EP2911480B1 - Circuit et procédé de surveillance du courant circulant dans des DEL - Google Patents

Circuit et procédé de surveillance du courant circulant dans des DEL Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2911480B1
EP2911480B1 EP15155346.8A EP15155346A EP2911480B1 EP 2911480 B1 EP2911480 B1 EP 2911480B1 EP 15155346 A EP15155346 A EP 15155346A EP 2911480 B1 EP2911480 B1 EP 2911480B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
leds
circuit arrangement
output
transistors
current flow
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP15155346.8A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2911480A3 (fr
EP2911480A2 (fr
Inventor
David GAJDOS
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Zumtobel Lighting GmbH Austria
Original Assignee
Zumtobel Lighting GmbH Austria
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zumtobel Lighting GmbH Austria filed Critical Zumtobel Lighting GmbH Austria
Publication of EP2911480A2 publication Critical patent/EP2911480A2/fr
Publication of EP2911480A3 publication Critical patent/EP2911480A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2911480B1 publication Critical patent/EP2911480B1/fr
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/40—Details of LED load circuits
    • H05B45/44—Details of LED load circuits with an active control inside an LED matrix
    • H05B45/46—Details of LED load circuits with an active control inside an LED matrix having LEDs disposed in parallel lines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/50—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED] responsive to malfunctions or undesirable behaviour of LEDs; responsive to LED life; Protective circuits
    • H05B45/52—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED] responsive to malfunctions or undesirable behaviour of LEDs; responsive to LED life; Protective circuits in a parallel array of LEDs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
    • H05B47/20—Responsive to malfunctions or to light source life; for protection
    • H05B47/23—Responsive to malfunctions or to light source life; for protection of two or more light sources connected in series

