EP3027970B1 - Sheathed-element glow plug having a ceramic heating element with an internal contact-making means, and production method therefor - Google Patents

Sheathed-element glow plug having a ceramic heating element with an internal contact-making means, and production method therefor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3027970B1
EP3027970B1 EP14752286.6A EP14752286A EP3027970B1 EP 3027970 B1 EP3027970 B1 EP 3027970B1 EP 14752286 A EP14752286 A EP 14752286A EP 3027970 B1 EP3027970 B1 EP 3027970B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
glow plug
sheathed
connecting element
plug according
heating element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP14752286.6A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3027970A1 (en
Inventor
Andreas Reissner
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication of EP3027970A1 publication Critical patent/EP3027970A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
    • F23Q7/001—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/02—Details
    • H05B3/06—Heater elements structurally combined with coupling elements or holders
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
    • H05B3/42—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible
    • H05B3/48—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/027—Heaters specially adapted for glow plug igniters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2214/00—Aspects relating to resistive heating, induction heating and heating using microwaves, covered by groups H05B3/00, H05B6/00
    • H05B2214/03—Heating of hydrocarbons

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrically heatable glow plug with a ceramic heating element for arrangement in a chamber of an internal combustion engine, such as a pre-vortex or combustion chamber of an air-compressing, self-igniting diesel engine. Furthermore, the invention relates to a production method of such a glow plug according to the invention.
  • diesel engines are widely used, which have a higher efficiency compared to gasoline-fueled internal combustion engines.
  • diesel engines often require a cold start aid during the starting process, since in a cold start of a diesel engine problem-free self-ignition of the injected diesel fuel is usually not possible. Even after the start, glow plugs can be used to improve the engine's cold running and its exhaust emissions.
  • GLP electrically heatable glow plug
  • glow plugs may have a heating element made of metal or ceramic, also called glow plug.
  • glow plugs are still widely used as a cold-start aid when starting kerosene-powered gas turbines and oil heaters.
  • the glow plug is usually made of electrically insulating ceramic material, such as silicon nitride, can be embedded in the highly electrically conductive leads and an internal heating conductor.
  • the heating and control function is combined in the heating element.
  • the ceramic glow plug is fixed in a metal tube and gas-tight pressed into a glow plug.
  • the electrical contacting of the positive pole of the glow plug which is usually provided by a provided at one end of the glow plug pad of the heating element, takes place by a connecting bolt, which is connected via a wire to the positive pole of the ceramic glow pin, and the electrical contact of the Minuspols the glow plug, that is, the ground connection to the engine block is made via the metal tube of the glow plug and the housing.
  • a connecting bolt which is connected via a wire to the positive pole of the ceramic glow pin
  • the electrical contact of the Minuspols the glow plug that is, the ground connection to the engine block is made via the metal tube of the glow plug and the housing.
  • the glow plug 9 consists in principle of a heating element 91, a present in the form of a central electrode of the glow plug, for example, connecting pin 92, a housing 93 and a contact plug 94.
  • the plus-contacting can be found here through the connecting pin 92 via a graphite tablet 95 as a contact element to the Heating element 91 instead, and a minus-contacting takes place via a graphite existing sealant 96 to the housing 93.
  • the graphite tablet 95 and the connecting bolt 92 are insulated from the housing 93 by ceramic clamping sleeves 97 and 98.
  • US Pat. No. 6,759,631 B1 in turn discloses a glow plug with an elastic electrically conductive connecting element, similar to the glow plug according to the invention according to claim 1, which connecting element is not in a recess of the ceramic heating element, but in a separate sleeve.
  • an electrically heatable glow plug with the features of claim 1 is proposed, preferably for the cold start aid of a self-igniting internal combustion engine, such as a diesel engine.
  • an electrically heatable glow plug comprises a receiving part, a ceramic heating element held in the receiving part with a positive pole and a negative pole, an electrically conductive connecting pin which is in electrical connection with the positive pole, and an electrically conductive connecting element is arranged between the terminal bolt and the positive pole.
  • the receiving part is usually a tubular component, preferably a support tube, which may be formed either as a separate part or sometimes as part of a housing of the glow plug.
  • the ceramic heating element of the glow plug according to the invention also called glow plug, consists in principle of electrically insulating ceramic material, for example silicon nitride, in which electrically highly conductive leads and an internal heating conductor can be embedded, as is known from the prior art discussed above Control function is combined in the heating element.
  • the positive pole is formed by one end of the heating conductor, which is exposed to the recess here unlike in the prior art, and the negative pole is joined by a connection of the heating conductor the outer shell of the glow plug instead, which is connected via the receiving part and the housing of the glow plug, which are preferably formed of metal, with the engine block as a ground connection.
  • the connecting element By embedding the connecting element in the recess of the heating element, so lying in the recess plus-contacting, wherein the recess shape may correspond to the shape of the connecting element, a separate fixation of the connecting element is unnecessary. Furthermore, insulation is already achieved by the held arrangement of the connecting element in the recess in the ceramic heating element with respect to the electrically conductive receiving part, which can be dispensed with additional insulating components between receiving part and connecting member. It is preferable that the connecting element is completely received in the recess.
  • the glow plug according to the invention may be formed so that a dimension of the recess in the width direction is greater than a dimension of the connecting element in the width direction, so a width extension of the recess perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the heating element is greater than a width extension of the connecting element perpendicular to its longitudinal axis , preferably with a dimension range of the width dimension of the recess of 1 to 2mm. It can thus be achieved that the connecting element between the recess inner wall and the connecting bolt can expand and thereby an electrical connection between the connecting bolt and positive pole of the heating element is improved by the expanded or deformed connecting element shape.
  • the connecting element is elastic.
  • the connecting element may have a tablet form, wherein the connecting element further preferably consists of graphite-based elastic material.
  • the connecting element may be configured as a compact.
  • the conductive connection element has electrically conductive properties, wherein the conductive connection element has electrically conductive properties, wherein the conductive connection element may comprise, for example, one or more of the following materials in solidified form: a metal powder, in particular a silver powder; a conductive ceramic powder; a graphite.
  • Graphite is preferably used as the material for the connecting element.
  • a wound metal braid would also be conceivable as an embodiment of the connecting element, wherein the metal should not oxidize.
  • connection bolt which is connected to the connection element in order to produce electrical contact between the connection bolt and the positive pole of the heating element, is arranged at least partially in the recess of the heating element.
  • the connecting bolt is further biased against the particular elastic connecting element, wherein the connecting bolt is pressed in the direction of the heating element and the connecting element is thus pressed or squeezed clamped between heating element and connecting pin.
  • the connecting element can thereby distribute around the end of the connecting bolt arranged in the recess and can be applied to this.
  • the bias of the connecting element or the connecting bolt must also be held by suitable measures in the region of the receiving part or the housing, with a variety of solutions are conceivable.
  • the glow plug according to the invention may further comprise a cover component.
  • the lid member may be a seal that seals the cavity to hold the ceramic powder in the receiving part and dirt and Moisture does not penetrate. Additionally or alternatively, the lid member may be implemented in the form of an electrically insulating sleeve which additionally electrically insulates and mechanically supports the terminal bolt relative to the receiving member.
  • a method for producing a previously described electrically heatable glow plug comprises the step of biasing the connecting bolt against the connecting element.
  • the connecting element is arranged in the recess of the heating element and is in electrical connection with the positive pole of the heating element.
  • one end of the connecting bolt which communicates with the connecting element in order to produce an electrical contact between the connecting bolt and the positive pole of the heating element, at least partially disposed in the recess of the heating element.
  • a glow plug according to the invention has over the above-discussed prior art due to the use of the connecting element the advantage that no wires for contacting between the terminal bolt and the heating element of the glow plug are used, whereby a soldering of wires between these components is unnecessary and this reduces the cost of the entire manufacturing process and reduces waste due to the usually difficult and sometimes faulty assembly.
  • inventive solution with internal contact ie with arranged in the interior of the ceramic heating element connecting element and combustion chamber end of the connecting bolt additionally provided support the connecting bolt, at least on the side of the heating element, as well as a separate insulation of the connecting bolt relative to the receiving part, for example a ceramic insulation sleeve can be avoided, which in turn components and assembly steps can be reduced and thereby further cost savings can be achieved.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic sectional view of a front part of a preferred embodiment of a glow plug 1 according to the present invention.
  • the glow plug 1 according to the invention consists of a receiving part or support tube 2, a heating element or glow plug 3, a connecting bolt 4, a connecting member or Graphittablette 5, and a sealing washer 7.
  • a cavity 6 which may be optionally filled with a ceramic powder, such as a magnesium oxide and / or alumina, which can be compressed, for example by the diameter of the support tube 2 is reduced by a rotary swaging process.
  • the thus compacted powder supports the arrangement of the connecting bolt 4 in the interior of the metal support tube 2 and its electrical insulation with respect to the inner wall of the support tube 2.
