EP2986591B1 - Verfahren zur herstellung von nitrilen unter verwendung eines katalysators aus antimon und eisen - Google Patents

Verfahren zur herstellung von nitrilen unter verwendung eines katalysators aus antimon und eisen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2986591B1
EP2986591B1 EP14725224.1A EP14725224A EP2986591B1 EP 2986591 B1 EP2986591 B1 EP 2986591B1 EP 14725224 A EP14725224 A EP 14725224A EP 2986591 B1 EP2986591 B1 EP 2986591B1
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Prior art keywords
formula
alcohol
catalyst
gas phase
process according
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2986591A1 (de
Inventor
Sébastien PAUL
Benjamin Katryniok
Franck Dumeignil
Carsten Liebig
Wolfgang Hölderich
Cyrille GUILLON
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Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS
Universite de Lille 1 Sciences et Technologies
Ecole Centrale de Lille
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Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS
Universite de Lille 1 Sciences et Technologies
Ecole Centrale de Lille
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C253/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles
    • C07C253/24—Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles by ammoxidation of hydrocarbons or substituted hydrocarbons
    • C07C253/26—Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles by ammoxidation of hydrocarbons or substituted hydrocarbons containing carbon-to-carbon multiple bonds, e.g. unsaturated aldehydes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
    • B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
    • B01J23/84—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
    • B01J23/843—Arsenic, antimony or bismuth
    • B01J23/8435—Antimony
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/52—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the use of an antimony and iron catalyst to catalyze the production of nitriles, especially acrylonitrile, and to a process for the production of nitriles, especially acrylonitrile, in gas phase, in the presence of such a catalyst.
  • textile fibers such as acrylic fibers, nylon, synthetic rubber, or else nitrogen elastomers after copolymerization with butadiene, or even high performance solid resins (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene: ABS resins) after copolymerization with butadiene and styrene.
  • ABS resins high performance solid resins
  • This reaction is carried out in the gas phase in a fluidized bed reactor, at high temperature, generally at 350-400 ° C., in the absence of water and in the presence of a catalyst based on bismuth and molybdenum.
  • the use of the catalyst of formula (I) above makes it possible to carry out the ammoxidation reaction of an alcohol of formula (II) to give a nitrile of formula (III), corresponding, in particular to acrylonitrile, in the gas phase with a very good performance.
  • This reaction also makes it possible, by way of byproducts, to access acrolein (and acrylic acid by subsequent oxidation of acrolein), acetone, acetaldehyde, acetonitrile and propionaldehyde, which are also valuable because they are intermediaries widely used in the chemical industry.
  • the raw material (the alcohol of formula (II)) can be produced from renewable resources, which makes it possible to dispense with the fossil resources to access the nitriles of formula (III), and in particular acrylonitrile.
  • glycerol alone or in admixture with formic acid, may be used to produce allyl alcohol according to various gas phase or liquid phase catalytic processes described in the literature, particularly in international applications. WO 2008/092115 and WO 2011/08509 .
  • the catalyst of formula (I) above may especially be prepared according to the method described by Allen MD et al. (Catalysis Letters 33, 1995, 269 ) or by Li K.-T. et al. (Applied Catalysis A: General 156, 1997, 117-130 ). Briefly, this process involves reacting an acidic aqueous solution an iron salt, such as, for example, iron nitrate, at a temperature of about 80 ° C., with antimony oxide (Sb 2 O 3 ) and then maintaining the temperature between 80 and 90 ° C. for several hours to evaporate the solvent and obtain a pasty product which is then dried at about 100 ° C for several days. The resulting catalyst powder is then pressed into pellets which are then ground into a powder which is preferably calcined under static air for at least 30 minutes at a temperature preferably between 300 and 700 ° C.
  • an iron salt such as, for example, iron nitrate
  • a solid catalyst selected from the following compounds of formula (I): Sb x Fe 1 O y (I) where x varies
  • the separation of the co-products of the reaction can be carried out according to techniques known to those skilled in the art and these co-products can also be valued because they are intermediates of interest in the chemical industry.
  • R 1 represents a hydrogen atom
  • the alcohol of formula (II) is allylic alcohol and the nitrile of formula (III), acrylonitrile.
