EP3017105A1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von vliesstoff - Google Patents
Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von vliesstoffInfo
- Publication number
- EP3017105A1 EP3017105A1 EP14734031.9A EP14734031A EP3017105A1 EP 3017105 A1 EP3017105 A1 EP 3017105A1 EP 14734031 A EP14734031 A EP 14734031A EP 3017105 A1 EP3017105 A1 EP 3017105A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- belt
- press
- nonwoven
- roller
- web
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
- D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
- D04H1/492—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres by fluid jet
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
- D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H18/00—Needling machines
- D04H18/02—Needling machines with needles
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
- D04H3/10—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically
- D04H3/11—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically by fluid jet
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H5/00—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H5/02—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length strengthened or consolidated by mechanical methods, e.g. needling
- D04H5/03—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length strengthened or consolidated by mechanical methods, e.g. needling by fluid jet
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing a nonwoven fabric.
- a nonwoven web is a web of limited length fibers, continuous filaments or cut yarns of any kind and of any origin, which are in some way joined together to form a nonwoven (ie, a fibrous web) and somehow bonded together have been.
- Nonwoven fabrics include fiber webs made by interlacing yarns such as those used in weaving, knitting, knitting, lace making, braiding, and tufted fabric making. Also films and papers are not among the nonwovens.
- nonwoven formation Known processes for the production of nonwovens generally include nonwoven formation, nonwoven bonding and subsequent dewatering.
- Different methods of web formation are, for example, in WO
- the nonwoven can be formed in particular by a dry process, a wet process and / or an extrusion process.
- a dry process for example, an at least partially aerodynamic web formation is known, in which the web is formed at least partially from fibers by means of an air flow on an air-permeable base.
- the nonwoven may also be formed at least partially mechanically.
- the fleece can be formed, for example, from carding or carding removed flores, which are superimposed, or the fleece can also be formed directly from carding machines.
- the Nonwoven also be formed at least partially by the so-called spunbond process, in which the nonwoven fabric is formed by depositing fibers which are spun from a passing through nozzle melt polymer melt and by means of cold air and / or mechanically drawn.
- the web can also be formed, at least in part, by the so-called melt-blown process in which the web is formed by depositing fibers directly spun from a polymer melt passing through nozzles and drawn to rupture by means of hot air streams.
- any combinations of such web-forming methods are also conceivable.
- the subsequent nonwoven consolidation can be done, for example, by the so-called hydroentanglement process - which is also called "spunlacing".
- the formed nonwoven is solidified by entanglement of the fibers, wherein the entangling is effected by swirling, in particular by acting on the nonwoven focused high-pressure water jets.
- Such hydroentanglement entails further physical and visible properties of the nonwoven fabric produced.
- the nonwoven web is primarily passed over air suction slits to remove as much liquid as possible from the web before it is fed to the dryer section, in which further dewatering and in some cases so-called thermal and / or chemical solidification done.
- the efficiency of the drainage is limited, resulting in a correspondingly greater energy requirement for the evaporation of the excess liquid and the machine speed is lowered.
- the drainage efficiency is limited especially for open and / or perforated nonwovens.
- nonwoven fabric web is destroyed or at least impaired, which is particularly due to air losses at the web edges due to a non-constant width of the web.
- the air loss at the material web edges also brings a high energy consumption with it.
- nonwoven composition and structure of the nonwoven web e.g. may also be structured or perforated, the dry content of the nonwoven web obtained after dewatering is limited. Due to the relatively high vacuum, it may occur on the transfer belt concerned, with which the
- Nonwoven material web is guided over air suction slits and which is usually a fabric belt, a forming fabric or a nonwoven structuring and / or perforating Strukturierband come to a loss of fibers by so-called "fiber plucking".
- the plucked fibers pollute the wastewater and are lost to the manufacturing process.
- DE 10 2006 042 507 A1 discloses the use of a shoe press for dewatering a nonwoven material web. Although such a shoe press, viewed in the web running direction, has an extended press nip or press nip, as compared to a nip. Due to the relatively high pressure of the shoe press, however, it comes before the press nip the shoe press to a disturbing water retention. In addition, the relatively high leads
- the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a method and a device of the type mentioned at the outset with which the above-mentioned Problems are eliminated in the simplest and most reliable way possible.
