EP3004719B1 - Procede de fabrication d'une caisse autoporteuse pour l'isolation thermique d'une cuve de stockage d'un fluide et caisse autoporteuse ainsi realisee - Google Patents

Procede de fabrication d'une caisse autoporteuse pour l'isolation thermique d'une cuve de stockage d'un fluide et caisse autoporteuse ainsi realisee Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3004719B1
EP3004719B1 EP14734867.6A EP14734867A EP3004719B1 EP 3004719 B1 EP3004719 B1 EP 3004719B1 EP 14734867 A EP14734867 A EP 14734867A EP 3004719 B1 EP3004719 B1 EP 3004719B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cover panel
bearing webs
panel
thermoplastic
base panel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP14734867.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3004719A2 (fr
Inventor
Bruno Deletre
Olivier Perrot
Sébastien DELANOE
Florent OUVRARD
Benoît CAPITAINE
Nicolas WALKER
Gery Canler
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Gaztransport et Technigaz SA
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Gaztransport et Technigaz SA
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Publication of EP3004719A2 publication Critical patent/EP3004719A2/fr
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
    • F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
    • F17C3/025—Bulk storage in barges or on ships
    • F17C3/027—Wallpanels for so-called membrane tanks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0147—Shape complex
    • F17C2201/0157—Polygonal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/052—Size large (>1000 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0325—Aerogel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0329—Foam
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0329—Foam
    • F17C2203/0333—Polyurethane
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0337—Granular
    • F17C2203/0341—Perlite
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0345—Fibres
    • F17C2203/035—Glass wool
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0354—Wood
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0358—Thermal insulations by solid means in form of panels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0626—Multiple walls
    • F17C2203/0631—Three or more walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0636—Metals
    • F17C2203/0648—Alloys or compositions of metals
    • F17C2203/0651—Invar
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
    • F17C2209/22—Assembling processes
    • F17C2209/225—Spraying
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
    • F17C2209/22—Assembling processes
    • F17C2209/227—Assembling processes by adhesive means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
    • F17C2209/22—Assembling processes
    • F17C2209/228—Assembling processes by screws, bolts or rivets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
    • F17C2209/23—Manufacturing of particular parts or at special locations
    • F17C2209/238—Filling of insulants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/01—Improving mechanical properties or manufacturing
    • F17C2260/013—Reducing manufacturing time or effort
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships
    • F17C2270/0107—Wall panels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/011—Barges
    • F17C2270/0113—Barges floating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0118—Offshore
    • F17C2270/0123—Terminals

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of tanks, sealed and thermally insulating, with membranes, for the storage and / or transport of fluid, such as a cryogenic fluid.
  • Sealed and thermally insulated tanks with membranes are used in particular for the storage of liquefied natural gas (LNG), which is stored, at atmospheric pressure, at around -162 ° C.
  • LNG liquefied natural gas
  • These tanks can be installed on the ground or on a floating structure.
  • the tank may be intended for the transport of liquefied natural gas or to receive liquefied natural gas serving as fuel for the propulsion of the floating structure.
  • the document FR 2 877 639 describes a sealed and thermally insulating tank comprising a tank wall, fixed to the supporting structure of a floating structure and successively having, in the thickness direction, from the inside towards the outside of the tank, a waterproof barrier primary intended to be in contact with liquefied natural gas, a primary insulating barrier, a secondary waterproof barrier and a secondary insulating barrier, anchored to the supporting structure.
  • the insulating barriers consist of a plurality of juxtaposed parallelepipedal heat insulating boxes.
  • the parallelepipedic boxes include a plywood bottom panel, a plywood cover panel and a plurality of carrier sails interposed between the bottom panel and the cover panel.
  • the bearing sails are wavy so as to ensure good resistance to compression forces, in the direction perpendicular to the bottom and cover panels, and thus resist the hydrostatic pressure exerted by the liquid contained in the tank.
  • the boxes are, moreover, filled with heat-insulating linings extending in the compartments formed between the load-bearing sails.
  • An idea on which the invention is based is to propose a method of manufacturing a self-supporting box for the thermal insulation of a fluid storage tank in which the fixing of the load-bearing sails to the bottom panel and / or to the cover panel is simple and reliable.
  • the invention provides a method of manufacturing a self-supporting box intended for the thermal insulation of a tank according to claim 1 or claim 8.