  • R 1 is a methyl radical
  • the alcohol of formula (II) is methallyl alcohol and the nitrile of formula (III) is methacrylonitrile.
  • R 1 represents a hydrogen atom.
  • the process according to the invention comprises a step of ammoxidation of allyl alcohol acrylonitrile.
  • the catalyst is preferably chosen from compounds of formula (I) in which x varies from 0.5 to 0.8 inclusive.
  • the ammoxidation reaction is preferably carried out at a temperature greater than or equal to about 400 ° C., and even more preferably at a temperature ranging from about 350 to 450 ° C. inclusive.
  • the ammoxidation reaction is carried out at atmospheric pressure.
  • the contact time defined as the ratio between the volume of catalyst (in mL) and the total volume flow rate of the gas injected into the reactor (in mL / s), calculated at the temperature and the pressure of the reaction, varies preferably from about 0.05 to 2 s, and still more preferably from about 0.05 to 0.5 s.
  • the molar alcohol ratio of formula (II) / ammonia may vary from 1/1 to about 1/4. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the ammoxidation reaction is conducted using a gas phase in which the molar ratio alcohol of formula (II) / ammonia is equal to about 1/3.
  • the molar alcohol ratio of formula (II) / oxygen may vary from 1 / 1.5 to about 1/5.
  • the ammoxidation reaction is conducted using a gas phase in which the molar ratio alcohol of formula (II) / oxygen is equal to about 1 / 3.5.
  • the ammoxidation reaction is conducted using a gas phase in which the molar ratio alcohol of formula (II) / oxygen / ammonia is about 1 / 3.5 / 3.
  • the catalyst of formula (I) can be supported by a porous solid support.
  • the porous solid support may be chosen from silica-based supports, in particular in the form of silica gel (CARiACT® type), of mesostructured silica (for example silica mesostructured type SBA-15), as well as among supports based on mixed silica oxides such as for example SiO 2 -TiO 2 , SiO 2 -ZrO 2 ; and supports made of silicon carbide (SiC), etc.
  • Such a porous solid support preferably has a mean porosity of between 0.1 cm 3 / g and 2.0 cm 3 / g inclusive, and even more preferentially between 0.5 cm 3 / g and 1.5 cm 3 / g inclusive.
  • the separation of the coproducts from the reaction can be carried out by any appropriate techniques known to those skilled in the art, for example by distillation.
  • the present invention is illustrated by the following exemplary embodiments, to which it is however not limited.
  • the value of y for each of these catalysts is determined by the respect of the electro-neutrality and / or the valences of the elements. It has not been measured experimentally.
  • the synthesis of acrylonitrile was carried out in the gas phase in a fixed-bed tubular reactor with a diameter of 15 mm and a length of 120 mm.
  • the temperature of the reactor was precisely regulated and controlled by a thermocouple.
  • a 0.05M solution was prepared by dissolving 2.21 g of oxalic acid in 500 mL of water at 80 ° C with stirring. After dissolution was complete, 140.97 g of non-hydrated iron nitrate was added to the oxalic acid solution maintaining the temperature at 80 ° C. After complete dissolution of iron nitrate non-hydrated, 30.51 g of antimony (III) oxide was added. The resulting solution was evaporated maintaining the temperature at 80 ° C with stirring until a viscous solution was obtained which was then oven-dried at 120 ° C for 72 hours. After drying, the product obtained was pressed into pellets which were then milled to obtain a powder product composed of particles having a size of between 250 and 630 ⁇ m.
  • a catalyst of formula (I) in which x 1.0 was prepared according to a procedure identical to that of Example 1 above but using 2.21 g of oxalic acid, 22.2 g of nitrate of non-hydrated iron and 8.0 g of antimony (III) oxide.
  • the products resulting from the reaction were analyzed after trapping at the reactor outlet in a bubbler maintained at low temperature (-4 ° C.). The resulting liquid was then analyzed on a gas chromatograph equipped with a flame ionization detector.
  • the ammoxidation reaction of the allyl alcohol was carried out according to the method detailed in Example 5 above under operating conditions allowing the total conversion of the allyl alcohol, using the catalyst prepared according to the invention.
  • Example 1 at a temperature of 400 or 450 ° C, and using different molar ratios of allyl alcohol / NH 3 .
  • the reaction time was 5 hours.
  • Example 5 the products resulting from the reaction were analyzed after trapping at the reactor outlet in a bubbler maintained at low temperature (-4 ° C.). The resulting liquid is then analyzed on gas chromatography equipped with a flame ionization detector.
  • Test 8 carried out at 450 ° C. with a contact time of 0.1 s and a molar ratio of allylic alcohol. / NH 3 of 1/3. An 83% yield of acrylonitrile with a total conversion of allyl alcohol is then obtained.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Verwendung einer Verbindung mit der folgenden Formel (I):

