EP2912238B1 - Wall element for building in prefabricated construction - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a trained as precast concrete wall element for the construction of a building. It further relates to a construction made using such wall elements, in particular an operating or plant building of a nuclear power plant.

Safety-related buildings of nuclear facilities, such as those buildings that house the emergency generators, have so far been almost exclusively designed as a local concrete construction. Due to the very high load level, the prefabricated construction method tested in ordinary residential construction has so far not been used in the nuclear sector.

The building / construction must withstand all the loads and load connections of the following events from the groups EVI - influence of indoor and external EVA:

Normal operation:

• Permanent loads
• Variable loads including loads due to transport and installation
• Combined loads

Influences caused by outside events:

• explosion
• Crashes of flying machines
• Fire in the outdoor area

Influences from internal unforeseen events:

• In-house fire
• Collapse of the inner design
• Falling loads
• Internal flooding
• Internal explosion

Unlikely events:

• earthquake
• Extreme winds
• Extreme snow and icing
• Tornadolasten, influence of Tornado-Geschossen
• Extreme outside temperatures
• External flooding
• Extreme precipitation
• Property protection
• Explosive pressure wave
• Explosive gas cloud

The use of prefabricated components - although considered to be quite desirable because of the associated standardization and the optimization of the entire planning, construction and construction processes - encountered considerable difficulties in this context and was therefore omitted. This is particularly due to the customary in prefabrication connection technologies that either do not meet the requirements imposed in the nuclear sector in terms of load transfer or are not able to comply with the there encountered allowable component tolerances and at the same time allow flexible connections on site and alignment inaccuracies in the Overcome assembly.

The fact that essentially the same buildings, with the same functionality are planned for each nuclear power plant, leads to the consideration of how the planning and execution costs can be reduced.

A reduction is possible by means of systems which make it possible to flexibly plan the desired rooms and their occupancy with prefabricated modules. This is based on the consideration that the introduction of precast construction so far especially encountered difficulties in the frictional connection between the individual components and overcoming the associated tolerances and dimensional inaccuracies and alignment inaccuracies in the assembly.

In a pre-announcement of the AREVA NP GmbH with the publication number WO 2012/123067 A1 a wall element of the type mentioned was disclosed, which can be easily combined with other such wall elements to a building, especially a building or complex of buildings, and connect, which is designed not only for ordinary operating loads, but also unlikely extreme loads - individually or even in combination - such as flooding, earthquakes, continuous rain, ice loads, wind loads, hurricanes, extreme ambient temperatures, impact of projectiles, plane crashes, etc.

Accordingly, designed as a precast concrete wall element - there called wall module - provided for the construction of a building with a wall body, with a plurality of in their entirety a regular reinforcing grid forming, preferably each parallel to the edges of the wall body extending reinforcing bars which are cast into the wall body wherein at least some of the reinforcing bars penetrate the wall body substantially edge-to-edge, respectively, and are provided at their ends with connecting elements adapted to make a connection with complementary connecting elements of an immediately adjacent transition element. In this case, the respective connecting element - at least in the dissolved, not connected to a complementary connecting element state - so playfully connected or movably connected to the associated reinforcing rod that it is displaceable in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the reinforcing rod level on all sides by at least 2 millimeters relative to a planned central position ,

Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, a wall element has been described, in which the wall body in the manner of a sandwich construction an outer shell, a Inner shell and an intermediate core filling has, the outer shell and the inner shell via reinforcing elements shear and tensile strength are connected to each other. However, this basic concept of the sandwich construction was not specified there in detail with regard to possible embodiments.

At this point, the present invention begins, whose task is to further develop the wall elements described in the above-mentioned application. It is a modular prefabricated solid reinforced concrete construction of reinforced concrete slabs and joints joints arise that removes the high load level of the various load cases mentioned above after connecting the individual elements as a monolithic unit. In particular, it is intended to create a reinforcing structure for the reinforced concrete slabs and for the joint joints that can be erected with acceptable effort and designed for the stated requirements. In addition, the existing when juxtaposing the wall elements and with cast-in-situ or other filler mass - for example mortar - to be potted joints have the lowest possible volume, so that only little in situ concrete and formwork material is needed on the site.

This object is achieved by the features of claim 1.

