EP3027970B1 - Bougie-crayon de préchauffage pourvue d'un élément chauffant en céramique à mise en contact électrique intérieure, et procédé de fabrication de celle-ci - Google Patents

Bougie-crayon de préchauffage pourvue d'un élément chauffant en céramique à mise en contact électrique intérieure, et procédé de fabrication de celle-ci Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3027970B1
EP3027970B1 EP14752286.6A EP14752286A EP3027970B1 EP 3027970 B1 EP3027970 B1 EP 3027970B1 EP 14752286 A EP14752286 A EP 14752286A EP 3027970 B1 EP3027970 B1 EP 3027970B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
glow plug
sheathed
connecting element
plug according
heating element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP14752286.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3027970A1 (fr
Inventor
Andreas Reissner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP3027970A1 publication Critical patent/EP3027970A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3027970B1 publication Critical patent/EP3027970B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
    • F23Q7/001—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/02—Details
    • H05B3/06—Heater elements structurally combined with coupling elements or holders
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
    • H05B3/42—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible
    • H05B3/48—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/027—Heaters specially adapted for glow plug igniters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2214/00—Aspects relating to resistive heating, induction heating and heating using microwaves, covered by groups H05B3/00, H05B6/00
    • H05B2214/03—Heating of hydrocarbons

