EP3034989B1 - Projectile - Google Patents

Projectile Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3034989B1
EP3034989B1 EP15003499.9A EP15003499A EP3034989B1 EP 3034989 B1 EP3034989 B1 EP 3034989B1 EP 15003499 A EP15003499 A EP 15003499A EP 3034989 B1 EP3034989 B1 EP 3034989B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
projectile
flange
penetration body
indenter
projection
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP15003499.9A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3034989A1 (en
Inventor
Axel Pfersmann
Thomas Falter
Rainer Himmert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Diehl Defence GmbH and Co KG
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Diehl Defence GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP3034989A1 publication Critical patent/EP3034989A1/en
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Publication of EP3034989B1 publication Critical patent/EP3034989B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/04—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type
    • F42B12/06—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with hard or heavy core; Kinetic energy penetrators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/20—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type
    • F42B12/201—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type characterised by target class
    • F42B12/204—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type characterised by target class for attacking structures, e.g. specific buildings or fortifications, ships or vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B14/00—Projectiles or missiles characterised by arrangements for guiding or sealing them inside barrels, or for lubricating or cleaning barrels
    • F42B14/02—Driving bands; Rotating bands
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B14/00—Projectiles or missiles characterised by arrangements for guiding or sealing them inside barrels, or for lubricating or cleaning barrels
    • F42B14/06—Sub-calibre projectiles having sabots; Sabots therefor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a projectile, with a bullet casing forming an indenter, which has an interior filled with explosives.
  • Such, for example DE 21 11 736 A1 known bullets are used as ammunition for guns, such as machine guns, z. B. Infrastructure objectives to combat.
  • Conventional projectiles have a sub-caliber indenter, which is usually fired by means of a sabot from a gun barrel.
  • the sabot which may optionally consist of several segments, serves to seal the tube.
  • the sabot forms a larger area of action for the gas pressure, so that the subcaliber indenter a greater muzzle velocity can be awarded.
  • the sabot elements detach on a conventional projectile and move uncontrollably, for example in lateral directions.
  • MOUT Military Operations in Urban Terrain
  • the flying sabot segments may endanger the shooter in unfavorable circumstances.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to provide a projectile in which a threat is avoided by detached sabot elements.
  • the indenter has at its rear end radially outwardly facing projections on which a surrounding the indenter flange is positively held.
  • the projectile according to the invention has no sabot in the region of its rear end, which otherwise serves to seal the tube and forms a larger area of action for the projectile gases.
  • the rear end of the projectile according to the invention has a flange whose rear axial surface forms the effective surface for the projectile gases. It is essential that the surrounding flange of the indenter is formed so that it does not dissolve immediately after leaving the muzzle, but only when the indenter bounces on a target and this penetrates. Only after hitting a target, the flange dissolves during penetration, so that only the indenter penetrates into the target. The flange is therefore not firmly connected to the indenter, but only positively held on the indenter. As the indenter penetrates the target, the flange loosens, breaking into several segments.
  • At least one at least approximately radially extending contact surface is formed between the projections of the indenter and the flange. This contact surface creates a positive connection, so that the pressure generated by the propellant gases is transmitted via the flange on the projections of the indenter, whereby the sub-caliber indenter is accelerated.
  • a preferred embodiment of the projectile according to the invention provides that the indenter has a plurality of projections spaced apart in the longitudinal direction and / or in the circumferential direction. It is possible that a projection extends over the entire circumference and is thus formed circular or annular. Alternatively, the indenter can also have a plurality of projections distributed over the circumference and spaced from each other, for example two, three or four such projections. Alternatively or additionally, a plurality of rows of projections arranged in the longitudinal direction of the indenter can be provided. The projections are preferably tooth-shaped and project from the cylindrical indenter radially outward.
  • a projection of a projectile according to the invention also has an outer surface which is inclined to the longitudinal axis of the projectile and has a diameter which increases towards the rear end of the projectile.
  • the flange divides into several parts or fragments as soon as the elongation at break of the flange material is reached. First This results in a widening of the flange, which is caused by the comparatively shallow angle of the inclined outer surface of the projection relative to the longitudinal axis of the projectile. Then the indenter without the rear flange penetrates the target.
  • a projection of the indenter has the previously mentioned inclined outer surface, a rear contact surface and a front surface inclined to the longitudinal axis of the projectile.