  • the contacting of the ceramic glow plug 3 is provided so that the positive pole 31 of the glow plug 3 in a recess 33 of Annealing pin 3 is provided on the side remote from the combustion chamber, so to speak as inside positive pole contacting, and wherein the negative terminal 32, optionally as a coating, is provided on the brennraumabgewandten end of the glow plug 3, wherein the negative terminal 32 in direct contact with a tapered portion 21st of the support tube 2 is by the glow plug 3 is pressed or soldered in this and the optional coating between glow plug 3 and section 21 is located.
  • the shape of the Supporting tube 2, in particular the provision of a tapered portion 21 at the combustion chamber end of the support tube 2 is not mandatory, and any other cross-sectional shape of the support tube 2 is also conceivable, for example, a cylindrical shape with the same diameter or the like.
  • Contact between the connecting pin 4 acting as the central electrode and the glow tube 3 is achieved by the graphite tablet 5 arranged between the connection bolt 4 and the glow tube 3, the graphite tablet 5 being arranged or accommodated completely in the recess 33 of the glow tube 3 on the side facing away from the combustion chamber.
  • the positive terminal 31 of the glow plug 3 is in direct electrical connection with the graphite tablet 5, and the terminal pin 4 in turn is in direct electrical contact with the graphite tablet 5.
  • the graphite tablet 5 For continuous maintenance of the electrical plus contact as possible, the graphite tablet 5 must be under tension, the graphite tablet 5 being elastic for this purpose.
  • the connecting bolt 4 When mounting the glow plug 1 according to the invention, the connecting bolt 4 is pressed into the support tube 2, so that the elastic graphite tablet 5, which is located completely in the recess 33, is biased.
  • a combustion chamber-side end 41 of the connecting bolt 4 is likewise located at least partially in the recess 33 of the glow plug 3.
  • the end of the ceramic glow plug 3 remote from the combustion chamber assumes the insulation with respect to the support tube 2.
  • the cavity 6 of the preferred embodiment of the glow plug according to the invention may also be sealed with the sealing washer 7 so as not to allow dirt and moisture to penetrate and / or to hold the optional ceramic powder in the receiving part.
  • the outer diameter of the sealing disc 7 is in contact with the inner diameter of a wide portion 22 of the support tube 2.
  • the sealing disc 7 in the in FIG. 1 embodiment shown implemented as an electrically insulating sleeve, in the middle of a recess 71 is provided, in which the connecting bolt 4 is arranged to be stored, whereby the connecting bolt 4 is additionally electrically insulated from the support tube 2.
  • On one or more additional insulating components between the terminal bolt 4 and the support tube 2 can be dispensed with.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung betrifft eine elektrisch beheizbare Glühstiftkerze mit einem keramischen Heizelement zur Anordnung in einer Kammer einer Brennkraftmaschine, so zum Beispiel einer Vor-, Wirbel- oder Brennkammer eines luftverdichtenden, selbstzündenden Dieselmotors. Des Weiteren betrifft die Erfindung ein Herstellungsverfahren einer derartigen erfindungsgemäßen Glühstiftkerze.
In modernen Kraftfahrzeugen und anderen Anwendungen kommen verbreitet Dieselmotoren zum Einsatz, die im Vergleich zu benzinbetriebenen Brennkraftmaschinen über einen höheren Wirkungsgrad verfügen. Dieselmotoren benötigen jedoch während des Anlassvorgangs vielfach eine Kaltstarthilfe, da bei einem Kaltstart eines Dieselmotors eine problemlose Selbstzündung des eingespritzten Dieselkraftstoffs in der Regel nicht möglich ist. Auch nach dem Start können Glühstiftkerzen zum Einsatz kommen, um einen Kaltlauf des Motors sowie dessen Abgasemissionen zu verbessern. Darüber hinaus können unterschiedliche Kraftstoffqualitäten die Zündwilligkeit des komprimierten Luft/Dieselgemisches herabsetzen.
Um den genannten Effekten zu begegnen, befindet sich in den Brennräumen eines Dieselmotors normalerweise jeweils mindestens eine elektrisch beheizbare Glühstiftkerze, auch GLP (von dem englischen Fachbegriff "glow plug") genannt, mittels der der Dieselmotor in der Startphase vorgeglüht wird. Glühstiftkerzen können ein Heizelement aus Metall oder aus Keramik aufweisen, auch Glühstift genannt. Derartige Glühstiftkerzen finden weiterhin als Kaltstarthilfe beim Anlassen von mit Kerosin betriebenen Gasturbinen und Ölheizungen verbreitet Anwendung. Bei bekannten Glühstiftkerzen mit einem keramischen Glühstift, sogenannten keramischen Glühstiftkerzen wie sie beispielsweise aus der DE 100 29 004 A1 bekannt sind, besteht der Glühstift üblicherweise aus elektrisch isolierendem Keramikmaterial, beispielsweise Siliziumnitrid, in das elektrisch hochleitfähige Zuleitungen und ein innenliegender Heizleiter eingebettet sein können. Im Gegensatz zu metallischen Glühstiftkerzen ist dabei die Heiz- und Regelfunktion im Heizleiter kombiniert. Der keramische Glühstift ist in einem Metallrohr fixiert und gasdicht in ein Glühstiftkerzengehäuse eingepresst. Die elektrische Kontaktierung des Pluspols des Glühstifts, der in der Regel durch eine an einem Ende des Glühstifts vorgesehene Kontaktstelle des Heizleiters bereitgestellt wird, findet durch einen Anschlussbolzen statt, der über einen Draht mit dem Pluspol des keramischen Glühstifts verbunden ist, und die elektrische Kontaktierung des Minuspols des Glühstifts, das heißt die Masseverbindung zum Motorblock wird über das Metallrohr des Glühstifts und das Gehäuse hergestellt. Die beschriebene Drahtverbindung eines Anschlussbolzens mit dem Pluspol des Glühstifts der bekannten Glühstiftkerzen verlangt jedoch aufwendige Herstellungsschritte, und es kann dabei vorkommen, dass der Draht bei der Herstellung zerstört und somit die Glühkerze unbrauchbar wird. Um diesem Problem zu begegnen, wurden bereits Lösungen vorgeschlagen, wie sie zum Beispiel aus der DE 100 30 924 A1 bekannt sind. Der DE 100 30 924 A1 ist eine Glühstiftkerze 9 zu entnehmen, wie sie in Figur 2 in einer schematischen Schnittansicht gezeigt ist. Die Glühstiftkerze 9 besteht prinzipiell aus einem Heizelement 91, einem beispielsweise in Form einer Zentral-Elektrode der Glühstiftkerze vorliegendem Anschlussbolzen 92, einem Gehäuse 93 und einem Kontaktstecker 94. Die Plus-Kontaktierung findet hier durch den Anschlussbolzen 92 über eine Graphittablette 95 als Kontaktelement zu dem Heizelement 91 statt, und eine Minus-Kontaktierung findet über eine aus Graphit bestehende Dichtmasse 96 zu dem Gehäuse 93 statt. Um einen Kurzschluss zu verhindern, sind die Graphittablette 95 und der Anschlussbolzen 92 durch Keramikspannhülsen 97 und 98 gegenüber dem Gehäuse 93 isoliert. Eine derartige Isolierung gegenüber dem Gehäuse verlangt jedoch zusätzliche Bauteile und Herstellungsschritte, was die Herstellungskosten der Glühstiftkerze negativ beeinflusst. Um den oben genannten Problemen zu begegnen gibt es Ansätze, die Plus-Kontaktierung einer Glühstiftkerze zwischen Heizelement und Anschlussbolzen mit einer Graphittablette auf vereinfachte Art und Weise umzusetzen. Beispiele dafür sind der DE 10 2009 045 273 A1 entnehmbar, wobei die Graphittablette in verschiedenen Größen und Ausführungen, abhängig von der Gestalt und der Aufteilung des Glühstiftkerzengehäuses, zwischen dem Heizelement und dem Anschlussbolzen angeordnet ist. Die Graphittablette wird dabei in jeder der der DE 10 2009 045 273 A1 entnehmbaren Ausführungen durch ein festes keramisches Element in Form eines Keramikrings gehalten und gegenüber dem Gehäuse isoliert.The invention relates to an electrically heatable glow plug with a ceramic heating element for arrangement in a chamber of an internal combustion engine, such as a pre-vortex or combustion chamber of an air-compressing, self-igniting diesel engine. Furthermore, the invention relates to a production method of such a glow plug according to the invention.
In modern motor vehicles and other applications, diesel engines are widely used, which have a higher efficiency compared to gasoline-fueled internal combustion engines. However, diesel engines often require a cold start aid during the starting process, since in a cold start of a diesel engine problem-free self-ignition of the injected diesel fuel is usually not possible. Even after the start, glow plugs can be used to improve the engine's cold running and its exhaust emissions. In addition, different fuel qualities can decrease the ignitability of the compressed air / diesel mixture.
In order to counteract the above effects, usually located in the combustion chambers of a diesel engine in each case at least one electrically heatable glow plug, also known as GLP (English term "glow plug"), by means of which the diesel engine is preheated in the starting phase. Glow plugs may have a heating element made of metal or ceramic, also called glow plug. Such glow plugs are still widely used as a cold-start aid when starting kerosene-powered gas turbines and oil heaters. In known glow plugs with a ceramic glow plug, so-called ceramic glow plugs as for example from the DE 100 29 004 A1 are known, the glow plug is usually made of electrically insulating ceramic material, such as silicon nitride, can be embedded in the highly electrically conductive leads and an internal heating conductor. In contrast to metallic glow plugs, the heating and control function is combined in the heating element. The ceramic glow plug is fixed in a metal tube and gas-tight pressed into a glow plug. The electrical contacting of the positive pole of the glow plug, which is usually provided by a provided at one end of the glow plug pad of the heating element, takes place by a connecting bolt, which is connected via a wire to the positive pole of the ceramic glow pin, and the electrical contact of the Minuspols the glow plug, that is, the ground connection to the engine block is made via the metal tube of the glow plug and the housing. However, the described wire connection of a connecting bolt with the positive pole of the glow plug of the known glow plugs requires complex manufacturing steps, and it can happen that the wire is destroyed in the manufacture and thus the glow plug is unusable. To address this problem, solutions have already been proposed, as for example from the DE 100 30 924 A1 are known. Of the DE 100 30 924 A1 is to take a glow plug 9, as in FIG. 2 is shown in a schematic sectional view. The glow plug 9 consists in principle of a heating element 91, a present in the form of a central electrode of the glow plug, for example, connecting pin 92, a housing 93 and a contact plug 94. The plus-contacting can be found here through the connecting pin 92 via a graphite tablet 95 as a contact element to the Heating element 91 instead, and a minus-contacting takes place via a graphite existing sealant 96 to the housing 93. In order to prevent a short circuit, the graphite tablet 95 and the connecting bolt 92 are insulated from the housing 93 by ceramic clamping sleeves 97 and 98. However, such isolation from the housing requires additional components and manufacturing steps, which adversely affects the manufacturing cost of the glow plug. In order to meet the above-mentioned problems, there are approaches to implement the plus-contacting a glow plug between the heating element and terminal bolt with a graphite tablet in a simplified manner. Examples are the DE 10 2009 045 273 A1 removable, wherein the graphite tablet in various sizes and designs, depending on the shape and the division of the glow plug housing, between the heating element and the terminal bolt is arranged. The graphite tablet is doing in each of the DE 10 2009 045 273 A1 removable embodiments held by a solid ceramic element in the form of a ceramic ring and isolated from the housing.