            SbxFe1Oy     (I)

    wobei x von 0,4 bis einschließlich 1 variiert und y von 1,6 bis einschließlich 4 variiert, als Katalysator, um die Ammonoxidationsreaktion eines Alkohols mit der folgenden Formel (II) zu katalysieren: CH2=C(R1)-CH2-OH (II), wobei R1 ein Wasserstoffatom oder ein Methylradikal in einem Nitril der folgenden Formel darstellt: CH2=C(R1)-C≡C (III), wobei R1 die gleiche Bedeutung wie in der Formel (II) unten aufweist, wobei die Reaktion in der Gasphase durchgeführt wird, wobei die Gasphase mindestens Sauerstoff und Ammoniak umfasst.
  2. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Nitrils ausgehend von einem Alkohol in Anwesenheit eines Katalysators, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es einen Schritt des Ammoxidierens eines Alkohols mit der folgenden Formel (II) umfasst:

            CH2=C(R1)-CH2-OH     (II)

    wobei R1 ein Wasserstoffatom oder ein Methylradikal umfasst, um zu einem Nitril der folgenden Formel (III) zu gelangen:

            CH2=C(R1)-C≡N     (III);

    wobei R1 die gleiche Bedeutung wie in der Formel (II) unten aufweist,
    wobei die Reaktion in der Gasphase durchgeführt wird, wobei die Gasphase mindestens Ammoniak und Sauerstoff umfasst, und in Anwesenheit eines festen Katalysators, ausgewählt aus den Verbindungen mit der folgenden Formel (I):

            SbxFe1Oy     (I)

    wobei x von 0,4 bis einschließlich 1 variiert und y von 1,6 bis einschließlich 4 variiert.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass R1 ein Wasserstoffatom darstellt und dadurch, dass es einen Schritt des Ammoxydierens des Allylalkohols zu Acrylonitril umfasst.
  4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Katalysator ausgewählt ist aus den Verbindungen, in denen x von 0,5 bis einschließlich 0,8 variiert.
  5. Verfahren nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 2 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verbindung der Formel (I) ausgewählt ist aus den Verbindungen, in denen x = 0,6.
  6. Verfahren nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 2 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ammoxidationsreaktion bei einer Temperatur durchgeführt wird, die von 350 bis 450 °C variiert.
  7. Verfahren nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 2 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verhältnis zwischen dem Katalysatorvolumen und dem gesamten Volumendurchsatz von Gas, das in den Reaktor injiziert ist, berechnet bei der Temperatur und bei dem Druck der Reaktion, von 0,05 bis 2s variiert.
  8. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche 2 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass innerhalb der Gasphase das Molverhältnis Alkohol mit der Formel (II)/Ammoniak von 1/1 bis 1/4 variiert.
  9. Verfahren nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 2 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass innerhalb der Gasphase das Molverhältnis Alkohol mit der Formel (II)/Sauerstoff von 1/1,5 bis 1/5 variiert.
  10. Verfahren nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 2 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Amoxidationsreaktion unter Verwendung einer Gasphase durchgeführt wird, in der das Molverhältnis Alkohol mit der Formel (II)/Sauerstoff 1/3, 5/3 ist.
  11. Verfahren nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 2 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Katalysator mit der Formel (I) durch einen festen porösen Träger getragen wird.
EP14725224.1A 2013-04-17 2014-04-16 Verfahren zur herstellung von nitrilen unter verwendung eines katalysators aus antimon und eisen Active EP2986591B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1353478A FR3004713B1 (fr) 2013-04-17 2013-04-17 Procede de production de nitriles mettant en oeuvre un catalyseur a base d'antimoine et de fer.
PCT/FR2014/050924 WO2014170604A1 (fr) 2013-04-17 2014-04-16 Procede de production de nitriles mettant en œuvre un catalyseur a base d'antimoine et de fer