FIG. 1

ein in Sandwichbauweise gefertigtes Wandelement mit einer Innenschale, einer Außenschale und einer Kernfüllung in perspektivischer Ansicht,

FIG. 2

den Aufbau der Bewehrung der Innenschale des Wandelementes in einem Zwischenstadium während der Fertigung in perspektivischer Ansicht,

FIG. 3

einen Längsschnitt durch das Wandelement,

FIG. 4

einen Ausschnitt aus FIG. 3,

FIG. 5

den Aufbau der Bewehrung der Innenschale des Wandelementes vor dem Gießen der die Bewehrung umgebenden Betonmasse in perspektivischer Ansicht,

FIG. 6

die Innenschale des Wandelementes nach dem Gießen der Betonmasse in perspektivischer Ansicht,

FIG. 7

die Verbindung zwischen der Innenschale und der Außenschale des Wandelements in perspektivischer Ansicht,

FIG. 8

die Verbindung zwischen der Innenschale und der Außenschale des Wandelements in perspektivischer Ansicht, wobei die Betonmasse der Außenschale zeichnerisch ausgeblendet (oder transparent gemacht) wurde,

FIG. 9

eine Draufsicht von oben auf die Verbindung zwischen der Innenschale und der Außenschale des Wandelements,

FIG. 10

von oben nach unten verschiedene Zwischenstadien bei der Verbindung zweier nebeneinander aufgestellter Wandelemente in jeweils perspektivischer Ansicht,

FIG. 11

ein weiteres Zwischenstadium bei der Verbindung zweier nebeneinander aufgestellter Wandelemente, nämlich beim Vergießen der vertikalen Stoßfuge zwischen den beiden Wandelementen,

FIG. 12

einen Ausschnitt der in FIG. 2 dargestellten Bewehrung in seitlicher Draufsicht,

FIG. 13

ein Detail der Fugenbewehrung in der vertikalen Stoßfuge zweier nebeneinander aufgestellter Wandelemente in perspektivischer Ansicht,

FIG. 14

einen Querschnitt durch die Verbindungsregion zweier übereinander aufgestellter Wandelemente, und

FIG. 15

einen Längsschnitt durch die Verbindungsregion zweier übereinander aufgestellter Wandelemente.

Advantageous developments and concretizations of the basic principle will become apparent from the subclaims and from the following detailed description of an embodiment. Each shows in a simplified and schematic representation:

FIG. 1

a manufactured in sandwich wall element with an inner shell, an outer shell and a core filling in perspective view,

FIG. 2

the structure of the reinforcement of the inner shell of the wall element in an intermediate stage during production in perspective view,

FIG. 3

a longitudinal section through the wall element,

FIG. 4

a section from FIG. 3 .

FIG. 5

the structure of the reinforcement of the inner shell of the wall element before casting the concrete mass surrounding the reinforcement in a perspective view,

FIG. 6

the inner shell of the wall element after pouring the concrete mass in perspective view,

FIG. 7

the connection between the inner shell and the outer shell of the wall element in perspective view,

FIG. 8th

the connection between the inner shell and the outer shell of the wall element in a perspective view, wherein the concrete mass of the outer shell was graphically hidden (or made transparent),

FIG. 9

a top view of the connection between the inner shell and the outer shell of the wall element,

FIG. 10

from top to bottom different intermediate stages in the connection of two adjacently placed wall elements in each perspective view,

FIG. 11

another intermediate stage in the connection of two juxtaposed wall elements, namely when casting the vertical butt joint between the two wall elements,

FIG. 12

a section of in FIG. 2 shown reinforcement in lateral plan view,

FIG. 13

a detail of the joint reinforcement in the vertical butt joint of two juxtaposed wall elements in perspective view,

FIG. 14

a cross section through the connecting region of two superimposed wall elements, and

FIG. 15

a longitudinal section through the connecting region of two superimposed wall elements.

In the following, all position and direction information such as "top", "bottom", "vertical", "horizontal", etc. refer to the usual installation position of the wall elements shown in the figures.

FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a manufactured in sandwich construction cuboid wall element 2, for example, for use in a nuclear power plant building. The intended for arrangement in a side wall of a building and usually a complete floor height forming wall element 2 has a constructed as a reinforced concrete structure inner shell 4, a corresponding outer shell 6 and an intermediate core filling 8, for example, heavy concrete, on. The inner shell 4 and the outer shell 6 are each approximately mirror images of each other in an otherwise similar manner, as will be described in more detail below. At the top of the outer shell 4 and from the inner shell 6 protrude a plurality of connecting elements 10 for the formation of screw to the overlying wall element (not visible here) out. At the (hidden here) underside of the wall element 2 functionally complementary connecting elements are arranged in a corresponding manner. In addition, at the bottom in the area of the respective front surface 12 of the inner shell 4 and the outer shell 6, there are engagement openings 14 for the production the glands during installation of the wall element system available. At the two lateral edges project reinforcing loops / U-shaped bracket, short U-bracket 16, with its bow end of the inner shell 4 and the outer shell. 6 of the wall element 2 out, which are provided to form the connections to adjacent wall elements (not visible here).

FIG. 2 illustrates the structure of the inner shell 4 of the wall element 2, in a sense in a first phase in the construction of the inner reinforcement cage, even before the casting of the concrete. The wall element next to it on the right side, as well as the partially potted gap, are indispensable for a while (they are available for image generation with the aid of a CAD program, whereby individual layers have been selectively masked out of the complete construction). The outer shell 6 is constructed as already mentioned analogous to the inner shell 4.

The designated also as bending reinforcement, designed for receiving and transmitting tensile forces in the composite wall elements 2 main reinforcement 18 comprises a lying in the plane of extension of the wall element 2 rectangular grid of horizontal reinforcing bars 20 (in FIG. 2 only the bottom two are shown) and vertical reinforcing bars 22, which touch each other at the crossing points where they are braided, for example, with wire and thus fixed against each other. The horizontal and thus parallel to the upper and lower edge edge of the wall element 2 aligned reinforcing bars 20 are arranged equidistant from each other, as well as the vertically and thus aligned parallel to the side edges of the wall element 2 reinforcing bars 22. The bar diameter is in both cases - horizontal and vertical - preferred around 30 to 35 mm. The distance between the longitudinal axes of the reinforcing bars 20, 22 is in both cases preferably about 200 mm (square grid).

Two vertically successive horizontal reinforcing bars 22, each provided with a screw thread in the horizontal direction, are screwed into associated receptacles of a connecting piece 24, alternatively welded therein. In an intermediate central receptacle of the connecting piece 24 is an upwardly projecting from the grid composite, also provided with an external thread connecting bolt 26 is screwed. On the vertically aligned connecting bolt 26 can be pushed from above a provided with a central recess retaining plate 28 and screwed about a nut 30. At the lower end of the pair of rods thus connected to each other, there is a steel box 32 (box), composed of four welded steel plates welded together or alternatively cast in one piece, rectangular in cross-section and fitted between and fitting the two vertical reinforcing bars 22 the outside welded, alternatively screwed. The arrangement of the connecting pieces 24 and the boxes 32 is selected so that they conclude flush with the upper or lower edge of the inner shell 4 during the subsequent casting of the concrete mass, so that only the upper part of the connecting bolt 26 protrudes above. Further, the boxes 32 are embedded in the concrete such that the cuboid interior of the respective box 32 and a substantially cuboid mounting space remains immediately above free. The so formed in each case, coherent cavity is on the one hand accessible from below via the free lower box opening as well as from the front side 12 via the likewise remaining free engagement opening 14 (see also FIG. 1 ).

Thus, a total of a system of connecting elements 10 is formed, with the help of which can be screwed in the later assembly of the building superimposed wall elements 2. For this purpose, the upper wall element 2 is placed on the underlying wall element 2 such that the upper ends of the connecting bolts 26 of the lower wall element 2 respectively engage through the associated boxes 32 of the counterpart. Subsequently, the holding plates 28, which laterally overlap the boxes 32 at their upper edges, are pushed onto the ends of the connecting bolts 26 by the engaging openings 14 in the front side 14 of the inner shell 4 (and analogously in the outer shell 6) secured by screwing and tightening the nuts 30 / clamped. The holding plates 28 take on the function of washers so to speak. The cross-section of the boxes 32 is selected so that the respective connecting bolt 26 therein has a few millimeters of play during assembly in all directions so as to compensate for any dimensional inaccuracies in the subsequent assembly on the construction site. This corresponds to that already in the international publication WO 2012/123067 A1 AREVA NP GmbH described the design philosophy. It should be noted that in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 Although the sake of clarity, the holding plates 28 and the nuts 30 are shown in their final assembly position on the connecting bolt 26, but that they are in fact attached and screwed there only after the erection of the walls and the joining of the respective connection partners.

