EP2964356A1 - Colonne servant à mettre en uvre des processus de transfert de matière sous forme gazeuse/liquide - Google Patents

Colonne servant à mettre en uvre des processus de transfert de matière sous forme gazeuse/liquide

Info

Publication number
EP2964356A1
EP2964356A1 EP14708275.4A EP14708275A EP2964356A1 EP 2964356 A1 EP2964356 A1 EP 2964356A1 EP 14708275 A EP14708275 A EP 14708275A EP 2964356 A1 EP2964356 A1 EP 2964356A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rotatable
opening
fixed base
liquid
column
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP14708275.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Reiner GIESE
Egon SCHMIDT
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BASF SE
Original Assignee
BASF SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BASF SE filed Critical BASF SE
Priority to EP14708275.4A priority Critical patent/EP2964356A1/fr
Publication of EP2964356A1 publication Critical patent/EP2964356A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
    • B01D3/14—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column
    • B01D3/30—Fractionating columns with movable parts or in which centrifugal movement is caused
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
    • B01D3/14—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column
    • B01D3/16—Fractionating columns in which vapour bubbles through liquid
    • B01D3/163—Plates with valves

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a column for carrying out gas / liquid mass transfer processes, wherein in the column at least one lock is received, which is designed so that during the mass transfer process gas through the lock and when the gas supply is interrupted, the liquid flows into the lock on the lower separating tray and, when the gas is supplied again, the liquid flows down from the lock.
  • Corresponding columns can be used in all mass transfer processes in which a liquid is flowed through by a gas. These are, for example, distillations, rectifications or even chemical reactions.
  • a column for carrying out mass transfer processes comprising at least one lock delimited by an upper and lower separating tray is known, for example, from EP 2 033 698 A1, EP 2 027 901 A1 or RU 2 237 508 C1.
  • the locks described herein comprise upper and lower dividing trays, each having valves configured to allow gas to flow through the dividing tray, and liquid to flow from the upper tray into the gate upon interruption of gas flow, and again from the gate upon gas supply on the lower shelf.
  • the valves disclosed in these documents each comprise a closing element which comprises two valve disks, which are connected to one another by a spacer web. In a first position of the closing element, an outlet opening is closed off from the valve with the lower valve disk, through which liquid can flow from the lower floor to the separating floor underneath.
  • the second valve disk is in a position that allows the liquid to flow from the upper floor into the lock.
  • the closing element is raised so that gas can flow through the lower opening in the valve first into the lock and then flow around the lower valve plate through openings in the valve housing through the lock in the direction of the upper floor, the gas on the Upper floor is passed through the liquid standing on the floor.
  • valves can block, so that the liquid does not flow out of the lock with renewed gas supply or too high a gas pressure is necessary to open the valve. This can lead to a deterioration of the separation performance.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a column for carrying out mass transfer processes which does not have the disadvantages known from the prior art, in particular in which blocking of the valves can be avoided.
  • the object is achieved by a column for carrying out gas / liquid mass transfer processes, wherein in the column at least one sluice is enclosed by an upper separating bottom and a lower separating bottom, which is designed so that during the mass transfer process gas through the sluice and a lying on the upper shelf liquid flows, when interrupting the gas supply, the liquid flows into the lock on the lower parting tray and when renewed gas supply, the liquid drains down from the lock, the lower parting floor a fixed base with at least one opening and a a rotatable floor connected to a rotatable axle which passes through the fixed floor, so that the rotatable floor can be turned against the fixed floor, the rotatable floor being shaped such that the at least one opening in the floor is rotatable permanently mountable floor in a first P
  • the bottom of the rotatable floor is closed and can be opened by rotation of the rotatable floor.
  • the upper and lower dividing trays comprise a fixed base with at least one opening and a rotatable bottom connected to a rotatable shaft which passes through the fixed base.
  • the opening in the fixed base of the upper partition in the first position of the rotatable bottom of the lower partition is open and by rotation of the rotatable bottom, the opening is closed with a strainer insert, so that gas can flow through the strainer and the opening, but no liquid flows through the opening into the lock when the rotatable bottom of the lower partition is in a position in which the opening in the fixed base of the lower partition is opened.
  • the upper shelf as a solid floor so that in a gas flow no liquid drains from the bottom and the liquid drains from the upper shelf when the gas flow is interrupted.
  • Suitable forms for the upper parting tray are, for example, sieve trays.
  • the rotatable trays can be dispensed with the use of additional valves that can jam and thus restrict the function of the column.
  • the shelves can be made much less expensive.