  • a projection may be formed like a fin and protrude radially from the indenter to the outside.
  • a free space is further formed between the front, inclined to the longitudinal axis of the projectile surface of the projection and the flange.
  • the flange is designed in several parts and / or segmented.
  • the plurality of segments or parts are fixed by a suitable retaining means, such as a front ring and / or a rear ring, until the flange is released upon impact of the indenter on a target.
  • the flange has at least one predetermined breaking point which causes the flange to break down on impact and / or when the indenter penetrates into a target.
  • a predetermined breaking point can be formed, for example, as a recess or as a material weakening in the form of a notch, a groove or the like. This creates a predefined break point that causes the flange to be split into multiple segments and disengaged from the indenter track.
  • the flange consists of a light metal alloy, in particular of an aluminum alloy.
  • the flange may be made of a fiber composite material, preferably containing carbon fibers and / or glass fibers.
  • the front flange is formed analogous to the rear flange.
  • the projectile according to the invention can have an igniter or a time fuse in order to ignite the explosive received in the interior of the indenter.
  • the igniter is preferably arranged at the front or at the rear end of the interior and / or closes the interior.
  • a projectile may be provided with a projectile casing in which a discharge charge is received.
  • FIG. 1 in a side view
  • FIG. 2 in a cut view
  • Projectile 1 shown in a perspective view comprises an indenter 2, which forms a projectile casing, which has an interior space 3, which is filled with explosive 4.
  • the projectile At its rear end, the projectile has a rear flange 7, which is held in a form-fitting manner on the indenter 2.
  • the rear end of the projectile 1 is formed by an igniter 8.
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional view and shows an enlarged detail in the region of the connection between the indenter 2 and the rear flange 7.
  • the substantially cylindrical indentor 2 has a radially outwardly facing projection 9, which is bounded by three surfaces.
  • the projection 9 has a rear surface 10 which extends approximately perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the indenter 2 over part of the circumference.
  • the rear surface 10 forms a common contact surface with the flange 7, that is, the flange 7 contacts via the rear surface 10, the projection 9 of the indenter 2.
  • the projection 9 has an outer surface 11 which adjoins the rear surface 10 and the extends over part of the circumference of the projection 9.
  • the outer surface 11 is inclined to the longitudinal axis of the indenter 2 such that the diameter of a cone formed by the outer surface 11 increases toward the rear end of the projectile 1.
  • the projection 9 is not directly connected to the flange 7, but instead a free space 13 is formed there, so that the surface 12 of the projection 9 is spaced from the opposite surface of the flange 7.
  • FIG. 4 shows only a single projection 9, the projectile 1 may also have a plurality of longitudinally spaced-apart projections 9 in other embodiments. Likewise, a plurality of separate and spaced projections may be present in the circumferential direction.
  • the rear flange 7, of which in FIG. 4 only a section is shown in this embodiment consists of several equal segments, each extending over a certain angular range. Since the flange 7 is divided, it can be easily mounted so as to be held by the projections 9. In addition, a retaining ring 14 is provided, which is assigned to the rear flange 7.
  • the rear flange 7 transmits the gas forces on the rear surface 10 of the projection 9 on the projection 9 and thus on the indenter 2, whereby this is accelerated. In this way, the subcaliber projectile 1 can reach a high muzzle velocity.
  • the indenter 2 When hitting a target, the indenter 2 penetrates into the target. During the penetration, the rear flange 7 comes in contact with the target material. As a result, the flange 7 experiences a counterforce acting from the front, which causes the flange 7 to be widened in the area of the outer surface 11 until the breaking elongation of the material from which the flange 7 is produced is reached.
  • the rear flange 7 is made of an aluminum alloy. The widening of the flange 7 in the region of the outer surface 11 is promoted by having the outer surface 11 of the projection 9 and the corresponding opposite inner surface of the flange 7 at a shallow angle.
  • the flange 7 distributed over the circumference arranged predetermined breaking points, which are designed as material weakening, for example in the form of a wall thickness reduction.
  • the flange 7 is divided into several fragments or segments, which then impact the inclined surface 12 of the projection 9. Since the surface 12 forms a comparatively steep angle with the longitudinal axis of the projectile 1, a discharge of the fragments and segments of the flange 7 from the path of the indenter 2 is favored.
  • the igniter 8 can be adjusted so that the ignition is triggered only when the indenter 2 has penetrated a target material, so that a target located behind it can be combated.
  • projectile 1 has the advantage that the shooter is not endangered by sabot segments that fly away in the region of the muzzle.
  • the projectile 1 is particularly well suited for military operations in urban terrain (MOUT).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Geschoss, mit einer einen Eindringkörper bildenden Geschosshülle, die einen mit Sprengstoff befüllten Innenraum aufweist.The invention relates to a projectile, with a bullet casing forming an indenter, which has an interior filled with explosives.