Die bekannte Lösung durch eine Drahtkontaktierung, wie sie unter anderem oben beschrieben ist, ist aufwendig in der Herstellung, bei der vermehrt gelötet werden muss, was die Montage der Glühstiftkerze schwierig und teuer macht. Bei den bekannten Lösungen mit einer Graphittablette, wie sie ebenfalls oben beschrieben sind, erfolgt die Masseverbindung zum Motor immer über das Kerzengehäuse. Aus diesem Grund muss der komplette Pluspfad gegenüber dem Gehäuse, das üblicherweise aus Metall besteht, elektrisch isoliert werden. Zu diesem Zweck kommt in der Regel eine oder mehrere speziell dafür vorgesehene Keramik- oder Kunststoffhülsen zum Einsatz, die die Graphittablette in dem Gehäuse fixieren und gegenüber diesem elektrisch isolieren.The known solution by a wire bonding, as described above, inter alia, is expensive to manufacture, must be soldered at the increased, which makes the installation of the glow plug difficult and expensive. In the known solutions with a graphite tablet, as they are also described above, the ground connection to the engine always takes place via the plug housing. For this reason, the complete positive path with respect to the housing, which is usually made of metal, must be electrically insulated. For this purpose, one or more specially designed ceramic or plastic sleeves are usually used, which fix the graphite tablet in the housing and electrically insulated from this.