  • the bearing sails can be assembled to the bottom panel and / or to the cover panel in a simple and reliable manner since the fixing members do not degrade the structural integrity of the bearing sails so that the latter are not weakened by their attachment to the bottom panel and / or to the cover panel.
  • the invention also provides a self-supporting box intended for the thermal insulation of a tank, with a waterproof membrane, for storing a fluid according to claim 14 or 15.
  • the invention also relates to a self-supporting box having such load-bearing sails having an upper end, intended to support a cover panel, provided with a fixing strip intended for anchoring a weld support for welding metal strakes. a waterproof membrane.
  • the invention also provides a sealed and thermally insulating tank for storing a fluid comprising a thermal insulation barrier comprising a plurality of above-mentioned boxes, juxtaposed, and a sealing membrane resting against the barrier of 'thermal insulation.
  • Such a tank can be part of a terrestrial storage installation, for example to store LNG or be installed in a floating structure, coastal or deep water, in particular an LNG tanker, a floating unit of storage and regasification (FSRU), a floating production and remote storage unit (FPSO) and others.
  • LNG tanker for example to store LNG
  • FSRU floating unit of storage and regasification
  • FPSO floating production and remote storage unit
  • a vessel for transporting a fluid comprises a double hull and aforementioned tank disposed in the double hull.
  • the invention also provides a method of loading or unloading such a ship, in which a fluid is conveyed through insulated pipes from or to a floating or land storage installation to or from the tank of the ship.
  • the invention also provides a transfer system for a fluid, the system comprising the aforementioned ship, isolated pipes arranged so as to connect the tank installed in the hull of the ship to a floating or land storage installation. and a pump for entraining a fluid through the insulated pipes from or to the floating or land storage installation towards or from the vessel of the ship.
  • FIG. 1 a wall of a sealed and thermally insulating tank is shown.
  • the general structure of such a tank is well known and has a polyhedral shape. We will therefore only focus on describing a wall area of the tank, it being understood that all the walls of the tank may have a similar general structure.
  • the wall of the tank comprises, from the outside towards the inside of the tank, a support structure 1, a secondary thermally insulating barrier 2 which is formed of heat-insulated boxes 3 juxtaposed on the support structure 1 and anchored to it by secondary retaining members 4, a sealing membrane secondary 5 carried by the boxes 3, a primary thermally insulating barrier 6 formed of heat insulating boxes 7 juxtaposed and anchored to the secondary sealing membrane 5 by primary retaining members 8 and a primary sealing membrane 9, carried by the boxes 7 and intended to be in contact with the cryogenic fluid contained in the tank.
  • the supporting structure 1 can in particular be a self-supporting metal sheet or, more generally, any type of rigid partition having suitable mechanical properties.
  • the supporting structure can in particular be formed by the hull or the double hull of a ship.
  • the supporting structure comprises a plurality of walls defining the general shape of the tank.
  • the primary 9 and secondary 5 sealing membranes are, for example, constituted by a continuous sheet of metal strakes with raised edges, said strakes being welded by their raised edges on parallel welding supports held on the bodies 3, 7.
  • the metal strakes are, for example, made of Invar®: that is to say an alloy of iron and nickel whose coefficient of expansion is typically between 1.2.10 -6 and 2.10 -6 K -1 .
  • the boxes 3 of the secondary thermally insulating barrier 2 and the boxes 7 of the primary thermally insulating barrier 6 can either have identical or different structures and equal or different dimensions.
  • the box 3, 7 has substantially the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped.
  • the box 3, 7 has a bottom panel 10 and a cover panel 11 parallel.
  • the bottom 10 and cover 11 panels are, for example, made of plywood.
  • a plurality of spacers are interposed between the bottom panel 10 and the cover panel 11, perpendicular thereto.
  • the plurality of spacers comprises, on the one hand, two opposite side walls 12, 13, and, on the other hand, a plurality of carrier sails 14.
  • the carrier sails 14 are arranged parallel to each other between the two side walls 12, 13, in a direction perpendicular to said side walls 12, 13.
  • the carrier webs 14 rise in the thickness direction of the body 3, 7.
  • the cover panel 11 has, on its internal face, grooves for housing the welding supports of the metal straps of the waterproofing membrane.
  • the weld supports 31 are held by fixing strips 30 integral with the carrier webs 14 of the boxes 3, 7 and the cover panel 11 has through grooves 32 enabling the welding supports 31 to be hooked to the fixing strips 30.
