EP2980229A1 - Vorrichtung zur thermischen behandlung von metallen, insbesondere zum härten und vergüten von stahl - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zur thermischen behandlung von metallen, insbesondere zum härten und vergüten von stahl Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2980229A1
EP2980229A1 EP15166957.9A EP15166957A EP2980229A1 EP 2980229 A1 EP2980229 A1 EP 2980229A1 EP 15166957 A EP15166957 A EP 15166957A EP 2980229 A1 EP2980229 A1 EP 2980229A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
supporting elements
reheating furnace
thermal treatment
subjected
carriage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP15166957.9A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2980229B1 (de
Inventor
Claudio Colombi
Giovanni Longaretti
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gf-Elti Srl
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Elti Srl
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Publication of EP2980229A1 publication Critical patent/EP2980229A1/de
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/06—Charging or discharging machines on travelling carriages
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/62—Quenching devices
    • C21D1/63—Quenching devices for bath quenching
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0062—Heat-treating apparatus with a cooling or quenching zone
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B17/00—Furnaces of a kind not covered by any preceding group
    • F27B17/0016—Chamber type furnaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/12—Travelling or movable supports or containers for the charge

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for thermal treatments of metals, particularly for hardening and tempering steel.
  • thermal treatments of metals are based on heatings and coolings at preset temperatures and for preset times so as to improve specific characteristics of the metals subjected to the treatment by way of a modification of their internal structure.
  • the thermal treatment for hardening steel is based on a step of heating the steel to temperatures that for some types of steel can be even higher than 1000°C, followed by a step of fast cooling by immersion, usually in water or in other cooling liquids.
  • the hardening and tempering treatment consists instead of a hardening treatment followed by a tempering step constituted by heating to a temperature usually comprised between 550°C and 650°C, followed by slow cooling in air or in a furnace.
  • the pieces are generally arranged, by means of bridge crane equipment, on supporting platforms covered suitably with refractory material, which are inserted in the reheating furnace. After heating, the material subjected to thermal treatment is removed, again by means of bridge crane equipment, from the platform used previously and loaded onto a second platform intended to be immersed in a tank that contains a cooling liquid by means of which the material subjected to thermal treatment is cooled.
  • the material subjected to treatment once removed from the tank, must be transferred again onto the platform or carriage to be inserted in the furnace.
  • German Patent DE-102004060354 B4 in which the reheating furnace is provided in two halves that face each other at a vertical central plane and can move toward and away from each other.
  • This apparatus uses a movable carriage provided with supporting elements that define a substantially horizontal resting surface for the material subjected to thermal treatment.
  • the reheating furnace is arranged above a tank that contains a cooling liquid and the carriage, when it is in the furnace, rests on a platform that can be lowered into the tank.
  • the two halves of the heating furnace can move toward each other in order to move the two halves of the hearth of the reheating furnace to close below the supporting elements and can move away from each other in order to allow the carriage, arranged on the platform, to descend into the cooling liquid contained in the underlying tank.
  • the apparatus disclosed in patent DE-102004060354 B4 allows to speed up the operations for moving the material subjected to thermal treatment and therefore to reduce the overall times required by the treatment.
  • such apparatus allows to reduce the time that elapses between the heating and the tank cooling of the material, allowing to perform particular thermal treatments that cannot be performed with apparatuses of the traditional type.
  • the aim of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for thermal treatments of metals, particularly for hardening and tempering steel, that can retain the advantages of the apparatus disclosed in patent DE-102004060354 B4 without complicating excessively the design and manufacture of the reheating furnace.
  • an object of the invention is to provide an apparatus that allows to speed up the operations for moving the material subjected to thermal treatment so as to reduce the minimum times required in order to pass from heating to cooling of the material subjected to thermal treatment, thus allowing to fully comply with the heating and cooling times even of the most critical thermal treatment cycles.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide an apparatus that allows to move the material subjected to thermal treatment in a highly automated manner.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide an apparatus that also allows to reduce the overall costs of the thermal treatments.
