EP2918916B1 - Heating device - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a heater according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

When operating a heater with a granular fuel - for example wood pellets. Foliage pellets or straw pellets - usually produces a flame image of many distributed, small-volume flames. It forms unlike the burning of cargo, such as wood sheath or briquettes no large-volume flame. In particular, when operating the heater in the living room in the viewer so far, the desire that flame image of the operated with the granular fuel heater to adjust the classic flame image of a piece-fired heater.

A generic heater, which is designed for the preparation of hot water, is from the EP 0 064 456 A1 known. It is hereby a closed, continuously operated system disclosed with active air supply and a needs-based, actuated actuated supply of granular fuel.

From the US 5,137,012 A is also known a heater, which is designed for the thermal utilization of granular fuel. The heater has, as described above, an active supply air arrangement and a motor system for demand-based or continuous supply of the granular fuel in the storage chamber. The system dispenses with a stovepipe and therefore also on a baffle plate, which is to prevent the entry of flames into the stovepipe.

Also describes the US 2013/160757 A1 a comparable system with an active feed arrangement for the granular fuel.

Generic auxiliary energy-free operated heaters are not known from the prior art.

The object of the present invention is to make a granular fuel-powered heater constructive so that the formation of large-volume flames favors and the flame pattern is approached during operation of the heater with the granular fuel to the classic flame image of a piece-fired heater.

To achieve the object, the invention has the features of claim 1.

The particular advantage of the invention is that the volume body is encompassed by the flames. In this respect, the volume body splits the flames and increases their volume with the consequence that in the perception of an observer, the flames increase optically. The flame image resembles a classic general cargo flame.

At the same time, the reaction of the fuel gases with the oxygen fed into the flame chamber is promoted by splitting the fire volume. In this respect, there is an improved thermal conversion and a higher thermal efficiency; and the emissions during operation of the heater are reduced.

The solid formed from a non-combustible material may for example be spherical, conical, frusto-conical, pyramidal, truncated pyramidal or disk-shaped. A particularly favorable influence of the flame image results when the volume body at least partially widens or widened in the direction of the flame deflection unit. This is especially the case of the spherical, conical, truncated cone, pyramid and truncated pyramid. The solid can continue to be designed as a disk body or baffle plate and thus favor a turbulence of the fuel gases and visually increase the flames.

The solid can be formed for example of a metallic material or of a mineral material. In particular, it can be positioned suspended in the flame chamber. For example, the volume body can be provided by means of a holding device wall-mounted or be supported by a buttress. In the case of a suspended fastening of the volume body, a receptacle for a chain or other fastening means can be provided, in particular in the region of a lower deflecting plate of the flame deflecting unit.

The granular fuel storage chamber is removable. The heater can then be fired either with the granular fuel or with general cargo. In particular, after removal of the storage chamber, a grate or another support for the piece goods can be inserted. When operating the heater with cargo, the volume may either remain in the flame chamber or the volume may be removed from the flame chamber. In this respect, the volume is designed removable. In particular, the solid is removed from the flame chamber with the chain, pillar, or other fastener.

From the other dependent claims and the following description further advantages, features and details of the invention can be found. There mentioned features may be essential to the invention individually or in any combination. Thus, the disclosure of the individual aspects of the invention can always be referenced reciprocally. The drawings are merely illustrative of the clarification of the invention and are not of a restrictive nature.

Figur 1

eine Vorderseitenansicht eines ersten erfindungsgemäßen Heizgeräts mit einer Flammenkammer und einem darin hängend vorgesehenen Volumenkörper,

Figur 2

einen Seitenschnitt durch das Heizgerät nach Figur 1,

Figur 3

einen 45°-Längsschnitt durch das Heizgerät nach Figur 1,

Figur 4

einen Querschnitt durch das Heizgerät nach Figur 1,

Figur 5

eine Vorderseitenansicht einer zweiten Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Heizgeräts,

Figur 6

einen Seitenschnitt durch das Heizgerät nach Figur 5,

Figur 7

eine dritte Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Heizgeräts in einer perspektivischen Vorderseitenansicht mit einer geöffneten Tür zu der Flammenkammer,

Figur 8

eine Detailvergrößerung einer Flammenkammer des Heizgeräts nach Figur 7,

Figur 9

eine Prinzipdarstellung der ersten Ausführungsform des Volumenkörpers nach den Figuren 1 bis 6 und einer beabstandet hierzu vorgesehenen Bevorratungskammer für den granulare Brennstoff,

Figur 10

eine perspektivische Ansicht der Anordnung nach Figur 9,

Figur 11

eine Prinzipdarstellung einer zweiten Ausführungsform des Volumenkörpers, welcher beabstandet zu der Bevorratungskammer des Heizgeräts vorgesehen ist,

Figur 12

eine perspektivische Ansicht der Anordnung nach Figur 11,

Figur 13

eine Prinzipdarstellung einer dritten Ausführungsform des Volumenkörpers, welcher beabstandet zu der Bevorratungskammer des Heizgeräts vorgesehen ist,

Figur 14

eine perspektivische Ansicht der Anordnung nach Figur 13,

Figur 15

eine Prinzipdarstellung einer vierten Ausführungsform des Volumenkörpers, welcher beabstandet zu der Bevorratungskammer des Heizgeräts vorgesehen ist und

Figur 16

eine perspektivische Ansicht der Anordnung nach Figur 15.