- an efficient and cost-effective drainage of the formed nonwoven material web is to be achieved, which leads to a nonwoven material web with the largest possible volume and with a uniform moisture cross profile while avoiding a water jam.
- the structures and / or surface parameters produced during the web formation in the former are to be maintained in the course of the subsequent further dewatering of the material web, and the total product volume should as far as possible not be restricted by this further dewatering.
- a moisture profile which is as uniform as possible up to the web edges should be ensured, in particular, even with perforated nonwovens.
- the device While avoiding the use of air suction slits and a complex shoe press, the device is intended to ensure the highest possible dewatering capacity, as is required, in particular, for removing larger quantities of liquid, for example introduced into the web in the course of hydroentanglement, and having as compact a structure as possible.
- the solution according to the invention should also be feasible by the simplest possible conversion of existing machines.
- this object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1 and a device having the features of claim 45.
- the object is accordingly achieved, in particular, by methods for producing a nonwoven fabric in which a nonwoven is formed in a former and the resulting nonwoven material web is subsequently further dehydrated.
- the further dewatering of the nonwoven material web comprises the dewatering by means of a belt press, wherein the belt press has a roller around which - to form an extended press nips or
- Press nips - at least one voltage applied to the roller inner band and an outer press belt - each in a certain wrap angle - are looped, wherein the nonwoven material web at least in the region of the roller between the inner band and the outer press belt is arranged.
- the press belt is pressed onto the roll at a belt tension of at least 15 kN / m to create a mechanical pressure on the nonwoven web lying between the two belts, thereby pressing the nonwoven web and the inner belt contacting the roll against the roll to squeeze.
- the nonwoven fabric is formed in the former on a circulating transfer belt and the resulting nonwoven material web is passed over the transfer belt at least to the belt press and through its extended press nip.
- the belts of the belt press are preferably revolving or endless belts, which are guided together with the nonwoven material web through the (extended) press nip of the belt press.
- the inventive device provided in particular for carrying out the method according to the invention accordingly comprises a former for
- the belt press comprises a roller, around which at least one inner band lying against the roller and an outer pressing belt are wound.
- the nonwoven material web can be arranged and preferably arranged at least in the area of the roller between the inner band and the press belt.
- the press belt is pressed with a belt tension of at least 15 kN / m to the roller and preferably pressed.
- the nonwoven fabric is formed on a circulating transfer belt and the resulting nonwoven material web is guided over this transfer belt at least as far as the belt press and through its (extended) press nip.
- nonwoven is understood to mean a nonwoven fabric of low consistency obtained directly by the formation, whereas Nonwoven fabric is to be understood as meaning a nonwoven already having a certain or relatively higher consistency.
- belt tension of the outer press belt is understood to mean the quotient of the tension applied to the press belt and the width of the press belt, in accordance with the usual use of this term.
- press nip is the gap formed between the inner and outer band of the belt press in that the outer band is pressed against the roller with a belt tension of at least 15 kN / m.
- the invention also makes it possible to transfer the nonwoven material web with a higher solids content to the final, in particular thermal drying device, whereby the machinability in the dryer section is increased. Due to the reduced pressure in the belt press, the volume of the nonwoven web is reduced by no more than 10% in the dewatering. Consequently, the solids content of the nonwoven material web relative to the water content can be increased by more than 10% compared to the usual dewatering via air suction slots, resulting in a higher production capacity, energy consumption is reduced and the provision of additional or more expensive drying facilities avoided becomes.
- the inventive method in particular an excellent Maschinenschkeit.
- this is a deterioration of the quality of the formed nonwoven fabric due to an open draw, in particular an undesirable Elongation of the nonwoven web and / or the formation of unwanted fractures in the nonwoven web, reliably avoided, especially when the nonwoven web is passed through the device at a high speed.
- the nonwoven material web is preferably guided in a closed loop from the former via the belt press to a thermal drying device arranged downstream of the belt press.
- the formed web is also solidified on the transfer belt before being transferred to the belt press.
- solidification of the formed web preferably comprises consolidation by the hydroentanglement process.
- the nonwoven web be fed downstream of the belt press by a thermal dryer, most preferably a through-air drying (TAD), to deliver the nonwoven web to the desired final dry content dry.
- TAD through-air drying
- the thermal drying device preferably no more than one TAD or air drying device is used in the above embodiment, in particular with only a single TAD drying cylinder.