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a circuit arrangement with the aid of which the current flow through a string of serially connected LEDs is to be monitored.
  • the invention further relates to a method for monitoring the current flow through series-connected LEDs and a method for operating LEDs.
  • a so-called constant current source which provides the LED arrangement with current of a certain fixed level.
  • the LEDs are then either all connected in series or arranged in a so-called serial-parallel array.
  • This array has a plurality of LED strings connected in parallel, in which in turn a certain number of LEDs are connected in series, the number of LEDs in the different strands connected in parallel being generally identical.
  • a problem with the serial connection of LEDs - in particular in the form of the serial-parallel array mentioned above - is that a defect in individual LEDs can lead to a large imbalance in the current distribution between the different LED strings. Defects in LEDs can on the one hand lead to a short circuit of the corresponding LED, which means that this individual defective LED then fails within the LED string, but the other LEDs continue to be supplied with power and light up. On the other hand, however, LED defects can also lead to a complete interruption, with the result that no current then flows through the corresponding LED string at all can. In this case, the current made available by the constant current source is then distributed to the other LED strands of the arrangement, so that there is an increased current value here. The problem can arise here that the increased current flow in the further LED strings there leads to further LED defects, so that a defect of an individual LED can spread quasi avalanche-like to other LEDs of the arrangement.
  • each LED strand 110 of the serial-parallel array 100 is assigned a current limiter 115, which tries to limit the current to a certain value in the event of an increase in the current of the associated LED strand 110. This is to prevent a greatly excessive current in a single strand 110 from causing a defect in the LEDs 105 located therein.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a novel possibility for monitoring the current flow through an LED string, which is characterized by improved efficiency compared to previously known solutions.
  • the circuit arrangement according to the invention has a resistor connected in series with the LEDs as a sensor element for detecting the current flow, further components being provided to determine or evaluate the current flow through the LED strand on the basis of the voltage drop across the resistor and when a predetermined value is exceeded Output a signal.
  • a circuit arrangement for monitoring the current flow through a strand of series-connected LEDs having a resistor connected in series with the LEDs and further components which are designed to increase the current flow through the LEDs based on the voltage drop across the resistor evaluate and output a signal when a predetermined current value is exceeded, the other components of the circuit arrangement being at least partially several transistors, the signal output when the predetermined current value is exceeded being output by one of the transistors and the circuit arrangement for driving the signal Output transistor has at least two control transistors, which are arranged mirrored to each other, a first control transistor with the input-side connection of the measuring resistor and a second control Tran sistor is connected to the output connection of the measuring resistor.
  • a method for monitoring the current flow through a string of LEDs connected in series is proposed, a measuring resistor connected in series with the LEDs and further components (22) being provided, the current flow through the LEDs from the further components based on the voltage drop across the measuring resistor is evaluated and a signal is output when a predetermined current value is exceeded, and the further components are at least partially a plurality of transistors, the signal output when the predetermined current value is exceeded being output by one of the transistors and for driving the signal output Transistors at least two control transistors are provided, which are arranged mirrored to one another, a first control transistor connected to the input-side connection of the measuring resistor and a second control transistor connected to the output-side connection of the measuring resistor is.
  • the dependent claims relate in particular to measures which relate to the arrangement of the further components of the monitoring circuit arrangement and which are intended to ensure that the desired minimum energy consumption is achieved during normal operation of the LEDs.
  • the signal output is a current flow through a voltage drop or a voltage drop across an output resistor.
  • the second control transistor can be arranged in such a way that it bridges the base-emitter path of the transistor outputting the signal and accordingly accordingly causes the latter to output the corresponding signal at a given time, this signal then, as already mentioned, in a corresponding manner Current flow through or a voltage drop across an output resistor downstream of the transistor.
  • at least one further control transistor can optionally be connected in parallel with the second control transistor, which makes it possible to precisely set the threshold at which the signal is output by the circuit arrangement according to the invention.
  • the circuit arrangement described above is preferably operated here by the forward voltage of some LEDs of the line to be monitored. That is, the control transistors of the arrangement are connected in parallel to some LEDs of the LED string. Accordingly, there is no need for a separate current or voltage source for the monitoring circuit, although as detailed below described - the energy consumption of the circuit arrangement can be kept to a minimum.
  • the monitoring circuit according to the invention is preferably used in an arrangement for operating a plurality of LEDs, the LEDs being connected in series with one another and supplied by a current source and the LEDs being assigned the circuit arrangement according to the invention for monitoring the current flow.
  • it can then be provided in particular that it additionally has a circuit element for bridging, that is to say for short-circuiting the LED strand or for interrupting the power supply for the LEDs, this circuit element then becoming active on the basis of the signal output by the monitoring circuit according to the invention .
  • the concept according to the invention can be used in a serial-parallel LED array.
  • Fig. 1 Shown is an LED string provided with the reference number 10, which therefore has a plurality of LEDs 11 connected in series with one another. These LEDs 11 are usually supplied with current from a constant current source, not shown, which is designed in such a way that a suitable voltage drop and a corresponding current flow are established via the LEDs 11, in which the LEDs 11 can be operated optimally. If, however, the level of the current now rises above a permissible value, which can be the case, for example, in the case of defects in adjacent or parallel LED strings (not shown here), this should be reliably detected with the solution according to the invention and signaled in a corresponding manner .
  • a permissible value which can be the case, for example, in the case of defects in adjacent or parallel LED strings (not shown here)