Das Dokument US 6 884 967 B1 zeigt eine Glühstiftkerze nach dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1.The document US 6,884,967 B1 shows a glow plug according to the preamble of claim 1.

US 6 759 631 B1 wiederum offenbart eine Glühstiftkerze mit einem elastischen elektrisch leitfähiges Verbindungselement, ähnlich zur erfindungsgemäßen Glühstiftkerze nach Anspruch 1, welches Verbindungselement jedoch nicht in einer Aussparung des keramischen Heizelements liegt, sondern in einer separaten Hülse. US Pat. No. 6,759,631 B1 in turn discloses a glow plug with an elastic electrically conductive connecting element, similar to the glow plug according to the invention according to claim 1, which connecting element is not in a recess of the ceramic heating element, but in a separate sleeve.

Offenbarung der ErfindungDisclosure of the invention

Gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung wird eine elektrisch beheizbare Glühstiftkerze mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 vorgeschlagen, vorzugsweise zur Kaltstarthilfe einer selbstzündenden Brennkraftmaschine, wie zum Beispiel eines Dieselmotors. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind durch die Merkmale der abhängigen Ansprüche gekennzeichnet.According to the present invention, an electrically heatable glow plug with the features of claim 1 is proposed, preferably for the cold start aid of a self-igniting internal combustion engine, such as a diesel engine. Advantageous developments of the invention are characterized by the features of the dependent claims.

Gemäß einem ersten Gesichtspunkt der Erfindung umfasst eine erfindungsgemäße elektrisch beheizbare Glühstiftkerze ein Aufnahmeteil, ein in dem Aufnahmeteil gehaltenes keramisches Heizelement mit einem Pluspol und einem Minuspol, einen elektrisch leitfähigen Anschlussbolzen, der mit dem Pluspol in elektrischer Verbindung steht, und ein elektrisch leitfähiges Verbindungselement, das zwischen dem Anschlussbolzen und dem Pluspol angeordnet ist. Dabei sind zumindest der Pluspol und das Verbindungselement in einer Aussparung in dem Heizelement angeordnet. Das Aufnahmeteil ist üblicherweise ein rohrförmiges Bauteil, vorzugsweise ein Stützrohr, das entweder als separates Teil oder auch mitunter als Teil eines Gehäuses der Glühstiftkerze ausgebildet sein kann. Das keramische Heizelement der erfindungsmäßigen Glühstiftkerze, auch Glühstift genannt, besteht dabei wie aus dem oben diskutierten Stand der Technik bekannt prinzipiell üblicherweise aus elektrisch isolierendem Keramikmaterial, beispielsweise Siliziumnitrid, in das elektrisch hochleitfähige Zuleitungen und ein innenliegender Heizleiter eingebettet sein können, wobei die Heiz- und Regelfunktion im Heizleiter kombiniert ist. Der Pluspol wird durch ein Ende des Heizleiters ausgebildet, das hier anders als im Stand der Technik zu der Aussparung hin freiliegt, und der Minuspol findet durch eine Verbindung des Heizleiters mit der Außenhülle des Glühstifts statt, die über das Aufnahmeteil und das Gehäuse der Glühstiftkerze, die vorzugsweise aus Metall ausgebildet sind, mit dem Motorblock als Masseverbindung verbunden ist.According to a first aspect of the invention, an electrically heatable glow plug according to the invention comprises a receiving part, a ceramic heating element held in the receiving part with a positive pole and a negative pole, an electrically conductive connecting pin which is in electrical connection with the positive pole, and an electrically conductive connecting element is arranged between the terminal bolt and the positive pole. In this case, at least the positive pole and the connecting element are arranged in a recess in the heating element. The receiving part is usually a tubular component, preferably a support tube, which may be formed either as a separate part or sometimes as part of a housing of the glow plug. The ceramic heating element of the glow plug according to the invention, also called glow plug, consists in principle of electrically insulating ceramic material, for example silicon nitride, in which electrically highly conductive leads and an internal heating conductor can be embedded, as is known from the prior art discussed above Control function is combined in the heating element. The positive pole is formed by one end of the heating conductor, which is exposed to the recess here unlike in the prior art, and the negative pole is joined by a connection of the heating conductor the outer shell of the glow plug instead, which is connected via the receiving part and the housing of the glow plug, which are preferably formed of metal, with the engine block as a ground connection.

Durch die Einbettung des Verbindungselements in der Aussparung des Heizelements, also der in der Aussparung liegenden Plus-Kontaktierung, bei der die Aussparungsform der Gestalt des Verbindungselements entsprechen kann, wird eine separate Fixierung des Verbindungselements überflüssig. Ferner wird bereits durch die gehaltene Anordnung des Verbindungselements in der Aussparung in dem keramischen Heizelement eine Isolierung gegenüber dem elektrisch leitenden Aufnahmeteil erreicht, wodurch auf zusätzliche isolierende Bauteile zwischen Aufnahmeteil und Verbindungsbauteil verzichtet werden kann. Dabei ist es vorzuziehen, dass das Verbindungselement vollständig in der Aussparung aufgenommen ist. In einer Ausführungsform kann die erfindungsgemäße Glühstiftkerze so ausgebildet sein, dass eine Dimension der Aussparung in Breitenrichtung größer als eine Dimension des Verbindungselements in Breitenrichtung ist, also eine Breitenausdehnung der Aussparung senkrecht zu der Längsachse des Heizelements größer als eine Breitenausdehnung des Verbindungselements senkrecht zu dessen Längsachse ist, vorzugsweise mit einem Dimensionsbereich der Breitenausdehnung der Aussparung von 1 bis 2mm. Damit kann erreicht werden, dass sich das Verbindungselement zwischen Aussparungsinnenwand und Anschlussbolzen ausdehnen kann und dadurch eine elektrische Verbindung zwischen Anschlussbolzen und Pluspol des Heizelements durch die ausgedehnte beziehungsweise verformte Verbindungselementgestalt verbessert wird.By embedding the connecting element in the recess of the heating element, so lying in the recess plus-contacting, wherein the recess shape may correspond to the shape of the connecting element, a separate fixation of the connecting element is unnecessary. Furthermore, insulation is already achieved by the held arrangement of the connecting element in the recess in the ceramic heating element with respect to the electrically conductive receiving part, which can be dispensed with additional insulating components between receiving part and connecting member. It is preferable that the connecting element is completely received in the recess. In one embodiment, the glow plug according to the invention may be formed so that a dimension of the recess in the width direction is greater than a dimension of the connecting element in the width direction, so a width extension of the recess perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the heating element is greater than a width extension of the connecting element perpendicular to its longitudinal axis , preferably with a dimension range of the width dimension of the recess of 1 to 2mm. It can thus be achieved that the connecting element between the recess inner wall and the connecting bolt can expand and thereby an electrical connection between the connecting bolt and positive pole of the heating element is improved by the expanded or deformed connecting element shape.