Derartige, beispielsweise aus DE 21 11 736 A1 bekannte Geschosse werden als Munition für Rohrwaffen, beispielsweise für Maschinenkanonen eingesetzt, um z. B. Infrastrukturziele zu bekämpfen. Herkömmliche Geschosse weisen einen unterkalibrigen Eindringkörper auf, der üblicherweise mittels eines Treibspiegels aus einer Rohrwaffe verschossen wird. Der Treibspiegel, der gegebenenfalls aus mehreren Segmenten bestehen kann, dient zur Abdichtung des Rohrs. Der Treibspiegel bildet eine größere Wirkungsfläche für den Gasdruck, so dass dem unterkalibrigen Eindringkörper eine größere Mündungsgeschwindigkeit verliehen werden kann. Nach dem Verlassen des Rohrs lösen sich bei einem herkömmlichen Geschoss die Treibspiegelelemente und bewegen sich unkontrolliert, beispielsweise in seitliche Richtungen. In bestimmten Einsatzsituationen, beispielsweise bei MOUT-Einsätzen (Military Operations in Urban Terrain) kann es durch die umherfliegenden Treibspiegelsegmente unter ungünstigen Umständen allerdings zu einer Gefährdung des Schützen kommen.Such, for example DE 21 11 736 A1 known bullets are used as ammunition for guns, such as machine guns, z. B. Infrastructure objectives to combat. Conventional projectiles have a sub-caliber indenter, which is usually fired by means of a sabot from a gun barrel. The sabot, which may optionally consist of several segments, serves to seal the tube. The sabot forms a larger area of action for the gas pressure, so that the subcaliber indenter a greater muzzle velocity can be awarded. After leaving the tube, the sabot elements detach on a conventional projectile and move uncontrollably, for example in lateral directions. However, in certain situations, such as MOUT (Military Operations in Urban Terrain) operations, the flying sabot segments may endanger the shooter in unfavorable circumstances.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Geschoss anzugeben, bei dem eine Gefährdung durch abgelöste Treibspiegelelemente vermieden wird.The invention is therefore based on the object to provide a projectile in which a threat is avoided by detached sabot elements.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist bei einem Geschoss der eingangs genannten Art erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, dass der Eindringkörper an seinem hinteren Ende radial nach außen weisende Vorsprünge aufweist, an denen ein den Eindringkörper umgebender Flansch formschlüssig gehaltert ist.To solve this problem is inventively provided in a projectile of the type mentioned that the indenter has at its rear end radially outwardly facing projections on which a surrounding the indenter flange is positively held.

Anders als bei einem herkömmlichen Geschoss weist das erfindungsgemäße Geschoss keinen Treibspiegel im Bereich seines hinteren Endes auf, der ansonsten zum Abdichten des Rohrs dient und der eine größere Wirkungsfläche für die Geschossgase bildet. Stattdessen weist das hintere Ende des erfindungsgemäßen Geschosses einen Flansch auf, dessen hintere Axialfläche die Wirkungsfläche für die Geschossgase bildet. Wesentlich ist dabei, dass der den Eindringkörper umgebende Flansch so ausgebildet ist, dass er sich nicht unmittelbar nach dem Verlassen der Rohrmündung löst, sondern erst dann, wenn der Eindringkörper auf ein Ziel aufprallt und dieses durchdringt. Erst nach dem Auftreffen auf ein Ziel löst sich der Flansch beim Eindringen, so dass lediglich der Eindringkörper in das Ziel eindringt. Der Flansch ist daher nicht fest mit dem Eindringkörper verbunden, sondern lediglich formschlüssig an dem Eindringkörper gehaltert. Beim Eindringen des Eindringkörpers in das Ziel löst sich der Flansch, der dabei in mehrere Segmente zerbricht.Unlike a conventional projectile, the projectile according to the invention has no sabot in the region of its rear end, which otherwise serves to seal the tube and forms a larger area of action for the projectile gases. Instead, the rear end of the projectile according to the invention has a flange whose rear axial surface forms the effective surface for the projectile gases. It is essential that the surrounding flange of the indenter is formed so that it does not dissolve immediately after leaving the muzzle, but only when the indenter bounces on a target and this penetrates. Only after hitting a target, the flange dissolves during penetration, so that only the indenter penetrates into the target. The flange is therefore not firmly connected to the indenter, but only positively held on the indenter. As the indenter penetrates the target, the flange loosens, breaking into several segments.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Geschoss wird es bevorzugt, dass zwischen den Vorsprüngen des Eindringkörpers und dem Flansch wenigstens eine sich zumindest näherungsweise radial erstreckende Kontaktfläche gebildet ist. Diese Kontaktfläche erzeugt einen Formschluss, so dass der von den Treibgasen erzeugte Druck über den Flansch auf die Vorsprünge des Eindringkörpers übertragen wird, wodurch der unterkalibrige Eindringkörper beschleunigt wird.In the projectile according to the invention it is preferred that at least one at least approximately radially extending contact surface is formed between the projections of the indenter and the flange. This contact surface creates a positive connection, so that the pressure generated by the propellant gases is transmitted via the flange on the projections of the indenter, whereby the sub-caliber indenter is accelerated.

