Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
  • F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
  • F17C3/025—Bulk storage in barges or on ships
  • F17C3/027—Wallpanels for so-called membrane tanks
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
  • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
  • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
  • B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
  • B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
  • B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
  • B63B25/16—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed heat-insulated
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
  • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
  • B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
  • B63B27/24—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers of pipe-lines
  • B63B27/25—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers of pipe-lines for fluidised bulk material
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
  • F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
  • F17C3/04—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation by insulating layers
  • F17C3/06—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation by insulating layers on the inner surface, i.e. in contact with the stored fluid
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
  • F17C2201/01—Shape
  • F17C2201/0147—Shape complex
  • F17C2201/0157—Polygonal
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
  • F17C2201/05—Size
  • F17C2201/052—Size large (>1000 m3)
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
  • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
  • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
  • F17C2203/0329—Foam
  • F17C2203/0333—Polyurethane
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
  • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
  • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
  • F17C2203/0354—Wood
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
  • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
  • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
  • F17C2203/0358—Thermal insulations by solid means in form of panels
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
  • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
  • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
  • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
  • F17C2203/0626—Multiple walls
  • F17C2203/0631—Three or more walls
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
  • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
  • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
  • F17C2203/0636—Metals
  • F17C2203/0639—Steels
  • F17C2203/0643—Stainless steels
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
  • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
  • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
  • F17C2203/0636—Metals
  • F17C2203/0646—Aluminium
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
  • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
  • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
  • F17C2203/0636—Metals
  • F17C2203/0648—Alloys or compositions of metals
  • F17C2203/0651—Invar
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
  • F17C2209/22—Assembling processes
  • F17C2209/221—Welding
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
  • F17C2209/22—Assembling processes
  • F17C2209/227—Assembling processes by adhesive means
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
  • F17C2209/22—Assembling processes
  • F17C2209/228—Assembling processes by screws, bolts or rivets
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
  • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
  • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
  • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
  • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
  • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
  • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
  • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
  • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
  • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
  • F17C2260/01—Improving mechanical properties or manufacturing
  • F17C2260/013—Reducing manufacturing time or effort
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2270/00—Applications
  • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
  • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
  • F17C2270/0105—Ships
  • F17C2270/0107—Wall panels

Definitions

• Watertight and thermally insulating tank for storing a fluid
• the invention relates to the field of tanks, sealed and thermally insulating, membranes for storing and / or transporting fluid, such as a cryogenic fluid.
• LNG liquefied natural gas
• these tanks can be installed on the ground or on a floating structure. In the case of a floating structure, the tank may be intended for the transport of liquefied natural gas or to receive liquefied natural gas used as fuel for the propulsion of the floating structure.
• the document FR 2 691 520 describes a sealed and thermally insulating tank having successively, in the direction of the thickness, from the inside towards the outside of the tank, a primary sealing membrane, in contact with the fluid contained in the tank, a primary thermally insulating barrier, a secondary waterproofing membrane, a secondary thermally insulating barrier and a supporting structure made of metal sheets forming the hull or the double hull of a merchant ship, such as a LNG carrier.
• the corner areas of the tank are made from a pre-assembled dihedral corner structure, illustrated in Figure 3 of FR 2 691 520.
• Such a pre-assembled angle structure comprises two beveled insulating plates, connected by means of a corner connection and forming the secondary insulation barrier, a flexible membrane resting on the insulating plates of the secondary insulation barrier and constituting the secondary sealing barrier, and two other beveled insulating plates, connected by means of a corner connection and forming the primary insulation barrier.
• Such an angle structure is advantageous in that it allows a pre-assembly in the workshop of corner structures.
• these angle structures are heavy and bulky which makes their transport and handling difficult. They are, moreover, relatively complex to manufacture.
• An idea underlying the invention is to provide a sealed and thermally insulating vessel in which the angle structure is particularly simple to achieve.