Erfindungsgemäß ist das Verbindungselement elastisch.According to the invention, the connecting element is elastic.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführung der erfindungsgemäßen Glühstiftkerze kann das Verbindungselement eine Tablettenform aufweisen, wobei das Verbindungselement weiter vorzugsweise aus elastischem Material auf Graphitbasis besteht. Beispielsweise kann das Verbindungselement als Pressling ausgestaltet sein. Das leitfähige Verbindungselement weist dabei elektrisch leitfähige Eigenschaften auf, wobei das leitfähige Verbindungselement weist dabei elektrisch leitfähige Eigenschaften auf, wobei das leitfähige Verbindungselement beispielsweise eines oder mehrere der folgenden Materialien in verfestigter Form umfassen kann: ein Metallpulver, insbesondere ein Silberpulver; ein leitfähiges Keramikpulver; ein Graphit. Graphit kommt dabei bevorzugt als Material für das Verbindungselement zur Anwendung. Ein aufgewickeltes Metallgeflecht wäre als Ausgestaltung für das Verbindungselement ebenfalls denkbar, wobei das Metall nicht oxidieren sollte. Beispiele für ein derartiges Metall sind Kupfer, Bronze, Messing, Stahl, rostfreier Stahl, Nickel. Alternativ oder zusätzlich ist jedoch auch die Verwendung anderer geeigneter elektrisch leitender Materialien möglich. Erfindungsgemäß ist ein brennraumseitiges Ende beziehungsweise ein brennraumseitiger Abschnitt des Anschlussbolzens, der mit dem Verbindungselement in Verbindung steht, um einen elektrischen Kontakt zwischen dem Anschlussbolzen und dem Pluspol des Heizelements herzustellen, zumindest teilweise in der Aussparung des Heizelements angeordnet. Der Anschlussbolzen ist ferner gegen das insbesondere elastische Verbindungselement vorgespannt, wobei der Anschlussbolzen in Richtung des Heizelements eingedrückt wird und das Verbindungselement damit zwischen Heizelement und Anschlussbolzen gedrückt oder gequetscht eingespannt ist. Dadurch wird erreicht, dass eine Kontaktierung des Anschlussbolzens mit dem Pluspol des Heizelements über das Verbindungselement dauerhaft aufrechterhalten werden kann, ohne anfällig für Verbindungsabbrüche aufgrund leichter Verschiebungen zwischen den einzelnen Bauteilen zu sein. Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung des einen Endes des Anschlussbolzens zusammen mit dem elastischen Verbindungselement in der Aussparung kann sich dabei das Verbindungelement um das in der Aussparung angeordnete Ende des Anschlussbolzens herum verteilen und sich an dieses anzulegen. Die Vorspannung des Verbindungselements beziehungsweise des Anschlussbolzens muss ferner durch geeignete Maßnahmen im Bereich des Aufnahmeteils oder des Gehäuses gehalten werden, wobei verschiedenste Lösungen denkbar sind.In a preferred embodiment of the glow plug according to the invention, the connecting element may have a tablet form, wherein the connecting element further preferably consists of graphite-based elastic material. For example, the connecting element may be configured as a compact. The conductive connection element has electrically conductive properties, wherein the conductive connection element has electrically conductive properties, wherein the conductive connection element may comprise, for example, one or more of the following materials in solidified form: a metal powder, in particular a silver powder; a conductive ceramic powder; a graphite. Graphite is preferably used as the material for the connecting element. A wound metal braid would also be conceivable as an embodiment of the connecting element, wherein the metal should not oxidize. Examples of such a metal are copper, bronze, brass, steel, stainless steel, nickel. Alternatively or additionally, however, the use of other suitable electrically conductive materials is possible. According to the invention, a combustion-chamber-side end or a combustion-chamber-side section of the connection bolt, which is connected to the connection element in order to produce electrical contact between the connection bolt and the positive pole of the heating element, is arranged at least partially in the recess of the heating element. The connecting bolt is further biased against the particular elastic connecting element, wherein the connecting bolt is pressed in the direction of the heating element and the connecting element is thus pressed or squeezed clamped between heating element and connecting pin. It is thereby achieved that a contacting of the connecting bolt with the positive pole of the heating element can be permanently maintained via the connecting element, without being prone to disconnections due to slight displacements between the individual components. In the arrangement according to the invention of the one end of the connecting bolt together with the elastic connecting element in the recess, the connecting element can thereby distribute around the end of the connecting bolt arranged in the recess and can be applied to this. The bias of the connecting element or the connecting bolt must also be held by suitable measures in the region of the receiving part or the housing, with a variety of solutions are conceivable.

Weiter vorzugsweise liegt innerhalb des Aufnahmeteils zwischen dem Anschlussbolzen und dem Aufnahmeteil ein Hohlraum vor. Durch die gehaltene Anordnung des Anschlussbolzens zusammen mit dem Verbindungselement in der Aussparung in dem keramischen Heizelement wird eine Isolierung dieser Bauteile gegenüber dem üblicherweise elektrisch leitenden Aufnahmeteil erreicht, wodurch auf zusätzliche isolierende Bauteile zwischen Aufnahmeteil, Anschlussbolzen und Verbindungsbauteil verzichtet werden kann. Der Hohlraum kann zumindest teilweise mit einem Material befüllt sein, vorzugsweise einem keramischen Pulver wie zum Beispiel Magnesiumoxid und/oder Aluminiumoxid, wobei das Pulver verdichtet werden kann, beispielsweise indem das Aufnahmeteil durch einen Rundknetprozess im Durchmesser verringert wird. Das dadurch verdichtete Pulver stützt den Anschlussbolzen im Inneren des Aufnahmebauteils und isoliert diesen gegenüber dem Aufnahmebauteil. Ferner kann die erfindungsgemäße Glühstiftkerze des Weiteren ein Deckelbauteil aufweisen. Das Deckelbauteil kann eine Dichtung sein, die den Hohlraum abschließt, um das keramische Pulver in dem Aufnahmeteil zu halten und Schmutz und Feuchtigkeit nicht eindringen zu lassen. Zusätzlich oder alternativ dazu kann das Deckelbauteil in Form einer elektrisch isolierenden Hülse umgesetzt sein, die den Anschlussbolzen gegenüber dem Aufnahmebauteil zusätzlich elektrisch isoliert und mechanisch abstützt.Further preferably, there is a cavity within the receiving part between the connecting bolt and the receiving part. The held arrangement of the connecting bolt together with the connecting element in the recess in the ceramic heating element insulation of these components is achieved with respect to the usually electrically conductive receiving part, which can be dispensed with additional insulating components between receiving part, connecting bolt and connecting component. The cavity may be at least partially filled with a material, preferably a ceramic powder such as magnesium oxide and / or alumina, wherein the powder may be compacted, for example by reducing the diameter of the receiving member by a swaging process. The thus compacted powder supports the terminal bolt in the interior of the receiving component and isolates it from the receiving member. Furthermore, the glow plug according to the invention may further comprise a cover component. The lid member may be a seal that seals the cavity to hold the ceramic powder in the receiving part and dirt and Moisture does not penetrate. Additionally or alternatively, the lid member may be implemented in the form of an electrically insulating sleeve which additionally electrically insulates and mechanically supports the terminal bolt relative to the receiving member.