- the diameter of such a TAD drying cylinder is advantageously less than 4 m, preferably less than 3.5 m and particularly preferably less than 3 m.
- tapes of the belt press are used with respect to drying fluid and preferably to air and / or water vapor permeable belts and simultaneously with the pressing of the nonwoven material web against the roller a drying fluid through the permeable belts, including the transfer belt, and pressed through the nonwoven web, preferably by creating a corresponding pressure differential between the roller and the outer press belt.
- the roller of the belt press for discharging or receiving the drying fluid is designed with an open surface.
- At least one (endless) band wrapped around the drum of the belt press is permeable to water or adapted to receive water to absorb and / or accumulate the water produced by the mechanical press in the belt press to let pass.
- the nonwoven material web is subjected to heat in the extended press nip of the belt press via the drying fluid and / or separately therefrom, for example via the roller and / or at least one belt of the belt press.
- any inert gas or aerosol can be used as the drying fluid, with good results, in particular with air and / or steam. If air is used as the drying fluid, it may, for example, have ambient temperature.
- hot air may be used as the drying fluid, preferably hot air at a temperature in a range of 50 ° C to 250 ° C, more preferably at a temperature in a range of 150 ° C to 250 ° C, and more particularly preferably at a temperature in a range of 175 ° C to 225 ° C, such as at a temperature of about 200 ° C.
- water vapor When water vapor is used as the drying fluid, it is preferably used in a steam weight / weight ratio of the nonwoven web of up to 2 kg steam / kg nonwoven web and preferably in a steam weight / nonwoven web weight ratio of 0.1 to 1 kg of steam / kg nonwoven web, such as in a steam weight / weight ratio of the nonwoven web of about 0.5 kg steam / kg nonwoven web.
- a drying fluid is forced through the nonwoven web, with the roller of the belt press discharging or receiving the drying fluid having an open surface. It can be used as a roller of the belt press in particular a suction roll or a blow roll.
- the drying fluid is expediently removed starting from a drying fluid hood, at least by the permeable outer press belt, the transfer belt Nonwoven material web and the permeable inner band sucked or guided into the suction roll.
- the water dehydrated in the belt press is expediently sucked or guided into the suction roll or the permeable inner band.
- the suction roll is preferably at a negative pressure (ie, a difference between atmospheric pressure and the pressure prevailing in the suction roll) in the range of 0.25 bar to 0.6 bar and particularly preferably with a negative pressure in the range of 0.30 to 0 , 55 bar, as for example, with a negative pressure of about 0.45 bar, applied.
- a negative pressure ie, a difference between atmospheric pressure and the pressure prevailing in the suction roll
- the belts wrapping around the roller in the direction of flow of the drying fluid comprise a permeable press belt, preferably also the transfer belt serving for solidification and a felt belt.
- the drying fluid is preferably blown into a hood, at least through the permeable inner band, the nonwoven material web, the transfer belt and the permeable outer press belt, starting from the blower roll.
- the water dewatered in the belt press is expediently also blown or guided into the hood or the permeable outer band.
- the drying fluid at a pressure in the range of 0.25 bar to 0.6 bar, and more preferably at a pressure in the range of 0.30 bar to 0.55 bar, such as with a pressure in the range of about 0.45 bar, is blown above the atmospheric pressure through the permeable inner band, through the nonwoven web and through the permeable outer press belt to the hood.
- the nonwoven material web in the belt press which is preferred as stated above, in addition to the pressurization, is subjected to a drying fluid, the pressure exerted on the nonwoven material web depends inter alia also on the drying fluid flow.
- roller of the belt press is still surrounded by one or more other (endless) belts in addition to the inner and outer (endless) belt and the transfer belt, these other (endless) belts must also be permeable to the drying fluid , If the nonwoven material web is to be acted upon in the belt press by such a drying fluid, which - as stated above - is particularly preferred.
- a mechanical pressure of less than 140 kPa, especially less than 100 kPa and preferably less than 90 kPa, but of more than 30 kPa and preferably more than 45 kPa is exercised.
- the residence time of the nonwoven material web in the extended press nip of the belt press on between 0.05 sec and 0.5 sec set is set. With such a relatively long residence time, an efficient drainage is ensured despite the relatively low pressure and the correspondingly gentle treatment of the nonwoven material web.