Show it:

FIG. 1

a front view of a first heater according to the invention with a flame chamber and a volume provided therein hanging,

FIG. 2

a side section through the heater after FIG. 1 .

FIG. 3

a 45 ° longitudinal section through the heater after FIG. 1 .

FIG. 4

a cross section through the heater after FIG. 1 .

FIG. 5

a front view of a second embodiment of a heater according to the invention,

FIG. 6

a side section through the heater after FIG. 5 .

FIG. 7

a third embodiment of a heater according to the invention in a perspective front view with an open door to the flame chamber,

FIG. 8

an enlarged detail of a flame chamber of the heater after FIG. 7 .

FIG. 9

a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the solid according to the FIGS. 1 to 6 and a granular fuel storage chamber spaced therefrom;

FIG. 10

a perspective view of the arrangement according to FIG. 9 .

FIG. 11

a schematic representation of a second embodiment of the volume body, which is provided spaced from the storage chamber of the heater,

FIG. 12

a perspective view of the arrangement according to FIG. 11 .

FIG. 13

a schematic representation of a third embodiment of the volume body, which is provided spaced from the storage chamber of the heater,

FIG. 14

a perspective view of the arrangement according to FIG. 13 .

FIG. 15

a schematic diagram of a fourth embodiment of the volume body, which is provided spaced from the storage chamber of the heater and

FIG. 16

a perspective view of the arrangement according to FIG. 15 ,

An inventive heater according to the FIGS. 1 to 4 comprises as essential components a flame chamber 1, which is surrounded on the shell side by a wall 2, a storage chamber 3 for a granular kiln, a Flammenumlenkeinheit 4 and a solid body 5 made of a non-combustible material. The solid 5 is suspended in the flame chamber 1. As a fastening means, a chain 6 is provided, which is fixed to the end of the volume body 5 on the one hand and a baffle plate 7 of the flame deflecting unit 4 on the other. The flame chamber 1 is further associated with a door 8 with a disc surface 9. Through the disc surface 9, a flame image can be considered during operation of the heater.

The heater can be operated for example with wood pellets as a granular fuel. The wood pellets are filled into the storage chamber 3 provided below the flame chamber 1 and set on fire by means of a lighter. A horizontal distance 10 between an upper edge 11 of the storage chamber 3 and the volume body 5 is selected so that the flames surround the volume body 5 or are split on the volume body 5. Visually increases so the observer perceived flame volume in the flame chamber 1. In addition, the volume body 5 is a flow obstacle or a resistance for the fuel gases there, which causes turbulence in the flame chamber 1 leads. As a result of the turbulence is an optimal mixing of the fuel gases with the oxygen supplied during combustion. The thermal utilization and conversion of the combustible is therefore above average and combustion takes place with low emissions.

The wall 2 of the flame chamber 1, as well as the lower baffle plate 7 at least partially from temperature-resistant fireclay bricks. The combustion gases escaping from the flame chamber 1 via the flame reversal unit 4 are discharged via a furnace tube 12. Adjacent to the Flammenumkehreinheit 4 in this case a furnace tube 12 encompassing heat storage 13 is provided, which is heated by the existing heat in the exhaust gases and the stored heat gives a time delay to the combustion process.

A supply of oxygen into the flame chamber 1 or the storage chamber 3 takes place for example via a supply air duct 14. In particular, a controller may be provided for influencing a volumetric flow of the oxygen.

Next, an ash container 15 is provided at the furnace below the storage chamber 3. The ash container 15 serves to receive residual ash resulting from the combustion process.

A second inventive heater according to the Figures 5 and 6 has essentially the same components essential to the invention. In particular, the volume body 5 is provided suspended in the flame chamber 1. Below the flame chamber 1, the storage chamber for the granular fuel and the ash container 15 are provided. The solid 5 is spherical as before and spaced from the wall 2 of the flame chamber 1 and provided in the door 8 disc surface 9 is provided. The heater has a particular circular cross-sectional shape. It is dispensed in the illustrated embodiment, a heat storage in the region of the furnace tube 12. Optionally, such a heat accumulator can be attached to the heater.

A third inventive heater according to the FIGS. 7 and 8th provides a fixed to a fixture 16 solid 5 before. The holding device 16 is L-shaped. A holding arm 17 extends substantially horizontally and is connected at the end to the volume body 5. A support arm 18 extends substantially vertically. The support arm 18 is fixed to the support arm 17 and supported on a surface of the flame chamber 1.