  • an apparatus for thermal treatments of metals, particularly for hardening and tempering steel comprising a reheating furnace and means for moving the material subjected to thermal treatment, characterized in that said means for moving the material subjected to thermal treatment comprise:
  • the apparatus generally designated by the reference numeral 1, comprises a reheating furnace 2 and means 3 for moving the material 4 subjected to thermal treatment.
  • the means 3 for moving the material 4 subjected to thermal treatment comprise a carriage 5 provided with first supporting elements 6 which define a substantially horizontal resting surface 7 for the material 4 subjected to thermal treatment.
  • the carriage 5 can be actuated to move the material 4 subjected to thermal treatment into and out of the heating furnace 2, as will become better apparent hereinafter.
  • the means 3 for moving the material subjected to thermal treatment also comprise second supporting elements 8, which can be inserted in the reheating furnace 2 below the resting surface 7 and are adapted to support the material 4 subjected to thermal treatment as a replacement of the first supporting elements 6.
  • the second supporting elements 8 are movable in order to perform the transition of the material 4 subjected to thermal treatment from the reheating furnace 2 to a tank 9 that contains a cooling liquid and vice versa.
  • first supporting elements 6 are mutually spaced along a first substantially horizontal direction 10 (at right angles to the surface of the sheet in the figures) and the second supporting elements 8 are also mutually spaced along the first direction 10 and can move along a second direction 11, which is substantially horizontal and perpendicular to the first direction 10, so that they can be inserted in the spaces or extracted from the spaces that exist between the first supporting elements 6.
  • the carriage 5 comprises a substantially horizontal bed 12 that is provided in a downward region with wheels 13 that can engage a pair of rails 14.
  • the first supporting elements 6 are arranged above the bed 12 and can be constituted by piers made of steel or refractory material that are arranged mutually side by side and spaced conveniently along the first direction 10.
  • the second supporting elements 8 are constituted by longitudinal members 15 arranged horizontally, which are arranged mutually side by side and are spaced conveniently along the first direction 10, so as to correspond to the spacing between the first supporting elements 6, so that each one can be inserted in the space between two adjacent piers 6.
  • the movement means 3 comprise means for lifting-lowering the second supporting elements 8 along a vertical direction 16 in order to disengage the material subjected to thermal treatment 4 from the first supporting elements 6.
  • the lifting-lowering means comprise beams 17, which are arranged vertically outside the reheating furnace 2 proximate to its side walls and can engage the longitudinal ends of the longitudinal members 15 that protrude laterally from the reheating furnace 2, on mutually opposite sides, even when the longitudinal elements 15 are inserted in the reheating furnace 2 between the first supporting elements 6.
  • the beams 17 are engaged with a supporting structure 21 that extends around and above the reheating furnace 2 and are provided with a set of sheaves or pinions engaged by cables or chains.
  • the cables or chains can be actuated to lift and lower the longitudinal members 15 during the various steps of the thermal treatment, as will be described in detail hereinafter.
  • the longitudinal members 15 are made of a material, for example commercially available special steel, that withstands the temperatures at which the heating of the material subjected to treatment in the reheating furnace 2 is performed, usually around 1,100°C. It should be noted that the longitudinal members 15, as better explained hereinafter, are inserted in the reheating furnace 2 after performing the heating of the material 4 subjected to thermal treatment and therefore remain exposed to these temperatures for a limited time.
  • the reheating furnace 2 is open in a downward region and can move from a working position, in which it rests with its base on the bed 12 of the carriage 5, to at least one open position, raised with respect to the working position, so as to allow the movement of the carriage 5 and/or the insertion, in the heating furnace 2, between the bed 12 and the resting surface 7, of the longitudinal members 15 of the second supporting elements 8 between the first supporting elements 6 or the extraction from the reheating furnace 2 of the longitudinal members 15 of the second supporting elements 8.
  • the reheating furnace 2 is provided, in a per se known manner, with a door 18, for example a sliding door suspended from a corresponding supporting structure 19, that can be opened to allow the insertion and extraction of the material 4 subjected to thermal treatment loaded onto the carriage 5.
  • the reheating furnace 2 is supported by the supporting structure 21 and the lifting and lowering of the reheating furnace 2 in order to pass from the working position to the at least one open position can be achieved by means of winches or other suitable lifting elements of a known type.