Gemäß einem weiteren Gesichtspunkt der Erfindung umfasst ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer vorhergehend beschriebenen elektrisch beheizbaren Glühstiftkerze den Schritt des Vorspannens des Anschlussbolzens gegen das Verbindungselement. Dabei ist das Verbindungselement in der Aussparung des Heizelements angeordnet und steht mit dem Pluspol des Heizelements in elektrischer Verbindung. Zudem ist ein Ende des Anschlussbolzens, das mit dem Verbindungselement in Verbindung steht, um einen elektrischen Kontakt zwischen dem Anschlussbolzen und dem Pluspol des Heizelements herzustellen, zumindest teilweise in der Aussparung des Heizelements angeordnet. Die Schritte des Fertigens der einzelnen Komponenten, des Zusammenführen des Heizelements mit dem Aufnahmeteil sowie die letztendliche Anordnung des Aufnahmeteils mitsamt den oben beschriebenen Komponenten in dem Gehäuse der Glühstiftkerze sind aus dem Stand der Technik bereits weitestgehend bekannt und demnach vorausgesetzt.According to a further aspect of the invention, a method for producing a previously described electrically heatable glow plug comprises the step of biasing the connecting bolt against the connecting element. In this case, the connecting element is arranged in the recess of the heating element and is in electrical connection with the positive pole of the heating element. In addition, one end of the connecting bolt, which communicates with the connecting element in order to produce an electrical contact between the connecting bolt and the positive pole of the heating element, at least partially disposed in the recess of the heating element. The steps of manufacturing the individual components, the merging of the heating element with the receiving part and the final arrangement of the receiving part together with the above-described components in the housing of the glow plug are already well known in the prior art and therefore provided.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Eine gemäß der Erfindung ausgeführte Glühstiftkerze hat gegenüber dem oben diskutierten Stand der Technik aufgrund des Einsatzes des Verbindungselements den Vorteil, dass keine Drähte zur Kontaktierung zwischen dem Anschlussbolzen und dem Heizelement der Glühstiftkerze zur Anwendung kommen, wodurch ein Verlöten von Drähten zwischen diesen Bauteilen unnötig wird und dadurch der gesamte Herstellungsprozess kostengünstiger und Ausschuss aufgrund der üblicherweise schwierigen und gelegentlich fehlerbehafteten Montage reduziert wird. Ferner kann durch die erfindungsgemäße Lösung mit innen liegender Kontaktierung, also mit im Inneren des keramischen Heizelements angeordneten Verbindungsbauteil und brennraumseitigen Ende des Anschlussbolzens eine zusätzlich vorgesehene Halterung des Anschlussbolzens, zumindest auf Seiten des Heizelements, sowie eine gesonderte Isolierung des Anschlussbolzens gegenüber dem Aufnahmeteil, beispielsweise durch eine keramische Isolationshülse, vermieden werden, wodurch wiederum Bauteile und Montageschritte verringert werden und dadurch weitere Kosteneinsparungen erzielt werden können.A glow plug according to the invention has over the above-discussed prior art due to the use of the connecting element the advantage that no wires for contacting between the terminal bolt and the heating element of the glow plug are used, whereby a soldering of wires between these components is unnecessary and this reduces the cost of the entire manufacturing process and reduces waste due to the usually difficult and sometimes faulty assembly. Furthermore, by the inventive solution with internal contact, ie with arranged in the interior of the ceramic heating element connecting element and combustion chamber end of the connecting bolt additionally provided support the connecting bolt, at least on the side of the heating element, as well as a separate insulation of the connecting bolt relative to the receiving part, for example a ceramic insulation sleeve can be avoided, which in turn components and assembly steps can be reduced and thereby further cost savings can be achieved.

Weitere Vorteile und bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung werden aus der nachfolgenden Figurenbeschreibung ersichtlich.Further advantages and preferred embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the following description of the figures.

Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungenBrief description of the drawings

Es zeigen

Figur 1
eine schematische Querschnittsansicht eines Teils einer Glühstiftkerze gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung; und
Figur 2
eine schematische Querschnittsansicht einer Glühstiftkerze gemäß dem Stand der Technik.
Show it
FIG. 1
a schematic cross-sectional view of a portion of a glow plug according to a preferred embodiment of the invention; and
FIG. 2
a schematic cross-sectional view of a glow plug according to the prior art.