Eine bevorzugte Ausführung des erfindungsgemäßen Geschosses sieht vor, dass der Eindringkörper mehrere in Längsrichtung und/oder in Umfangsrichtung voneinander beabstandete Vorsprünge aufweist. Es ist möglich, dass ein Vorsprung sich über den gesamten Umfang erstreckt und somit kreisförmig bzw. ringförmig ausgebildet ist. Alternativ kann der Eindringkörper auch mehrere über den Umfang verteilt angeordnete und voneinander beabstandete Vorsprünge aufweisen, beispielsweise zwei, drei oder vier derartige Vorsprünge. Alternativ oder zusätzlich können mehrere in Längsrichtung des Eindringkörpers angeordnete Reihen von Vorsprüngen vorgesehen sein. Die Vorsprünge sind vorzugsweise zahnartig geformt und stehen von dem zylinderförmigen Eindringkörper radial nach außen ab. Ein Vorsprung eines erfindungsgemäßen Geschosses weist ferner eine zur Längsachse des Geschosses geneigte Außenfläche mit einem sich zum hinteren Ende des Geschosses vergrößernden Durchmesser auf. Beim Auftreffen des Eindringkörpers teilt sich der Flansch in mehrere Teile oder Bruchstücke, sobald die Bruchdehnung des Flanschwerkstoffs erreicht ist. Zunächst kommt es dabei zu einer Aufweitung des Flansches, was durch den vergleichsweise flachen Winkel der geneigten Außenfläche des Vorsprungs bezogen auf die Längsachse des Geschosses bewirkt wird. Anschließend durchdringt der Eindringkörper ohne den hinteren Flansch das Ziel.A preferred embodiment of the projectile according to the invention provides that the indenter has a plurality of projections spaced apart in the longitudinal direction and / or in the circumferential direction. It is possible that a projection extends over the entire circumference and is thus formed circular or annular. Alternatively, the indenter can also have a plurality of projections distributed over the circumference and spaced from each other, for example two, three or four such projections. Alternatively or additionally, a plurality of rows of projections arranged in the longitudinal direction of the indenter can be provided. The projections are preferably tooth-shaped and project from the cylindrical indenter radially outward. A projection of a projectile according to the invention also has an outer surface which is inclined to the longitudinal axis of the projectile and has a diameter which increases towards the rear end of the projectile. Upon impact of the indenter, the flange divides into several parts or fragments as soon as the elongation at break of the flange material is reached. First This results in a widening of the flange, which is caused by the comparatively shallow angle of the inclined outer surface of the projection relative to the longitudinal axis of the projectile. Then the indenter without the rear flange penetrates the target.

