EP2897772B1 - Moule destiné à former des tuiles et similaires - Google Patents

Moule destiné à former des tuiles et similaires Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2897772B1
EP2897772B1 EP13801720.7A EP13801720A EP2897772B1 EP 2897772 B1 EP2897772 B1 EP 2897772B1 EP 13801720 A EP13801720 A EP 13801720A EP 2897772 B1 EP2897772 B1 EP 2897772B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
block
plate
seat
mould according
mould
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP13801720.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2897772A1 (fr
Inventor
Paola Martinelli
Stefano Cassani
Emanuele COSTETTI
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Martinelli Ettore Srl
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Martinelli Ettore Srl
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Martinelli Ettore Srl filed Critical Martinelli Ettore Srl
Publication of EP2897772A1 publication Critical patent/EP2897772A1/fr
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Publication of EP2897772B1 publication Critical patent/EP2897772B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/02—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
    • B28B3/04—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form with one ram per mould
    • B28B3/06—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form with one ram per mould with two or more ram and mould sets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/003—Pressing by means acting upon the material via flexible mould wall parts, e.g. by means of inflatable cores, isostatic presses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
    • B30B15/02—Dies; Inserts therefor; Mounting thereof; Moulds
    • B30B15/026—Mounting of dies, platens or press rams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B5/00—Presses characterised by the use of pressing means other than those mentioned in the preceding groups
    • B30B5/02—Presses characterised by the use of pressing means other than those mentioned in the preceding groups wherein the pressing means is in the form of a flexible element, e.g. diaphragm, urged by fluid pressure

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a mould for forming tiles and the like.
  • moulds where a pair of half-moulds are combined to form one or more cavities for receiving the poured powder which, once pressed, forms the ceramic product. Since the density of the powder may, for various reasons, vary inside the cavity or between one cavity and another of the mould, for some time so-called "isostatic" moulds have proposed where, in at least one half-mould, the pressing block which supports the mould die rests on an incompressible-fluid bed present in the chamber behind the block.
  • the volume of oil inside the chamber suitably varied during pressing, allows the degree of compaction of the powder inside the mould to be varied.
  • the various support blocks for each impression have interconnected fluid beds such that there is automatic compensation of the density between the various impressions of the mould.
  • EP 1403017 describes a mould of the abovementioned type according to the preamble of claim 1, which uses resilient laminas which engage inside side walls of the blocks so as to push the latter towards their more retracted position.
  • the laminas When the laminas are in a nondeflected condition the block is in its more retracted position.
  • the block By supplying fluid into the chamber behind the block, the block moves outwards, causing the resilient laminas to flex.
  • Resiliently pushing the blocks into the more retracted position is for example useful for keeping the pressing dies all at the same height during the powder filling operations.
  • the travel allowed by the laminas is very limited and the laminas are subject to flexing which easily causes breakage thereof, resulting in the need for frequent maintenance of the mould.
  • the laminas have a resilient behaviour which is inadequate for ensuring uniform filling of the mould, said behaviour being too critical, in particular after various pressing cycles.
  • US6093012 discloses a mould for manufacturing concrete mouldings having a pressure plate which is suspended by screws on which compression helical springs are mounted.
  • US4588368 discloses a moulding apparatus in which a pre-compression die is returned by bolts which are pre-tensioned by compression helical springs.
  • the general object of the present invention is to provide a mould with an isostatic plate provided with resilient means for performing pushing towards the rest position, said means being small-size, robust and efficient.
  • Figure 1 shows a mould, denoted generally by 10, for forming tiles and the like (usually by means of pressing of a suitable powder material).
  • a mould denoted generally by 10
  • the figure shows only the right-hand part of the mould, the left-hand part being generally a mirror-image thereof (if the mould is of the single-row type).
  • the mould 10 comprises a bottom half-mould 11 and a top half-mould 12 which define at least one forming cavity 13 inside which the material is pressed.
  • the two half-moulds are generally intended to be mounted on respective pressing surfaces 14, 15 of a suitable press, not shown in that it may be easily imagined by a person skilled in the art.
  • At least one of the two half-moulds comprises a bearing plate 16 having at least one seat 17 which contains in a sealingly slidable manner a pressing block 18 intended to support thereon a die 19 with a half-impression of the product to be formed.
  • the half-impression coincides with one of the two sides of a tile, while the side edge is obtained by a containing frame 31 into which the dies are inserted.