  • a circuit arrangement 20 for monitoring the current flow which initially has a resistor 21 as a measuring or sensor element for detecting the current flow.
  • the resistor 21 is in turn connected in series with the LEDs 11 of the LED strand 10, so that the current flowing through the resistor 21 also corresponds to the LED current I LED .
  • the resulting voltage drop V R across the measuring resistor 21 thus represents a measure of the magnitude of the current I LED , which is why the circuit arrangement 20 according to the invention additionally has means 22 which evaluate the voltage drop across the measuring resistor 21 and then optionally output a corresponding signal, which provides information about whether there is an impermissibly high current or not.
  • these additional components 22 for evaluating the voltage drop are therefore connected to the input and the output of the measuring resistor 21. At the same time, these components are also connected to an additional connection point within the LED string 10, so that the forward voltage applied via these LEDs can be used as a quasi energy supply source for these components 22. As will be described in more detail below, the energy consumption can be minimized in this way.
  • a measuring resistor 21 with a very low resistance value should be used.
  • V R across the measuring resistor 21 will also be very small and, for example, be in the range of a few millivolts or even less.
  • Fig. 2 One possibility for realizing the means 22 for evaluating the voltage drop, which despite everything enables reliable detection of the exceeding of an intended maximum current, is shown in Fig. 2 shown.
  • the monitoring of the voltage drop via the measuring resistor 21 and the signal output dependent thereon are essentially realized with the aid of four transistors T1 to T4.
  • the last transistor T4 is responsible for the output of the signal, which - as shown - is connected on the input side, ie in the case of the PNP transistor used here, with its emitter connection to the output of the measuring resistor 21.
  • the output of the transistor T4 in the present case the collector connection, is connected to an output resistor R A , the signal output by the transistor T4 in the present case being that in the event that an excessive LED current is present, a small current flow is generated via the resistor R A , which is used as a signal, with the aid of which, for example, a switch 35 can be activated, by which the entire LED strand 10 may be bridged.
  • the control of the transistor T4 outputting the signal takes place with the aid of three control transistors T1, T2 and T3, the first control transistor T1 on the input side with the input connection of the measuring resistor 21 and on the output side via a resistor R 1 with the additional connection point within the LED -Strangs 10 is connected.
  • the base and emitter of this transistor T1 are connected to one another.
  • two further control transistors T2 and T3 are arranged in parallel, which are preferably identical - ie transistor T2 corresponds to transistor T3 - the inputs of which are the same as for transistor T4 with the output of measuring resistor 21 are connected.
  • the outputs of these transistors T2 and T3 are in turn connected via a further resistor R 2 to the connection point in the LED strand 10, but at the same time also to the base of the transistor T4.
  • Vbe 1 V R + Vbe 2nd
  • Vbe1 the base-emitter voltage of the first control transistor T1
  • Vbe2 the base-emitter voltage of the two control transistors T2 and T3.
  • V R is the voltage drop across the measuring resistor 21, which thus represents the difference between the base-emitter voltages of the transistors T1 and T2 (or T3).
  • the values of the measuring resistor 21 and of the further resistors R 1 and R 2 and the transistors are now selected such that the first transistor T1 is blocked in normal operation, ie I LED ⁇ I max , but the two mirrored transistors T2 and T3 are open .
  • current flows through transistors T2 and T3, thereby keeping the base-emitter voltage of transistor T4 low.
  • the transistor T4 is also blocked, that is, there is no current flow through the transistor T4 and, accordingly, no voltage drops across the output resistor R A , which, as already mentioned, the signal for an impermissibly high current corresponds.
  • the first control transistor T1 now has a significantly higher base-emitter voltage Vbe1, which means that current can now flow through this control transistor T1.
  • Vbe1 base-emitter voltage
  • a current flow through the transistors T2 and T3 is now suppressed, which in turn has the consequence that there is also a higher voltage drop between the base and emitter of transistor T4. This opens accordingly and current can now flow through this transistor T4 flow, which is available as a measurable signal at the resistor R A and can be used, for example, to activate the switch 35.
  • the return of the control transistors T1 to T3 via the resistors R 1 and R 2 to the connection point within the LED string 10 is, as already mentioned, necessary so that there is a sufficient voltage drop across the components of the monitoring circuit 22 according to the invention which is necessary for the Operation of the circuit as a whole is required.
  • a point is preferably used here that bridges at least three LEDs 11, since in this case it is ensured that even if one of these LEDs fails, a sufficiently high voltage drop is still available in the area in between.
  • the threshold at which the circuit arrangement switches over such that there is a current flow at the output transistor T4 can be set by the choice of the resistors, in particular the measuring resistor 21, and by the number of second control transistors T2 and T3 connected in parallel. Varying the number of second control transistors makes sense insofar as generally only a limited number of resistors are available for use as measuring resistors, with the switching threshold being fine-tuned in spite of everything by adding additional control transistors can.
  • an advantage of the solution according to the invention is that only a very low voltage drops across the measuring resistor and that only an extremely low current flows through the second control transistors even during normal operation. This results in a negligible influence on the efficiency of the LED string, a further advantage also being that no separate energy supply means are required for the different components and inexpensive elements can be used.
  • Fig. 2 The exemplary embodiment shown could of course also be realized with NPN transistors, which then results in a configuration of the circuit arrangement which is comparable in principle.
  • a MOS transistor or the like could also be used for the transistor T4 outputting the signal.
  • the switch 35 shown could be designed, for example, as a transistor or as a thyristor, the signal output by the circuit of course also being able to be used for other purposes, for example for controlling the power supply source.
  • Fig. 3 finally shows a specific embodiment of the use of the circuit arrangement according to the invention in a serial-parallel LED array.
  • An array is shown with three LED strands 10 connected in parallel, which are supplied by a common constant current source 5.
  • the measuring resistor 21 is connected in series with the third LED strand. This means that if an impermissibly high current flows through this third strand, the corresponding signal is output by the fourth transistor T4 of the monitoring circuit shown.
  • the present invention creates a very simple, cost-effective and energy-efficient way of monitoring the current flow in LED circuit arrangements.

