EP2922655A1 - Procédé de brasage d'un stator et d'un refroidisseur, et stator présentant une liaison brasée avec un support de stator - Google Patents

Procédé de brasage d'un stator et d'un refroidisseur, et stator présentant une liaison brasée avec un support de stator

Info

Publication number
EP2922655A1
EP2922655A1 EP13791983.3A EP13791983A EP2922655A1 EP 2922655 A1 EP2922655 A1 EP 2922655A1 EP 13791983 A EP13791983 A EP 13791983A EP 2922655 A1 EP2922655 A1 EP 2922655A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
stator
cooler
stand
solder
radiator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP13791983.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2922655B1 (fr
Inventor
Johann Sontheim
Michael Menhart
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Compact Dynamics GmbH
Original Assignee
Compact Dynamics GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Compact Dynamics GmbH filed Critical Compact Dynamics GmbH
Publication of EP2922655A1 publication Critical patent/EP2922655A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2922655B1 publication Critical patent/EP2922655B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K15/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K15/02—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines of stator or rotor bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
    • B23K1/0008—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering specially adapted for particular articles or work
    • B23K1/0016—Brazing of electronic components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
    • B23K1/002—Soldering by means of induction heating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
    • B23K31/02—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to soldering or welding
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D7/00—Electroplating characterised by the article coated
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K15/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/20—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
    • H02K5/203—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium specially adapted for liquids, e.g. cooling jackets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/36—Electric or electronic devices