- the nonwoven material web is dewatered in the belt press by at least 20%, preferably by 30 to 75% and particularly preferably by 33 to 50%. In this case, this degree of dewatering denotes the percentage weight loss in the dewatering based on the total weight of the nonwoven material web prior to dewatering in the belt press.
- the formed nonwoven fabric is solidified prior to transfer to the belt press, it may be advantageous in certain cases if it is preconsolidated in the region of a solidification cylinder wrapped around by the transfer belt and / or directly on the transfer belt in a region without consolidation cylinder, and then preferably additionally post-solidified wherein a respective solidification is preferably carried out by the hydroentanglement process.
- the device in question may thus comprise one or more solidification devices.
- the provided for the preconsolidation and / or provided for the Nachverfest Trents driving solidifying each only one or more, preferably two nozzles for generating the solidification inducing water jets include
- the formed nonwoven fabric can only be pre-consolidated without post-consolidation, which is sufficient in certain cases.
- a fabric tape or a dewatering tape provided with a porous surface is used as the transfer tape. It is particularly advantageous if a flat or a non-woven fabric web corresponding structuring and / or perforating tape is used as the transfer belt.
- the nonwoven material web is considered to be mechanically dewatered in the web running direction immediately after the last solidification step and before the belt press, preferably via the structured transfer belt. Since a lesser mechanical pressure is exerted on the nonwoven material web by the belt press, a higher volume of the nonwoven fabric is achieved while avoiding the water accumulation occurring in shoe presses, since due to the low pressure no significant compaction of the nonwoven fabric and therefore no significant volume loss occurs.
- the belt press with only two roll wrapping the (endless) belts and the transfer belt provided and the nonwoven material web between these two (endless) belts and the belts is arranged touching.
- both the inner (endless) belt and the transfer belt touch the nonwoven web.
- the belt press except the inner and the outer (endless) band may also be provided with at least one further (endless) band wrapping the roller in a predetermined wrap angle.
- the at least one further (endless) belt can be arranged in particular between the outer press belt and the transfer belt.
- the (endless) bands wrapping the roller of the belt press comprise at least one felt belt and / or a fabric belt.
- a felt belt is used as the inner (endless) belt that wraps around the roller of the belt press.
- the nonwoven material web in the belt press is simultaneously passed through by a drying fluid and a suction roll is used as the roller of the belt press. Dewatering on a felt belt results in a substantially more uniform moisture cross profile than is the case, for example, with drainage by means of a suction box. In addition, with the drainage of a felt and the fiber losses are reduced.
- the nonwoven material web in the belt press is preferably acted upon simultaneously by a drying fluid
- all wound around the roller of the belt press (endless) belts for the drying fluid are made permeable or permeable.
- At least one (endless) strip wound around the roller of the belt press is permeable to water or designed to receive water in order to absorb the water produced during the mechanical pressing occurring in the belt press and / or to be allowed to pass.
- an outer press belt of the belt press for example, an at least substantially smooth belt and preferably a smooth forming belt can be used.
- at least one (endless) belt of the belt press contacting the nonwoven material web is provided as a structured belt through which the nonwoven material web is patterned and / or perforated accordingly.
- the structured band may in particular be the transfer belt and / or outer press belt.
- the (endless) bands of the belt press are suitably looped around the roller over the same angle of wrap.
- the wrap angle of the inner band and / or outer press belt around the roller in a range of 90 ° to 180 ° and in particular is selected in a range of 100 ° to 120 °.
- a retention time of the nonwoven material web required for sufficiently high and at the same time gentle, even dewatering is achieved in the press nip of the belt press.
- the greater the wrap angle of the belts the greater the residence time of the nonwoven material web in the press nip with the same roll diameter and the same roll rotational speed.
- the diameter of the roller of the belt press in a range of 500 mm to 1400 mm and preferably in a range of 750 mm chosen up to 1200 mm. Since the pressure exerted on the nonwoven web in the belt press depends, inter alia, on the wrap angle of the (endless) belts and on the diameter of the roller of the belt press, such a relatively large diameter results in a relatively long press nip and a correspondingly efficient drainage due to the longer ones Residence time of
- Nonwoven material web in the press nip In principle, the greater the diameter of the roll, the greater the residence time of the nonwoven material web in the press nip at the same wrap angle of the belts and the same roll revolution speed.