• the invention provides a sealed and thermally insulating tank for storing a fluid, said sealed tank comprising an external supporting structure, a thermal insulation barrier retained on the supporting structure and a sealing membrane comprising corrugations extending in two perpendicular directions and supported by the thermal insulation barrier, the thermal insulation barrier having a corner structure disposed at an intersection between a first and a second wall of the supporting structure, said structure of angle comprising first and second heat-insulating panels each having an outer face disposed opposite the supporting structure, an inner face provided with an anchoring member of the sealing membrane and lateral edges, the first panel having an outer surface resting against the first wall of the supporting structure and a lateral edge resting against the second wall of the carrier structure and the second panel having an outer face resting against the second wall of the carrier structure and a side edge resting against the inner face of the first panel.
• the corner structure of the thermal insulation barrier comprises two easily transportable panels.
• the manufacture of such an angle structure is simplified.
• such a sealed and thermally insulating tank may comprise one or more of the following characteristics.
• the first and second panels each comprise an inner plywood plate and an outer plywood plate defining respectively the inner face and the outer face of said first and second panels and an insulating polymeric foam layer sandwiched between said inner and outer plywood plates; . the side edge of the first panel resting against the second wall is provided with a plywood plate.
• the outer face of the first panel resting against the first wall, the lateral edge of the first panel resting against the second wall and the outer face of the second panel resting against the second wall are glued to the supporting structure.
• the first and second panels each comprise, on their inner face, an anchoring member of the sealing membrane comprising a metallic connecting strip extending along an axis, parallel to the intersection between the first and second walls; said sealing membrane having metal plates extending on either side of said corner structure and an angle extending between a metal bonding strip of the first panel and a metal bonding strip of the second panel, the metal plates having edges welded to the metal bonding strips or the angle, said bracket having edges welded to the edges of the metal plates welded to said metal bonding strips or metal bonding strips.
• a metal bonding strip is retained in a recess formed on the inner face of the first or second panel and mounted in said recess with a sliding clearance in a direction transverse to the direction of said metal bonding strip so as to allow a movement of the metal bonding strip, respectively in the plane of the first or the second panel.
• the thermal insulation barrier is a secondary thermal insulation barrier and the waterproofing membrane is a secondary waterproofing membrane, the tank further comprising a primary thermal insulation barrier and a primary waterproofing membrane.
• first and second panels are provided with studs for securing the primary thermal insulation barrier, projecting inwardly from the inner face of said first and second panels.
• the fixing studs of the primary thermal insulation barrier extend in the axis of one of the metal bonding strips and the edges of the metal plates welded to the metal bonding strips and / or the angle and the edges of the the angle welded to the metal binding strips and / or at the edges metal plates welded to said metal bonding strips are provided with cutouts for the passage of the fastening studs of the primary thermal insulation barrier.
• the primary thermal insulation barrier comprises, at the intersection between the first and the second walls of the supporting structure, an angle structure comprising a first and a second primary thermal insulation panel each having an outer face arranged in a screw with respect to the secondary sealing membrane, an inner face provided with an anchoring member of the primary sealing membrane and lateral edges, the first primary thermal insulation panel having a lateral edge resting against the secondary waterproofing membrane and the second primary thermal insulation panel having a lateral edge resting against the inner face of the first primary thermal insulation panel,
• the angle formed between the first and the second wall is 90 °.
• the first wall is a horizontal wall and the second wall is a vertical wall.
• Such a tank can be part of a land storage facility, for example to store LNG or be installed in a floating structure, coastal or deep water, including a LNG tank, a floating storage and regasification unit (FSRU) , a floating production and remote storage unit (FPSO) and others.
• FSRU floating storage and regasification unit
• FPSO floating production and remote storage unit
• a vessel for the transport of a fluid comprises a double hull and a said tank, in which the double hull forms the external bearing structure of the tank.
• the invention also provides a method for loading or unloading such a vessel, in which a fluid is conveyed through isolated pipes from or to a floating or land storage facility to or from the tank of the vessel. ship.