  • a chamber 20 which is intended to receive incompressible fluid for pushing the block towards the outside of the seat is thus formed between block and bottom of the seat, according to the conventional operating mode of isostatic-plate moulds.
  • Resilient means 21 for resiliently pushing the block towards the bottom of the seat are present between the and the peripheral edge of the block.
  • these resilient means are distributed around the lateral perimeter of the block so as to provide a uniform pushing action along the periphery of the block, as can be seen more clearly in Figure 3 and as will be further clarified below.
  • the resilient means comprise a flange 22 which projects laterally from the peripheral edge of the block 18 and which is connected to the plate by means of connection pins 23 with the arrangement, in between, of a resilient spacer 24 which opposes sliding of the block towards the outside of the seat formed in the plate.
  • the block may thus perform its sliding movement (in a vertical direction in the figure), sliding inside the seat in the plate parallel to the pins, so as to engage inside the seat against the action of the oil or (compressing the resilient element 24 when the fluid enters into the chamber 20) so as to project further from the seat.
  • the pin 23 advantageously passes slidably through the flange 22 and is fixed into the plate by means of a first end 25 thereof.
  • the said resilient spacer 24 is present between the opposite second end 26 of the pin and the flange 22 and thus reacts between said second end of the pin and the flange so as to oppose sliding of the block towards the outside of the seat formed in the plate.
  • the pin is formed in the manner of a screw which is screwed into the plate 16 (provided with suitable threaded holes) and has an enlarged head which forms the said second end 26.
  • the resilient spacer 24 presses advantageously against the head of the screw via a metal bearing lamina 27.
  • rigid tubular spacers or bushes 28 are mounted on the screws 23 so as to limit screwing of the screws. In this way the screws may be firmly screwed into the plate without stressing the resilient spacer.
  • the rigid spacers are suitably designed with lengthwise dimensions compared to the thickness of the resilient spacer so as to allow the prestress of the said resilient spacer to be controlled.
  • the bearing lamina 27 is advantageously in the form of a frame which follows the perimeter of the block and in which the screws 23 which form the pins are screwed at intervals along its length so as to surround the block.
  • the size of the mould may be such that, when the block is pushed completely inside the seat via the resilient means 21, the block is arranged against the bottom of the seat.
  • This space may also be only of the order of a few tenths of a millimetre.
  • an end-of-travel stop is provided, being easily obtained by means of contact of the flange 22 against the edge of the plate 16 which surrounds the block, as can be seen in Figures 1 and 2 .
  • the flange is formed as a frame which surrounds the block as one or two parts ( Figures 3 and 4 show a flange consisting of two parts) and which preferably bears against a contact edge 30 present on the block side walls which project from the block seat in the plate.
  • the contact edge may advantageously form part of a groove present in the side walls of the block and inside which the said frame is partially inserted.
  • the resilient spacer is formed by a layer of elastomeric material, in particular chosen from polyurethane elastomers (for example: ADIPRENE®, VULKOLLAN®, ADIPOL®, ULTRAFLEX®) or NBR (Nitrile Butadiene Rubber).
  • the layer of elastomeric material follows the perimeter of the block so as to be passed through at intervals by the pins extending along its length.
  • the elastomeric layer may be easily cut in the form of a generally rectangular frame from a sheet of suitable thickness.
  • the layer of elastomeric material, the flange and the bearing lamina may all be in the form of a frame with a similar impression so as to completely overlap each other, as can again be clearly seen in the exploded view of Figure 4 .
  • Figure 4 shows how the blocks may be advantageously at least two in number (and advantageously also a set of blocks arranged in rows and columns so as to form a matrix of pressing impressions).
  • Each block is slidable in its seat in the plate and has its own resilient means along the perimeter.
  • the respective chambers intended to receive incompressible fluid are interconnected by means of ducts 32, according to the arrangement envisaged for this type of mould.
  • Figure 5 shows a variant in which a resiliently yielding element 29 is arranged between the flange 22 and plate 16, said element allowing the block to be kept resiliently spaced from the bottom of the seat by a distance 'd' also before introduction of the oil.
  • the yielding factor and thickness 'D' of the element 29 (which may be a layer of yielding material arranged along the entire length of the flange 22) are chosen so that the pressing forces generated during use of the mould may compress the resilient element 29 and eliminate the distance 'd'. This allows the block to be brought into contact against the bottom of the seat, for example when there is no fluid inside the chamber (or when the pressure of the fluid is sufficiently low) or when transfer of fluid to the chambers of the other blocks occurs.