Bei einem erfindungsgemäßen Geschoss weist ein Vorsprung des Eindringkörpers die zuvor erwähnte geneigte Außenfläche, eine hintere Kontaktfläche und eine vordere, zur Längsachse des Geschosses geneigte Fläche auf. Somit kann ein Vorsprung flossenartig ausgebildet sein und von dem Eindringkörper radial nach außen abstehen. Erfindungsgemäß ist ferner zwischen der vorderen, zur Längsachse des Geschosses geneigten Fläche des Vorsprungs und dem Flansch ein Freiraum gebildet. Nach dem Zerteilen oder Zerbrechen des Flansches beim Auftreffen auf ein Ziel kommen Bruchteile oder Segmente des Flansches in Kontakt mit der vorderen, zur Längsachse des Geschosses geneigten Fläche des Vorsprungs, die einen vergleichsweise steilen Winkel aufweist, wodurch ein schnelles Ausrücken der Bruchteile oder Segmente aus der Bahn des Eindringkörpers bewirkt wird.In a projectile according to the invention, a projection of the indenter has the previously mentioned inclined outer surface, a rear contact surface and a front surface inclined to the longitudinal axis of the projectile. Thus, a projection may be formed like a fin and protrude radially from the indenter to the outside. According to the invention, a free space is further formed between the front, inclined to the longitudinal axis of the projectile surface of the projection and the flange. After the cutting or breaking of the flange when hitting a target fractions or segments of the flange come into contact with the front, inclined to the longitudinal axis of the projectile surface of the projection, which has a relatively steep angle, whereby a rapid disengagement of the fractions or segments of the Path of the indenter is effected.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Geschoss wird es bevorzugt, dass der Flansch mehrteilig und/oder segmentiert ausgebildet ist. Die mehreren Segmente oder Teile werden durch ein geeignetes Haltemittel, beispielsweise einen vorderen Ring und/oder einen hinteren Ring, fixiert, bis der Flansch beim Auftreffen des Eindringkörpers auf ein Ziel gelöst wird.In the projectile according to the invention it is preferred that the flange is designed in several parts and / or segmented. The plurality of segments or parts are fixed by a suitable retaining means, such as a front ring and / or a rear ring, until the flange is released upon impact of the indenter on a target.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Geschoss weist der Flansch wenigstens eine ein Zerlegen des Flansches beim Aufprallen auf und/oder beim Eindringen des Eindringkörpers in ein Ziel bewirkende Sollbruchstelle auf. Eine Sollbruchstelle kann beispielsweise als Ausnehmung oder als Materialschwächung in Form einer Kerbe, einer Nut oder dergleichen ausgebildet sein. Dadurch wird eine vordefinierte Bruchstelle geschaffen, die bewirkt, dass der Flansch in mehrere Segmente geteilt und aus der Bahn des Eindringkörpers ausgerückt wird.In the projectile according to the invention, the flange has at least one predetermined breaking point which causes the flange to break down on impact and / or when the indenter penetrates into a target. A predetermined breaking point can be formed, for example, as a recess or as a material weakening in the form of a notch, a groove or the like. This creates a predefined break point that causes the flange to be split into multiple segments and disengaged from the indenter track.

Im Hinblick auf den Werkstoff des erfindungsgemäßen Geschosses wird es bevorzugt, dass der Flansch aus einer Leichtmetalllegierung besteht, insbesondere aus einer Aluminiumlegierung. Alternativ kann der Flansch aus einem Faserverbundmaterial bestehen, das vorzugsweise Kohlenstofffasern und/oder Glasfasern enthält.With regard to the material of the projectile according to the invention, it is preferred that the flange consists of a light metal alloy, in particular of an aluminum alloy. Alternatively, the flange may be made of a fiber composite material, preferably containing carbon fibers and / or glass fibers.

Vorzugsweise ist der vordere Flansch analog zu dem hinteren Flansch ausgebildet.Preferably, the front flange is formed analogous to the rear flange.

Das erfindungsgemäße Geschoss kann einen Zünder oder einen Zeitzünder aufweisen, um den in dem Innenraum des Eindringkörpers aufgenommenen Sprengstoff zu zünden. Der Zünder ist vorzugsweise am vorderen oder am hinteren Ende des Innenraums angeordnet und/oder verschließt den Innenraum.The projectile according to the invention can have an igniter or a time fuse in order to ignite the explosive received in the interior of the indenter. The igniter is preferably arranged at the front or at the rear end of the interior and / or closes the interior.

Darüber hinaus kann ein Geschoss mit einer Geschosshülse versehen sein, in der eine Ausstoßladung aufgenommen ist.In addition, a projectile may be provided with a projectile casing in which a discharge charge is received.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen erläutert. Die Zeichnungen sind schematische Darstellungen und zeigen:

Figur 1
eine Seitenansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Geschosses;
Figur 2
eine geschnittene Ansicht des in Figur 1 gezeigten Geschosses;
Figur 3
das in Figur 1 gezeigte Geschoss in einer perspektivischen Ansicht; und
Figur 4
eine geschnittene Ansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Geschosses im Bereich des hinteren Flansches.
The invention will be explained below with reference to an embodiment with reference to the drawings. The drawings are schematic representations and show:
FIG. 1
a side view of a projectile according to the invention;
FIG. 2
a sectional view of the in FIG. 1 shown projectile;
FIG. 3
this in FIG. 1 shown projectile in a perspective view; and
FIG. 4
a sectional view of a projectile according to the invention in the region of the rear flange.

