EP2908187A1 - Adjustment of a clock piece resonator by changing the active length of a hairspring - Google Patents

Abstract

A method of maintaining and regulating a clock resonator (1) around its natural frequency (É0). A regulating device (2) acts on said resonator (1) with a periodic movement which imposes a periodic modulation at least of the resonance frequency of said resonator (1), by imposing at least one modulation of the active length of a spring that comprises said resonator mechanism (1), with a control frequency (ER) which is between 0.9 times and 1.1 times the value of an integer multiple of said eigenfrequency (E0), said integer being greater than or equal to 2.

Description

Field of the invention

The invention relates to a method for maintaining and regulating a clock resonator mechanism around its natural frequency.

The invention also relates to a clockwork movement comprising at least one resonator mechanism comprising at least one balance-sprung assembly, the spiral of which is held between a stud at a first outer end and a ferrule at a second internal end.

The invention also relates to a timepiece comprising at least one such watch movement.

The invention relates to the field of time bases in mechanical watchmaking, in particular based on a spiral balance resonator mechanism.

Background of the invention

The search for improved performance of watch time bases is a constant concern.

An important limitation to the chronometric performance of mechanical watches is the use of conventional impulse exhausts, and no escape solution has ever been able to avoid this type of disturbance.

Summary of the invention

The invention proposes to manufacture a time base as accurate as possible.

For this purpose, the invention relates to a method of maintaining and regulating a clock resonator mechanism around its natural frequency, characterized in that at least one regulating device acting on said resonator mechanism with a periodic movement, characterized in that said periodic movement imposes a periodic modulation at least of the resonance frequency of said resonator mechanism, by imposing at least one modulation of the active length of a spring that includes said mechanism resonator with a control frequency which is between 0.9 times and 1.1 times the value of an integer multiple of said natural frequency, said integer being greater than or equal to 2.

The invention also relates to a clockwork movement comprising at least one resonator mechanism comprising at least one balance-sprung assembly, the spiral of which is held between a stud at a first external end and a ferrule at a second internal end, characterized in that it comprises at least one said regulating device controlling a periodic variation of the active length of said hairspring.

The invention also relates to a timepiece comprising at least one such watch movement.

Brief description of the drawings

• la figure 1 représente, de façon schématisée, un diapason avec deux balanciers-spiraux attachés l'un à l'autre ;
• la figure 2 représente, de façon schématisée, un spiral équipé d'un mécanisme de raquetterie à deux goupilles, avec une raquette pivotante entre deux positions de contact différentes où les deux goupilles que porte cette raquette viennent pincer la spire externe du spiral, pour varier de façon discrète la longueur active du spiral ;
• la figure 3 représente, de façon schématisée, un spiral équipé d'un mécanisme de raquetterie à deux goupilles, ce spiral étant porteur d'une structure comportant un logement conçu pour recevoir au moins une des deux goupilles, ou bien les deux goupilles, cette structure solidaire du spiral étant agencée pour se verrouiller avec les goupilles, pour varier de façon discrète la longueur active du spiral ;
• la figure 4 représente, de façon schématisée, un spiral équipé d'un mécanisme de raquetterie à deux goupilles, avec un système bielle-manivelle pour actionner un déplacement continu de la raquette, pour une variation continue de la longueur active du spiral;
• la figure 5 représente, de façon schématisée, un spiral sur lequel appuie une came, pour une variation continue de la longueur active du spiral ;
• la figure 6 représente, de façon schématisée, un spiral pincé, au voisinage de son piton, par deux lames flexibles, et positionnées de part et d'autre du spiral au voisinage du piton, et qui viennent pincer sa courbe terminale, pour une variation continue de la longueur active du spiral ;
• la figure 7 représente une variante de la figure 6 où le système de guidage flexible actionne les deux lames flexibles à partir d'un seul déplacement, pour une variation continue de la longueur active du spiral ;
• la figure 8 représente, de façon schématisée, un mécanisme résonateur comportant un ensemble balancier-spiral, dont le spiral est maintenu entre un piton à une première extrémité externe et une virole à une deuxième extrémité interne, et un dispositif régulateur commandant une variation périodique de la longueur active du spiral;
• la figure 9 représente, sous forme d'un schéma-blocs, une montre comportant un mouvement mécanique avec un mécanisme résonateur régulé selon l'invention ;
• la figure 10 montre une variante de la figure 4, où l'une des goupilles est à l'extrémité extérieure d'un premier résonateur à fréquence double, qui effectue le couplage ;
• la figure 11 montre le principe de la modification de la longueur active du spiral par un autre résonateur à fréquence double, et où au moins une des goupilles est située sur un balancier.