  • gas / liquid mass transfer processes are referred to, which are carried out in columns with suitable internals, usually trays, in which a liquid is thoroughly mixed with the gas and, in general, the liquid flows downward due to gravity and the gas flows upward in the opposite direction in the column.
  • gas / liquid mass transfer processes are, for example, distillation, rectification, absorption or stripping (desorption). In addition to these separation processes, this also includes chemical reactions in which at least one educt stream is gaseous and one educt current is liquid.
  • gas is to be understood as meaning all gaseous substances, in particular also steam.
  • the upper and lower dividing trays through which the lock is limited comprise two fixed shelves, the rotatable tray being positioned between the fixed shelves.
  • the structure of the partition acts in particular in lying on the bottom firmly mountable bottom rotatable floor as a labyrinth seal, so that in particular when interrupting the mass transfer process no liquid can drain from the lock ,
  • the rotatable floor may be positioned above or below the fixed floor.
  • the rotatable floor is positioned in this case above the fixed floor.
  • particularly preferred is the embodiment with two fixed bases, between which the rotatable bottom is added.
  • At least one sieve insert is accommodated in the rotatable bottom of the upper separating bottom, which allows a gas flow through the bottom and which is designed so that no liquid can drain through the sieve bottom due to the gas flow.
  • the number of sieve inserts in the rotatable bottom of the upper partition floor preferably corresponds to the number of openings in the fixed base. This makes it possible that during the mass transfer process gas can flow through all openings in the fixed base and no opening is opened so that can run through this liquid.
  • the sieve insert is further designed so that it does not hinder rotation of the rotatable bottom of the upper partition.
  • the sieve insert has at most the same thickness as the rotatable bottom.
  • the rotatable bottom of the upper dividing floor comprises two floors, between which the at least one perforated insert is clamped.
  • the attachment of the sieve insert can then be releasable, for example by screwing or non-releasable, for example by welding or gluing done.
  • openings in the rotatable base are preferably arranged alternately side by side. arranged gene and sieve inserts, so that either the opening of the rotatable bottom coincides with the opening of the fixed base or the sieve insert is located at the position of the opening of the fixed base.
  • each insert can be used with a defined reduction in the cross-section through which it flows.
  • a suitable reduction of the flow-through cross-section can be realized, for example, by introducing holes of any cross-sectional shape, for example circular, elliptical, oval, as a slot or annular gap.
  • the use of a sieve is possible.
  • the holes are preferably dimensioned so that the gas flow during operation of the column is sufficient to keep the liquid on the upper separating tray.
  • the strainer with valves that open when a gas flows from below against the strainer and close when no gas flows.
  • all valves can be used, which are used in columns for trays and can be dimensioned so that the valves do not hinder the rotational movement of the rotatable bottom.
  • all rotatable trays are connected to a common rotatable axle, wherein the rotatable trays are each arranged so that when the opening of the lower partition bottom opening of the upper partition is closed with the strainer insert and with the opening of the upper partition open Opening of the lower partition is closed.
  • the common rotatable axis allows easy operation of the column.
  • the danger that due to a defective drive only one floor does not close and thus the cyclical operation is hindered does not exist.
  • the rotatable bottom has at least one opening, which is brought to open the opening in the fixed bases in the position of the opening of the fixed shelves.
  • the opening in the rotatable floor makes it easy to open and close the opening in the fixed floor.
  • To open the opening in the rotatable floor is turned to the position in which the opening is located in the fixed floor.
  • For closing, the opening of the rotatable floor is brought to a position at which there is no opening in the fixed floor.
  • the sieve insert is then brought into the region of the opening of the fixed base.
  • the at least one opening in the rotatable floor is preferably designed so that the complete opening in the fixed base is released when the rotatable floor is brought into the position in which the opening in the fixed base is open.
  • the permanently mountable and the rotatable trays each have at least two openings, wherein it is particularly preferred if the openings in the fixed bases and the rotatable floors point symmetrical about the center are arranged. Due to the point-symmetrical arrangement around the center, the openings are evenly distributed on the separating tray.
  • the axis to which the rotatable trays are connected is preferably passed through the center.
  • the cross-sectional area of all openings on a fixed floor is less than 50% of the cross-sectional area of the floor.
  • an opening cross-section of approximately 50% of the cross-sectional area of the bottom is only possible if the openings are designed in the form of circle segments. If the shape of the openings deviates, the opening cross-section is correspondingly smaller.
  • the trays are arranged to each other that in a first position of the axis, the openings in the fixed bases of the lower partition are open and the openings in the fixed shelves of the upper partition are closed with the sieve insert and in a second position of the axis the openings in the fixed bottom of the lower partition are closed and the openings in the fixed bottom of the upper partition open. It is furthermore preferred if the fixedly mounted bottoms of the upper and lower dividing trays, in particular of all dividing trays, have the same design.