Das in Figur 1 in einer Seitenansicht, in Figur 2 in einer geschnittenen Ansicht und in Figur 3 in einer perspektivischen Ansicht gezeigte Geschoss 1 umfasst einen Eindringkörper 2, der eine Geschosshülle bildet, die einen Innenraum 3 aufweist, der mit Sprengstoff 4 befüllt ist. Am vorderen Ende des Geschosses 1 befinden sich eine im Wesentlichen konische Haube 5 und ein vorderer Flansch 6.This in FIG. 1 in a side view, in FIG. 2 in a cut view and in FIG. 3 Projectile 1 shown in a perspective view comprises an indenter 2, which forms a projectile casing, which has an interior space 3, which is filled with explosive 4. At the front end of the projectile 1 there is a substantially conical hood 5 and a front flange 6.

An seinem hinteren Ende weist das Geschoss einen hinteren Flansch 7 auf, der formschlüssig an dem Eindringkörper 2 gehaltert ist. Das hintere Ende des Geschosses 1 wird durch einen Zünder 8 gebildet.At its rear end, the projectile has a rear flange 7, which is held in a form-fitting manner on the indenter 2. The rear end of the projectile 1 is formed by an igniter 8.

Figur 4 ist eine geschnittene Ansicht und zeigt ein vergrößertes Detail im Bereich der Verbindung zwischen dem Eindringkörper 2 und dem hinteren Flansch 7. In Figur 4 erkennt man, dass der im Wesentlichen zylinderförmige Eindringkörper 2 einen radial nach außen weisenden Vorsprung 9 aufweist, der durch drei Flächen begrenzt wird. FIG. 4 is a sectional view and shows an enlarged detail in the region of the connection between the indenter 2 and the rear flange 7. In FIG. 4 it can be seen that the substantially cylindrical indentor 2 has a radially outwardly facing projection 9, which is bounded by three surfaces.

Der Vorsprung 9 weist eine hintere Fläche 10 auf, die sich näherungsweise senkrecht zur Längsachse des Eindringkörpers 2 über einen Teil des Umfangs erstreckt. Die hintere Fläche 10 bildet eine gemeinsame Kontaktfläche mit dem Flansch 7, d. h. der Flansch 7 berührt über die hintere Fläche 10 den Vorsprung 9 des Eindringkörpers 2. Daneben weist der Vorsprung 9 eine Außenfläche 11 auf, die sich an die hintere Fläche 10 anschließt und die sich über einen Teil des Umfangs des Vorsprungs 9 erstreckt. In Figur 4 erkennt man, dass die Außenfläche 11 derart zur Längsachse des Eindringkörpers 2 geneigt ist, dass sich der Durchmesser eines durch die Außenfläche 11 gebildeten Kegels zum hinteren Ende des Geschosses 1 hin vergrößert.The projection 9 has a rear surface 10 which extends approximately perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the indenter 2 over part of the circumference. The rear surface 10 forms a common contact surface with the flange 7, that is, the flange 7 contacts via the rear surface 10, the projection 9 of the indenter 2. In addition, the projection 9 has an outer surface 11 which adjoins the rear surface 10 and the extends over part of the circumference of the projection 9. In FIG. 4 it can be seen that the outer surface 11 is inclined to the longitudinal axis of the indenter 2 such that the diameter of a cone formed by the outer surface 11 increases toward the rear end of the projectile 1.

An die Außenfläche 11 schließt sich nach vorne eine weitere geneigte Fläche 12 an, die die Außenfläche 11 mit der Außenseite des Eindringkörpers 2 verbindet. Wie in Figur 4 zu sehen ist, bildet die Außenfläche 11 einen vergleichsweise flachen Winkel mit der Längsachse des Geschosses 1, im Gegensatz zu der Fläche 12, die einen vergleichsweise steilen Winkel mit der Längsachse des Geschosses 1 bildet.Adjoining the outer surface 11 to the front of another inclined surface 12, which connects the outer surface 11 with the outside of the indenter 2. As in FIG. 4 As can be seen, the outer surface 11 forms a comparatively shallow angle with the longitudinal axis of the projectile 1, in contrast to the surface 12, which forms a comparatively steep angle with the longitudinal axis of the projectile 1.

An dieser Stelle ist der Vorsprung 9 nicht direkt mit dem Flansch 7 verbunden, stattdessen ist dort ein Freiraum 13 gebildet, so dass die Fläche 12 des Vorsprungs 9 von der gegenüberliegenden Fläche des Flansches 7 beabstandet ist.At this point, the projection 9 is not directly connected to the flange 7, but instead a free space 13 is formed there, so that the surface 12 of the projection 9 is spaced from the opposite surface of the flange 7.