  • Compartments 15 for housing a heat-insulating lining are provided between the carrier webs 14.
  • the heat-insulating lining can be made of any material having suitable thermal insulation properties.
  • the thermal insulation is chosen from materials such as perlite, glass wool, polyurethane foam, polyethylene foam, polyvinyl chloride foam, aerogels or the like.
  • the carrier sails 14 are wavy and oscillate on either side of their general longitudinal direction. Each corrugation therefore extends along an axis perpendicular to the bottom 10 and cover 11 panels. In the embodiment shown, the corrugations are substantially sinusoidal. However, other forms of ripples are also possible. By way of example, the corrugations may in particular have shapes of triangular teeth or rectangular slots. Thanks to their shape, such corrugated carrier sails 14 have a high buckling resistance without it being necessary to give them a lot of thickness. Note that if corrugations with a periodic structure ensure good uniformity of compressive strength, it is also possible to provide non-periodic corrugations to meet certain localized mechanical requirements.
  • the figures 3 and 4 illustrate a carrier veil 14.
  • the carrier veil 14 includes soles 16a, 16b for distributing the loads.
  • the upper sole 16a has a flat surface intended to come opposite the cover panel 11 while the lower sole 16b has a flat surface which is intended to come opposite the bottom panel 10.
  • the soles 16a, 16b have a width which is greater than the thickness of the wall of the carrier web 14 in its main part, extending between the two soles 16a, 16b.
  • the load distribution soles 16a, 16b prevent a concentration of stresses on a particular area by providing a greater bearing surface between the bearing web 14 and the bottom 10 and cover 11 panels.
  • the soles 16a, 16b load distribution may have a parallelepiped shape, as illustrated on the figures 3 or 4 .
  • the width of the flanges 16a, 16b may be equal to the amplitude of the undulations.
  • the flanges 16a, 16b for distributing the loads may themselves have undulations.
  • the bearing webs 14 are made of composite material comprising a thermoplastic matrix reinforced with fibers. A method of manufacturing bearing sails 14 is described in relation to the Figures 5 and 6 .
  • a double-band press 17 is supplied with glass fibers 18 and thermoplastic resin 19, for example based on polypropylene.
  • the thermoplastic resin 19 can be loaded on the double belt press 17 in the form of extruded films or in the form of powder.
  • the glass fibers 18 are supplied in the form of spools of glass wire, cut to the desired length.
  • the thermoplastic resin 19 and the glass fibers 18 are co-laminated in the double band press 17.
  • a cutting device makes it possible to obtain a plurality of plates.
  • Such plates have a composite structure comprising a thermoplastic matrix and a glass fiber mat or felt.
  • Such composite structures are designated by the acronym GMT, for "glass fiber mat reinforced thermoplastics" in English.
  • the plates of composite material are shaped, as shown in the figure 5 .
  • the composite material plates are heated in an oven 20, then placed in a mold 21 in which they will be shaped by applying pressure.
  • the carrier sails 14 thus formed are then cooled.
  • the bearing webs 14 are thus formed by thermocompression, by heating the plates of composite material and then stamping them in the press.
  • the bearing webs 14 can also be produced by thermoforming, that is to say by creep of the composite material plates under temperature and vacuum conditions.
  • the method for producing a bearing sail 14 is described above only by way of example and that the invention is not limited to bearing sails 14 thus produced.
  • the bearing webs 14 can also be obtained by injection molding, by extrusion or pultrusion.
  • the thermoplastic matrix can comprise any suitable thermoplastic material, such as polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), polyamides (PA), polyetherimide (PEI), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyterephthalate d “ethylene (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS) or others.
  • PP polypropylene
  • PE polyethylene
  • PA polyamides
  • PEI polyetherimide
  • PVC polyvinyl chloride
  • PET polyterephthalate d "ethylene
  • PET polybutylene terephthalate
  • ABS acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer
  • the figure 7 illustrates the assembly of load-bearing sails 14 and bottom panels 10 and cover 11 according to one embodiment.
  • the bottom 10 and cover 11 panels have a plywood body.
  • the inner faces of the bottom 10 and cover 11 panels, facing the inside of the body, are covered with thermoplastic film 21, 22.
  • a plastic welding operation in the interface zones 25 between the thermoplastic films 21, 22 and the bearing webs 14 of composite material.