  • each lock has differently designed firmly mounted floors. This may be useful, for example, if in the lower or upper region of the column a larger opening cross-section is desired because of a larger amount of gas. Due to the differently sized opening cross sections, the pressure loss across the column can also be adjusted.
  • the rotatable trays are in each case in the position in which the openings in the lower separating tray are opened and those in the upper separating tray are closed by the sieve inserts. Gas flows from the bottom to the top through the column, and a liquid passes through the top trays through which the gas passes. Due to the gas flow, the liquid remains on the upper trays and does not run into the lock.
  • the rotatable trays are set to the second position so that the openings in the lower separating tray are closed and the openings in the upper separating tray are opened.
  • the gas flow is interrupted at the same time, so that the liquid is no longer held on the upper parting tray and flows into the lock.
  • the gas supply can also be interrupted from the outside.
  • the vapor is preferably temporarily stored in an external or in the evaporator integrated buffer container.
  • the volume of this buffer container depends on the time that the gas supply is interrupted in the column. In addition, the switching delay must be taken into account.
  • the volume of the buffer container is preferably designed so that the maximum pressure in the buffer tank does not exceed twice the operating pressure at the bottom of the column.
  • the synchronized valves on the evaporator and condenser are reopened. When opening the valves, on the one hand, a vapor stream from the column is formed in the condenser and, at the same time, high-pulse steam flows into the column from the buffer vessel due to the built-up pressure. If the mass transfer process performed in the column is absorption, the same procedure is used. In this case, however, the synchronized valves ensure that the pressure compensation and thus the overflow time are realized as quickly as possible.
  • the rotatable trays are returned to the first position and at the same time the gas supply is restarted. Due to the movement of the rotatable floors, the openings in the lower dividing trays are now opened, so that the liquid can drain out of the lock. Due to the incipient supply of gas and the closing of the openings in the upper separating trays, the liquid always remains on the upper separating tray, which lies below the lock in which the liquid was previously located and the substance exchange process can be continued. The liquid from the lowest lock reaches the bottom of the column and can be removed from it.
  • FIG. 2 a top view of a rotatable bottom for an upper dividing floor
  • FIG. 3 a top view of a rotatable bottom for a lower dividing floor
  • FIG. 4 shows a section through a lock in a column during the mass transfer process
  • Figure 5 shows a section through a lock in a column during the interruption of
  • FIG. 6 shows a section through a lock in a column with renewed start of the gas flow.
  • a fixed mountable floor is shown in plan view.
  • a permanently mountable bottom 1 has a cross section which corresponds to the cross section of a column. Since columns usually have a circular cross section, the cross section of the fixed base 1 shown here is also circular. In addition to a circular fixed base 1, however, it is also possible that the fixed base 1 assumes any other cross section corresponding to the cross section of the column used.
  • openings 3 are received, through which gas or liquid can flow, depending on the operating state of the column.
  • FIG. 2 shows a top view of a rotatable bottom in plan view.
  • a rotatable bottom 5 for an upper partition bottom is preferably circular in shape so that it is freely rotatable within the column.
  • the rotatable bottom 5 is connected at its center 7 with an axis.
  • the rotatable bottom 5 for the upper separating bottom has openings 9, which are positioned as the openings 3 in the fixed base 1.
  • the rotatable bottom 5 for the upper separating tray and sieve inserts 1 In addition to the openings 9, the rotatable bottom 5 for the upper separating tray and sieve inserts 1 1.
  • the sieve inserts 1 1 are positioned so that in a position of the rotatable bottom 5, the openings 3 in the fixed base 1 are closed by the sieve inserts 1 1.
  • FIG. 3 shows a top view of a rotatable bottom for a lower separating bottom.
  • a rotatable base 13 for a lower separating tray differs from the rotatable base 5 for an upper separating tray in that it has only openings 9, but no sieve inserts 11.
  • the openings 9 are in correspondence with the openings 3 in the fixed base 1, so that gas or liquid can flow through.
  • the rotatable bottom 13 for the lower separating tray is rotated relative to the fixed base 1 so that the openings 9 in the rotatable bottom 13 of the lower dividing tray and the openings 3 in the fixed base 1 do not overlap.
  • the lower shelf is closed.
  • the openings 3, 9 and 1 sieve inserts in any form another form, for example in the form of a circle segment. It should be noted in each case that the openings 3 in the fixed base 1 and the openings 9 in the rotatable bottom 13 and the openings 9 and sieve inserts 1 1 in the rotatable bottom 5 are arranged so that by rotation of the rotatable floors 5, 13 the Openings in the fixed base 1 can be opened or closed, the openings 3 in the fixed base 1 of the upper partition 17 are closed by the sieve inserts 1 1. It is possible to make the openings 3 and 9 and the Siebein arrangements 1 1 in the same geometry or different.