Landscapes

  • Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)
  • Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)
  • Led Devices (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Configuration de circuit (20) pour la surveillance du flux de courant à travers une chaîne (10) de LED (11) branchées en série,
    dans lequel la configuration de circuit (20) comprend une résistance de mesure (21) branchées en série avec les LED (11) ainsi que d'autres composants (22) qui sont conçus pour évaluer le flux de courant à travers les LED (11) à l'aide de la chute de tension dans la résistance de mesure (21) et pour émettre un signal lors du dépassement d'une valeur de courant prédéterminée,
    caractérisée en ce que
    les autres composants (22) de la configuration de circuit (20) sont au moins en partie plusieurs transistors (T1 à T4), dans lequel le signal émis lors du dépassement de la valeur de courant prédéterminée est émis par un des transistors (T4) et la configuration de circuit (20) comprend, pour le contrôle du transistor (T4) émettant le signal, au moins deux transistors de commande (T1, T2), qui sont disposés en miroir l'un par rapport à l'autre, dans lequel un premier transistor de commande (T1) est relié avec la borne côté entrée de la résistance de mesure (21) et un deuxième transistor de commande (T2) est relié avec la borne côté sortie de la résistance de mesure (21).
  2. Configuration de circuit selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisée en ce que
    le signal émis est un flux de courant resp. une chute de tension à travers une résistance de sortie (RA).
  3. Configuration de circuit selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
    caractérisée en ce que
    au moins un autre transistor de commande (T3) est branché parallèlement au deuxième transistor de commande (T2).
  4. Configuration de circuit selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisée en ce que
    le ou les deuxièmes transistors de commande (T2, T3) court-circuitent la portion base-émetteur du transistor (T4) émettant le signal.
  5. Configuration de circuit selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisée en ce que
    celle-ci est commandée par la tension aller de certaines des LED (11) de la chaîne de LED (10).
  6. Configuration pour la commande de plusieurs LED (11), dans laquelle les LED (11) sont branchées en série et sont alimentées par une source de courant (5), dans laquelle la configuration comprend une configuration de circuit (20) pour la surveillance du flux de courant selon l'une des revendications précédentes.
  7. Configuration selon la revendication 6,
    caractérisée en ce que
    celle-ci comprend un élément de commutation (35) pour le court-circuitage des LED (11) resp. pour l'interruption de l'alimentation en courant pour les LED (11), dans laquelle l'élément de commutation est contrôlé par la configuration de circuit (20).
  8. Configuration selon la revendication 6 ou 7,
    caractérisée en ce que
    les LED (11) sont branchées dans une matrice série-parallèle.
  9. Configuration selon la revendication 8,
    caractérisée en ce que
    à une des chaînes de LED (10) correspond la configuration de circuit (20) pour la surveillance du flux de courant.
  10. Procédé de surveillance du flux de courant à travers une chaîne (10) de LED (11) branchées en série,
    dans lequel une résistance de mesure (21) branchée en série avec les LED (11) ainsi que d'autres composants (22) sont prévus, et
    dans lequel le flux de courant à travers les LED (11) est évalué par les autres composants (22) à l'aide de la chute de tension dans la résistance de mesure (21) et un signal est émis lors du dépassement d'une valeur de courant prédéterminée,
    caractérisée en ce que
    les autres composants (22) sont au moins en partie plusieurs transistors (T1 à T4), dans lequel le signal émis lors du dépassement de la valeur de courant prédéterminée est émis par un des transistors (T4) et, pour le contrôle du transistor (T4) émettant le signal, sont prévus au moins deux transistors de commande (T1, T2), qui sont disposés en miroir l'un par rapport à l'autre, dans lequel un premier transistor de commande (T1) est relié avec la borne côté entrée de la résistance de mesure (21) et un deuxième transistor de commande (T2) est relié avec la borne côté sortie de la résistance de mesure (21).
  11. Procédé de commande de LED (11), dans lequel les LED (11) sont branchées en série et sont alimentées par une source de courant (5) et dans lequel le flux de courant est surveillé par les LED (11) avec le procédé selon la revendication 10.
  12. Procédé selon la revendication 11,
    caractérisé en ce que
    à l'aide du signal émis, l'alimentation en courant des LED (11) est coupée resp. les LED (11) sont court-circuitées.
  13. Procédé selon la revendication 10 ou 11,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les LED (11) sont disposées dans une matrice série-parallèle.
EP15155346.8A 2014-02-19 2015-02-17 Circuit et procédé de surveillance du courant circulant dans des DEL Active EP2911480B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014203007.2A DE102014203007A1 (de) 2014-02-19 2014-02-19 Schaltungsanordnung und Verfahren zum Überwachen des Stromflusses durch LEDs