Other features and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the detailed description which follows, with reference to the appended drawings, in which:

• the figure 1 schematically represents a tuning fork with two spiral pendulums attached to each other;
• the figure 2 represents, schematically, a hairspring equipped with a double-pinned racking mechanism, with a racket pivoting between two different contact positions where the two pins that this racket carries pinch the outer turn of the hairspring, to vary in a discrete manner the active length of the hairspring;
• the figure 3 schematically represents a hairspring equipped with a double-pinned racking mechanism, this hairspring carrying a structure comprising a housing designed to receive at least one of the two pins, or the two pins, this structure integral with the spiral being arranged to lock with the pins, to discreetly vary the active length of the hairspring;
• the figure 4 schematically shows a hairspring equipped with a two-pin reel mechanism, with a crank-handle system to actuate a continuous movement of the racket, for a continuous variation of the active length of the hairspring;
• the figure 5 represents, schematically, a hairspring on which a cam is supported, for a continuous variation of the active length of the hairspring;
• the figure 6 represents, schematically, a pinch spring, in the vicinity of its peak, by two flexible blades, and positioned on either side of the spiral in the vicinity of the peak, and which pinch its terminal curve, for a continuous variation of the active length of the hairspring;
• the figure 7 represents a variant of the figure 6 wherein the flexible guide system actuates the two flexible blades from a single motion, for a continuous variation of the active length of the hairspring;
• the figure 8 schematically represents a resonator mechanism comprising a balance spring-balance, whose spiral is held between a stud at a first outer end and a ferrule at a second inner end, and a regulating device controlling a periodic variation of the active length spiral;
• the figure 9 represents, in the form of a block diagram, a watch comprising a mechanical movement with a regulated resonator mechanism according to the invention;
• the figure 10 shows a variant of the figure 4 where one of the pins is at the outer end of a first dual frequency resonator, which performs the coupling;
• the figure 11 shows the principle of changing the active length of the hairspring by another double frequency resonator, and where at least one of the pins is located on a pendulum.

Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments

The object of the invention is to manufacture a time base to make a mechanical timepiece, including a mechanical watch, as accurate as possible.

One way of doing this is to associate different resonators, either directly or via the exhaust.

To overcome the instability factor related to the escape mechanism, a parametric resonator system reduces the influence of the exhaust and thus make the watch more accurate.

A parametric oscillator according to the invention uses, for the maintenance of the oscillations, a parametric actuation which consists of varying one of the parameters of the oscillator with a regulation frequency ωR which is between 0.9 times and 1.1 times the value of a integer multiple of the natural frequency of the oscillator system to be regulated, said integer being greater than or equal to 2. This control frequency ωR is preferably multiple integer, in particular double, of the natural frequency ω0.

By convention and in order to distinguish them well, here is called "regulator" 2 the oscillator which serves for the maintenance and regulation of the other system maintained, which is called "the resonator" 1.

où T est l'énergie cinétique et V l'énergie potentielle et l'inertie I(t), la rigidité k(t) et la position de repos x ₀(t) dudit résonateur sont une fonction périodique du temps. x est la coordonnée généralisée du résonateur.The Lagrangian L of a parametric resonator of dimension 1 is: $$\mathrm{The}=T-V=\frac{1}{2}I\left(t\right){\dot{x}}^2-\frac{1}{2}k\left(t\right){\left[x-x_0\left(\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="t"\; filenames="imgf0001.png,imgf0002.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">t</figure-callout>}\right)\right]}^2$$

where T is the kinetic energy and V the potential energy and the inertia I ( t ), the stiffness k (t) and the rest position x ₀ ( t ) of said resonator are a periodic function of time. x is the generalized coordinate of the resonator.

où le coefficient de la dérivée du premier ordre en x est : $$\gamma \left(t\right)=\left[\beta \left(t\right)+\dot{I}\left(t\right)\right]/I\left(t\right),$$

β(t) > 0 étant le terme décrivant les pertes, et où le coefficient du terme d'ordre nul dépend de la fréquence du résonateur $\omega \left(t\right)=\sqrt{k\left(t\right)/I\left(t\right)}\mathrm{.}$