Back to the structure of the inner shell 4 according to FIG. 2 , In addition to the main reinforcement 18 is still a surface reinforcement 34, also in the form of crossing, lattice-like arranged reinforcing bars 36, 38 with a diameter of about 100 mm and with the same mesh size as the main grid available (square grid with a bar spacing of about 200 mm). The grid of the surface reinforcement 34 formed from the horizontal reinforcing bars 36 and the vertical reinforcing bars 38 is arranged parallel to the grid of the main reinforcement 18, at a distance in the direction of the (here rear) front side 14 of the inner shell 4. In the lateral direction, the crossing points of both reinforcing grid preferably offset by half a mesh length against each other. The crossing points of the surface reinforcement 34 are thus in the center of the mesh of the main reinforcement 18 and vice versa (see also FIG. 12 ).

Furthermore, at the side edges of the inner shell 4 as already mentioned outwardly projecting U-bracket 16 or (reinforcement) loops made of steel for the subsequent training and fixation of the lateral wall element shocks attached. The individual U-brackets 16 have two legs 40 extending horizontally and parallel to the longitudinal extension direction of the later wall element 2, which are in the space between the main reinforcement 18 and the surface reinforcement 34 and preferably the vertical reinforcing bars 22 of the main reinforcement 18 touch (at the points of contact are braided together with wire), on the side on which the horizontal reinforcing bars 20 are arranged. The one leg 40 of the respective U-bracket 16 lies above the associated horizontal reinforcing bar 20 of the main reinforcement 18, the other below. In other words, each of the horizontal reinforcing bars 20 of the main reinforcement 18 is located midway between the two legs 40 of a coplanar U-bar 16 (see also Figs FIG. 12 ). The located within the inner shell 4 sections of the legs 40 are held comparatively long and extend here in the example over more than four meshes of the main reinforcement 18, so over more than 800 to 1,000 mm. The outwardly projecting portions have seen in the horizontal direction including the end-side arc 42 each have a length of preferably about 400 mm. The subsequent assembly and connection in the region of the vertically extending butt joint between two wall elements 2 will be described in more detail below.

Finally, the reinforcement of the inner shell 4 at right angles angled (about curved or cast in this form) U-bracket 44 or loops made of steel, the leg end 46 is in each case in the space between the main reinforcement 18 and the surface reinforcement 34. The comparatively short leg sections of the leg end 46, which extend over less than or at most one grid mesh, lie parallel to the horizontal reinforcing bars 20 of the main reinforcement 18. The bow end 48 of these U-brackets 44 projects perpendicularly from the rear side 50 opposite the front side 14 and protrudes at least 200 mm in the subsequent core filling 8 inside. In this case, the respective U-bracket 44 engages / engages behind the bend or bend or bending point 52 one of the vertical reinforcing bars 22 of the main reinforcement 18 and touches it there. This is good in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 to recognize that represent a corresponding longitudinal section through the later wall element 2. In this way, at least some stitches, preferably most stitches, preferably each stitch of the main reinforcement 18 associated with such a U-bracket 44. Is in FIG. 5 to recognize the complete structure of the reinforcement network the inner shell 4 just before concreting shows. In FIG. 6 the condition is shown after concreting.

After the inner shell 4 according to FIG. 6 and a correspondingly constructed outer shell 6 were produced, these are connected to each other with the help of the projecting into the subsequent core filling 8 U-bracket 44 to a wall element 2. For this purpose, the two shells 4, 6 are brought into the desired relative position to each other, so that in each case the bow end 48 of a U-bracket 44 of the inner shell 4 and a U-bracket 44 of the outer shell 6 are directly adjacent to each other and the straight leg sections overlap there and touch , The arches of the two U-brackets 44 enclose a substantially O-shaped opening 54. This is well in FIG. 7 or FIG. 8th to see, in FIG. 8th For better visibility, the concrete filling of the outer shell 6 was hidden graphically. It can also be seen that the U-brackets 44 are arranged in rows, wherein the O-shaped openings 54 or loops of a row are in alignment in the horizontal direction. Seen in the vertical direction, several of these rows are arranged one above the other over the entire height of the wall element 2, evenly distributed (only two rows are shown here for the sake of simplicity). In each of these rows two reinforcing rods 56 are inserted, which extend over the entire width of the wall member 2 and are aligned horizontally according to the bracket assembly. The one reinforcing bar 56 is oriented in accordance with the free space provided by the O-shaped openings 54 of the bracket arrangement to the inner shell 4, the other to the outer shell 6 out. The reinforcing bars 56 touch the corresponding arcs of the U-bracket 44 from the inside in their vertices.