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2911480A2 EP2911480A2 (fr) 2015-08-26
EP2911480A3 EP2911480A3 (fr) 2015-11-18
EP2911480B1 true EP2911480B1 (fr) 2020-05-06

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15155346.8A Active EP2911480B1 (fr) 2014-02-19 2015-02-17 Circuit et procédé de surveillance du courant circulant dans des DEL

Country Status (3)

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EP (1) EP2911480B1 (fr)
AT (1) AT15257U1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102014203007A1 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19802895A1 (de) * 1998-01-21 1999-07-22 Siemens Ag Schaltung zum Betreiben eines LED-Leuchtzeichens
DE10131824B4 (de) * 2001-06-30 2011-09-29 Hella Kgaa Hueck & Co. Schaltungseinrichtung für die Ausfallerkennung von Leuchtdioden in einem Kraftfahrzeug
DE10236862B4 (de) * 2002-08-12 2008-10-02 Hella Kgaa Hueck & Co. Schaltungsanordnung zur Stromversorgung und zum Steuern von Leuchtdiodenanordnungen, insbesondere in Fahrzeugleuchten
DE102004027676B4 (de) * 2004-04-30 2006-06-14 Siemens Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Prüfen wenigstens eines LED-Strangs
US7301447B2 (en) * 2005-04-13 2007-11-27 Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. LED turn signal and error detecting method
US7880404B2 (en) * 2008-01-25 2011-02-01 Micrel, Inc. Controlling current through serial LEDs using a low voltage transistor when using a high voltage driver
JP5449842B2 (ja) * 2009-04-23 2014-03-19 株式会社小糸製作所 車両用灯具の点灯制御装置
US10264637B2 (en) * 2009-09-24 2019-04-16 Cree, Inc. Solid state lighting apparatus with compensation bypass circuits and methods of operation thereof
WO2012077013A2 (fr) * 2010-12-08 2012-06-14 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Circuit de commande pour des lampes à del dans des applications automobiles
JP5942314B2 (ja) * 2011-02-22 2016-06-29 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 点灯装置および、これを用いた照明器具
US8710754B2 (en) * 2011-09-12 2014-04-29 Juno Manufacturing Llc Dimmable LED light fixture having adjustable color temperature
US8933647B2 (en) * 2012-07-27 2015-01-13 Infineon Technologies Ag LED controller with current-ripple control

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2911480A3 (fr) 2015-11-18
EP2911480A2 (fr) 2015-08-26
AT15257U1 (de) 2017-04-15
DE102014203007A1 (de) 2015-08-20

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