  • the openings 3 in the fixed base 1, the openings 9 in the rotatable trays 5, 13 and the sieve inserts preferably have the same geometry.
  • FIG. 4 shows a lock in a column during the mass transfer process.
  • a lock 15 comprises an upper separating tray 17 and a lower separating tray 19.
  • both the upper separating tray 17 and the lower separating tray 19 each have two fixed bases 1, between each of which a rotatable bottom 5, 13 is received.
  • the fixed bases 1 are aligned for each partition floor 17, 19 so that the openings 3 are each at the same position.
  • the rotatable bottom 5 for the upper dividing floor 17 and the rotatable bottom 13 for the lower dividing floor 19 are fixed to an axle 21, so that by rotation of the axis 21, the rotatable floors 5, 13 can be rotated against the fixed bases 1.
  • the rotatable bottom 13 for the lower tray is positioned so that the openings 9 in the rotatable bottom 13 for the lower tray 19 are at the same position as the holes 3 in the fixed bases 1.
  • gas can flow through the openings 3, 9 in the lock 15. The gas flow is shown by arrows 23.
  • the rotatable bottom 5 of the upper partition floor 17 is positioned so that the screen inserts 1 1 each lie at the position of the openings 13 in fixed bases 1.
  • the Siebein arrangements 1 1 are designed so that due to the gas flow 23 gas can flow up through the upper separation tray 17, but no liquid 25, which is located on the upper separation tray 17, through the openings 3 and the Siebein algorithms 1 1 in the lock 15 can expire. As sieve inserts 1 1 all inserts can be used with a defined reduction of the flow-through cross-section. Suitable Siebein arrangements 1 1 are designed for example as perforated plates. Other alternative designs for the Siebein engines 1 1 are, for example, slots, annular gaps or sieves.
  • the liquid is thereby prevented by the gas flowing through the strainer 1 1 gas from flowing through the strainer 1 1.
  • a plurality of locks 15 can be accommodated in a column 27.
  • the number of locks 15 generally corresponds to the number of floors that are needed for the mass transfer process.
  • a second step of the mass transfer process that can be carried out in the column 27 is shown in FIG.
  • the rotatable trays 5, 13 have been rotated into a second position.
  • the position of the rotatable trays 5, 13 is now such that in the lower separating tray 19 the openings 3 of the fixed trays 1 are closed.
  • This is, as already described above, achieved in that the openings 9 are rotated in the rotatable bottom 13 of the lower partition floor 19 to a position in which these openings 9 do not overlap with the openings 3 in the fixed base 1.
  • the lock 15 is closed in this way at the lower separating bottom 19. This also means that no more gas can enter the lock 15.
  • the gas supply through the column 27 is thus also interrupted.
  • the rotatable trays 5 of the upper separating tray 17 are also simultaneously rotated, since these are mounted on a common axis 21 in the embodiment shown here.
  • the rotation of the axis 21 of the rotatable bottom 5 of the upper partition 17 is brought into a position in which the openings 9 coincide with the openings 3 of the fixed bases 1.
  • the liquid previously standing on the upper floor 17 passes through the openings 3, 9 in the lock 15th from. Since the openings 3 in the lower separating bottom 19 are closed by the rotatable bottom 13 of the lower separating bottom 19, the liquid remains in the lock 15.
  • the shrinkage of the liquid 25 into the lock 15 is represented by arrows 29.
  • the axis 21 is again rotated, so that the rotatable plates 5, 13 are returned to their original position.
  • the openings 3 of the fixed bases 1 of the lower partition floor 19 are again opened by coinciding with the openings 9 in the rotatable bottom 13 of the lower partition 19, so that gas or liquid can flow through these openings.
  • the sieve inserts 1 1 of the rotatable bottom 5 of the upper partition 17 are again brought into conformity with the openings 3 of the fixed shelves 1 of the upper partition 17.
  • the liquid 25 runs from the lock 15 from.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une colonne servant à mettre en œuvre des processus de transfert de matière sous forme gazeuse/liquide. Au moins un sas (15) délimité par un fond de séparation supérieur (17) et par un fond de séparation inférieur (19) est logé dans la colonne (27). Le sas (15) est configuré de telle sorte qu'au cours du processus de transfert de matière du gaz (23) circule à travers le sas (15) et un liquide (25) situé sur le fond de séparation supérieur (17) circule, que lors de l'interruption de l'amenée de gaz le liquide (25) s'écoule dans le sas (15) sur le fond de séparation inférieur (19), et que lors de la reprise de l'amenée de gaz le liquide (25) sort du sas (15) par le bas. Le fond de séparation inférieur (19) comprend un fond (1) pouvant être monté de manière fixe et pourvu d'au moins une ouverture (3), ainsi qu'un fond pouvant tourner (13), qui est relié à un axe (21) pouvant tourner et guidé à travers le fond pouvant être monté de manière fixe (1) de sorte que le fond pouvant tourner (13) peut être tourné à l'encontre du fond monté de manière fixe (1). Le fond pouvant tourner (13) du fond de séparation inférieur (19) est configuré de telle sorte que l'ouverture ou les ouvertures (3) sont fermées, dans le fond pouvant être monté de manière fixe (1), dans une première position du fond pouvant tourner (13) et peuvent être ouvertes par la rotation du fond pouvant tourner (13).
EP14708275.4A 2013-03-08 2014-03-07 Colonne servant à mettre en uvre des processus de transfert de matière sous forme gazeuse/liquide Withdrawn EP2964356A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14708275.4A EP2964356A1 (fr) 2013-03-08 2014-03-07 Colonne servant à mettre en uvre des processus de transfert de matière sous forme gazeuse/liquide