- the nonwoven material web can be guided through an additional dewatering press between the belt press and the thermal drying device.
- a line force in a range of 20 kN / m to 100 kN / m, and more preferably a line force in a range of 50 kN / m to 90 kN / m is preferably produced to provide a gentle and uniform, but nevertheless to achieve strong drainage.
- Nonwoven material web preferably via the transfer belt in a closed train from the former to the belt press and preferably to the thermal drying device to transfer.
- the transfer of the nonwoven material web from the former to the belt press or up to this downstream thermal drying device can be carried out exclusively via the one transfer belt.
- the web formation also takes place in the former on this one transfer belt.
- the transfer belt thus also serves as a forming screen.
- solidification of the nonwoven fabric which in particular may comprise water beam hardening, preferably takes place on this transfer fabric. If the nonwoven material web is closed in A train is at least led to the belt press, so a Wasserstrahlverfest Trent may also be omitted.
- the nonwoven can also have a relatively low consistency on a smooth forming fabric or a structured forming fabric that structurally and / or perforates the nonwoven, preferably on the transfer ribbon, with a solids content of 0.01 to 0.1 Wt .-% based on 100 wt .-% of the resulting web are formed.
- the nonwoven fabric can be formed in the former by any method known to those skilled in the art, preferably by a dry method, wet method and / or an extrusion method.
- the nonwoven may be formed in the former at least partially by a wet process, in which the fibers are in particular suspended in water and deposited on a water-permeable support.
- the nonwoven in the former can also be aerodynamically formed at least partially.
- the fleece is formed by depositing fibers by means of an air flow on an air-permeable base.
- the nonwoven in the former can also be formed at least partially mechanically.
- it may be formed, at least in part, from carded or carded piles, which are laid one on top of the other, or formed by carding machines.
- the nonwoven may be at least partially formed by the so-called spunbond method in which the nonwoven by forming fibers spun from a polymer melt passing through nozzles and drawn by means of cold air and / or mechanically drawn.
- the nonwoven in the former can finally be formed at least partially by the so-called melt-blow process.
- the nonwoven fabric is formed by depositing fibers which are directly spun from a polymer melt passing through nozzles and drawn to rupture by means of hot air streams.
- the nonwoven fabric may be formed in the former not only by one of the aforementioned methods but also, in particular, by any combination of two or more of said methods.
- the formed nonwoven can then be solidified into a nonwoven material web, for example, by a hydroentanglement process.
- the formed nonwoven fabric is solidified by entangling fibers to the nonwoven material web, which is carried out by swirling, in particular by acting on focused high-pressure water jets on the nonwoven.
- the fleece can be simultaneously structured and / or perforated by the application of water jet.
- a hydroentanglement is not mandatory and may be omitted in particular when the nonwoven fibrous web is transferred in a closed train, such as by a single transfer belt, at least up to the belt press.
- the nonwoven material web is guided over this transfer belt at least to the belt press and through its extended press nip, which is preferred, it is ensured that the respective structure or Peroration remains unchanged.
- the pulp entry into the former may be i) at least partially made from natural fibers, preferably from northern bleached kraft pulp (NBKP), hardwood pulp (LBKP), abaca fiber pulp or cotton pulp, ii) at least partially from man-made fibers, preferably viscose, iii ) at least partially made of synthetic fibers, preferably of polyester or polyamide, iv) at least partially of mineral fibers, preferably glass fibers, v) at least partially made of carbon fibers and / or vi) consist of a mixture of any of the aforementioned substances.
- natural fibers preferably from northern bleached kraft pulp (NBKP), hardwood pulp (LBKP), abaca fiber pulp or cotton pulp
- man-made fibers preferably viscose
- iii ) at least partially made of synthetic fibers preferably of polyester or polyamide
- iv) at least partially of mineral fibers, preferably glass fibers v) at least partially made of carbon fibers and / or vi) consist
- the substance entry into the former can advantageously at least partially consist of fibers which are longer than 2 mm, preferably longer than 3 mm and particularly preferably longer than 4 mm.
- the substance entry into the former may in particular also comprise wood-containing fibrous material and / or short fibers.
- short fibers natural fibers which have an average length of 400 to 100 mm, but always longer than 1 cm.
- the nonwoven material web is produced with a weight per unit area in the range from 10 g / m 2 to 1200 g / m 2 .