Figur 4 zeigt lediglich einen einzigen Vorsprung 9, das Geschoss 1 kann bei anderen Ausführungen auch mehrere in Längsrichtung voneinander beabstandete Vorsprünge 9 aufweisen. Ebenso können in Umfangsrichtung mehrere separate und beabstandete Vorsprünge vorhanden sein. FIG. 4 shows only a single projection 9, the projectile 1 may also have a plurality of longitudinally spaced-apart projections 9 in other embodiments. Likewise, a plurality of separate and spaced projections may be present in the circumferential direction.

Der hintere Flansch 7, von dem in Figur 4 nur ein Ausschnitt gezeigt ist, besteht in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel aus mehreren gleich großen Segmenten, die sich jeweils über einen bestimmten Winkelbereich erstrecken. Da der Flansch 7 geteilt ist, kann er einfach montiert werden, so dass er durch die Vorsprünge 9 gehalten ist. Zusätzlich ist ein Haltering 14 vorgesehen, der dem hinteren Flansch 7 zugeordnet ist.The rear flange 7, of which in FIG. 4 only a section is shown in this embodiment consists of several equal segments, each extending over a certain angular range. Since the flange 7 is divided, it can be easily mounted so as to be held by the projections 9. In addition, a retaining ring 14 is provided, which is assigned to the rear flange 7.

Beim Abschuss des Geschosses 1 überträgt der hintere Flansch 7 die Gaskräfte über die hintere Fläche 10 des Vorsprungs 9 auf den Vorsprung 9 und somit auf den Eindringkörper 2, wodurch dieser beschleunigt wird. Auf diese Weise kann das unterkalibrige Geschoss 1 eine hohe Mündungsgeschwindigkeit erreichen.When shooting the projectile 1, the rear flange 7 transmits the gas forces on the rear surface 10 of the projection 9 on the projection 9 and thus on the indenter 2, whereby this is accelerated. In this way, the subcaliber projectile 1 can reach a high muzzle velocity.

Beim Auftreffen auf ein Ziel dringt der Eindringkörper 2 in das Ziel ein. Während des Eindringvorgangs kommt der hintere Flansch 7 in Kontakt mit dem Zielmaterial. Dadurch erfährt der Flansch 7 eine von vorn wirkende Gegenkraft, die bewirkt, dass der Flansch 7 im Bereich der Außenfläche 11 aufgeweitet wird, bis die Bruchdehnung des Materials, aus dem der Flansch 7 hergestellt ist, erreicht ist. In dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel besteht der hintere Flansch 7 aus einer Aluminimumlegierung. Die Aufweitung des Flansches 7 im Bereich der Außenfläche 11 wird dadurch begünstigt, das die Außenfläche 11 des Vorsprungs 9 bzw. die entsprechende gegenüberliegende Innenfläche des Flansches 7 einen flachen Winkel aufweist. Zusätzlich weist der Flansch 7 über den Umfang verteilt angeordnete Sollbruchstellen auf, die als Materialschwächung, beispielsweise in Form einer Wandstärkenverringerung, ausgebildet sind. Auf diese Weise wird der Flansch 7 in mehrere Bruchstücke oder Segmente zerteilt, die anschließend auf die geneigte Fläche 12 des Vorsprungs 9 aufprallen. Da die Fläche 12 einen vergleichsweise steilen Winkel mit der Längsachse des Geschosses 1 bildet, wird ein Abführen der Bruchstücke und Segmente des Flansches 7 aus der Bahn des Eindringkörpers 2 begünstigt. Der Zünder 8 kann so eingestellt werden, dass der Zündvorgang erst ausgelöst wird, wenn der Eindringkörper 2 ein Zielmaterial durchschlagen hat, so dass ein dahinter befindliches Ziel bekämpft werden kann.When hitting a target, the indenter 2 penetrates into the target. During the penetration, the rear flange 7 comes in contact with the target material. As a result, the flange 7 experiences a counterforce acting from the front, which causes the flange 7 to be widened in the area of the outer surface 11 until the breaking elongation of the material from which the flange 7 is produced is reached. In the illustrated embodiment, the rear flange 7 is made of an aluminum alloy. The widening of the flange 7 in the region of the outer surface 11 is promoted by having the outer surface 11 of the projection 9 and the corresponding opposite inner surface of the flange 7 at a shallow angle. In addition, the flange 7 distributed over the circumference arranged predetermined breaking points, which are designed as material weakening, for example in the form of a wall thickness reduction. In this way, the flange 7 is divided into several fragments or segments, which then impact the inclined surface 12 of the projection 9. Since the surface 12 forms a comparatively steep angle with the longitudinal axis of the projectile 1, a discharge of the fragments and segments of the flange 7 from the path of the indenter 2 is favored. The igniter 8 can be adjusted so that the ignition is triggered only when the indenter 2 has penetrated a target material, so that a target located behind it can be combated.