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13158423 2013-03-08
PCT/EP2014/054412 WO2014135672A1 (fr) 2013-03-08 2014-03-07 Colonne servant à mettre en œuvre des processus de transfert de matière sous forme gazeuse/liquide
EP14708275.4A EP2964356A1 (fr) 2013-03-08 2014-03-07 Colonne servant à mettre en uvre des processus de transfert de matière sous forme gazeuse/liquide

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2964356A1 true EP2964356A1 (fr) 2016-01-13

Family

ID=52211065

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14708275.4A Withdrawn EP2964356A1 (fr) 2013-03-08 2014-03-07 Colonne servant à mettre en uvre des processus de transfert de matière sous forme gazeuse/liquide

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US9248382B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2964356A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN105050676A (fr)
WO (1) WO2014135672A1 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9320983B2 (en) * 2013-03-11 2016-04-26 Basf Se Valve for carrying out a mass-transfer process
EP2969091A1 (fr) * 2013-03-11 2016-01-20 Basf Se Procédé d'exécution d'un procédé de transfert de matière dans une colonne
PT2851115T (pt) * 2013-09-20 2016-07-15 Doosan Lentjes Gmbh Uma torre purificadora de um dispositivo de purificação de gases de combustão
WO2019037092A1 (fr) * 2017-08-25 2019-02-28 鹏辰新材料科技股份有限公司 Colonne de fractionnement à plateaux pour solvants hydrocarbonés aromatiques
EP3846636A4 (fr) * 2018-09-05 2022-05-25 Crown Iron Works Company Plateau de fractionnement à section ouverte réglable pour le contrôle de nettoyage et/ou de débit
CN109173315A (zh) * 2018-09-27 2019-01-11 天津科技大学 旋转交错式板式塔
CN111821711A (zh) * 2020-07-23 2020-10-27 朱文艳 一种板式分馏塔

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US9320983B2 (en) * 2013-03-11 2016-04-26 Basf Se Valve for carrying out a mass-transfer process
EP2969091A1 (fr) * 2013-03-11 2016-01-20 Basf Se Procédé d'exécution d'un procédé de transfert de matière dans une colonne

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN105050676A (zh) 2015-11-11
US20140252663A1 (en) 2014-09-11
US9248382B2 (en) 2016-02-02
WO2014135672A1 (fr) 2014-09-12

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