  • the welding operation is, for example, carried out by infrared radiation. It is however possible to use any other suitable plastic welding method, such as ultrasonic welding, induction heating, friction welding, molten material welding, hot air jet welding or flaming. Note that in the case of induction welding, it is necessary to have metal inserts on the bearing sails and / or on the bottom panels 10 and / or cover 11, at the interface between the bearing sails 14 and the bottom 10 and cover 11 panels so as to allow heating of the thermoplastic material.
  • protective masks are previously arranged on the inner faces of the bottom 10 and cover 11 panels between the interface zones 25 between the bearing webs 14 and the panels 10, 11.
  • the protective masks can then be removed.
  • the thermoplastic films 21, 22 are not deteriorated during the welding operations.
  • Such protective masks are, for example, made of metallic, ceramic and / or glass materials.
  • Such masks are advantageously equipped with a cooling circuit in which a fluid, such as water, air or oil, circulates in order to regulate the temperature of said masks.
  • the outer face of the bottom 10 and cover 11 panels is also covered with thermoplastic films 23, 24.
  • thermoplastic films 23, 24 Such an arrangement makes it possible to balance the bending of the cover 11 and bottom 10 panels, in particular when 'they are subject to significant thermal stresses when the tank is cold.
  • thermoplastic films 21, 22 only partially cover the inner faces of the bottom panels 10 and of the cover 11. In this case, strips 29 of thermoplastic films are placed in the interface zones 25 with the bearing webs 14.
  • thermoplastic films 21, 22, 23, 24, 29 are for example made of a composite material comprising a thermoplastic matrix reinforced with fibers. Thus, such thermoplastic films 21, 22, 23, 24, 29 contribute to increasing the mechanical resistance of the bottom and cover panels, by increasing their flexural rigidity and by improving their resistance to punching. Such thermoplastic films 21, 22, 23, 24, 29 typically have a thickness of the order of 0.5 to 5 mm.
  • thermoplastic films 21, 22, 23, 24, 29 are fixed to the body of the bottom and cover panels 11 by gluing.
  • the adhesive used is for example an acrylic adhesive, a polyurethane adhesive, or an epoxy adhesive.
  • thermoplastic films 21, 22, 23, 24, 29 are fixed to the body of the panels by a hot pressing process.
  • a hot pressing process it is possible to integrate the fixing of the thermoplastic films directly into the plywood manufacturing process.
  • thermoplastic films 21, 22, 23, 24, 29 comprise a thermoplastic matrix identical to the thermoplastic matrix of the bearing webs 14.
  • the bottom 10 and cover 11 panels include a body made of a composite material comprising a thermoplastic matrix, identical to that of the carrier webs 14, reinforced with fibers.
  • the bottom 10 and cover 11 panels are produced in a wooden body, impregnated with a thermoplastic matrix, of the same kind as that of the bearing webs 14.
  • the body can be produced by agglomeration of fibers previously impregnated of a thermoplastic matrix.
  • the body can be made of plywood, the inner ply, and optionally the outer ply, are made of wood that is sufficiently porous to diffuse the plastic matrix when hot and under pressure inside said plies.
  • wood is for example chosen from birch, fir, beech or others.
  • the figure 10 presents the assembly of load-bearing sails 14 and bottom panels 10 and cover 11 according to another embodiment which does not represent the invention.
  • the positioning of the heat-insulating lining in the compartments 15 formed between the supporting webs 14 can be done after the fixing of the supporting webs 14 on the cover 11 and bottom 10 panels.
  • the order in which this step is carried out is indifferent .
  • the bearing web 14 comprises at its upper end a fixing strip 30 making it possible to retain a weld support 31, illustrated only on the figure 11 , for welding metal strakes of a waterproof membrane.
  • the cover panel 11, illustrated on the figure 11 has a plurality of grooves 32 coming opposite the upper ends of the bearing webs 14.
  • the fixing strips 30 therefore extend inside the grooves 32 in order to allow the attachment of the welding supports 31 to the fixing strips 32.
  • the welding support 31 and the fixing strip 30 are both made of invar ® sheet and constitute a sliding joint. To do this, the fastening strip 30 has a longitudinal edge folded in a U to form a hook 33.
  • the weld support 31 has a longitudinal edge folded in a U to form a hook 34.