• the invention also provides a transfer system for a fluid, the system comprising the abovementioned vessel, insulated pipes arranged to connect the vessel installed in the hull of the vessel to a floating or ground storage facility. and a pump to drive a fluid flow through the isolated pipelines from or to the floating or land storage facility to or from the vessel vessel.
• Figure 1 is a sectional view of a sealed and thermally insulating tank having two sealing membranes and two thermal insulation barriers, at a corner area.
• Figure 2 is a sectional view illustrating a secondary thermal insulation barrier at a corner area.
• FIG. 3 is a detailed view of zone III of FIG.
• FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a secondary thermal insulation barrier angle structure and an angle bracket to be fitted against said corner structure.
• Figure 5 is a perspective view, partially broken away of a secondary sealing barrier and a secondary thermal insulation barrier.
• FIGS. 6a, 6b and 6c are respectively detailed views of the Via, Vlb and Vie zones of FIG. 5.
• FIG. 7 is a perspective view, partly broken away, of a tank having a primary waterproofing membrane, a primary thermal insulation barrier, a secondary waterproofing membrane and a secondary thermal insulation barrier.
• Figure 8a, 8b and 8c are respectively detailed views of the Villa, Vlllb and City areas of Figure 7.
• FIG. 9 is a cutaway schematic representation of a vessel of a LNG carrier and a loading / unloading terminal of this vessel. Detailed description of embodiments
• FIG. 1 there is shown a sealed and thermally insulating vessel structure having, from the outside to the inside of the vessel, a carrier structure 1, a secondary heat-insulating barrier 2, a secondary sealing membrane 3, a primary thermally insulating barrier 4 and a primary sealing membrane 5 intended to be in contact with the cryogenic fluid contained in the tank.
• the supporting structure 1 can in particular be a self-supporting metal sheet or more generally any type of rigid partition having suitable mechanical properties.
• the supporting structure 1 may in particular be formed by the hull or the double hull of a ship.
• the supporting structure 1 comprises a plurality of walls defining the general shape of the tank.
• the carrier structure 1 comprises a first wall 6 forming the bottom of the tank and a second wall 7 forming a vertical wall of the vessel.
• the secondary thermal insulation barrier 2 comprises a plurality of insulation blocks 8, 9 disposed on the surface of the walls 6, 7 of the supporting structure 1 and anchored on said supporting structure 1 by means of resin strands, not illustrated, and / or welded studs on the carrier structure 1, not shown.
• the insulation blocks 8, 9 comprise a layer of insulating polymer foam 10 sandwiched between an internal rigid plate 11 and an external rigid plate 12.
• the internal rigid plates 1 1 and outer 12 are, for example, plywood boards glued to said foam layer 10.
• the insulating polymer foam may in particular be a polyurethane foam, possibly high density and optionally reinforced with glass fibers.
• the insulation blocks 8, 9 are hatched in the perspective view of FIG. 5.
• the insulation blocks 8, 9 have a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape.
• the insulation blocks 8, 9 have, according to their two axes of symmetry, a metal connecting strip 14, which is placed in a recess and is fixed by screws, rivets, staples or glue. In the crossing zone of the metal connecting strips 14, a stud 15 protruding inwards and allowing the fixing of the primary thermal insulation barrier 4 has been formed.
• the secondary sealing membrane 3 is obtained by assembling a plurality of metal plates 16a, 16b welded edge to edge and having a substantially rectangular shape. Outside the corner zone, the metal plates 16a comprise, in each of the two axes of symmetry of this rectangle, a corrugation 17 forming a relief in the direction of the supporting structure 1.
• the metal plates 16a are here arranged in a staggered manner. relative to the insulation blocks 8, 9 such that each of said metal plates 16a straddles four adjacent insulation blocks 8, 9.
• the corrugations 17 form a relief in the direction of the supporting structure 1 and are housed in gaps of the secondary thermal insulation barrier 2 formed between two adjacent insulation blocks 8, 9.
• the adjacent metal plates 16a are welded together.
• the maintenance of metal plates 16a on the insulating blocks 8, 9 is achieved by means of metal bonding strips 14 on which at least two edges of said metal plates 16a are welded.