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrically heatable glow plug with a ceramic heating element for arrangement in a chamber of an internal combustion engine, such as a pre-vortex or combustion chamber of an air-compressing, self-igniting diesel engine. Furthermore, the invention relates to a production method of such a glow plug according to the invention.
  • diesel engines are widely used, which have a higher efficiency compared to gasoline-fueled internal combustion engines.
  • diesel engines often require a cold start aid during the starting process, since in a cold start of a diesel engine problem-free self-ignition of the injected diesel fuel is usually not possible. Even after the start, glow plugs can be used to improve the engine's cold running and its exhaust emissions.
  • GLP electrically heatable glow plug
  • glow plugs may have a heating element made of metal or ceramic, also called glow plug.
  • glow plugs are still widely used as a cold-start aid when starting kerosene-powered gas turbines and oil heaters.
  • the glow plug is usually made of electrically insulating ceramic material, such as silicon nitride, can be embedded in the highly electrically conductive leads and an internal heating conductor.
  • the heating and control function is combined in the heating element.
  • the ceramic glow plug is fixed in a metal tube and gas-tight pressed into a glow plug.
  • the electrical contacting of the positive pole of the glow plug which is usually provided by a provided at one end of the glow plug pad of the heating element, takes place by a connecting bolt, which is connected via a wire to the positive pole of the ceramic glow pin, and the electrical contact of the Minuspols the glow plug, that is, the ground connection to the engine block is made via the metal tube of the glow plug and the housing.
  • a connecting bolt which is connected via a wire to the positive pole of the ceramic glow pin
  • the electrical contact of the Minuspols the glow plug that is, the ground connection to the engine block is made via the metal tube of the glow plug and the housing.
  • the glow plug 9 consists in principle of a heating element 91, a present in the form of a central electrode of the glow plug, for example, connecting pin 92, a housing 93 and a contact plug 94.
  • the plus-contacting can be found here through the connecting pin 92 via a graphite tablet 95 as a contact element to the Heating element 91 instead, and a minus-contacting takes place via a graphite existing sealant 96 to the housing 93.
  • the graphite tablet 95 and the connecting bolt 92 are insulated from the housing 93 by ceramic clamping sleeves 97 and 98.
  • US Pat. No. 6,759,631 B1 in turn discloses a glow plug with an elastic electrically conductive connecting element, similar to the glow plug according to the invention according to claim 1, which connecting element is not in a recess of the ceramic heating element, but in a separate sleeve.
  • an electrically heatable glow plug with the features of claim 1 is proposed, preferably for the cold start aid of a self-igniting internal combustion engine, such as a diesel engine.
  • an electrically heatable glow plug comprises a receiving part, a ceramic heating element held in the receiving part with a positive pole and a negative pole, an electrically conductive connecting pin which is in electrical connection with the positive pole, and an electrically conductive connecting element is arranged between the terminal bolt and the positive pole.
  • the receiving part is usually a tubular component, preferably a support tube, which may be formed either as a separate part or sometimes as part of a housing of the glow plug.
  • the ceramic heating element of the glow plug according to the invention also called glow plug, consists in principle of electrically insulating ceramic material, for example silicon nitride, in which electrically highly conductive leads and an internal heating conductor can be embedded, as is known from the prior art discussed above Control function is combined in the heating element.
  • the positive pole is formed by one end of the heating conductor, which is exposed to the recess here unlike in the prior art, and the negative pole is joined by a connection of the heating conductor the outer shell of the glow plug instead, which is connected via the receiving part and the housing of the glow plug, which are preferably formed of metal, with the engine block as a ground connection.
  • the connecting element By embedding the connecting element in the recess of the heating element, so lying in the recess plus-contacting, wherein the recess shape may correspond to the shape of the connecting element, a separate fixation of the connecting element is unnecessary. Furthermore, insulation is already achieved by the held arrangement of the connecting element in the recess in the ceramic heating element with respect to the electrically conductive receiving part, which can be dispensed with additional insulating components between receiving part and connecting member. It is preferable that the connecting element is completely received in the recess.
  • the glow plug according to the invention may be formed so that a dimension of the recess in the width direction is greater than a dimension of the connecting element in the width direction, so a width extension of the recess perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the heating element is greater than a width extension of the connecting element perpendicular to its longitudinal axis , preferably with a dimension range of the width dimension of the recess of 1 to 2mm. It can thus be achieved that the connecting element between the recess inner wall and the connecting bolt can expand and thereby an electrical connection between the connecting bolt and positive pole of the heating element is improved by the expanded or deformed connecting element shape.
  • the connecting element is elastic.
  • the connecting element may have a tablet form, wherein the connecting element further preferably consists of graphite-based elastic material.
  • the connecting element may be configured as a compact.
  • the conductive connection element has electrically conductive properties, wherein the conductive connection element has electrically conductive properties, wherein the conductive connection element may comprise, for example, one or more of the following materials in solidified form: a metal powder, in particular a silver powder; a conductive ceramic powder; a graphite.
  • Graphite is preferably used as the material for the connecting element.
  • a wound metal braid would also be conceivable as an embodiment of the connecting element, wherein the metal should not oxidize.
  • connection bolt which is connected to the connection element in order to produce electrical contact between the connection bolt and the positive pole of the heating element, is arranged at least partially in the recess of the heating element.
  • the connecting bolt is further biased against the particular elastic connecting element, wherein the connecting bolt is pressed in the direction of the heating element and the connecting element is thus pressed or squeezed clamped between heating element and connecting pin.
  • the connecting element can thereby distribute around the end of the connecting bolt arranged in the recess and can be applied to this.
  • the bias of the connecting element or the connecting bolt must also be held by suitable measures in the region of the receiving part or the housing, with a variety of solutions are conceivable.
  • the glow plug according to the invention may further comprise a cover component.
  • the lid member may be a seal that seals the cavity to hold the ceramic powder in the receiving part and dirt and Moisture does not penetrate. Additionally or alternatively, the lid member may be implemented in the form of an electrically insulating sleeve which additionally electrically insulates and mechanically supports the terminal bolt relative to the receiving member.
  • a method for producing a previously described electrically heatable glow plug comprises the step of biasing the connecting bolt against the connecting element.
  • the connecting element is arranged in the recess of the heating element and is in electrical connection with the positive pole of the heating element.
  • one end of the connecting bolt which communicates with the connecting element in order to produce an electrical contact between the connecting bolt and the positive pole of the heating element, at least partially disposed in the recess of the heating element.