  • the extent of the lifting of the reheating furnace 2 must be sufficient to allow the insertion, within the reheating furnace 2, of the second supporting elements 8 between the first supporting elements 6 below the material 4 subjected to thermal treatment.
  • the reheating furnace 2 is arranged above the tank 9 so as to reduce as much as possible the time that elapses between the end of the heating performed in the reheating furnace 2 and the beginning of the cooling performed by means of the immersion of the material 4 subjected to thermal treatment in the cooling liquid contained in the tank 9.
  • the tank 9 can be made of steel or concrete and is arranged inside a below-grade compartment.
  • the tank 9 there are means for recirculating the cooling liquid so as to increase the effectiveness of the cooling.
  • These recirculation means can be constituted, for example, by impellers 20 that can be actuated on command.
  • the rails 14, which define the movement path for the carriage 5, are preferably arranged parallel to the first direction 10 at least proximate to the reheating furnace 2.
  • the movement of the carriage 5 along the rails 14 can be actuated in a per se known manner, for example by means of a rack-and-pinion system or pulled by means of cables or chains or also by means of direct motorization of the wheels 13.
  • At least the portions of the rails 14 that are arranged above the tank 9 can move on command mutually closer or away from each other so as to support the carriage in the reheating furnace 2 and not hinder the descent of the second supporting elements 8 into the tank 9.
  • the heating of the reheating furnace 2 can be performed by way of means of a known type, for example burners, and the inner walls of the reheating furnace 2 are conveniently lined with a layer of thermal insulation.
  • the material 4 subjected to thermal treatment is deposited on the piers 6 of the carriage 5, while said carriage is translated laterally to the reheating furnace 2, by means of equipment of a known type, constituted for example by bridge crane equipment.
  • the carriage 5 is moved along the rails 14 so as to center it in a downward region with respect to the reheating furnace 2.
  • the door 18 of the reheating furnace 2 is closed and the reheating furnace 2 is lowered so as to create a suitable seal between its base and the upper face of the bed 12 of the carriage 5, as shown in Figure 1 .
  • the reheating furnace 2 is thus started, for example by means of the ignition of the burners, so as to bring the material 4 subjected to thermal treatment to the required temperature for a preset time.
  • the reheating furnace 2 together with its door 18, is raised just enough to allow the insertion of the longitudinal members 15 between the piers 6 below the material 4 subjected to thermal treatment that rests thereon, as shown in Figure 2 .
  • the reheating furnace 2 is raised further and with it also the door 18 and the longitudinal members 15, as shown in Figure 3 .
  • the lifting of the longitudinal members 15 causes the lifting of the material that is disengaged from the piers 6. At this point the carriage 5 can be extracted from the reheating furnace 2, freeing the underlying region.
  • the immersion of the material 4 subjected to thermal treatment in the cooling liquid contained in the tank 9 can be performed very quickly, since it is aided by the force of gravity.
  • the longitudinal members 15 are raised again so as to extract the material 4 subjected to thermal treatment from the cooling liquid contained in the tank 9. If the thermal treatment to be performed is constituted by hardening alone, the material is rested again on the carriage 5, which is repositioned below the reheating furnace 2 after the longitudinal members 15 have been moved to a suitable height, in order to be moved to a loading and unloading region, where said material is unloaded by means of equipment of a known type, constituted for example by bridge crane equipment.
  • the thermal treatment is constituted by hardening and tempering
  • the reheating furnace 2 is lowered again, the door 18 is closed and a new cycle of heating the material is started at the end of which the material 4 subjected to thermal treatment is moved away by means of the movement of the carriage 5.
  • the apparatus according to the present invention achieves fully the intended aim and objects, since it allows to simplify and speed up the operations for moving the material subjected to thermal treatment, particularly as regards the passage of the material from the reheating furnace to the tank containing the cooling liquid, though allowing a relatively simple execution of the reheating furnace.
  • Another advantage of the apparatus according to the invention is that it can be highly automated, limiting the use of labor and reducing the risks of injury and/or accidents.
  • the reduced times required to pass the material subjected to thermal treatment from the reheating furnace to the tank containing the cooling liquid allow to comply fully with the times required by the most critical thermal treatments that require an extremely fast transition from the heating step to the cooling step.
  • the materials employed may be any according to requirements and to the state of the art.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
EP15166957.9A 2014-07-29 2015-05-08 Vorrichtung zur thermischen behandlung von metallen, insbesondere zum härten und vergüten von stahl Active EP2980229B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITMI20141365 2014-07-29