La fonction f(t) prend la valeur 0 dans le cas d'un oscillateur non-forcé.The equation of the forced and damped parametric resonator is obtained by the Lagrange equation for the Lagrangian L by adding a forcing f (t) and a Langevin force taking into account the dissipative mechanisms: $$\frac{{\partial }^{2}x}{{\partial }^{2}t}+\gamma \left(t\right)\frac{\partial x}{\partial t}+{\omega }^2\left(t\right)\left[x-x_0\left(t\right)\right]=f\left(t\right)$$

where the coefficient of the first-order derivative in x is: $$\gamma \left(t\right)=\left[\beta \left(t\right)+\dot{I}\left(t\right)\right]/I\left(t\right),$$

β ( t )> 0 being the term describing the losses, and where the coefficient of the zero-order term depends on the frequency of the resonator $\omega \left(t\right)=\sqrt{k\left(t\right)/I\left(t\right)}\mathrm{.}$

The function f ( t ) takes the value 0 in the case of a non-forced oscillator.

This function f (t) can, again, be a periodic function, or be representative of a Dirac type pulse.

The invention consists in varying, by the action of a maintenance oscillator or regulator, the active length and therefore the rigidity k (t) of said resonator (1) with a control frequency which is between 0.9 times and 1.1 times the value of an integer multiple of the natural frequency ω 0 of the oscillator system to be regulated, this integer being greater than or equal to 2.

In a particular embodiment, the regulation frequency ωR is an integer multiple, in particular double, of the natural frequency ω0 of the resonator system to be regulated.

In an alternative version, in addition to the rigidity of the resonator (1), all the terms β (t), I (t) and x ₀ (t) vary with a regulation frequency ωR which is preferably an integer multiple, especially double, the natural frequency ω0 of the resonator system to be regulated.

Generally, the maintenance oscillator or regulator, in addition to the modulation of the parametric terms, also introduces a non-parametric maintenance term f (t) , the amplitude of which is negligible once the parametric regime is reached [WB Case, The pumping of a swing from the standing position, Am. J. Phys. 64, 215 (1996)].

Alternatively, the forcing term f (t) may be introduced by a second maintenance mechanism.

The parameters of this equation are the frequency and the term of β friction. The quality factor of the oscillator is defined by Q = ω / β.

avec L la longueur du pendule, et g l'attraction de la pesanteur.To better understand the phenomenon, we can approach the example of a pendulum whose length is varied. In that case, $${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="\omega "\; filenames="imgf0001.png,imgf0002.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\omega </figure-callout>}}^2=\frac{\mathrm{boy\; Wut}}{\mathrm{The}}$$

with L the length of the pendulum, and g the attraction of gravity.

In this particular example, if the length L is modulated in time periodically with a frequency 2ω and a modulation amplitude δL sufficient (ôL / L> 2β / ω), the system oscillates at the frequency ω without amortizing.

[D. Rugar and P. Grutter, Mechanical parametric amplification and thermomechanical noise squeezing, PRL 67, 699 (1991), AH Nayfeh and DT Mook, Nonlinear Oscillations, Wiley-Interscience, (1977)].

The principle may be reproduced, in particular but not exclusively, in a timepiece or a watch which comprises a mechanical resonator with a balance-spring, with one end of the spring attached to a ferrule integral with the balance, and the other end attached to a piton.

The parametric maintenance of such a balance spring-balance system can in particular be achieved by making this stud mobile, periodically.

The oscillation can be maintained and the accuracy of the system is notoriously improved.

The particular choice of a frequency of an excitation oscillator at twice the frequency of the system which one wants to stabilize in regularity of oscillation makes it possible to carry out the modulation on a complete alternation, and to obtain a null damping or negative.

The industrialization of such parametric oscillator systems is related to two essential functions: energy supply and metering.

These two functions can be separated, as illustrated by the figure 1 , using a tuning fork with two spiral pendants attached to each other, where one oscillating at a frequency 2ω is linked to the escapement, and the other oscillating at a frequency ω is linked to the count. This figure 1 illustrates the general principle of the invention of harmonic oscillator regulation. The particular object of the invention, which relates to the modulation of the active length of a spring that comprises a resonator mechanism, is illustrated by the other figures.

It is still possible to favor a modification of the friction losses in the air, rather than to oscillate the frequency term (which corresponds, for the spiral balance case, to vary the inertia or rigidity), or to modify the inertia of the pendulum by an imbalance.