• the secondary waterproofing membrane 3 comprises metal plates 16b ensuring the junction of the secondary waterproofing membrane 3 to the corner structure and whose width may be different from that of the other metal plates 16a so to adapt to the dimensions of the corner structure.
• the metal plates 16b are also provided with two perpendicular corrugations 17 forming a relief in the direction of the supporting structure 1 and extending respectively in a gap 13 between the insulation blocks 8, 9 and panels 18, 19 forming the structure. angle of the secondary thermal insulation barrier 2 and in a gap between two adjacent insulation blocks 8, 9.
• the metal plates 16a, 16b of the secondary sealing membrane 3 are, for example, made of Invar ®: an alloy of iron and nickel whose expansion coefficient is typically between 1, 5.10 "6 and 2.10 " 6 K "1 .
• the angle structure of the secondary thermal insulation barrier 2 is observed.
• Said angle structure comprises horizontal and vertical heat-insulating panels 18, 19 of rectangular parallelepipedal shape.
• the panels 18, 19 of the corner structure comprise an insulating polymer foam layer sandwiched between two rigid inner and outer plywood plates, for example, glued together. on said foam layer.
• a horizontal panel 18 is positioned horizontally against the supporting structure 1 so that its outer face rests against the first wall 6 and one of its lateral edges 20 rests against the second wall 7.
• the angle formed between the outer face of a horizontal panel 18 and its side edge 20 is equal to the angle formed at the intersection between the walls 6, 7, or 90 ° in the embodiment shown.
• a horizontal panel 18 is fixed to the supporting structure 1, for example by gluing the outer face of said panel 18 and, optionally, its lateral edge 20 respectively against the horizontal wall 6 and the vertical wall 7.
• the side edge 20 of a horizontal panel 18 resting against the vertical wall 7 is provided with a plywood plate.
• a plywood plate makes it easier to place the panel 18 and / or improves the effectiveness of the bonding of the lateral edge 20 of the panel 18 against the vertical wall 7 of the supporting structure 1 when said lateral edge 20 is glued to the supporting structure 1.
• a vertical panel 19 is positioned against the carrier structure 1 so that its outer face rests against the wall 7 and its lower side edge 21 rests against the inner face of the vertical panel 18.
• the angle formed between the lower side edge 21 of the vertical panel 19 and its outer face is, therefore, equal to the angle formed between the wall 7 of the carrier structure 1 and the inner face of the first panel 18, or 90 ° in the embodiment shown .
• the second panel 19 is fixed to the supporting structure 1 by bonding its outer face against the wall 7.
• the panels 18 and 19 have on their inner face metal connecting strips 22. These metal connecting strips 22 extend along an axis parallel to the edge formed at the intersection between the walls 6, 7. metal connecting strips 22 are used for anchoring the metal plates 16b ensuring the junction of the secondary sealing membrane 3 to the corner structure.
• the metal connecting strips 22 are retained in a recess 27, illustrated in FIG. 3, which is formed in the internal rigid plate of the panels 18, 19. According to one embodiment, the metal connecting strips 22 are fixed on the inner rigid plate of the panels 18, 19 by means of fasteners, not shown, passing through orifices in the metal connecting strips 22.
• the fastening members are for example rivets or screws .
• the metal connecting strips 22 are mounted with a sliding clearance j in a direction transverse to the direction of said metal connecting strips 22.
• the sliding clearance j illustrated in FIG. 3, is of order of 5mm.
• Such a sliding clearance allows a movement of the metal connecting strip 22 in the plane of the panel 18, 19, in the direction opposite to the supporting structure 1, during the cold setting of the tank, under the effect of thermal contractions of the secondary sealing membrane 3.
• the sliding clearance of the metal bonding strips 22 makes it possible to limit the stresses resulting from the thermal contraction.
• the orifices formed in the metal connecting strips 22 for the passage of the fasteners have an oblong shape whose greatest length extends in a direction transverse to the direction of the metal bonding strips 22 so to allow sliding in the aforementioned direction.