  • a glow plug according to the invention has over the above-discussed prior art due to the use of the connecting element the advantage that no wires for contacting between the terminal bolt and the heating element of the glow plug are used, whereby a soldering of wires between these components is unnecessary and this reduces the cost of the entire manufacturing process and reduces waste due to the usually difficult and sometimes faulty assembly.
  • inventive solution with internal contact ie with arranged in the interior of the ceramic heating element connecting element and combustion chamber end of the connecting bolt additionally provided support the connecting bolt, at least on the side of the heating element, as well as a separate insulation of the connecting bolt relative to the receiving part, for example a ceramic insulation sleeve can be avoided, which in turn components and assembly steps can be reduced and thereby further cost savings can be achieved.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic sectional view of a front part of a preferred embodiment of a glow plug 1 according to the present invention.
  • the glow plug 1 according to the invention consists of a receiving part or support tube 2, a heating element or glow plug 3, a connecting bolt 4, a connecting member or Graphittablette 5, and a sealing washer 7.
  • a cavity 6 which may be optionally filled with a ceramic powder, such as a magnesium oxide and / or alumina, which can be compressed, for example by the diameter of the support tube 2 is reduced by a rotary swaging process.
  • the thus compacted powder supports the arrangement of the connecting bolt 4 in the interior of the metal support tube 2 and its electrical insulation with respect to the inner wall of the support tube 2.
  • the contacting of the ceramic glow plug 3 is provided so that the positive pole 31 of the glow plug 3 in a recess 33 of Annealing pin 3 is provided on the side remote from the combustion chamber, so to speak as inside positive pole contacting, and wherein the negative terminal 32, optionally as a coating, is provided on the brennraumabgewandten end of the glow plug 3, wherein the negative terminal 32 in direct contact with a tapered portion 21st of the support tube 2 is by the glow plug 3 is pressed or soldered in this and the optional coating between glow plug 3 and section 21 is located.
  • the shape of the Supporting tube 2, in particular the provision of a tapered portion 21 at the combustion chamber end of the support tube 2 is not mandatory, and any other cross-sectional shape of the support tube 2 is also conceivable, for example, a cylindrical shape with the same diameter or the like.
  • Contact between the connecting pin 4 acting as the central electrode and the glow tube 3 is achieved by the graphite tablet 5 arranged between the connection bolt 4 and the glow tube 3, the graphite tablet 5 being arranged or accommodated completely in the recess 33 of the glow tube 3 on the side facing away from the combustion chamber.
  • the positive terminal 31 of the glow plug 3 is in direct electrical connection with the graphite tablet 5, and the terminal pin 4 in turn is in direct electrical contact with the graphite tablet 5.
  • the graphite tablet 5 For continuous maintenance of the electrical plus contact as possible, the graphite tablet 5 must be under tension, the graphite tablet 5 being elastic for this purpose.
  • the connecting bolt 4 When mounting the glow plug 1 according to the invention, the connecting bolt 4 is pressed into the support tube 2, so that the elastic graphite tablet 5, which is located completely in the recess 33, is biased.
  • a combustion chamber-side end 41 of the connecting bolt 4 is likewise located at least partially in the recess 33 of the glow plug 3.
  • the end of the ceramic glow plug 3 remote from the combustion chamber assumes the insulation with respect to the support tube 2.
  • the cavity 6 of the preferred embodiment of the glow plug according to the invention may also be sealed with the sealing washer 7 so as not to allow dirt and moisture to penetrate and / or to hold the optional ceramic powder in the receiving part.
  • the outer diameter of the sealing disc 7 is in contact with the inner diameter of a wide portion 22 of the support tube 2.
  • the sealing disc 7 in the in FIG. 1 embodiment shown implemented as an electrically insulating sleeve, in the middle of a recess 71 is provided, in which the connecting bolt 4 is arranged to be stored, whereby the connecting bolt 4 is additionally electrically insulated from the support tube 2.
  • On one or more additional insulating components between the terminal bolt 4 and the support tube 2 can be dispensed with.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Bougie d'allumage (1) pouvant être chauffée électriquement, et présentant
    une partie de réception (2),
    un élément chauffant (3) en céramique maintenu dans la partie de réception (2) et présentant un pôle positif (31) et un pôle négatif (32),
    un goujon électriquement conducteur de raccordement (4) raccordé électriquement au pôle positif (31) et
    un élément électriquement conducteur de liaison (5) disposé entre le goujon de raccordement (4) et le pôle positif (31),
    au moins le pôle positif (31) et l'élément électriquement conducteur de liaison (5) étant disposé dans une découpe (33) ménagée dans l'élément chauffant (3) en céramique,
    caractérisée en ce que
    l'élément électriquement conducteur de liaison (5) est élastique et
    en ce que l'élément électriquement conducteur de liaison (5) est maintenu dans la découpe (33) et est serré entre le goujon de raccordement (4) et le pôle positif (31).
  2. Bougie d'allumage selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle l'élément électriquement conducteur de liaison (5) est logé complètement dans la découpe (33).
  3. Bougie d'allumage selon les revendications 1 ou 2, dans laquelle une partie (41) du goujon de raccordement (4) qui est relié à l'élément électriquement conducteur de liaison (5) est disposée au moins en partie dans la découpe (33).
  4. Bougie d'allumage selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle une dimension de la découpe (33) dans le sens de la largeur est supérieure à une dimension de l'élément de liaison (5) dans le sens de la largeur.
  5. Bougie d'allumage selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle l'élément électriquement conducteur de liaison (5) présente la forme d'un comprimé.
  6. Bougie d'allumage selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle l'élément électriquement conducteur de liaison (5) est constitué d'un treillis métallique, le treillis métallique étant de préférence enroulé.
  7. Bougie d'allumage selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle l'élément électriquement conducteur de liaison (5) est constitué d'un matériau élastique à base de graphite.
  8. Bougie d'allumage selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle l'élément électriquement conducteur de liaison (5) est précontraint par le goujon de raccordement (4).
  9. Bougie d'allumage selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle une cavité (6) est présente dans la partie de réception (2) entre le goujon de raccordement (4) et la partie de réception (2).
  10. Bougie d'allumage selon la revendication 9, dans laquelle la cavité (6) est remplie au moins en partie, de préférence par une poudre céramique.
  11. Bougie d'allumage selon les revendications 9 ou 10, dotée de plus d'un composant de couvercle (7) qui ferme la cavité (6) et qui isole électriquement et soutient de préférence le goujon de raccordement (4) vis-à-vis de la partie de réception (2).
  12. Procédé de fabrication d'une bougie d'allumage (1) pouvant être chauffée électriquement selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7 et 9 à 11, dans lequel le goujon de raccordement (4) est précontraint contre l'élément de liaison (5).
EP14752286.6A 2013-08-02 2014-07-29 Bougie-crayon de préchauffage pourvue d'un élément chauffant en céramique à mise en contact électrique intérieure, et procédé de fabrication de celle-ci Not-in-force EP3027970B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102013215269.8A DE102013215269A1 (de) 2013-08-02 2013-08-02 Glühstiftkerze mit einem Heizelement mit innen liegender Kontaktierung, und Herstellungsverfahren derselben
PCT/EP2014/066283 WO2015014844A1 (fr) 2013-08-02 2014-07-29 Bougie-crayon de préchauffage pourvue d'un élément chauffant en céramique à mise en contact électrique intérieure, et procédé de fabrication de celle-ci