After the introduction of all reinforcing bars 56 in the space between the inner shell 4 and outer shell 6, the core filling 8 is poured. The core filling 8 can be made of heavy concrete, taking into account any predetermined requirements for the shielding effect against radioactive radiation. The heavy concrete core filling is also used for load transfer of the loads (namely, pressure loads in the element composite). For the production of a high-quality composite, the concrete surfaces should be covered by the potting experience a connection, have a grain skeleton released surface. Concrete is a mineral building material and can be considered as artificial rock. It consists of a mixture of cement, aggregate and water. As a supplement mainly sand, gravel and grit are used. It is introduced into the forming formwork shortly before installation. Natural aggregates such as gravel from deposits or crushed rock (gravel, grit) are mainly used as aggregates for normal concrete. The addition significantly determines the processability and strength of the concrete. By a suitable grading of different aggregate sizes a dense packing of grains with few cavities in which the cement paste is sought. The dense packing allows the load transfer in the concrete through the grain stand.

After curing of the core filling 8 acts in FIG. 1 illustrated composite of outer shell 6, core filling 8 and inner shell 4 as a monolithic object. The inner shells 4 and the outer shells 6 have a wall thickness S of preferably at least 240 mm. The thickness T of the core filling is variable. For example, it can vary between 200 and around 550 mm. Accordingly, the wall element 2 has a total thickness D in the range of about 700 mm up to 1,000 mm or slightly more. See also the supervision of the wall element 2 according to FIG. 9 in which the core filling 8 does not yet exist.

In FIG. 10 are shown from top to bottom, the various steps in assembling and connecting two adjacent wall elements 2 on the site. First, the two wall elements 2 are brought into the desired position relative to each other, in which the peripheral U-bracket 16 of the inner shell 4 on the one hand and the outer shell 6 on the other hand overlap in pairs and touch. The bow of the respective bracket 16 thereby touches the shell edge of the adjacent wall element 2. In other words, the bracket sections protruding from the concrete mass pass through the vertically extending butt joint 58 between the two wall elements 2 completely over their width.

Subsequently, lockable brackets 60 or rails of steel are slid over the paired U-brackets 16. The brackets 60 form in the final assembly state in each case a closed rectangular frame whose longitudinal struts 64 horizontally and perpendicular to the lattice plane of the main reinforcement 18 (and thus also perpendicular to the U-brackets 16) are aligned, and the transverse struts 66 are vertically aligned. The rectangular frame surrounds / embraces the two associated with him, lying at the same level bracket pairs of inner shells 4 and the outer shells 6 of two juxtaposed wall elements 2 and touches them from the outside. Here are each pair of brackets several, here four, in preferably the same distance next to each other, parallel aligned brackets 60 assigned (see also FIG. 13 ).

In the plan view of the vertical butt joint 58, this is divided by the U-bracket 16 and the brackets 60 into smaller rectangular spaces, which lie in the direction of the vertical extent of the wall element in alignment. Thus, in a sense, mutually delimited vertical sub-channels within the joint reinforcement are formed, in which in a further step vertically aligned reinforcing bars 62, in this case three pieces, are inserted.

Finally, the thus reinforced, advantageously not significantly more than 400 mm wide vertical joint 58 is cast with concrete, preferably with fine-grained concrete of comparable quality as the concrete of the inner shells 4 and outer shells 6 of the wall elements 2 (concrete quality C 50/60 or better ). An intermediate stage in the casting process is schematically shown in FIG FIG. 11 represents.

The tensile force transmission in the horizontal joint between two stacked wall elements 2 takes place as already described by screwing the vertical main reinforcement 18th

The horizontal joint 68 (storage joint) between two wall elements 2, which - by flat spacers 70 spaced from each other - are placed one above the other, is about 50 mm high and is after setting up the walls with a high-quality grouting mortar shed. The openings for the screw connection of the connecting elements 10 are also cast for the final state.

All wall elements 2 are immovably connected to each other in the manner described and form as a whole a shear-resistant construction, which has the advantageous properties of a monolithic plate-disc element. The power transmission between the individual components is ensured by specifically designed connections and connections (tensile and shear-resistant connections).