- the nonwoven fabric can still be thermally and / or chemically solidified, if this requires the subsequent use of the nonwoven fabric.
- the (endless) bands of the belt press are designed as compared to drying fluid and preferably against air and / or water vapor permeable (endless) bands that simultaneously with the pressing of the nonwoven material web against the roll or simultaneously with the mechanical pressurization of the nonwoven material web by the belt press, preferably by a pressure difference between the roller and the outer press belt, a drying fluid can be flowed through the permeable (endless) belts and the nonwoven material web.
- At least one (endless) band wrapped around the drum of the belt press is permeable to water or adapted to receive water to absorb and / or accumulate the water produced by the mechanical press in the belt press to let pass.
- the device 60 shown purely schematically in FIG. 1 for the production of a nonwoven comprises a former, which is merely indicated by the reference numeral 28, for forming a nonwoven and also a belt press 34 for the other Dewatering of the nonwoven web 52 resulting from the formed web.
- the web is formed in the former 28 by a web forming process or any combination of various such processes. In this case, it can be formed in particular by a dry process, a wet process and / or an extrusion process.
- the formed nonwoven fabric is, for example, by means of at least one, in the present embodiment e.g. with two solidification devices 18, 20, which preferably operate according to the hydroentanglement method and here comprise, for example, two nozzles each.
- a hydroentangling apparatus is not mandatory in every case.
- the consolidated nonwoven web 52 is then further dewatered.
- the belt press 34 comprises a roller 36, around which at least one inner band 40 resting against the roller 36 and an outer press belt 42 are looped, resulting in an extended web direction L in the press nip 12.
- the nonwoven material web 52 is guided at least together with the inner band 40, the transfer belt 10 and the outer press belt 42 between them lying through the extended press nip 12 of the belt press 34.
- the press belt 42 is pressed against the roller 36 with a belt tension of at least 15 kN / m.
- the web is formed in the former 28 on a continuous, endless transfer belt 10, and the resulting nonwoven web 52 is passed through this transfer belt 10 at least to the belt press 34 and through its extended press nip 12 and preferably to led to a reference numeral 46 only indicated thermal drying device.
- the formed web together with the transfer belt 10 can, for example, pass through two solidification devices 18, 20.
- the first hardening device 18, viewed in the web running direction L, serves for a preconsolidation and the subsequent second hardening device 20 serves for a post-consolidation of the web.
- Both the pre-consolidation and the post-solidification takes place on the transfer belt 10, through which the solidified nonwoven material web 52 then passes at least to the belt press 34 and together with the belts 40, 42 through their extended press nip 12 and then preferably up to the thermal drying device 46 is guided. Downstream of the belt press 34, the nonwoven material web 52 is guided through the thermal drying device 46 together with the transfer belt 10.
- this thermal drying device may in particular comprise a TAD ("through air drying") or air drying device.
- no more than one such TAD or air drying device is provided with preferably only one TAD cylinder.
- the belts 40, 42 of the belt press 34 and the transfer belt 10 are preferably designed as belts which are permeable to drying fluid and preferably to air and / or water vapor 40, 42, 10 such that, simultaneously with the pressing of the nonwoven material web 52 against the belt Roller 36 by a pressure difference between the roller 36 and the outer press belt 42, a drying fluid through the permeable belts 40, 42, the transfer belt 10 and the nonwoven material web 52 can flow.
- the roller 36 of the belt press 34 is designed to discharge or receive the drying fluid with an open surface
- at least one endless belt 40, 42 looped around the roller of the belt press is permeable to water or is designed such that it can absorb water in order to absorb the water accumulating during the mechanical pressing occurring in the belt press 34 and / or to let pass.
- the belt press 34 may be configured to separate the nonwoven web 52 in its extended nip 12 via the drying fluid and / or separate therefrom, e.g. is applied via the roller 36 and / or one of the guided through the extended press nip 12 tapes, with heat.
- this further circulating belt 50 comes to rest in the press nip 12 between the transfer belt 10 and the outer press belt 42.
- the nonwoven fabric web 52 guided on the transfer belt 10 into and through the press nip 12 is guided by the press nip 12 between the transfer belt 10 and the inner belt 40.
- the nonwoven material web 52 is guided together with one and the same transfer belt 10 in a closed train from the former 28, optionally through the solidification devices 18, 20, through the belt press 34 and finally to the thermal drying device 46.