  • the two hooks 33, 34 are nested one inside the other so that the weld support 31 is retained on the carrier web 14 by means of the fixing strip 30.
  • a sliding joint thus formed allows the weld support 31 to slide relative to to the self-supporting box 3, 7 in the longitudinal direction.
  • the fixing strip 30 is integrated in an insert 35 produced by overmolding of thermoplastic material on the fixing strip 30.
  • the strip fixing 30 comprises an anchoring wing 36 extending substantially perpendicular to the thickness direction of the self-supporting box 3, 7 and making it possible to ensure a resistant anchoring of the fixing strip 30 in the insert 35.
  • the insert 35 is positioned in a housing formed at the level of the upper sole 16a for distributing the loads and then fixed to the main body of the bearing web 14 by heat sealing.
  • the heat sealing operation can be carried out by any of the welding methods described above.
  • Such integration of the fixing strip 30 in the bearing web 14 makes it possible to avoid using staples, which are liable to degrade the structure of the bearing webs 14, causing cracks.
  • such integration by means of an insert made of thermo-welded thermoplastic material on the main body of the bearing veil 14 facilitates the production and demolding of the carrying veil 14.
  • the fixing strip 30 is taken in the mass of the carrier web 14, during its thermoforming.
  • the fixing strip also has an anchoring wing 36 extending substantially perpendicular to the thickness direction of the body 3, 7.
  • the fixing strip 30 is disposed inside the mold 21 and is taken in the mass of the carrier web 14 during its thermoforming. Such integration of the fixing strip 30 in the carrier web 14 is simple.
  • the technique described above for making a self-supporting box can be used in different types of tanks, for example to make the primary thermal insulation barrier and / or the secondary thermal insulation barrier of an LNG tank in an installation on land or in a floating structure such as an LNG tanker or other.
  • a cutaway view of an LNG tanker 70 shows a sealed and insulated tank 71 of generally prismatic shape mounted in the double hull 72 of the ship.
  • the wall of the tank 71 comprises a primary waterproof barrier intended to be in contact with the LNG contained in the tank, a secondary waterproof barrier arranged between the primary waterproof barrier and the double hull 72 of the ship, and two thermal insulation barriers arranged respectively between the primary waterproof barrier and the secondary waterproof barrier and between the secondary waterproof barrier and the double shell 72.
  • loading / unloading lines 73 arranged on the upper deck of the ship can be connected, by means of appropriate connectors, to a maritime or port terminal for transferring a cargo of LNG from or to the tank 71.
  • the figure 15 represents an example of a maritime terminal comprising a loading and unloading station 75, an underwater pipe 76 and a shore installation 77.
  • the loading and unloading station 75 is a fixed offshore installation comprising a movable arm 74 and a tower 78 which supports the movable arm 74.
  • the movable arm 74 carries a bundle of insulated flexible pipes 79 which can be connected to the loading / unloading pipes 73.
  • the movable arm 74 can be adjusted to suit all sizes of LNG carriers.
  • a connection pipe, not shown, extends inside the tower 78.
  • the loading and unloading station 75 allows the loading and unloading of the LNG carrier 70 from or to the onshore installation 77.
  • This comprises liquefied gas storage tanks 80 and connecting pipes 81 connected by the subsea pipe 76 to the loading or unloading station 75.
  • the subsea pipe 76 allows the transfer of the liquefied gas between the loading or unloading station 75 and the shore installation 77 over a long distance, for example 5 km, which makes it possible to keep the LNG carrier 70 at a great distance from the coast during the loading and unloading operations.