For maximum efficiency, the maintenance is advantageously carried out with an integer multiple frequency, in particular double, of the frequency of the maintained resonator. The mechanical means of maintenance can take different forms.

Thus, the invention relates to a method for maintaining and regulating a clock resonator mechanism 1 around its natural frequency ω0.

According to the invention, at least one regulating device 2 acting on said resonator mechanism 1 is used with a periodic movement.

And this periodic movement imposes a periodic modulation at least of the resonance frequency of the resonator mechanism 1, with a regulation frequency ωR which is between 0.9 times and 1.1 times the value of an integer multiple of the natural frequency ω0, this integer being greater than or equal to 2.

In a particular variant of the invention, the periodic movement imposes a periodic modulation at least of the resonant frequency, and the quality factor and / or the rest point, of said resonator mechanism 1, with a regulation frequency ωR which is between 0.9 times and 1.1 times the value of an integer multiple of the natural frequency ω0, this integer being greater than or equal to 2.

Advantageously, the periodic movement imposes a periodic modulation of the resonance frequency of the resonator mechanism 1, acting at least on the rigidity of the resonator mechanism 1.

In a particular variant, the periodic movement imposes a periodic modulation of the resonance frequency of the resonator mechanism 1, by imposing a modulation of the rigidity of the resonator mechanism 1 and an inertia modulation of the resonator mechanism 1.

In particular, when the resonator mechanism 1 comprises at least one return means constituted by a spring or the like, the periodic movement imposes a periodic modulation of the resonance frequency of the resonator mechanism 1, by imposing at least one modulation of the active length a spring that includes the resonator mechanism 1.

In a particular variant, the periodic movement imposes a periodic modulation of the resonance frequency of the resonator mechanism 1, by imposing at least one modulation of the active length of a spring that the resonator mechanism 1 comprises, and / or a modulation of the section of a spring that includes the resonator mechanism 1, and / or a modulation of the modulus of elasticity of a return means that comprises the resonator mechanism 1, and / or a modulation of the shape of a return means that has the resonator mechanism 1.

The invention, as illustrated, relates more particularly to the regulation of a clock resonator with action on the active length of a hairspring.

The present invention consists in varying the active length of the hairspring, and therefore its rigidity.

The limitation of the active length of a hairspring is known by the use of a pinning mechanism, comprising a racket carrying two pins between which the hairspring passes, the limitation of the active length resulting from the contact of the hairspring with at least one of these pins.

• de manière binaire : le spiral peut avoir deux longueurs utiles, sans état intermédiaire ;
• de manière continue.

The active length of the hairspring can be varied:

• in a binary way: the hairspring can have two useful lengths, without intermediate state;
• continuously.

To vary the active length of the hairspring in a binary manner, a first simple solution is to arrange the pair of racket pins so as to pivot between two different contact positions where the two pins pinch the outer turn of the hairspring to vary the length active, as visible on the figure 2 . (This also gives rise to a slight rotation of the hairspring which can help the self-starting, in this case, the active length is varied in a binary manner and the rest point is modified, so two parameters).

A second solution is to equip the hairspring of a structure having a housing adapted to receive at least one pin, or the two pins if the racket has two, this integral structure of the hairspring locks with the pins, as visible on the figure 3 . This variation is binary. It is also possible to change the active length, according to a similar principle, in a number of steps defined by as many non-locking elastic notches on the turn, each arranged to cooperate, or with a single pin, or with a couple of pins classic. Such a structure is known from the document EP 2 434 353 in the name of MONTRES BREGUET SA.

To vary the active length of the spiral continuously, a third solution visible on the figure 4 consists in equipping the mechanism with a crank-handle system for actuating the racket, as visible on the figure 4 , where the two pins 11 of the racket 12 each describe an arc, thus changing the active length continuously.

A fourth solution allows the variation of the active length continuously with a cam, as visible on the figure 5 . Unlike the previous solutions, the prestressing of the hairspring and the radial position of the counting point also vary over time.

A fifth solution is to vary the active length of the spiral continuously with two flexible blades, positioned on either side of the spiral in the vicinity of the peak, and which pinch its terminal curve, as visible on the figure 6 . A flexible guide system can actuate the two blades from a single movement, as visible on the figure 7 ; in this variant the blades 15 can be elastic or rigid, their ends opposite the pin can be held by springs.