It is understood that numerous variations of the wall elements are possible, for example, to allow ceiling connections, T-joints between outer and inner walls, corner joints, etc.

In addition to use of the described wall elements and connection techniques in nuclear power plant building construction, of course, an application in other buildings with similar high demands (eg military buildings, industrial plant buildings, etc.) is possible.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

2

wall element

4

inner shell

6

outer shell

8th

core filling

10

connecting element

12

Front side (the respective shell)

14

engagement opening

16

Reinforcement loop / U-bracket (side connection)

18

main reinforcement

20

horizontal reinforcing bar (main reinforcement)

22

vertical reinforcing bar (main reinforcement)

24

joint

26

connecting bolt

28

Retaining plate

30

mother

32

box

34

surface reinforcement

36

horizontal reinforcing bar (surface reinforcement)

38

vertical reinforcing bar (surface reinforcement)

40

leg

42

bow

44

U-bracket (for shell connection)

46

leg end

48

arch end

50

back

52

Angling / kink

54

O-shaped opening

56

horizontal reinforcing bar (core reinforcement)

58

vertical butt joint

60

clip

62

vertical reinforcing bar (joint reinforcement)

64

longitudinal strut

66

crossmember

68

horizontal joint (bearing joint)

70

spacer

Claims (10)

1. A wall element (2) designed as a prefabricated concrete component, for erecting a structure having a wall body with a substantially rectangular base area and four edges, which wall body has an inner shell (4), an outer shell (6) and a core filling (8) there between, in the manner of a sandwich design, wherein

   • the inner shell (4) is manufactured as a reinforced concrete construction and comprises a main reinforcement (18) made of horizontal reinforcing rods (20), each of which extends in parallel to the edges, and vertical reinforcing rods (22), arranged together in the shape of a grid and passing in each case through the inner shell (4) substantially from edge to edge,

   • the ends of the vertical reinforcing rods (22) are provided with connection elements (10) adapted for making a screwed or clamped junction with complementary connection elements (10) of a wall element (2) situated thereabove or therebelow,
   characterized in that

   • there is a plurality of U-bolts (44), each of which bent at right angles and having a straight end (46) and a bent end (48), whose straight ends (46) are cast into the inner shell (4), the respective U-bolt (44) encompassing, in the region of the bend (52), one of the vertical reinforcing rods (22) and projecting with its bent end (48) into the core filling (8), and

   • the outer shell (6) is designed analogously to the inner shell (4).
2. The wall element of claim 1, wherein substantially each of the grid loops of the main reinforcement (18) is associated with one U-bolt (44) projecting into the core filling (8).
3. The wall element (2) of claim 1 or 2, wherein the U-bolt (44) of the inner shell (4) and the U-bolt (44) of the outer shell (6) overlap at their bent ends (48) by pairs and encompass in each case an O-shaped opening (54), through which passes at least one horizontal reinforcing rod (56) as a component of the core reinforcement.
4. The wall element (2) of any of claims 1 to 3, wherein a surface reinforcement (34) extending in parallel to the main reinforcement (18) is provided.
5. The wall element (2) of claim 4, wherein the straight ends (46) of the U-bolt (44) are located between the main reinforcement (18) and the surface reinforcement (34).
6. The wall element (2) of any of claims 1 to 5, wherein U-shaped reinforcing loops (16) projecting laterally from the wall body are cast into the inner shell (4) and into the outer shell (6) to make a connection with laterally adjacent wall elements (2).
7. A compound of several wall elements (2) arranged one beside the other, each of which being designed according to claim 6, wherein the reinforcing loops (16) of immediately adjacent wall elements (2) overlap by pairs in the vertical butt joint (58) and wherein each pair of loops of the inner shell (4) is clamped with a pair of loops of the outer shell (6) by means of a bracket (60).
8. The compound of claim 7, wherein at least one vertical reinforcing rod (62) is arranged in the vertical butt joint (58).
9. A compound of wall elements (2), each of which being designed according to any of claims 1 to 6, wherein wall elements (2) arranged one on top of the other are screwed or clamped together via the connection elements (10).
10. The compound of wall elements (2) of claim 9, wherein horizontal bed joints (68) and vertical butt joints (58) are cast with concrete and/or mortar between the wall elements (2).

Images