Definitions

  • An electric machine is understood to be an electric machine in the form of an internal or external rotor machine.
  • An electric machine can be both an electric motor and an electric generator.
  • the stator described here is used in particular in all kinds of lathes (synchronous, asynchronous, reluctance machines, permanent magnet machines or the like).
  • a stator core is cast.
  • a stator core packet winding coil tube is provided, which is integrated into the unit of the stator housing and stator core.
  • the cooling coil can be formed from a metal tube with an oval or flattened oval cross-section.
  • WO 2002/075901 A1 - Compact Dynamics discloses a fluid-cooled electric machine with a housing in which a stator and a rotor with stator and / or rotor coils are arranged. The electric machine is thermally conductively coupled to a cooling device arranged on its circumference and connected to an electronic power drive.
  • the electronic power control is divided into several modules, which are each electrically connected to at least one of the stator or rotor coils.
  • the modules are distributed on the circumference of the electric machine and arranged radially on the outside or inside of the cooling device and coupled with this heat-conducting.
  • the cooling device is traversed by fluid channels and has on its outer or inner wall an opening to at least one of the fluid channels, projecting into the arranged on the modules cooling elements.
  • stator elements are glued by means of thermal adhesive to the radiator / stator carrier.
  • the thermal conductivity of the adhesive limits the dissipated power loss.
  • DE 10 2005 043 313 AI discloses a rotating electrical machine with a liquid-cooled stator, DE 101 45 521 AI cooling for an electric motor with a heat dissipating heat from the stator heat exchanger and DE 10 2006 044 785 AI a liquid-cooled electric machine with a cooling system with a corrosion-resistant cooling structure.
  • DE 197 30 865 C2 describes a heat sink arrangement for cooling electronic components or circuit boards made of ceramic materials.
  • DE 10 2004 026 490 A1 discloses a method for applying solders to base materials by means of a thermal spraying method and DE 1 627 541 A discloses a method for achieving uniform soldering gaps between workpieces with curved soldering surfaces. From DE 1 627 470 A a method for soldering of bearing metal bushes in holes of a base material is also known.
  • DE 10 2008 047 076 AI describes a soldering component with solder deposit and a heat exchanger which is provided with this soldering component, DE 20 2005 004 807 Ul a component made of aluminum material with a surface coating for Hartverlö- tion and DE 35 36 296 Cl a Camshaft with a shaft soldered into a bore of the cam.
  • the thermal conductivity of the coupling material should be increased.
  • the stability of the thermal and mechanical connection between the components is to be improved.
  • a cooler To solve a method for soldering a stator of an electric machine is proposed with a cooler. First, an at least section-wise coating of the stator and / or the cooler takes place with a solder layer. Then, the stator is brought together with the radiator such that the solder layer is located between the stator and the radiator. Finally, the radiator is heated to the melting temperature of the solder layer to produce a solder joint between the stator and the radiator.
  • the cooler can also serve as a carrier.
  • a stator for an electric machine with a stand carrier and a solder connection between the stator and the stator carrier.
  • the stand carrier can also serve as a cooler.
  • the runner / stand carrier may contain steel.
  • the stand can be sheet molding
  • the solder material may contain tin, or in the proposed stator, the solder connection may contain tin.
  • the solder material may contain tin, or in the proposed stator, the solder connection may contain tin.
  • Lotzusatzmaterialien that are applied as a paste or as a film on the components, it comes during assembly of the components for stripping the paste or to an undefined position of the solder foil.
  • this hard-to-control coating of the stator surface with the paste / foil results in a poor thermal connection between the stator and the cooler. During operation, this can lead to overheating of the electrical machine and even to a short circuit in the winding.
  • the coating step can be carried out by electroplating the stator and / or the cooler. Thereafter, these components are "dry" joined together so that a uniform distribution of the solder material in preparation for the heating step is ensured.
  • Conceivable are embodiments in which only one tin layer is provided.
  • only the stator may have a tin layer, the cooler having no tin layer, or vice versa.
  • the tin layers do not have to run completely along the peripheral surfaces of the stands or coolers.
  • the tin layers may, for example, contain recesses, or be applied only pointwise or in places on the stand and / or cooler.
  • stator tin layer and the cooler-tin layer may complement one another such that the tin layers together form a single, uninterrupted solder layer when the stator is connected to the cooler. is merged.
  • the composition of the tin layers may also have symmetrical or asymmetrical recesses or gaps.
  • the stand carrier or cooler may be traversed by at least one fluid channel.
  • the at least one fluid channel can either extend substantially coaxially to the central longitudinal axis of the radiator / stator carrier or pull the radiator / stator carrier helically or helically.
  • the fluid channels of the cooler can stand one-to-one in relation to the stator windings of the stator.