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2986591A1 EP2986591A1 (de) 2016-02-24
EP2986591B1 true EP2986591B1 (de) 2017-04-05

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EP14725224.1A Active EP2986591B1 (de) 2013-04-17 2014-04-16 Verfahren zur herstellung von nitrilen unter verwendung eines katalysators aus antimon und eisen

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US (1) US9676705B2 (de)
EP (1) EP2986591B1 (de)
JP (1) JP6382942B2 (de)
CN (1) CN105308019B (de)
FR (1) FR3004713B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2014170604A1 (de)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3608305A1 (de) 2018-08-10 2020-02-12 Röhm GmbH Verfahren zur herstellung von methacrylsäure oder methacrylsäureestern
WO2020048852A1 (en) * 2018-09-07 2020-03-12 Basf Se Process for the preparation of alpha, beta unsaturated aldehydes by oxidation of alcohols in the presence of a liquid phase
CN113828337B (zh) * 2020-06-24 2024-02-02 中国石油化工股份有限公司 丙烯氨氧化制丙烯腈催化剂及其制备方法和应用
CN113559904B (zh) * 2021-07-16 2024-04-02 南京理工大学 氮碳材料锚定的铁单原子催化剂在催化醇的氨氧化制腈反应中的应用

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GB709337A (en) 1950-12-30 1954-05-19 Distillers Co Yeast Ltd Manufacture of nitriles
BE633452A (de) * 1962-06-11
JPS5846054A (ja) * 1981-09-11 1983-03-17 Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd メタクリロニトリルを製造する方法
GB2302291B (en) * 1995-06-15 1999-07-07 Basf Plc Ammoxidation of propane and preparation of catalyst therefor
US6458742B1 (en) * 2000-08-17 2002-10-01 The Standard Oil Company Catalyst for the manufacture of acrylonitrile
WO2008092115A1 (en) 2007-01-26 2008-07-31 The Regents Of The University Of California Conversion of glycerol from biodiesel production to allyl alcohol
ES2319949B1 (es) * 2007-11-13 2010-03-17 Consejo Superior De Investigaciones Cientificas Proceso catalitico de produccion de nitrilos a partir de alcoholes.
JP5011176B2 (ja) * 2008-03-14 2012-08-29 ダイヤニトリックス株式会社 アクリロニトリル合成用触媒およびアクリロニトリルの製造方法
RU2495720C2 (ru) * 2008-08-01 2013-10-20 ИНЕОС ЮЭсЭй ЭлЭлСи Способ приготовления смешанных металлоксидных катализаторов окислительного аммонолиза и/или окисления низших алканов
US8357621B2 (en) 2009-06-29 2013-01-22 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Soil resist method
CN102010350B (zh) * 2009-09-07 2013-12-18 中国石油化工集团公司 增加丙烯腈或甲基丙烯腈生产能力的方法

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US9676705B2 (en) 2017-06-13
US20160023995A1 (en) 2016-01-28
FR3004713B1 (fr) 2015-05-15
FR3004713A1 (fr) 2014-10-24
CN105308019B (zh) 2018-02-06
JP6382942B2 (ja) 2018-08-29
WO2014170604A1 (fr) 2014-10-23
JP2016516803A (ja) 2016-06-09
CN105308019A (zh) 2016-02-03
EP2986591A1 (de) 2016-02-24

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