Bevorzugte Ausführungsform der ErfindungPreferred embodiment of the invention

Figur 1 zeigt eine schematische Schnittansicht eines vorderen Teils einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform einer Glühstiftkerze 1 gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung. Die erfindungsgemäße Glühstiftkerze 1 besteht aus einem Aufnahmeteil oder Stützrohr 2, einem Heizelement oder Glühstift 3, einem Anschlussbolzen 4, einem Verbindungsbauteil oder Graphittablette 5, sowie einer Dichtungsscheibe 7. In dem Stützrohr 2 befindet sich zwischen dem Innenumfang des Stützrohrs 2, dem Außenumfang des Anschlussbolzens 4 sowie der Dichtungsscheibe 7 ein Hohlraum 6, der optional mit einem keramischen Pulver gefüllt sein kann, wie zum Beispiel einem Magnesiumoxid und/oder Aluminiumoxid, das verdichtet werden kann, beispielsweise indem der Durchmesser des Stützrohrs 2 durch einen Rundknetprozess verringert wird. Das dadurch verdichtete Pulver unterstützt die Anordnung des Anschlussbolzens 4 im Inneren des metallenen Stützrohrs 2 und dessen elektrische Isolierung gegenüber der Innenwand des Stützrohrs 2. Die Kontaktierung des keramischen Glühstifts 3 ist dabei so vorgesehen, dass der Pluspol 31 des Glühstifts 3 in einer Aussparung 33 des Glühstifts 3 an dessen brennraumabgewandten Seite vorgesehen ist, sozusagen als innen liegende Pluspol-Kontaktierung, und wobei der Minuspol 32, optional als Beschichtung, auf dem brennraumabgewandten Ende des Glühstifts 3 vorgesehen ist, wobei der Minuspol 32 in direktem Kontakt mit einem sich verjüngenden Abschnitt 21 des Stützrohrs 2 steht, indem der Glühstift 3 in diesen eingepresst oder eingelötet ist und sich die optionale Beschichtung zwischen Glühstift 3 und Abschnitt 21 befindet. Die Form des Stützrohrs 2, insbesondere das Vorsehen eines sich verjüngenden Abschnitts 21 an dem brennraumseitigen Ende des Stützrohrs 2 ist nicht zwingend, und jede andere Querschnittsform des Stützrohrs 2 ist ebenso denkbar, beispielsweise eine zylindrische Form mit durchgehend gleichem Durchmesser oder dergleichen.
Ein Kontakt zwischen dem als Zentralelektrode wirkenden Anschlussbolzen 4 sowie dem Glührohr 3 kommt durch die zwischen dem Anschlussbolzen 4 und dem Glührohr 3 angeordnete Graphittablette 5 zustande, wobei die Graphittablette 5 vollständig in der Aussparung 33 des Glührohrs 3 an dessen brennraumabgewandter Seite angeordnet beziehungsweise untergebracht ist. Der Pluspol 31 des Glühstifts 3 steht dabei mit der Graphittablette 5 in direkter elektrischer Verbindung, und der Anschlussbolzen 4 steht wiederum in direktem elektrischen Kontakt mit der Graphittablette 5.
Zur möglichst durchgehenden Aufrechterhaltung des elektrischen Pluskontakts muss die Graphittablette 5 unter Spannung stehen, wobei die Graphittablette 5 zu diesem Zweck elastisch ist. Bei der Montage der erfindungsgemäßen Glühstiftkerze 1 wird der Anschlussbolzen 4 in das Stützrohr 2 eingedrückt, so dass die elastische Graphittablette 5, die sich vollständig in der Aussparung 33 befindet, vorgespannt ist. Ein brennraumseitiges Ende 41 des Anschlussbolzens 4 befindet sich bei dieser Anordnung ebenfalls zumindest teilweise in der Aussparung 33 des Glühstifts 3. Dadurch übernimmt das brennraumabgewandte Ende des keramischen Glühstifts 3 die Isolation gegenüber dem Stützrohr 2.
In der bevorzugten Ausführungsform, wie sie in Figur 1 gezeigt ist, ist die in Form einer kreisförmigen Bohrung oder eines Sacklochs in der brennraumabgewandten Glühstiftstirnfläche 34 vorgesehene Aussparung 33 mit einem Innendurchmesser versehen, dessen Breitenausdehnung größer als der Außendurchmesser der kreisförmigen Graphittablette 5 ist. Durch diesen Umstand, zusammen mit der Vorspannung der elastischen Graphittablette 5 durch den Anschlussbolzen 4 in der Aussparung 33, kann das Graphit der Tablette 5 zu einem gewissen Ausmaß das brennraumseitige Ende 41 des Anschlussbolzens 4 umfließen beziehungsweise sich um dieses verteilen, so dass die Verbindung zwischen dem Anschlussbolzen 4 und dem keramischen Glühstift 3 als elastische Verbindung ausgebildet ist. Dadurch können beispielsweise Erschütterungen der erfindungsgemäßen Glühstiftkerze 1 während eines Einsatzes in einem Dieselmotor oder dergleichen ausgeglichen werden, ohne eine Kontaktierung zwischen Anschlussbolzen 4 und Glühstift 3 zu unterbrechen oder zu verschlechtern. FIG. 1 shows a schematic sectional view of a front part of a preferred embodiment of a glow plug 1 according to the present invention. The glow plug 1 according to the invention consists of a receiving part or support tube 2, a heating element or glow plug 3, a connecting bolt 4, a connecting member or Graphittablette 5, and a sealing washer 7. In the support tube 2 is located between the inner circumference of the support tube 2, the outer periphery of the connecting bolt 4 and the sealing disc 7 a cavity 6, which may be optionally filled with a ceramic powder, such as a magnesium oxide and / or alumina, which can be compressed, for example by the diameter of the support tube 2 is reduced by a rotary swaging process. The thus compacted powder supports the arrangement of the connecting bolt 4 in the interior of the metal support tube 2 and its electrical insulation with respect to the inner wall of the support tube 2. The contacting of the ceramic glow plug 3 is provided so that the positive pole 31 of the glow plug 3 in a recess 33 of Annealing pin 3 is provided on the side remote from the combustion chamber, so to speak as inside positive pole contacting, and wherein the negative terminal 32, optionally as a coating, is provided on the brennraumabgewandten end of the glow plug 3, wherein the negative terminal 32 in direct contact with a tapered portion 21st of the support tube 2 is by the glow plug 3 is pressed or soldered in this and the optional coating between glow plug 3 and section 21 is located. The shape of the Supporting tube 2, in particular the provision of a tapered portion 21 at the combustion chamber end of the support tube 2 is not mandatory, and any other cross-sectional shape of the support tube 2 is also conceivable, for example, a cylindrical shape with the same diameter or the like.
Contact between the connecting pin 4 acting as the central electrode and the glow tube 3 is achieved by the graphite tablet 5 arranged between the connection bolt 4 and the glow tube 3, the graphite tablet 5 being arranged or accommodated completely in the recess 33 of the glow tube 3 on the side facing away from the combustion chamber. The positive terminal 31 of the glow plug 3 is in direct electrical connection with the graphite tablet 5, and the terminal pin 4 in turn is in direct electrical contact with the graphite tablet 5.
For continuous maintenance of the electrical plus contact as possible, the graphite tablet 5 must be under tension, the graphite tablet 5 being elastic for this purpose. When mounting the glow plug 1 according to the invention, the connecting bolt 4 is pressed into the support tube 2, so that the elastic graphite tablet 5, which is located completely in the recess 33, is biased. In this arrangement, a combustion chamber-side end 41 of the connecting bolt 4 is likewise located at least partially in the recess 33 of the glow plug 3. As a result, the end of the ceramic glow plug 3 remote from the combustion chamber assumes the insulation with respect to the support tube 2.
In the preferred embodiment, as in FIG. 1 is shown, which is provided in the form of a circular bore or a blind hole in the Glühraumabgewandten Glühstiftstirnfläche 34 recess 33 is provided with an inner diameter whose width dimension is greater than the outer diameter of the circular graphite tablet 5. By this circumstance, together with the bias of the elastic graphite tablet 5 through the connecting bolt 4 in the recess 33, the graphite of the tablet 5 can to some extent flow around the combustion chamber end 41 of the connecting bolt 4 or distribute around it, so that the connection between the connecting pin 4 and the ceramic glow plug 3 is formed as an elastic connection. This can, for example, vibrations of the glow plug 1 according to the invention during use in a diesel engine or be equalized without interrupting a contact between terminal pin 4 and glow plug 3 or deteriorate.