Das anhand der Figuren 1 bis 4 erläuterte Geschoss 1 weist den Vorteil auf, dass der Schütze nicht durch Treibspiegelsegmente gefährdet wird, die im Bereich der Rohrmündung davonfliegen. Das Geschoss 1 ist besonders gut für militärische Operationen in urbanem Gelände (MOUT) geeignet.That on the basis of FIGS. 1 to 4 explained projectile 1 has the advantage that the shooter is not endangered by sabot segments that fly away in the region of the muzzle. The projectile 1 is particularly well suited for military operations in urban terrain (MOUT).

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Geschossbullet
22
Eindringkörperindenter
33
Innenrauminner space
44
Sprengstoffexplosive
55
HaubeHood
66
Flanschflange
77
Flanschflange
88th
Zünderfuze
99
Vorsprunghead Start
1010
Flächearea
1111
Außenflächeouter surface
1212
Flächearea
1313
Freiraumfree space
1414
Halteringretaining ring

Claims (6)

  1. Projectile (1), comprising a projectile casing which forms a penetration body (2) and which has an interior (3) filled with explosive (4),
    the penetration body (2) having on its rear end radially outwardly directed projections (9) on which a flange (7) surrounding the penetration body (2) is held in a positively engaging manner, the flange (7) having at least one predetermined breaking point which causes fragmentation of the flange (7) when the penetration body (2) strikes and/or penetrates into a target,
    a projection (9) of the penetration body (2) having an outer face (11) which is inclined with respect to the longitudinal axis of the projectile (1) and which has a diameter increasing towards the rear end of the projectile (1),
    the projection (9) of the penetration body (2) having a rear contact face (10) and a front face (12) which is inclined with respect to the longitudinal axis of the projectile (1), and
    a clearance (13) being formed between the front face (12) of the projection (9) that is inclined with respect to the longitudinal axis of the projectile (1) and the flange (7).
  2. Projectile according to Claim 1,
    characterized in that
    at least one at least approximately radially extending contact face is formed between the projections (9) of the penetration body (2) and the flange (7).
  3. Projectile according to Claim 1 or 2,
    characterized in that
    the penetration body has a plurality of projections (9) spaced apart from one another in the longitudinal direction and/or in the circumferential direction.
  4. Projectile according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the flange (7) is of multi-part and/or segmented design.
  5. Projectile according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the flange (7) is composed of a light metal alloy, in particular of an aluminium alloy, or of a fibre composite material preferably containing carbon fibres and/or glass fibres.
  6. Projectile according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    it has a fuse (8) or a time fuse which is preferably arranged in the interior (3) or closes the interior (3).
EP15003499.9A 2014-12-19 2015-12-08 Projectile Active EP3034989B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014019198.2A DE102014019198A1 (en) 2014-12-19 2014-12-19 bullet

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3034989A1 EP3034989A1 (en) 2016-06-22
EP3034989B1 true EP3034989B1 (en) 2018-07-04

Family

ID=54838152

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15003499.9A Active EP3034989B1 (en) 2014-12-19 2015-12-08 Projectile

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3034989B1 (en)
DE (1) DE102014019198A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2687290T3 (en)
ZA (1) ZA201509169B (en)

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3695181A (en) * 1970-03-12 1972-10-03 Space Res Corp Sub-caliber projectile
DE2630830A1 (en) * 1976-07-09 1978-01-19 Dynamit Nobel Ag DRIVING MIRROR FLOOR
US4653404A (en) * 1984-03-01 1987-03-31 Olin Corporation High velocity notched ammunition sabot
BE1015378A5 (en) * 2003-06-17 2005-02-01 Bruaene Rik Van Projectile for armor piercing hand gun caliber ammunition includes penetrator with means for restricting movement of accelerator
DE502004001961D1 (en) * 2004-02-13 2006-12-21 Ruag Ammotec BARIKADENBRECHER
MXPA06013084A (en) * 2004-05-11 2007-05-23 Ruag Ammotec Lead-free projectile.
AT502547B1 (en) * 2005-10-13 2009-10-15 Winter Udo Mag CARTRIDGE

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3034989A1 (en) 2016-06-22
DE102014019198A1 (en) 2016-06-23
ZA201509169B (en) 2017-03-29
ES2687290T3 (en) 2018-10-24

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