  • the material of the element 29 may be advantageously chosen from those which can be used for the resilient spacer 24.
  • Figure 6 shows a second embodiment of a mould according to the invention.
  • Figure 6 therefore shows the half-mould 111 of a mould 110 provided in accordance with the invention for forming tiles and the like.
  • the half-mould comprises a bearing plate 116 with at least one seat 117 which contains in a sealingly slidable manner a pressing block 118 intended to receive, mounted thereon, a die 119 with a half-impression of the product to be formed.
  • the half-impression is combined (together with the other half-mould, not shown) so as to form the forming cavity (13 in Figure 1 ) of the complete mould.
  • a chamber 120 is formed between the block and the bottom of the seat and is intended to receive incompressible fluid for pushing the block towards the outside of the seat.
  • Resilient means 121 are present between plate and peripheral edge for resiliently pushing the block towards the bottom of the seat.
  • the resilient means are advantageously distributed around the lateral perimeter of the block, as can be seen for example in Figure 7 .
  • the resilient means comprise a flange 122 which projects laterally from the side walls of the block 118 and which is connected to the plate by means of connection pins 123 with the arrangement, in between, of at least one resilient spacer 124 which opposes sliding of the block towards the outside of the seat formed in the plate.
  • the block may thus perform its sliding movement (in a vertical direction in the figure), sliding inside the seat in the plate, so as to engage inside the seat against the action of the oil or (compressing the resilient element 124 when the fluid enters into the chamber 120) so as to project further from the seat.
  • the pin 123 is connected to the flange by means of a first end 125 thereof and passes slidably through the plate 116.
  • the resilient spacer 124 is present between the opposite second end 126 of the pin and the plate 116 and thus reacts between the second end of the pin and the plate so as to oppose the sliding movement of the block towards the outside of the seat in the plate.
  • the pin is formed in the manner of a screw with an enlarged head which forms the said first end 125 and with a second end 126 which is screwed into a lamina 127 bearing against the resilient spacer 124.
  • rigid tubular spacers or bushes 128 for limiting screwing of the screws and controlling the prestress of the resilient spacer are mounted on the screws 123.
  • the screws may be firmly screwed without stressing the resilient spacer owing to a suitable choice of length of the bushes.
  • the heads of the screws may be conical and received inside flared seats in the flange, as can be seen in the figures.
  • the bearing lamina 27 is advantageously in the form of a frame which follows the perimeter of the block and in which the screws 123 which form the pins are screwed at intervals along its length so as to surround the block.
  • the flange 122 may advantageously also be in the form of a frame which surrounds the periphery of the block, with the screws arranged at intervals passing through it.
  • bearing lamina 127 is seated inside a channel 140 formed in the plate, together with the resilient spacer 124 (advantageously formed as a continuous frame with a progression similar to that of the lamina 127).
  • the size of the mould may be such that, when the plug is pushed completely inside the seat via the resilient means 121, the block is arranged against the bottom of the seat, but it may be advantageous for a small distance to remain between the block and the bottom of the seat.
  • an end-of-travel stop is provided, being easily obtained by means of contact of the flange 122 against the edge of the plate 116 which surrounds the block, as can be clearly seen in Figure 6 .
  • the flange is formed as a frame which surrounds the block and which preferably bears on a contact edge 130 present on the block side walls which project from the block seat in the plate
  • the contact edge may advantageously form part of a groove present in the side walls of the block and inside which the said frame is partially inserted.
  • the block may be formed with two plates superimposed and interconnected so as to grip completely between them the innermost edge of the flange, while ensuring that the system may be assembled when the flange is formed as one piece.
  • the resilient spacer is formed by a layer of elastomeric material, in particular chosen from polyurethane elastomers or NBR (Nitrile Butadiene Rubber) which is advantageously shaped (for example cut from a sheet) so as to follow the perimeter of the block and be passed through at intervals by the pins along its length.
  • elastomeric material in particular chosen from polyurethane elastomers or NBR (Nitrile Butadiene Rubber) which is advantageously shaped (for example cut from a sheet) so as to follow the perimeter of the block and be passed through at intervals by the pins along its length.
  • Figure 7 shows how the blocks may be advantageously at least two in number (and advantageously also a set of blocks arranged in rows and columns so as to form a matrix of pressing impressions), with each block which is slidable in its own seat in the plate and which has its associated resilient means along the perimeter.