- the outer circumferential endless belt 42 of the belt press 34 serving as a press belt is for generating a mechanical pressure on the between the two Endless belts 40, 42 lying non-woven fabric web with a belt tension of at least 15 kN / m around the roller 36 stretched or pressed against this roller 36.
- a drying fluid is pressed through the endless belts 40, 42, the transfer belt 10, the further belt 50 and the nonwoven material web 52, preferably simultaneously with the mechanical pressurization of the nonwoven material web 52 by the press belt 42 of the belt press 34. by making a pressure difference between the roller 36 and the outer press belt 42.
- the endless belts 40, 42 and the transfer belt 10 and the other endless belt 50 in the present case for the drying fluid permeable, ie permeable to the drying fluid.
- the drying fluid can be used as the drying fluid, it being possible to use air at ambient temperature or also hot air as the drying air.
- the roller 36 of the belt press 34 can be designed in particular as a suction roll or as a blow roll.
- a suction roll the drying fluid from a drying fluid hood is sucked into the suction roll at least through the permeable outer endless belt 42, the transfer belt 10, the nonwoven web and the permeable inner endless belt 40.
- the drying fluid is blown from the blow roll at least through the permeable inner endless belt 40, the transfer belt 10, the nonwoven web and the permeable outer endless belt 42 into the hood.
- the endless belts 40, 42, 50 wrapping the roller 36 of the belt press 34 comprise at least one felt belt and / or at least one fabric belt.
- the roller 36 of the belt press 34 looping inner endless belt 40 may be provided a felt belt.
- an outer endless belt 42 of the belt press 34 for example, an at least substantially smooth belt, in particular smooth forming belt, can be used.
- at least one endless belt 40, 42 of the belt press 34 contacting the nonwoven material web is designed as a structured belt, by means of which the nonwoven material web is structured and / or perforated accordingly.
- the endless belts 40, 42, 50 of the belt press can in particular be wound around the roller 36 over the same angle of wrap.
- the nonwoven material web 56 can be dried in particular to the final dry content.
- the non-woven fabric with a low consistency having a solids content of in particular 0.01 to 0.1% can be formed on a smooth forming fabric or a structured forming fabric which structurally and / or perforates the nonwoven, preferably on the transfer tape 10 become.
- the nonwoven can also be structured and / or perforated at the same time by the optionally provided hardening device 18, 20, which operates in particular according to the hydroentanglement method.
- a hydroentangling device 18, 20 is accordingly in particular in sol Chen preferred cases in which the web or the nonwoven web 52 is additionally structured and / or perforated.
- the furnish in the former 28 may be i) at least partially made from natural fibers, such as northern bleached kraft pulp (NBKP), hardwood pulp (LBKP), abaca fiber pulp, cotton or the like, ii) at least partially from man-made fibers, such as Viscous or the like, iii) at least partially made of synthetic fibers, in particular of polyester, polyamide or the like, iv) at least partially of mineral fibers, in particular glass fibers or the like, v) at least partly of carbon fibers and / or vi) of a mixture of any of the aforementioned substances.
- natural fibers such as northern bleached kraft pulp (NBKP), hardwood pulp (LBKP), abaca fiber pulp, cotton or the like
- man-made fibers such as Viscous or the like
- synthetic fibers in particular of polyester, polyamide or the like
- mineral fibers in particular glass fibers or the like
- the substance entry into the former 28 at least partially consists of fibers which are longer than 2 mm, preferably longer than 3 mm and particularly preferably longer than 4 mm.
- hydroentanglement is not mandatory. However, it can be provided in particular in the case that the nonwoven material web 52 is additionally structured and / or perforated. Such structuring or perforation can take place, inter alia, via the solidifying devices 18, 20 operating according to the hydroentanglement method.
- the belt press 34 may also be provided with at least one structure band that structures and / or perforates the nonwoven material web 52 and that is correspondingly looped around the roller 36 again. In particular, it can perform the transfer belt 10 as the nonwoven material web 52 structuring and / or perforating structure band.
- the nonwoven on one and the same simultaneously serving as a forming fabric transfer belt 10 and formed by the belt press 34th through as well as to the thermal drying device 46, results in an overall extremely compact design.
- the thermal drying device 46 preferably does not comprise more than one TAD or air drying device, preferably with only one TAD drying cylinder.
