DK2918916T3

DK2918916T3 - heating device

Info

Publication number: DK2918916T3
Application number: DK15156982.9T
Authority: DK
Inventors: Max Blank
Original assignee: Blank Max Gmbh
Priority date: 2014-03-10
Filing date: 2015-02-27
Publication date: 2019-02-11
Also published as: EP2918916B1; LT2918916T; EP2918916A1; SI2918916T1; PL2918916T3; ES2704260T3; HRP20182188T1; PT2918916T

Description

Description [0001] The invention relates to a heating device according to the preamble of claim 1.

[0002] Operating a heating device with a granular fuel - for example, wood pellets, leaf pellets or straw pellets - normally produces a flame pattern comprising many separate flames of small volume. In contrast to the burning of solid fuels, for example, logs or briquettes, no large-volume flames are produced. Particularly when operating the heating device in the living room the observer often wishes that the flame pattern of the heating device operated with granular fuel could be modified into the classic flame pattern of a heating device operated using solid fuels.

[0003] A generic heating device designed for providing hot water is known from EP 0 064 456 A1. It discloses a closed, continuously operating system with active air delivery and actuator-operated, demand-driven delivery of the granular fuel.

[0004] From US 5,137,012 A, a heating device is also known which is provided for the thermal utilisation of granular fuel. As described above, the heating device has an active intake air arrangement and a motorised system for the demand-driven or continuous delivery of the granular fuel to the provisioning chamber. The system dispenses with the use of a stove pipe and thus also of a baffle plate which is designed to prevent the entry of flames into the stove-pipe.

[0005] US 2013/160757 A1 also describes a comparable system with an active delivery arrangement for granular fuel.

[0006] Generic heating devices requiring auxiliary power are not known from the prior art.

[0007] The object of the present invention is to design a heating device operated using granular fuel with a design which encourages the formation of large-volume flames and in which the flame pattern when operating the heating device with granular fuel is similar to the classic flame pattern of a heating device operated with solid fuel.

[0008] The object of the invention is achieved by the features of claim 1.

[0009] The particular advantage of the invention is that the solid body is encompassed by the flames. The solid body thus splits the flames and increases their volume; consequently an observer perceives the flames to be visually larger. The flame pattern is therefore similar to a classic solid-fuelled flame.

[0010] Splitting the volume of the fire simultaneously encourages the reaction of the combustion gases with the oxygen delivered to the flame chamber. This results in improved thermal conversion and greater thermal efficiency, and the emissions during operation of the heating device are reduced.

[0011] The solid body formed of a non-combustible material may comprise a spherical, conical, truncated cone, pyramid, truncated pyramid or disk shape, for example. There is a particularly favourable influence on the flame pattern when the solid body spreads out or widens, at least section-wise, in the direction of the flame deflection unit. This occurs in particular in the case of the spherical, conical, truncated cone, pyramid and truncated pyramid shape. The solid body may also be realised as a disk body or baffle plate and so may encourage the turbulence of the combustion gases and visually enlarge the flames.

[0012] The solid body may comprise a metallic or mineral material, for example. In particular, it may be positioned suspended in the flame chamber. For example, the solid body may be wall-mounted by the use of a retaining device or borne on a support column. Where the solid body is suspended, a mount for a chain or other fastening means may be provided in the region of a lower baffle plate of the flame deflection unit in particular.

[0013] The provisioning chamber for the granular fuel is removable. The heating device can then optionally be fuelled with granular fuel or solid fuel. In particular, after removing the provisioning chamber a grill or other support for the solid fuel may be placed therein. During operation of the heating device with solid fuel the solid body can either remain in the flame chamber or be removed. The solid body is therefore designed to be removable. In particular, the solid body is removed from the flame chamber by means of the chain, the support column or by other fastening means.

[0014] Additional advantages, features and details of the invention are found in the additional subsidiary claims and in the description below. The features mentioned therein may be essential to the invention individually or in any combination. Also the disclosures referring to the individual aspects of the invention may always be considered as alternatives. The drawings serve only to clarify the invention and are not of a restrictive nature.