• the metal plates 16b On both sides of the corner structure, the metal plates 16b, at the edge of the wall, have edges which are welded along the said metal connecting strips 22, the other edges of the said metal plates 16b being welded with overlap with the edges of the adjacent metal plates 16a, 16b.
• an angle iron 23 having an L-shaped section comprising two perpendicular flanges, extends between a metal bonding strip 22 fixed to the internal face of a horizontal panel 18 and a metal bonding strip 22 fixed to the internal face. of a vertical panel 19 so as to seal the secondary sealing membrane 3 at the corner area.
• the angle 23 is, for example, made in Invar ®.
• the angle 23 is welded by overlap on the edges of the metal plates 16b which are welded to the metal bonding strips 22.
• the panels 18, 19 furthermore comprise studs 24 projecting towards the inside of the tank and making it possible to fix the primary thermal insulation barrier 4 on the secondary thermal insulation barrier 2.
• the base of the studs is welded on metal plates 25, fixed to said panels 18, 19, by screws, rivets, staples or glue.
• metal bonding strips 22 are formed of discontinuous juxtaposed segments and the metal plates 25 supporting the studs 24 are arranged in the axis of said metal bonding strips 22 between two of their adjacent segments.
• the edges of the angle 23 and the edges of the metal plates 16b are provided with cutouts 26 allowing the passage
• the angle 23 and the metal plates 16b are, at the level of said cutouts 26, welded to the metal plates 25.
• the panels 18 and 19 have a length I and a thickness e identical while the width L1 of the vertical panel 18 is greater than the width L2 of the horizontal panel 19.
• the width L1 of the horizontal panel 18 is equal to the sum of the width L2 of the vertical panel 19 and the thickness e of said panels 18, 19.
• a plurality of horizontal panels 18 and vertical panels 19 can be arranged along the intersection between the first and the second wall 6, 7.
• a gap 28 is formed between the vertical panels 18 and adjacent horizontal 19 and a metal joining piece, not shown, provides sealing between two brackets 23 adjacent.
• a metal joining piece has substantially an L shape and comprises a corrugation extending along the gap 28, in the extension of a corrugation of the adjacent metal plates 16b and projecting inside said gap 28
• Said connecting piece is welded at the two ends of the corrugation to the edges of the metal plates 16b and have, on either side of said corrugation, flat edges allowing welding of said metal joining piece on the angles 23 adjacent.
• FIGS. 7, 8a, 8b and 8c illustrate more particularly the arrangement of the primary thermal insulation barrier 4 and the primary waterproofing membrane 5.
• the primary thermal insulation barrier 4 comprises a plurality of heat-insulating panels 29a, 29b, 29c of substantially rectangular parallelepipedal shape covering the secondary sealing membrane 3.
• the heat-insulating panels 29a, 29b, 29c comprise a layer of insulating polymer foam taken into consideration. sandwich between two rigid inner and outer plates, of plywood for example, glued on said layer of foam.
• heat-insulating panels 29a, 29b, 29c of the primary thermal insulation barrier 4 also have on their inner face metal bonding strips 33 for anchoring, by welding, the primary sealing barrier 5.
• the primary waterproofing membrane 5 is obtained by assembling a plurality of metal plates 34, welded to each other along their edges.
• the metal plates 34 comprise two series of corrugations extending in perpendicular directions.
• the corrugations of the primary waterproofing membrane 5 protrude from the side of the inner face of the metal plates 34.
• the metal plates 34 are, for example, made of stainless steel sheet or aluminum, shaped by folding or by stamping.
• the metal plates 34 are offset from the heat-insulating panels 29a, 29b, 29c, each of said metal plates extending over four adjacent heat-insulating panels 29a, 29b, 29c.
• a horizontal panel 29a has an outer face resting against the secondary sealing membrane 3 and a lateral edge 35 resting against the vertical flange of the angle plate 23.