  • the ratio of the number of fluid channels to the number of stator windings can vary as desired.
  • the fluid channels and / or stator windings can each be arranged regularly or irregularly, symmetrically or asymmetrically about an axis of rotation of the electrical machine.
  • the fluid channels and stator windings may be arranged along a line to the axis of rotation or offset from each other. It would be conceivable any combination of collinear and offset fluid channels and stator windings.
  • the radiator In the step of heating the radiator are heated with a flowing through the fluid channel heat transfer fluid. As a result, only the solder region is heated above the melting temperature, so that temperature-sensitive components such as the windings of the stator are heated significantly lower due to the thermal resistance of the stator material. Thus, these temperature-sensitive components are not damaged in the heating step. In addition, a significantly lower soldering energy is required than if the entire assembly would have to be heated to the melting temperature.
  • the step of heating may be accomplished by first charging a small amount of high boiling liquid into the at least one fluid channel.
  • the cooler is then heated inductively on its side facing away from the stator until evaporation of the boiling liquid.
  • the boiling liquid in the fluid channel condenses again to heat the solder layer to its melting temperature. Due to the high phase change energy of the boiling liquid, a rapid and uniform heating of the soldering area occurs.
  • an internal pressure of the fluid channel can be limited by a pressure relief valve, so that the pressure resulting from the evaporating medium pressure remains stable until the radiator warms up. This ensures that no inadmissibly high internal pressure occurs.
  • an outer peripheral surface of the stator and / or an inner circumferential surface of the cooler can be coated with the solder layer at least in sections.
  • an outer peripheral surface of the cooler and / or an inner circumferential surface of the stator can be coated with the solder layer at least in sections.
  • An electric machine may be equipped with a stator of the embodiment described above.
  • 1A is an axially directed schematic view of the front side of a stand
  • 1B is an axially directed schematic view of the front side of a radiator / stator support
  • Fig. 2 is an axially directed schematic view of the front side of a composite assembly with the stator and the radiator / stator carrier, and
  • FIG. 3 shows the assembly of FIG. 2 with a finished solder connection.
  • the illustrated stator 10 (here, a DC machine) is provided on its inner circumference with a plurality of support slots for stator windings 12.
  • the stator windings 12 each surround a pole core 16.
  • Each pole core 16 has at its directed to a rotation axis R End of a pole piece 14.
  • An adjacent to the grooves opening serves to receive a (not shown) internal rotor, which is provided for rotation about an axis of rotation R.
  • the stator 10 may comprise a stator core, with a plurality of stacked layers, so-called stator laminations, stator rings or stator segments, which are layered in the magnetic flux direction and thus perpendicular to the eddy current direction.
  • the stacked sheets comprise sheet-like fiber composite workpieces including, for example, sheet molding composite (SMC) material. Between adjacent layers, a layer material can be arranged, which serves, among other things, the adhesion.
  • a tin layer 20 is attached, which serves as a solder additive.
  • the stator 10 is preferably tin-plated by immersing the stator 10 after a suitable pretreatment in a tin electrolyte. By applying an electrical voltage, a tin coating is deposited on the surface of the stator 10.
  • the stator 10 receives a preferably minimum layer thickness as a coupling layer.
  • stator 10 comprises a stator core with a plurality of stator rings / segments
  • the tin layer 20 is covered at the solder surface defined at the edge of the stator rings / segments, and then the surfaces located between the stator rings / segments are etched away in order to avoid damaging eddy currents ,
  • a radiator 30 is illustrated.
  • a stand carrier may be provided.
  • the cooler 30 may serve as a stand carrier at the same time.
  • the cooler / stand carrier 30 preferably includes steel or a similar rigid material.
  • a plurality of fluid channels 32 are provided through which a cooling fluid flows in the operating state.
  • the fluid channels constitute a closed system by forming a circuit through which the liquid cooled by an external source flows.
  • the fluid channels 32 pass through the cooler 30 in the axial direction (coaxial with the axis of rotation R).
  • the fluid channels 32, the radiator 30 helically traversing and thereby surround the axis of rotation R helically.
  • an external rotor machine it is also possible to provide one or more central fluid ducts which are mounted in the center of the radiator coaxially with the axis of rotation.
  • the cooler / stator carrier 30 is galvanized as well as the stator 10. After a suitable pretreatment of the cooler / stand carrier 30 is in a
  • tin electrolyte Immersed in tin electrolyte.
  • a tin coating is deposited on the surface of the cooler / stator carrier 30.
  • This tin layer 40 serves as a solder additive. The amount of solder required is adjusted by the layer thickness on the radiator / stator support 30.
  • the tin layers 20, 40 may consist exclusively of tin, or alternatively of an alloy or other mixture of tin and other metals and / or materials. In this case, the mixture used for the stator-tin layer 20 may differ from that used for the cooler-tin layer 40. Instead of tin layers 20, 40, solder layers which consist exclusively of materials other than tin would also be conceivable.