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3027970A1 EP3027970A1 (fr) 2016-06-08
EP3027970B1 true EP3027970B1 (fr) 2018-05-16

Family

ID=51355514

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14752286.6A Not-in-force EP3027970B1 (fr) 2013-08-02 2014-07-29 Bougie-crayon de préchauffage pourvue d'un élément chauffant en céramique à mise en contact électrique intérieure, et procédé de fabrication de celle-ci

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3027970B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2016522386A (fr)
DE (1) DE102013215269A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2015014844A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102016121346B4 (de) 2016-10-27 2018-05-09 Borgwarner Ludwigsburg Gmbh Glühkerze
DE102018108427B3 (de) * 2018-04-10 2019-07-25 Borgwarner Ludwigsburg Gmbh Heizstab für eine Glühkerze sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Heizstabs und Glühkerze
JP2023063254A (ja) * 2021-10-22 2023-05-09 ブルーム エネルギー コーポレイション グロープラグ及び固体酸化物燃料電池システム
US20230130672A1 (en) * 2021-10-22 2023-04-27 Bloom Energy Corporation Glow plug for a fuel cell system

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US4816643A (en) * 1985-03-15 1989-03-28 Allied-Signal Inc. Glow plug having a metal silicide resistive film heater
US5880432A (en) * 1996-12-23 1999-03-09 Le-Mark International Ltd. Electric heating device with ceramic heater wedgingly received within a metalic body
JP3810947B2 (ja) 1999-06-16 2006-08-16 ボッシュ株式会社 セラミックヒータ型グロープラグ
US6884967B1 (en) * 1999-06-16 2005-04-26 Chongging Le-Mark Ceramic Technology Co. Ltd. Multi-layer ceramic heater element and method of making same
CZ300971B6 (cs) * 1999-08-27 2009-09-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh Zažehovací kolíková svícka a zpusob výroby
DE10030924A1 (de) 2000-06-24 2002-01-03 Bosch Gmbh Robert Glühstiftkerze
JP2005180855A (ja) * 2003-12-22 2005-07-07 Bosch Automotive Systems Corp セラミックスヒータ型グロープラグ
US20070221647A1 (en) * 2006-03-23 2007-09-27 Federal-Mogul World Wide, Inc. Multi-layer heating element
DE102009045273A1 (de) 2009-10-02 2011-04-07 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Glühkerze

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2016522386A (ja) 2016-07-28
EP3027970A1 (fr) 2016-06-08
DE102013215269A1 (de) 2015-02-05
WO2015014844A1 (fr) 2015-02-05

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