• a vertical panel 29b has an outer face resting against the secondary sealing membrane 3 while a 36 of its lateral edges rests against the inner surface of the horizontal panel 29a.
• FIGS. 8a and 8b The fixing of the panels 29a, 29b to the studs 24 fixed to the secondary thermal insulation membrane 2 is shown in FIGS. 8a and 8b.
• the vertical panels 29a and horizontal 29b have at their corners, a recess of the insulating foam and the inner rigid plate relative to the outer rigid plate.
• the outer rigid plate furthermore has a cutout allowing the stud 24 to pass therethrough.
• a nut, not shown, mounted on the threaded stud 24 is able to retain the rigid plate external to the secondary thermal insulation barrier 2.
• the vertical panels 29a and horizontal panels 29b have orifices 39 allowing the passage of studs 24.
• the orifice 39 has a shoulder, not shown, serving to support a nut screwed onto a threaded stud 24, introduced through the orifice 39.
• a nut screwed on the stud bolt 24 abuts against said shoulder so as to ensure a fixing of the panels 29a, 29b.
• the primary waterproofing membrane 5 comprises at the level of the corner zone a corrugated metal angle 37, illustrated in FIG. 9c.
• the corrugated angle 37 has corrugations 38, orthogonal to the walls 6, 7 extending in the extension of one of the series of corrugations of the metal plates 34.
• the edges of the corrugated angle 37 are welded overlap with the adjacent edges metal plates 34 and with the edges of corrugated brackets 37 adjacent. At least two of the edges of the corrugated angle are anchored on metal connecting strips 33 of the panels 29a, 29b.
• a cutaway view of a LNG tank 70 shows a sealed and insulated tank 71 of generally prismatic shape mounted in the double hull 72 of the ship.
• the wall of the tank 71 has a sealed barrier primary material intended to be in contact with the LNG contained in the tank, a secondary watertight barrier arranged between the primary waterproof barrier and the double hull 72 of the ship, and two insulating barriers arranged respectively between the primary watertight barrier and the secondary watertight barrier and between the secondary watertight barrier and the double hull 72.
• loading / unloading lines 73 arranged on the upper deck of the ship can be connected, by means of appropriate connectors, to a marine or port terminal to transfer a cargo of LNG from or to the tank 71.
• FIG. 9 represents an example of a marine terminal comprising a loading and unloading station 75, an underwater pipe 76 and an onshore installation 77.
• the loading and unloading station 75 is a fixed off-shore installation comprising an arm mobile 74 and a tower 78 which supports the movable arm 74.
• the movable arm 74 carries a bundle of insulated flexible pipes 79 that can connect to the loading / unloading pipes 73.
• the movable arm 74 can be adapted to all gauges of LNG carriers .
• a connection pipe (not shown) extends inside the tower 78.
• the loading and unloading station 75 enables the loading and unloading of the LNG tank 70 from or to the shore facility 77.
• the underwater line 76 allows the transfer of the liquefied gas between the loading or unloading station 75 and the onshore installation 77 over a large distance, for example 5 km, which makes it possible to keep the tanker vessel 70 at great distance from the coast during the loading and unloading operations.
• pumps on board the ship 70 and / or pumps equipping the shore installation 77 and / or pumps equipping the loading and unloading station 75 are used.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
• Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

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• 2013
  • 2013-04-12 FR FR1353324A patent/FR3004510B1/fr active Active
• 2014
  • 2014-04-03 SG SG11201508341QA patent/SG11201508341QA/en unknown
  • 2014-04-03 AU AU2014252958A patent/AU2014252958B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 2014-04-03 JP JP2016507029A patent/JP6224222B2/ja active Active
  • 2014-04-03 EP EP14721452.2A patent/EP2984383B1/de active Active
  • 2014-04-03 CN CN201480020754.1A patent/CN105283705B/zh active Active
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  • 2014-04-03 ES ES14721452.2T patent/ES2629730T3/es active Active
  • 2014-04-03 WO PCT/FR2014/050792 patent/WO2014167213A2/fr active Application Filing
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