  • FIG. 2 shows six fluid channels 32 and six stator windings 12, which are arranged such that a fluid channel 32 is axially offset from each stator winding 12.
  • the stator 10 is heated in operation by the electric power supplied to the stator winding 12.
  • the load of the stator 10 by the high temperatures is location-dependent by the temperature distribution in the stator. Accordingly, the fluid channels 32 extend in the vicinity of the stator windings 12.
  • stator 10 and cooler 30 are brought together as shown in FIG. 2, these components are soldered.
  • the tin layers 20, 40 are heated to their melting temperature to produce a finished solder joint 50, as illustrated in FIG. 3.
  • this solder joint 50 need not be continuous, as shown in Fig. 3, but may have one or more interruptions or recesses. These can either be caused by incomplete tin plating, or by soldering the existing tin layers 20, 40 in places, for example by only selective heating of the tin layers.
  • the necessary heating to achieve the at least partially soldering of the tin layers 20, 40 can be done in different ways. It should be noted that an insulating material coating the stator windings 12 is not damaged thereby, and no aggressive flux is required.
  • the heating of the assembly is done by charging the fluid channels 32 with a heat transfer fluid which is heated to a temperature above the melting temperature.
  • a heat transfer fluid which is heated to a temperature above the melting temperature.
  • temperature-sensitive components such as the stator windings 12 are heated significantly lower due to the thermal resistance of the stator material and thus not damaged.
  • the heat transfer fluid may be any fluid, such as a gas that is not explosive at high temperatures, or a liquid that is at the
  • Melting temperature of the solder layers 20, 40 has a viscosity such that the charging of the fluid channels 32 with the heat transfer fluid is possible.
  • an external source of the pressurized fluid in another variant, an external pump is provided.
  • an external heat source is provided.
  • a small amount of high-boiling liquid for example gall the HAT 240, is filled into the fluid channels 32.
  • the cooler 30 is subsequently heated inductively by the side facing away from the stator 10.
  • the boiling liquid evaporates and condenses along the fluid channels 32 again. Due to the high phase change energy of the boiling liquid it comes to a fast and
  • the boiling liquid has a boiling point in the range of the melting temperature of the tin layers 20, 40. Furthermore, the boiling liquid is chosen so that it is not explosive even at high temperatures.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Motors, Generators (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé permettant de braser un stator (10) d'un moteur électrique à un refroidisseur (30). Tout d'abord, le stator (10) et/ou le refroidisseur (30) sont pourvus au moins sur certaines parties d'une couche de métal d'apport (20, 40). Ensuite, le stator (10) est assemblé au refroidisseur (30), de telle manière que la couche d'apport (20, 40) se situe entre le stator (10) et le refroidisseur (30). Enfin, le refroidisseur (30) est chauffé à la température de fusion de la couche de métal d'apport (20, 40), afin d'obtenir une liaison brasée entre le stator (10) et le refroidisseur (30). Le refroidisseur (30) peut également servir de support. L'invention concerne en outre un stator (10) pour un moteur électrique, pourvu d'un support (10) et d'une liaison brasée entre le stator (10) et le support de stator (20, 40). Le support de stator peut également servir de refroidisseur. Ceci entraîne une mise en contact thermique très satisfaisante entre le stator et le refroidisseur/support. En outre, le métal d'apport permet une liaison thermique et mécanique durable entre les éléments.
EP13791983.3A 2012-11-22 2013-11-13 Methode de brasage d'un stator et d'un refroidisseur Not-in-force EP2922655B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012022873.2A DE102012022873A1 (de) 2012-11-22 2012-11-22 Verfahren zum Verlöten von Ständer und Kühler und Ständer mit Lotverbindung zum Ständerträger
PCT/EP2013/073673 WO2014079742A1 (fr) 2012-11-22 2013-11-13 Procédé de brasage d'un stator et d'un refroidisseur, et stator présentant une liaison brasée avec un support de stator

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2922655A1 true EP2922655A1 (fr) 2015-09-30
EP2922655B1 EP2922655B1 (fr) 2016-12-28

Family

ID=49585380

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13791983.3A Not-in-force EP2922655B1 (fr) 2012-11-22 2013-11-13 Methode de brasage d'un stator et d'un refroidisseur

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US9356495B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2922655B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN104797369B (fr)
DE (1) DE102012022873A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014079742A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

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JP2020513722A (ja) * 2016-11-29 2020-05-14 ティーエム４・インコーポレーテッド 開放冷却アセンブリに組み合わされた封入冷却アセンブリが設けられた電気機械
WO2019053040A1 (fr) * 2017-09-13 2019-03-21 Kassow Robots Aps Raccord pour robot et robot comprenant un raccord
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WO2014079742A1 (fr) 2014-05-30
DE102012022873A1 (de) 2014-05-22
EP2922655B1 (fr) 2016-12-28
CN104797369B (zh) 2017-04-05
CN104797369A (zh) 2015-07-22
US20150303778A1 (en) 2015-10-22
US9356495B2 (en) 2016-05-31

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