[0015] In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a view of the front face of a first heating device according to the invention with a flame chamber and a solid body suspended therein,

Figure 2 is a lateral section through the heating device according to Figure 1,

Figure 3 is a 45° longitudinal section through the heating device according to Figure 1,

Figure 4 is a cross-section through the heating device according to Figure 1,

Figure 5 is a view of the front face of a second embodiment of a heating device according to the invention,

Figure 6 is a lateral section through the heating device according to Figure 5,

Figure 7 illustrates a third embodiment of a heating device according to the invention in a perspective view of the front face with an opened door to the flame chamber,

Figure 8 is a detail enlargement of a flame chamber of the heating device according to Figure 7,

Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the solid body according to Figures 1 to 6 and of a provisioning chamber for the granular fuel provided remote therefrom,

Figure 10 is a perspective view of the arrangement according to Figure 9,

Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the solid body, which is remote from the provisioning chamber of the heating device,

Figure 12 is a perspective view of the arrangement according to Figure 11,

Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of a third embodiment of the solid body, which is remote from the provisioning chamber of the heating device,

Figure 14 is a perspective view of the arrangement according to Figure 13,

Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of a fourth embodiment of the solid body, which is remote from the provisioning chamber of the heating device and

Figure 16 is a perspective view of the arrangement according to Figure 15.

[0016] A heating device according to the invention as in Figures 1 to 4 comprises as essential components a flame chamber 1 which is enclosed at the jacket side by a wall 2, a provisioning chamber 3 for a granular fuel, a flame deflection unit 4 and a solid body 5 comprising a non-combustible material. The solid body 5 is fastened suspended in the flame chamber 1. As a fastening means a chain 6 is provided whose end face is fastened to the solid body 5 on the one hand and to a baffle plate 7 of the flame deflection unit 4 on the other hand. The flame chamber 1 is further associated with a door 8 with a pane surface 9. During operation of the heating device a flame pattern may be observed through the pane surface 9.

[0017] The heating device can be operated with wood pellets as a granular fuel, for example. The wood pellets are poured into the provisioning chamber 3 provided below the flame chamber 1 and ignited by means of a lighter. A horizontal gap 10 between an upper edge 11 of the provisioning chamber 3 and the solid body 5 is chosen such that the flames surround the solid body 5 or are split by the solid body 5. The volume of flames perceived by an observer in the flame chamber 1 thus appears larger. In addition, the solid body 5 presents a flow obstruction or resistance to the combustion gases which leads to turbulence in the flame chamber 1. As a consequence of the turbulence, there is optimal mixing of the combustion gases and the oxygen which is delivered during the combustion. The thermal utilisation and conversion of the fuel is accordingly good to an above-average extent and combustion is achieved with low emissions.

[0018] The wall 2 of the flame chamber 1 as well as the lower baffle plate 7 consist at least section-wise of thermally stable firebricks. The combustion gases escaping the flame chamber 1 via the flame deflection unit 4 are ducted away via a stove pipe 12. Adjacent to the flame deflection unit 4 is a heat store 13 encompassing the stove pipe 12, which is heated by the heat of the exhaust gases and emits the heat stored from the combustion process with a time lag.

[0019] Delivery of oxygen into the flame chamber 1 and/or provisioning chamber 3 takes place, for example, via an air intake duct 14. In particular a regulator can be provided to influence the volume flow of the oxygen.

[0020] Furthermore, an ash container 15 is provided on the stove below the provisioning chamber 3. The ash container 15 serves to accommodate the residual ash produced during the process of combustion.

[0021] A second heating device according to the invention as in Figures 5 and 6 has substantially the identical components essential to the invention. In particular, the solid body 5 is suspended in the flame chamber 1. Below the flame chamber 1 are the provisioning chamber for the granular fuel and the ash container 15. As before, the solid body 5 is spherical in shape and remote from the wall 2 of the flame chamber 1 and the pane surface 9 provided within the door 8. The heating device is of a circular cross-section in particular. There is no heat store in the region of the stove pipe 12 in the embodiment as shown. As an option, such a heat store can be mounted on the heating device.

[0022] A third heating device according to the invention as in Figures 7 and 8 provides a solid body 5 which is fastened to a retaining device 16. The retaining device 16 is L-shaped. A retaining arm 17 extends substantially horizontally and at its end face is connected to the solid body 5. A support arm 18 extends substantially vertically. The support arm 18 is fastened to the retaining arm 17 and abuts against a surface of the flame chamber 1.

[0023] The geometry of the heating device may be variably constructed in each case. For example, any cross-sectional geometry may be used. The provision of a heat store is a possible option for any embodiment. The heating device may be provided as a combination device for the incineration of granulated fuel and solid fuel, or purely as a granulate heating device.

[0024] Figures 9 to 16 show various embodiments of the solid body 5 and the association of the same with the provisioning chamber 3.