Some of these mechanisms can be combined with each other, for example and not Figures 2 and 6 , Figures 2 and 3 , Figures 2 and 4 , or even Figures 4 and 6 , or others. In particular, magnets can be advantageously used to vary the active length of the hairspring.

These mechanisms can, again, be combined with a mechanism for modifying the rigidity of the hairspring, such as a rotating mobile equipped with magnets at its periphery and cooperating periodically with a magnet placed on the end curve of the hairspring, or other.

Similarly, layers or electrostatic elements may be implemented to vary the active length of the hairspring. It is even conceivable, in a hybrid system environment, to be able to modify the rigidity of a hairspring by covering it partially or completely with a piezoelectric layer activated by a small electronic module.

A parametric escapement with a connecting rod-crank system makes it possible to periodically move the racket pin or pins, or the racket itself, or such flexible blades.

It is not essential to have a sinusoidal excitation, the excitation at double the frequency can be carried out by a periodic multi-frequency signal, that is to say a superposition of sinusoidal signals, or by a signal square (step-function). In a particular embodiment, a superposition of sinusoidal signals is performed whose frequencies are even multiples of the frequency of the resonator.

The maintenance regulator does not need to be very precise: its possible lack of precision only results in a loss of amplitude, but without variation of the frequency (except of course if this frequency is very variable, which is to be avoided). In fact, these two oscillators, maintenance regulator and resonator maintained, are not coupled, but one maintains the other, one-way.

In a preferred embodiment, there is no coupling spring between these two oscillators.

It is well understood that the invention differs from the coupled oscillators known elsewhere: indeed, it is not desired, in the implementation of the invention, reversibility of energy transfer between two oscillators, but rather, as far as possible a one-way energy transfer from one oscillator to the other.

In a particular variant of the invention, a continuous and monotonous displacement of the rest-count is also performed.

Thus, the invention relates to a method of regulating a clock resonator mechanism 1 around its natural frequency ω0. This method implements at least one regulator device 2 imposing a periodic variation of the active length of said resonator 1.

According to the invention, the periodic movement is printed with a control frequency which is between 0.9 times and 1.1 times the value of an integer multiple of said natural frequency, this integer being greater than or equal to 2.

According to the invention, this method is applied to a resonator mechanism 1 comprising at least one balance-hairspring assembly 3, the hairspring 4 of which is held between a peg 5 at a first external end 6 and a shell 7 at a second internal end 8 and at least one regulating device 2 is operated by controlling a periodic variation of the active length of the hairspring 4.

In a preferred implementation, the regulation frequency ωR is twice the natural frequency ω0.

The present description presents below various variants described with a racket having two pins on either side of the hairspring, according to a conventional arrangement, which constitute an advantageous embodiment, but which is not limiting. In particular it is perfectly possible to use a single pin to change the useful length of the hairspring. Only achievements with two pins are illustrated by the figures.

In a first embodiment of the method, the resonator mechanism 1 is equipped with a racking mechanism comprising at least one racquet pin 11, and the length of the spiral 4 is varied in a discrete manner or in a binary manner, according to two lengths without intermediate state between the two lengths.

In a first variant of this first mode, the racking mechanism is equipped with a pivoting racket 12 comprising at least one racquet pin 11, in particular two racket pins 11, and the periodic pivoting of the racket 12 is controlled to periodically change. the points of contact between at least one said pin 11, more particularly the pins 11, and the hairspring 4 to modify the useful length of the hairspring 4.

In a second variant of this first mode, the hairspring 4 is equipped with a structure 13 comprising a housing 130 designed to receive at least one such pin 11, or two pins 11, and at least one pin 11 is moved to accommodate it. in the structure 13 secured to the hairspring 4, which locks with the pin or pins 11.

In a second embodiment of the method, the length of the spiral 4 is varied continuously.

In a first variant of this second mode, the resonator mechanism 1 is equipped with a racking mechanism with a racket 12 comprising at least one racket pin 11, in particular two racket pins 11, and a regulating device 2 comprising a racket 11 is used. crank-crank system for continuously operating the racket 12 and move it.

In a second variant of this second mode, a regulating device 2 comprising a cam 14 is used to continuously modify the useful length of the hairspring 4 by modifying the position along the hairspring 4 of the point of contact between the cam 14 and the hairspring 4. .

In a third variant of this second mode, a regulating device 2 is used comprising two flexible blades 15 arranged on either side of the hairspring 4, and the flexible blades 15 are supported on the hairspring 4 according to a contact arc 16 of length continuously variable with the end curve 17 of the hairspring 4. More particularly, using a regulating device 2 having a flexible guiding system for actuating the two flexible blades 15 from a single movement.