In each case, the geometry of the heater can be designed variable. For example, any cross-sectional geometry can be used. The provision of a heat accumulator is optionally possible in each embodiment. The heater can be designed in each case as combi unit for the combustion of fuel granules and general cargo or as a pure granular heater.

The FIGS. 9 to 16 show various embodiments of the bulk body 5 and an assignment thereof to the storage chamber. 3

After the FIGS. 9 and 10 the volume body 5 is spherical. The storage chamber 3 has a circular opening 19 facing the volume body 5 and a substantially cylindrical, stepped running surface 20. A collar 21 is formed on the volume body on the shell side, and a collar 22 in the region of the shell 21 on the shell side. The collar 22 serves to apply the storage chamber 3 to a bottom 23 of the flame chamber.

In particular, the storage chamber 3 is designed removable. In this respect, the collar 22 is located on the bottom 23 of the flame chamber 1 and is supported on this. To simplify the removal of the storage chamber 3, two handles 24 are also provided.

In particular, the heater according to the invention with the removable storage chamber 3 may be designed so that firewood and ignited on the floor 23 or an additional inserted intermediate floor. The heater is then used as a combi unit and can optionally with the granular fuel - for example Wood pellets. Foliage pellets, straw pellets or the like - or be fired with firewood, briquettes or similar fuels.

According to the embodiment according to the FIGS. 11 and 12 finds the same storage chamber 3 use. However, the volume body 5 is conical with a tapering in the direction of the storage chamber 3 cone.

According to a further embodiment of the invention FIGS. 13 and 14 is the solid body 5 realized in a pyramid shape. A tip of the cone is the opening 19 of the storage chamber 3 facing.

Of course, other embodiments may be selected for the solid 5. For example, the volume body 5 may be frustoconical or truncated pyramidal or designed in the manner of a dome or an octahedron. The storage chamber 3 can be embodied, for example, insulated on the inside, so that the temperature of the flames increases. The storage chamber 3 may be executed, for example, perforated at least in sections or have openings which improve the supply of oxygen or air.

According to a further embodiment of the invention according to the FIGS. 15 and 16 the volume body 5 is realized a substantially horizontal extended, circular plate. The volume body 5 is formed in the manner of a baffle plate. From the bottom of the plate 5 beating flames surround the plate and are thereby enlarged in accordance with the invention. The baffle plate 5 also offers in a known manner the possibility to bring about a strong turbulence of the fuel gases and to provide an optimized supply of oxygen. For example, the baffle plate 5 may be executed perforated, or it may be spaced from each other two baffles or two other solids are provided.

According to an alternative, not shown embodiment of the invention may at the storage chamber 3, the opening 19 in any case partially occlusive Cover can be provided with a small opening compared to the opening 19. The cover may be placed on the opening 19, for example, after the ignition and firing of the granular fuel. By partially covering the opening 19 or by placing a cover with a recess reduces an effective cross-sectional area for the passage of fuel gases into the flame chamber 1. It thus results in a higher pressure of the fuel gases or a higher flow rate with the result that the Flames spatially concentrated and appeared larger than usual. In particular, the recess may be provided in the cover immediately below the volume body 5.

Identical components and component functions are identified by the same reference numerals.

Claims (5)

1. Heating device with a provisioning chamber (3) for granular fuel and a flame chamber (1) provided above the provisioning chamber (3), wherein at the jacket side the provisioning chamber (3) and/or the flame chamber (1) is/are enclosed by a wall (2, 20), sectionwise at least, wherein on an upper face opposing the provisioning chamber (3) the flame chamber (1) is bounded by a flame deflection unit (4) with a baffle plate (7) and a fireproof solid body (5) is provided in the flame chamber (1) remote from the provisioning chamber (2), characterised in that the provisioning chamber (3) is designed to be removable and is dimensioned in such a way that in particular wood pellets, straw pellets, leaf pellets or the like can be poured into the provisioning chamber (3) and ignited in the provisioning chamber (3), in that the flame chamber (1) exhibits a pane surface (9) which is provided for observing a flame pattern during operation of the heating device, and in that a horizontal gap (10) between the solid body (5) and an upper edge (11) of the provisioning chamber (3) is chosen such that the flames emerging during incineration of the granular fuel encompass the solid body (5).
2. Heating device according to claim 1, characterised in that the solid body (5) is fastened suspended from the baffle plate (7) of the flame deflection device (4) or is provided remote from the wall (2) of the flame chamber (1) and/or of the pane surface (9).
3. Heating device according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the solid body (2) is fixed to the wall or is held by means of a substantially horizontally aligned retaining arm (17).
4. Heating device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the solid body (5) is held upright on a support column.
5. Heating device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the solid body (5) is in any case of a conical shape or truncated cone shape or spherical or pyramid shape or truncated pyramid shape and/or in the manner of a baffle plate.

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