[0025] According to Figures 9 and 10 the solid body 5 is spherical. The provisioning chamber 3 has a circular opening 19 facing towards the solid body 5 and a substantially cylindrical, stepped jacket surface 20. A step 21 is located on the jacket side of the solid body with a collar 22 projecting from the jacket side in the region of the step 21. The collar 22 serves for placing the provisioning chamber 3 on a floor 23 of the flame chamber.

[0026] In particular, the provisioning chamber 3 is constructed to be removable. Therefore the collar 22 is positioned on the floor 23 of the flame chamber 1 or abuts against it. Two handholds 24 are also provided in order to simplify the removal of the provisioning chamber 3.

[0027] In particular, the heating device according to the invention with the removable provisioning chamber 3 may be provided such that solid fuel is ignited on the floor 23 or an additional intermediate floor placed therein. The heating device is then useable as a combination device and may optionally be fuelled with the granular fuel - for example, wood pellets, leaf pellets, straw pellets or the like - or with solid fuel, briquettes or similar fuels.

[0028] According to the embodiment as in Figures 11 and 12, the identical provisioning chamber 3 is used. However, the solid body 5 is conical in shape with a cone which tapers towards the provisioning chamber 3.

[0029] According to a further embodiment of Figures 13 and 14 according to the invention, the solid body 5 is a pyramid in shape and a tip of the cone faces towards the opening 19 of the provisioning chamber 3.

[0030] Obviously, other embodiments may be chosen for the solid body 5. For example, the solid body 5 may be provided in the form of a truncated cone or a truncated pyramid or in the manner of a curved segment of a sphere or a segment of an octahedron. The provisioning chamber 3 may for example be insulated on the inside so that the temperature of the flames is increased. The provisioning chamber 3 can for example be perforated at least section-wise or may be provided with openings which improve the delivery of oxygen or air.

[0031 ] According to a further embodiment of the invention as in Figures 15 and 16, the solid body 5 comprises a substantially horizontally aligned circular plate. The solid body 5 is thus provided in the manner of a baffle plate. Flames impacting on the plate 5 from below encompass the plate and are thereby enlarged in a manner according to the invention. Moreover, the baffle plate 5 offers in the known manner the possibility of inducing strong turbulence of the combustion gases and providing optimised delivery of oxygen. For example, the baffle plate 5 may be perforated, or two baffle plates or two other solid bodies may be provided remote from one another.

[0032] According to an alternative embodiment of the invention, which is not illustrated, a covering closing the opening 19 at least section-wise may be provided on the provisioning chamber 3 with a recess that is small in comparison to the opening 19. For example, the covering may be placed on the opening 19 after the granular fuel is ignited and starts to burn. By means of the partial covering of the opening 19 or the placing of a covering with a recess, there is a reduction in an effective cross-sectional area for the penetration of the combustion gases into the flame chamber 1. From this there results a higher pressure of the combustion gases and/or a higher rate of flow, with the consequence that the flames are spatially more highly concentrated and appear to be of greater volume than normal. In particular, the recess in the covering may be provided directly below the solid body 5.

[0033] Identical reference characters apply to identical components and component functions.

Claims

A heating device with a granular fuel supply chamber (3) and with a flame chamber (1) provided above the supply chamber (3), wherein the supply chamber (3) and / or the flame chamber (1) are surrounded at least partially by a casing side. a wall (2, 20), wherein the flame chamber (1) is delimited on the upper side of the supply chamber (3) by means of a flame deflection unit (4) with a baffle plate (7) and wherein a fire-resistant solid body (5) is provided in the flame chamber (1) spaced from the supply chamber (2), characterized in that the supply chamber (3) is designed to be removable and is dimensioned so that, in particular, wood pellets, straw pellets, leaf pellets or similar pellets can be poured into the supply chamber (3) and ignited in the supply chamber (3), and that the flame chamber (1) has a pane surface (9) which is designed to allow observation of a flame image during the heating device and a horizontal gap (10). ) between the solid body (5) and an upper edge (11) of the supply chamber (3) is selected such that the flames emanating from the granular fuel during combustion enclose the solid body (5).

Heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that the fixed body (5) is fixedly suspended in a deflection plate (7) on a flame deflection device (4) and / or is provided at a distance from a wall (2) in the flame chamber (1). and / or from the pane (9).

Heating device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the fixed body (2) is fixed to the wall or is held by a substantially horizontally extending holding arm (17).

Heating device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the fixed body (5) is held upright on a support column.

Heating device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the solid body (5) has at least a cone shape and / or a cone stub shape and / or a sphere shape and / or pyramid shape and / or pyramid stub shape and / or is formed like a baffle plate.