Other variants of implementation of the invention are still possible. It is in particular possible to modify the active length of the hairspring 4 by its center, rather than by its periphery. Or to act on the intermediate turns of the spiral, for example by using coupling mechanisms of turns between them as used in the anti-gallop systems described by EP2434353 in the name of WATCHES BREGUET SA, or any other system allowing to stiffen a portion of variable length of turn.

The figure 10 still shows a variant of the figure 4 at least one of the pins is at the outer end of a first frequency resonator double, which performs the coupling. Oscillators can, again, advantageously be superimposed.

The figure 11 shows the principle of changing the active length of the hairspring by another double frequency resonator, and where at least one of the pins is located on a pendulum. Here again, the systems can be superimposed.

The variants described here are not limiting, since one can imagine the integration of all types of resonators, beams, flexible guides, or others.

Advantageously, the relative amplitude of the modulation of the natural frequency of the spring balance 3 is greater than the inverse of the quality factor of this balance-spring 3.

The active length of the spring, in particular of the hairspring, may, again, be modified by a local modification of the rigidity of the spring, in particular of the hairspring, obtained by the use of magnets and / or electrostatic component layers, in particular electrets. .

The invention also relates to a watchmaking movement comprising at least one watchmaking resonator mechanism comprising at least one balance-spring assembly 3, the spiral 4 of which is held between a stud 5 at a first external end 6 and a ferrule 7 at a second internal end 8. This movement 10 comprises at least one regulating device 2 controlling a periodic variation of the active length of the hairspring 4.

In a variant, this movement 10 comprises a racquet racket pin mechanism 11 comprising a pivoting racket 12 comprising at least one racquet pin 11, in particular two racquet pins 11, and the regulating device 2 controls the periodic pivoting of the racket. 12 to periodically change the contact points between at least one pin 11 and the hairspring 4 to modify the useful length of the hairspring 4.

In another variant, this movement 10 comprises a racking mechanism comprising at least one racket pin 11, in particular two racket pins 11, and the hairspring 4 comprises a structure 13 comprising a housing 130 designed to receive at least one pin 11, or the two pins 11 if the racket has two, and the regulating device 2 controls the periodic movement of at least one of the pins 11 for the housed in the structure 13 secured to the hairspring 4, which locks with at least one pin 11.

In a variant, this movement 10 comprises a racket racking mechanism 11 comprising a racket 12 comprising at least one racquet pin 11, in particular two racquet pins 11, and the regulating device 2 comprises a crank-handle system for actuating continuously racket 12 and move it.

In a variant, this movement 10 comprises a regulating device 2 comprising a cam 14 to continuously modify the useful length of the hairspring 4 by modifying the position along the hairspring 4 of the point of contact between the cam 14 and the hairspring 4.

In a variant, this movement 10 comprises a regulating device 2 comprising two flexible blades 15 arranged on either side of the hairspring 4, and which presses on the hairspring 4 the flexible blades 15 in a contact arc 16 of continuously variable length with the end curve 17 of the hairspring 4. More particularly, this regulator device 2 comprises a flexible guiding system for actuating the two flexible blades 15 from a single movement.

The invention also relates to a timepiece 30 comprising at least one such watch movement 10.

Claims (22)