- the diameter of such a TAD-Trockenzyl is preferably smaller than 4 m, preferably less than 3.5 m, and more preferably less than 3 m.
- a respective preconsolidation may, if appropriate, take place in the region of a solidification cylinder 16 looped by the transfer belt 10 and / or directly on the transfer belt 10 in a region without consolidation cylinder, as illustrated by the solidification device 18.
- the post-consolidation as represented by the solidification device 20, takes place directly on the transfer belt 10 in a region without solidification cylinder. Pre-consolidation is not always required. In certain cases, pre-consolidation without post consolidation may be sufficient.
- a dewatering device for the mechanical dewatering of the nonwoven material web 52 over the structured transfer belt 10 can be provided, in particular, between the last hardening device 20 in the web running direction L and the belt press 34.
- a line force in a range from 20 kN / m to 100 kN / m and preferably a line power in a range from 50 kN / m to 90 kN / m can be generated.
- TAD thermal drying device
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102013213070 | 2013-07-04 | ||
PCT/EP2014/062620 WO2015000686A1 (de) | 2013-07-04 | 2014-06-17 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von vliesstoff |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3017105A1 true EP3017105A1 (de) | 2016-05-11 |
EP3017105B1 EP3017105B1 (de) | 2017-08-02 |
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EP14734031.9A Active EP3017105B1 (de) | 2013-07-04 | 2014-06-17 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von vliesstoff |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP3017105B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN105452553B (de) |
WO (1) | WO2015000686A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN106996054A (zh) * | 2017-03-22 | 2017-08-01 | 仙鹤股份有限公司 | 一种木浆水刺复合无纺布用纸的生产方法 |
CN109112725A (zh) * | 2018-10-17 | 2019-01-01 | 广州市汉氏卫生用品有限公司 | 水刺无纺布及其制备方法 |
CN110616509B (zh) * | 2019-09-27 | 2022-01-21 | 俊富非织造材料(肇庆)有限公司 | 一种用于弹簧包布的新型纺粘水刺无纺布及其制备方法 |
CN112251917A (zh) * | 2020-11-02 | 2021-01-22 | 黄淑珠 | 一种纺织无纺布生产设备 |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2003095730A1 (en) * | 2002-05-08 | 2003-11-20 | Polymer Group, Inc. | Nonwoven fabrics having intercalated three-dimensional images |
US20070018364A1 (en) | 2005-07-20 | 2007-01-25 | Pierre Riviere | Modification of nonwovens in intelligent nips |
DE102005036891A1 (de) * | 2005-08-05 | 2007-02-08 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Maschine zur Herstellung von Tissuepapier |
DE102005039015A1 (de) * | 2005-08-18 | 2007-02-22 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Tissuepapier |
US7550061B2 (en) * | 2006-04-28 | 2009-06-23 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Dewatering tissue press fabric for an ATMOS system and press section of a paper machine using the dewatering fabric |
DE102006042507A1 (de) * | 2006-09-07 | 2008-03-27 | Andritz Küsters GmbH & Co. KG | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Behandlung einer ein Vlies umfassenden Warenbahn |
EP1961849A1 (de) * | 2007-02-22 | 2008-08-27 | ALBIS Spa | Vorverfestigte Spinnvliesbahn, Verbundvlies mit vorverfestigter Spinnvliesbahn, Verfahren und kontinuierliches System zur Herstellung dieses Verbundstoffes |
DE102008054990A1 (de) * | 2008-12-19 | 2010-06-24 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Materialbahn |
DE102011007568A1 (de) * | 2011-04-18 | 2012-10-18 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Materialbahn |
CN202865551U (zh) * | 2012-10-26 | 2013-04-10 | 福建南纺股份有限公司 | 一种水刺脱水装置 |
-
2014
- 2014-06-17 EP EP14734031.9A patent/EP3017105B1/de active Active
- 2014-06-17 WO PCT/EP2014/062620 patent/WO2015000686A1/de active Application Filing
- 2014-06-17 CN CN201480043943.0A patent/CN105452553B/zh active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See references of WO2015000686A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP3017105B1 (de) | 2017-08-02 |
WO2015000686A1 (de) | 2015-01-08 |
CN105452553B (zh) | 2018-09-25 |
CN105452553A (zh) | 2016-03-30 |
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