Der Hohlraum 6 der bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäße Glühstiftkerze kann ferner mit der Dichtungsscheibe 7 abgedichtet sein, um Schmutz und Feuchtigkeit nicht eindringen zu lassen und/oder das optionale keramische Pulver in dem Aufnahmeteil zu halten. Dabei steht der Außendurchmesser der Dichtungsscheibe 7 in Kontakt mit dem Innendurchmesser eines breiten Abschnitts 22 des Stützrohrs 2. Ferner ist die Dichtungsscheibe 7 bei der in Figur 1 gezeigten Ausführungsform als elektrisch isolierende Hülse umgesetzt, in deren Mitte eine Aussparung 71 vorgesehen ist, in welcher der Anschlussbolzen 4 gelagert angeordnet ist, wodurch der Anschlussbolzen 4 gegenüber dem Stützrohr 2 zusätzlich elektrisch isoliert ist. Auf ein oder mehrere zusätzliche Isolierkomponenten zwischen dem Anschlussbolzen 4 und dem Stützrohr 2 kann damit verzichtet werden.The cavity 6 of the preferred embodiment of the glow plug according to the invention may also be sealed with the sealing washer 7 so as not to allow dirt and moisture to penetrate and / or to hold the optional ceramic powder in the receiving part. In this case, the outer diameter of the sealing disc 7 is in contact with the inner diameter of a wide portion 22 of the support tube 2. Further, the sealing disc 7 in the in FIG. 1 embodiment shown implemented as an electrically insulating sleeve, in the middle of a recess 71 is provided, in which the connecting bolt 4 is arranged to be stored, whereby the connecting bolt 4 is additionally electrically insulated from the support tube 2. On one or more additional insulating components between the terminal bolt 4 and the support tube 2 can be dispensed with.

Als Einsatzgebiet für eine derartig aufgebaute Glühstiftkerze sind noch weitere Anwendungsgebiete der oben beschriebenen Stützrohr-Anordnung denkbar, wie zum Beispiel für einen Kraftstoffheizer wie beispielsweise einen Ethanolheizer in einem Flex-Startsystem, oder jede Form von elektrischem Rohrheizkörper, in dem ein nicht isolierter Heizwiderstand in eine Pulverpackung eingebettet ist.As a field of application for a glow plug constructed in this way, further fields of application of the support tube arrangement described above are conceivable, for example for a fuel heater such as an ethanol heater in a flex-start system, or any form of electric tubular heater in which a non-insulated heating resistor in a Embedded powder pack.

Claims (12)

  1. Electrically heatable sheathed-element glow plug (1) having
    a receiving part (2),
    a ceramic heating element (3), which is held in the receiving part (2) and has a positive pole (31) and a negative pole (32),
    an electrically conductive connection pin (4), which is electrically connected to the positive pole (31), and
    an electrically conductive connecting element (5), which is arranged between the connection pin (4) and the positive pole (31),
    wherein at least the positive pole (31) and the electrically conductive connecting element (5) are arranged in a cutout (33) in the ceramic heating element (3),
    characterized in that
    the electrically conductive connecting element (5) is elastic and the electrically conductive connecting element (5) is arranged such that it is held in the cutout (33) and is restrained in a compressed manner between the connection pin (4) and the positive pole (31).
  2. Sheathed-element glow plug according to Claim 1, wherein the connecting element (5) is completely accommodated in the cutout (33).
  3. Sheathed-element glow plug according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein a portion (41) of the connection pin (4) that is connected to the connecting element (5) is at least partially arranged in the cutout (33).
  4. Sheathed-element glow plug according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a dimension of the cutout (33) in the widthwise direction is greater than a dimension of the connecting element (5) in the widthwise direction.
  5. Sheathed-element glow plug according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the connecting element (5) has the form of a tablet.
  6. Sheathed-element glow plug according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the connecting element (5) consists of a metal mesh, preferably wherein the metal mesh is wound on.
  7. Sheathed-element glow plug according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the connecting element (5) consists of a graphite-based elastic material.
  8. Sheathed-element glow plug according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the connecting element (5) is prestressed by the connection pin (4).
  9. Sheathed-element glow plug according to one of the preceding claims, wherein within the receiving part (2) there is a cavity (6) between the connection pin (4) and the receiving part (2).
  10. Sheathed-element glow plug according to Claim 9, wherein the cavity (6) is at least partially filled, preferably with a ceramic powder.
  11. Sheathed-element glow plug according to Claim 9 or 10, also having a cover component (7), which closes off the cavity (6) and preferably electrically insulates and supports the connection pin (4) with respect to the receiving part (2).
  12. Method for producing an electrically heatable sheathed-element glow plug according to one of Claims 1 to 7 and 9 to 11, wherein the connection pin (4) is prestressed against the connecting element (5).
EP14752286.6A 2013-08-02 2014-07-29 Sheathed-element glow plug having a ceramic heating element with an internal contact-making means, and production method therefor Not-in-force EP3027970B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102013215269.8A DE102013215269A1 (en) 2013-08-02 2013-08-02 Glow plug with a heating element with internal contact, and manufacturing method of the same
PCT/EP2014/066283 WO2015014844A1 (en) 2013-08-02 2014-07-29 Sheathed-element glow plug having a ceramic heating element with an internal contact-making means, and production method therefor

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3027970A1 EP3027970A1 (en) 2016-06-08
EP3027970B1 true EP3027970B1 (en) 2018-05-16

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14752286.6A Not-in-force EP3027970B1 (en) 2013-08-02 2014-07-29 Sheathed-element glow plug having a ceramic heating element with an internal contact-making means, and production method therefor

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3027970B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2016522386A (en)
DE (1) DE102013215269A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2015014844A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102016121346B4 (en) * 2016-10-27 2018-05-09 Borgwarner Ludwigsburg Gmbh glow plug
DE102018108427B3 (en) * 2018-04-10 2019-07-25 Borgwarner Ludwigsburg Gmbh Heating rod for a glow plug and method for producing a heating rod and glow plug
JP2023063254A (en) * 2021-10-22 2023-05-09 ブルーム エネルギー コーポレイション Glow plug and solid oxide fuel cell system
US20230130672A1 (en) * 2021-10-22 2023-04-27 Bloom Energy Corporation Glow plug for a fuel cell system

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US4816643A (en) * 1985-03-15 1989-03-28 Allied-Signal Inc. Glow plug having a metal silicide resistive film heater
US5880432A (en) * 1996-12-23 1999-03-09 Le-Mark International Ltd. Electric heating device with ceramic heater wedgingly received within a metalic body
JP3810947B2 (en) 1999-06-16 2006-08-16 ボッシュ株式会社 Ceramic heater type glow plug
US6884967B1 (en) * 1999-06-16 2005-04-26 Chongging Le-Mark Ceramic Technology Co. Ltd. Multi-layer ceramic heater element and method of making same
ATE265023T1 (en) * 1999-08-27 2004-05-15 Bosch Gmbh Robert CERAMIC GLOW PIN CANDLE
DE10030924A1 (en) 2000-06-24 2002-01-03 Bosch Gmbh Robert glow plug
JP2005180855A (en) * 2003-12-22 2005-07-07 Bosch Automotive Systems Corp Ceramic heater type glow plug
US20070221647A1 (en) * 2006-03-23 2007-09-27 Federal-Mogul World Wide, Inc. Multi-layer heating element
DE102009045273A1 (en) 2009-10-02 2011-04-07 Robert Bosch Gmbh Heater plug manufacturing method for e.g. diesel engine, involves partly surrounding connecting area by solid ceramic element with electrically insulating characteristics, and partially cutting solid ceramic element in cutting process

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2016522386A (en) 2016-07-28
DE102013215269A1 (en) 2015-02-05
EP3027970A1 (en) 2016-06-08
WO2015014844A1 (en) 2015-02-05

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