Method for the maintenance and regulation of a clock-based resonator mechanism (1) around its natural frequency (ω0), characterized in that at least one regulating device (2) acting on said resonator mechanism ( 1) with a periodic movement, characterized in that said periodic movement imposes a periodic modulation at least of the resonant frequency of said resonator mechanism (1), by imposing at least one modulation of the active length of a spring that includes said mechanism resonator (1), with a control frequency (ωR) which is between 0.9 times and 1.1 times the value of an integer multiple of said natural frequency (ω0), said integer being greater than or equal to 2. Method according to the preceding claim, characterized in that said periodic movement imposes a periodic modulation of the resonant frequency of said resonator mechanism (1), again imposing a modulation of the section of a spring that comprises said resonator mechanism (1) and / or a modulation of the modulus of elasticity of a return means that comprises said resonator mechanism (1) and / or a modulation of the shape of a return means that comprises said resonator mechanism (1). Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is applied to a said resonator mechanism (1) comprising at least one balance-spiral assembly (3) comprising a spiral (4) held between a peak (5) at a first outer end (6) and a ferrule (7) at a second inner end (8), and in that at least one said regulating device (2) is actuated by controlling a periodic variation of the active length of said spiral (4). Method according to claim 3, characterized in that said resonator mechanism (1) is equipped with a racking mechanism with at least one racket pin (11), and said length of said hairspring (4) is varied. discretely or binary way, according to two lengths without intermediate state between said two lengths. Method according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the said racking mechanism is equipped with a racket (12) pivoting carrying at least one racket pin (11), and that the periodic pivoting of said racket ( 12) to periodically change the points of contact between said at least one pin (11) and said hairspring (4) for changing the active length of said hairspring (4). Method according to claim 4, characterized in that said hairspring (4) is equipped with a structure (13) comprising a housing (130) designed to receive at least one said pin (11), and in that one moves at least one said pin (11) for housing it in said structure (13) integral with said hairspring (4), which locks with said at least one pin (11). Method according to claim 3, characterized in that the active length of said spiral (4) is varied continuously. Method according to the preceding claim, characterized in that said resonator mechanism (1) is equipped with a racking mechanism comprising a racket (12) carrying at least one racket pin (11), and that a said regulating device (2) comprising a crank-handle system for continuously operating said racket (12) and moving it. Method according to Claim 7, characterized in that a said regulating device (2) comprising a cam (14) is used to continuously modify the useful length of the said spiral (4) by modifying the position along the said spiral (4) of the point of contact between said cam (14) and said spring (4). A method according to claim 7, characterized in that one said regulating device (2) having two flexible blades (15) arranged on either side of said spiral (4), and that supports said flexible blades (15). ) according to a contact arc (16) of continuously variable length with the end curve (17) of said spiral (4). Method according to the preceding claim, characterized in that one uses said regulating device (2) comprising a flexible guiding system for actuating the two said flexible blades (15) from a single movement. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that electrostatic and / or electrostatic magnets and / or electrostatic components are used for local modification of the rigidity of said spring causing a modification of the active length of said spring. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said regulation frequency (ωR) is twice that of said natural frequency (ω0). Movement (10) comprising at least one clock-resonator mechanism (1) comprising at least one balance-spiral assembly (3), the spiral (4) of which is held between a stud (5) at a first outer end (6) and a ferrule (7) at a second internal end (8), characterized in that said movement (10) comprises at least one said regulating device (2) arranged to control a periodic variation of the active length of said spiral (4) with a regulation frequency (ωR) which is between 0.9 times and 1.1 times the value of an integer multiple of said natural frequency (ω0), said integer being greater than or equal to 2. Movement (10) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that it comprises a racking mechanism with at least one racket pin (11) comprising a racket (12) pivoting carrying said at least one racket pin (11), and in that said regulating device (2) controls the periodic pivoting of said racket (12) to periodically change the points of contact of at least one said pin (11) and said spring (4) to modify the useful length of said hairspring (4). ). Movement (10) according to claim 14, characterized in that it comprises a racking mechanism with at least one racket pin (11), and in that said hairspring (4) comprises a structure (13) comprising a housing ( 14) adapted to receive at least one said pin (11), and in that said regulating device (2) controls the periodic displacement of at least one said pin (11) to accommodate it in said structure (13) integral with said spring (4), which locks with said pin (11). Movement (10) according to claim 14, characterized in that it comprises a racking mechanism with at least one racquet pin (11) comprising a racket (12) carrying said at least one racquet pin (11), and in that said regulating device (2) comprises a crank-handle system for continuously operating said racket (12) and moving it. Movement (10) according to claim 14, characterized in that it comprises a regulating device (2) comprising a cam (14) for continuously modifying the useful length of said hairspring (4) by modifying the position along said hairspring (4). ) of the point of contact between said cam (14) and said hairspring (4). Movement (10) according to claim 14, characterized in that it comprises a regulating device (2) comprising two flexible blades (15) arranged on either side of said hairspring (4), and which presses on said hairspring (4) said flexible blades (15) in a contact arc (16) of continuously variable length with the end curve (17) of said hairspring ( 4) Movement (10) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that said regulating device (2) comprises a flexible guide system for actuating the two said flexible blades (15) from a single movement. Movement (10) according to claim 17, characterized in that said regulating device (2) comprises a flexible guide system for actuating said two flexible blades (15) from a single movement. Timepiece (30) comprising at least one movement according to one of Claims 14 to 21.

Images