 .
• the formulation of the paper according to the invention may also comprise a main cationic flocculating agent, in an amount of between 1 and 5% by dry weight relative to the total weight of the paper, and optionally a secondary cationic flocculating agent, in an amount between 0.1 and 0.5% by dry weight, chosen from a cationic resin, polyacrylamides, polyethyleneimines, polyvinylamines and their mixtures, preferably a cationic resin, and more preferably a polyamide-amine-epichloridin resin.
• a main cationic flocculating agent in an amount of between 1 and 5% by dry weight relative to the total weight of the paper
• a secondary cationic flocculating agent in an amount between 0.1 and 0.5% by dry weight, chosen from a cationic resin, polyacrylamides, polyethyleneimines, polyvinylamines and their mixtures, preferably a cationic resin, and more preferably a polyamide-amine-epichloridin resin.
• binders may be used, including a transparent or translucent elastomeric binder, such as a polyurethane and a colloidal silica, or an acrylic polymer binder or styrene-acrylic copolymer.
• flocs aggregates of a polyurethane having a considerable elongation at break, for example greater than 600%, may be incorporated into the paper by anionic dispersion, especially in a proportion of between 5 and 45.degree. % by dry weight relative to the total weight of the paper.
• the paper according to the invention may comprise any adjuvants and compounds conventionally used in the manufacture of papermaking paper, such as fillers, retention agents, bonding agents and / or resistance agents in the state. wet, especially epichlorohydrin resins.
• the paper according to the invention can in particular comprise mouth-porous fillers, in particular plastics, for example the polyvinyl chloride (PVC) particles marketed by Kem One under the reference Lacovyl Pb 1302.
• PVC polyvinyl chloride
• Such fillers make it possible, in particular, to densify the paper according to the invention.
• the paper according to the invention can be manufactured according to the usual manufacturing techniques of cellulosic papers, except the steps specifically related to the presence of cellulosic fibers if they are absent.
• the refining step which is particularly energy-consuming, can be advantageously suppressed.
• the manufacturing method can be adapted to the presence of security elements such as a watermark or security thread.
• the paper preferably has a hand less than or equal to 2.5 cm 3 / g, better a hand less than or equal to 2 cm 3 / g and more preferably less than or equal to 1.5 cm 3 / g.
• the paper may have a thickness between 100 and 300 microns, better between 100 and 150 microns. It is measured according to ISO 534 "Paper and board - Determination of thickness, density and specific volume”.
• the basis weight of the paper may be between 70 g / m 2 and 150 g / m 2 and preferably between 90 g / m 2 and 110 g / m 2 . It is measured according to ISO 536 "Paper and board - Determination of grammage".
• the paper according to the invention may comprise a watermark.
• This watermark can be formed on round shape or flat table.
• the watermark can be of any known type, for example clear and / or dark, possibly multiton or multiton effect, for example as described in the patent EP 1 122 360 , EP 2,350,384 and EP 2 550 395 .
• the paper according to the invention may comprise a security thread introduced in bulk or between two jets of paper according to the invention bonded in the wet phase.
• the security thread can be at least partially introduced into the paper.
• the paper may comprise a fibrous ribbon, especially a cellulosic fibrous ribbon as described in the application WO2008043965 , a plastic ribbon or a knitted ribbon, especially as described in the application WO2006016088 .
• the wire may be metallized and / or holographic and / or interferential and / or provided with optical structures, including lenses or mirrors.
• the paper according to the invention can be single or multijet.
• the jets may or may not have the same fibrous composition.
• the paper may comprise firstly a jet of synthetic fibers according to the invention, and secondly a jet of cellulosic fibers, assembled in wet phase, the jet according to the invention then constituting a reinforcing jet.
• the jets can be of the same color or not.
• the Bendsten porosity of the paper may be between 0 mL / min and 10,000 mL / min, better still between 1 mL / min and 7000 mL / min. It is measured according to ISO 5636-3 "Paper and cardboard; determination of air permeability (average value); Part 3: Bendtsen method »
• the double-fold folding resistance Schopper of the paper according to the invention is greater than 5000, more preferably greater than 20000, better still greater than 50000. It is measured according to ISO 5626 "Paper; determination of the folding resistance ".
• the tear resistance of the paper is greater than 1000 mN, better still greater than 2000 mN, more preferably greater than 3000 mN. It is measured according to ISO 1974 "Paper - Determination of tear strength - Elmendorf method"
• the invention makes it possible to obtain a synthetic paper whose mechanical properties, in particular the resistance to bending and tearing, are superior to those of a conventional paper, while at the same time allowing, if it is desired, to produce watermarks of quality and quality. satisfactory resolution.
• the paper according to the invention comprises a security element, in particular a watermark or a security thread, for example a thread introduced into window (s), as mentioned above.
• the invention also relates to a secure document comprising a paper according to the invention.
• the secure document is a bank note.
• the secure document can also be another type of payment method such as a check or a restaurant ticket, an identity document such as an identity card, a visa, a passport, including the personal data page of a passport, a secure label, a heat-shrinkable secure sleeve, a "prelam” or "inlay” insert for a passport or card, in particular a smart card, or a driver's license, a lottery ticket, a ticket, a ticket entrance to cultural or sports events, a playing card or a card to collect.
• An insert is a layer supporting a contactless communication device, preferably radio frequency.
• the paper according to the invention and / or the secure document made with the paper according to the invention may comprise one or more additional security elements as defined below.
• security elements comprise for example colored fibers or boards. These security elements are called first level.
• Additional security elements are detectable only with a relatively simple apparatus, such as a lamp emitting in the ultraviolet (UV) or infrared (IR).
• UV ultraviolet
• IR infrared
• These security elements comprise for example fibers, boards or particles. These security elements may be visible to the naked eye or not, being for example luminescent under a lighting of a Wood lamp emitting in a wavelength of 365 nm. These security elements are said to be second level.
• Additional security elements require for their detection a more sophisticated detection device.
• These security elements are for example capable of generating a specific signal when they are subjected, simultaneously or not, to one or more external excitation sources. The automatic detection of the signal makes it possible to authenticate, if necessary, the document.
• These security elements comprise, for example, tracers in the form of active materials, particles or fibers capable of generating a specific signal when these tracers are subjected to optronic, electrical, magnetic or electromagnetic excitation. These security elements are said to be third level.
• the additional security element (s) present in the paper according to the invention or the secure document according to the invention may have first, second or third level security features.
• the additional safety element or elements can be fixed to the document by simple heating, thus avoiding the use of a heat activatable adhesive.
• the properties of a substrate whose fibrous composition is 100% fibrillated fibers were first compared to those of a substrate comprising 50% fibrillated fibers and 50% polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibers and those of a substrate comprising 50% fibrillated fibers and 50% polyamide fibers (PA 6.6).
• PET polyethylene terephthalate
• Example 1 Example 2
• Example 3 CFF fibrillated polyacrylic fibers 11-2 100% 50% Other fibers, non-fibrillated 50% PET Kuraray EP023 5mm 50% Rhodia PA 6-6 1.7 dtex 4 mm weight g / m 2 98.6 87.2 92.6 Hand cm 3 / g 2.90 3.58 3.69 Tear resistance mN 540 1620 1600 Index (tear) mNm 2 / g 5.5 18.6 17.3 The proportions are mass.
• the folding resistance is improved by treatment with a binder such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH).
• a binder such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH).
• PVOH polyvinyl alcohol

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• 2013
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  • 2014-09-19 WO PCT/IB2014/064675 patent/WO2015040589A1/fr not_active Ceased
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