  • pumps on board the ship 70 and / or pumps fitted to the shore installation 77 and / or pumps fitted to the loading and unloading station 75 are used.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Packages (AREA)
EP14734867.6A 2013-06-07 2014-06-02 Procede de fabrication d'une caisse autoporteuse pour l'isolation thermique d'une cuve de stockage d'un fluide et caisse autoporteuse ainsi realisee Active EP3004719B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1355268A FR3006661B1 (fr) 2013-06-07 2013-06-07 Procede de fabrication d'une caisse autoporteuse pour l'isolation thermique d'une cuve de stockage d'un fluide et caisse autoporteuse ainsi realisee
PCT/FR2014/051295 WO2014195614A2 (fr) 2013-06-07 2014-06-02 Procede de fabrication d'une caisse autoporteuse pour l'isolation thermique d'une cuve de stockage d'un fluide et caisse autoporteuse ainsi realisee

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3004719A2 EP3004719A2 (fr) 2016-04-13
EP3004719B1 true EP3004719B1 (fr) 2020-03-11

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EP14734867.6A Active EP3004719B1 (fr) 2013-06-07 2014-06-02 Procede de fabrication d'une caisse autoporteuse pour l'isolation thermique d'une cuve de stockage d'un fluide et caisse autoporteuse ainsi realisee

Country Status (8)

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EP (1) EP3004719B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP6336051B2 (ja)
KR (1) KR102263150B1 (ja)
CN (1) CN105263826B (ja)
AU (1) AU2014276646B2 (ja)
ES (1) ES2785383T3 (ja)
FR (1) FR3006661B1 (ja)
WO (1) WO2014195614A2 (ja)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3052229B1 (fr) * 2016-06-01 2018-07-06 Gaztransport Et Technigaz Cuve etanche et thermiquement isolante integree dans une structure porteuse polyedrique
FI129526B (fi) * 2016-06-23 2022-03-31 Metsaeliitto Osuuskunta Lämmöneristyskotelon seinämärakenne
CN107351978B (zh) * 2017-05-15 2019-02-01 沪东中华造船(集团)有限公司 一种lng船液穹区域的绝缘填充方法
US20220349524A1 (en) * 2019-08-09 2022-11-03 Gaztransport Et Technigaz Method for manufacturing a wall of a sealed and thermally insulating tank having inter-panel insulating inserts
FR3111177B1 (fr) * 2020-06-09 2022-07-08 Gaztransport Et Technigaz Bloc isolant convenant pour le soutien et l’isolation thermique d’une membrane étanche destinée à contenir un fluide
CN112124520B (zh) * 2020-07-29 2023-10-20 沪东中华造船(集团)有限公司 一种lng船围护系统预作业方法
CN113007310A (zh) * 2021-01-21 2021-06-22 南京航空航天大学 一种基于智能复合材料的复合型齿轮

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US3972166A (en) * 1974-08-23 1976-08-03 Ishikawajima-Harima Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Heat insulation structure for liquefied gas storage tank
FR2527544B1 (fr) * 1982-06-01 1987-01-09 Gaz Transport Cuve etanche et thermiquement isolante integree a la structure porteuse d'un navire et navire la comportant
JP2913256B2 (ja) * 1994-04-04 1999-06-28 鋼鈑建材株式会社 段ボール構造のパネルおよびその製造法
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FR2867831B1 (fr) * 2004-03-17 2006-05-19 Gaz Transport & Technigaz Caisse autoporteuse en bois convenant pour le soutien et l'isolation thermique d'une membrane de cuve etanche
FR2877639B1 (fr) * 2004-11-10 2006-12-15 Gaz Transp Et Technigaz Soc Pa Cuve etanche et thermiquement isolee integree a la stucture porteuse d'un navire
NO327766B1 (no) * 2006-06-19 2009-09-21 Tanker Engineering As Sylindrisk tank og fremgangsmate for fremstilling av denne
DE102006056821B4 (de) * 2006-12-01 2010-09-30 Institut für Luft- und Kältetechnik gGmbH Thermisches Isolationssystem, insbesondere für LNG-Tankschiffe und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
KR100991994B1 (ko) * 2008-03-28 2010-11-04 삼성중공업 주식회사 액화가스 로딩/언로딩 시스템을 가지는 액화천연가스운반선
KR101122292B1 (ko) * 2008-06-19 2012-03-21 삼성중공업 주식회사 액화천연가스 운반선 화물창의 단열구조 및 그것의 시공방법

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2016524679A (ja) 2016-08-18
CN105263826A (zh) 2016-01-20
CN105263826B (zh) 2018-02-13
AU2014276646B2 (en) 2018-06-07
AU2014276646A1 (en) 2015-12-24
KR20160016866A (ko) 2016-02-15
KR102263150B1 (ko) 2021-06-09
ES2785383T3 (es) 2020-10-06
FR3006661B1 (fr) 2018-02-02
WO2014195614A3 (fr) 2015-12-10
FR3006661A1 (fr) 2014-12-12
EP3004719A2 (fr) 2016-04-13
JP6336051B2 (ja) 2018-06-06
WO2014195614A2 (fr) 2014-12-11

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