Publications (2)

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EP2980229A1 true EP2980229A1 (de) 2016-02-03
EP2980229B1 EP2980229B1 (de) 2020-07-22

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106868273A (zh) * 2017-02-27 2017-06-20 鞍钢集团工程技术有限公司 一种可移动式淬火冷却系统及淬火冷却方法
CN106929643B (zh) * 2017-02-27 2018-08-24 鞍钢集团工程技术有限公司 一种底部喷液破淬火水汽膜实验装置及方法
JP2020132961A (ja) * 2019-02-21 2020-08-31 Ｄｏｗａサーモテック株式会社 油焼入れ装置および熱処理設備
CN117535496A (zh) * 2023-11-14 2024-02-09 大冶市益强机械制造科技有限公司 一种模具钢预硬化热处理装置及方法

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3659831A (en) * 1969-08-25 1972-05-02 Pacific Scientific Co Integral quench furnace and transfer mechanism
US3684263A (en) * 1970-02-12 1972-08-15 Sola Basic Ind Inc Vacuum oil quench furnace
SU443923A1 (ru) * 1969-09-08 1974-09-25 Предприятие П/Я Г-4617 Установка дл термической обработки изделий
DE3315751A1 (de) * 1983-04-30 1984-10-31 Berg & Co Industrieanlagen GmbH, 5000 Köln Ofen zur waermebehandlung von drahtbunden
JPS6233716A (ja) * 1985-08-06 1987-02-13 Kurosaki Rokougiyou Kk 被熱物の出入装置
DE102004060354A1 (de) * 2004-12-15 2006-07-06 Gl 2006 Europe Ltd Anlage für Wärmebehandlungen von Metallen, insbesondere für das Härten und das Vergüten von Stahl
CN201476575U (zh) * 2009-07-29 2010-05-19 南京年达炉业科技有限公司 箱式加热炉转移料车

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3659831A (en) * 1969-08-25 1972-05-02 Pacific Scientific Co Integral quench furnace and transfer mechanism
SU443923A1 (ru) * 1969-09-08 1974-09-25 Предприятие П/Я Г-4617 Установка дл термической обработки изделий
US3684263A (en) * 1970-02-12 1972-08-15 Sola Basic Ind Inc Vacuum oil quench furnace
DE3315751A1 (de) * 1983-04-30 1984-10-31 Berg & Co Industrieanlagen GmbH, 5000 Köln Ofen zur waermebehandlung von drahtbunden
JPS6233716A (ja) * 1985-08-06 1987-02-13 Kurosaki Rokougiyou Kk 被熱物の出入装置
DE102004060354A1 (de) * 2004-12-15 2006-07-06 Gl 2006 Europe Ltd Anlage für Wärmebehandlungen von Metallen, insbesondere für das Härten und das Vergüten von Stahl
DE102004060354B4 (de) 2004-12-15 2008-08-21 Elti S.R.L. Anlage für Wärmebehandlungen von Metallen, insbesondere für das Härten und das Vergüten von Stahl
CN201476575U (zh) * 2009-07-29 2010-05-19 南京年达炉业科技有限公司 箱式加热炉转移料车

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106868273A (zh) * 2017-02-27 2017-06-20 鞍钢集团工程技术有限公司 一种可移动式淬火冷却系统及淬火冷却方法
CN106929643B (zh) * 2017-02-27 2018-08-24 鞍钢集团工程技术有限公司 一种底部喷液破淬火水汽膜实验装置及方法
JP2020132961A (ja) * 2019-02-21 2020-08-31 Ｄｏｗａサーモテック株式会社 油焼入れ装置および熱処理設備
CN117535496A (zh) * 2023-11-14 2024-02-09 大冶市益强机械制造科技有限公司 一种模具钢预硬化热处理装置及方法
CN117535496B (zh) * 2023-11-14 2024-04-19 大冶市益强机械制造科技有限公司 一种模具钢预硬化热处理装置及方法

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