  • the respective chambers intended to receive incompressible fluid are interconnected by means of ducts 132, according to the arrangement envisaged for this type of mould. In this way, there will be a fluid redistribution during pressing which optimizes pressing of the powder in the various cavities.
  • Figure 9 shows a variant in which a resiliently yielding element 129 is advantageously arranged between the flange 122 and plate 116, said element allowing the block to be kept resiliently spaced from the bottom of the seat by a distance 'd'.
  • the yielding factor and thickness 'D' of the element 129 may be chosen so that the pressing forces generated during use of the mould may compress the resilient element 129 and eliminate the distance 'd' so that, upon pressing, the block is able to make contact against the bottom of the seat, if necessary.
  • the material of the element 129 may be advantageously chosen from those which can be used for the resilient spacer 124.
  • the mould according to the invention is strong, easy to maintain and assemble and has optimum resilience and repeatability characteristics.
  • the mould may also be supplemented with accessories in the form of known systems for loading the powder and unloading the pressed product and/or known isostatic systems (for example of the known type with "isostatic marks") for ensuring locally a uniform density of the powder inside the cavity.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
  • Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)

Claims (16)

  1. Moule (10, 110) pour former des carreaux et similaires, comprenant un demi-moule inférieur (11, 111) et un demi-moule supérieur (12, 112) qui définissent au moins une cavité de formage (13), au moins l'un des deux demi-moules comprenant une plaque d'appui (16, 116) avec au moins un siège (17, 117) à l'intérieur duquel un bloc de pression (18, 118) peut coulisser de manière étanche, entre le fond et le bas du siège, on forme une chambre (20, 120) prévue pour recevoir un fluide incompressible pour pousser le bloc vers l'extérieur du siège, des moyens résilients (21, 121) étant présents entre la plaque et le bord périphérique du bloc afin de pousser, de manière résiliente, le bloc vers le fond du siège, caractérisé en ce que les moyens résilients comprennent une bride (22, 122) qui fait saillie latéralement du bord périphérique du bloc et est raccordée à la plaque au moyen de broches de raccordement (23, 123) avec un agencement entre elles, d'au moins un dispositif d'espacement résilient (24, 124) qui s'oppose au coulissement du bloc vers l'extérieur du siège dans la plaque, le dispositif d'espacement résilient (24, 124) étant formé par une couche de matériau élastomère et la bride étant formée comme un bâti qui entoure le bloc (18, 118) sous la forme d'une ou de deux parties.
  2. Moule selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la broche de raccordement (23) passe de manière coulissante à travers la bride (22) et est fixée dans la plaque (16) au moyen de sa première extrémité (25), entre une seconde extrémité (26) opposée de la broche et la bride, on prévoit ledit dispositif d'espacement résilient (24) qui réagit entre ladite seconde extrémité de la broche et la bride afin de s'opposer au coulissement du bloc vers l'extérieur du siège formé dans la plaque.
  3. Moule selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la broche (23) est formée comme une vis vissée dans la plaque et avec une tête qui forme ladite seconde extrémité (26) et contre laquelle le dispositif d'espacement résilient s'appuie via une lame métallique (27) agencée entre eux.
  4. Moule selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que la lame d'appui (27) se présente sous la forme d'un bâti qui suit le périmètre du bloc et dans lequel les vis qui forment les broches, sont vissées à intervalles le long de sa longueur.
  5. Moule selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la broche (123) est raccordée à la bride (122) au moyen de sa première extrémité (125), passant, de manière coulissante, à travers la plaque (116) et entre une seconde extrémité (126) opposée de la broche et la plaque (116), on trouve ledit dispositif d'espacement résilient (124) qui réagit entre ladite seconde extrémité de la broche et la plaque afin de s'opposer au coulissement du bloc vers l'extérieur du siège formé dans la plaque.
  6. Moule selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que la broche est formée à la manière d'une vis avec une tête (125) qui forme ladite première extrémité et avec une seconde extrémité (126) qui est vissée dans une lame (127) s'appuyant contre le dispositif d'espacement résilient.
  7. Moule selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que la lame d'appui (127) se présente sous la forme d'un bâti qui suit le périmètre du bloc et dans lequel les vis qui forment les broches sont vissées à intervalles le long de sa longueur.
  8. Moule selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que la lame d'appui est installée à l'intérieur d'un canal (140) formé dans la plaque.
  9. Moule selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'une butée de fin de course qui empêche le contact entre le bloc et le fond du siège, est prévue entre la bride (22, 122) et la plaque (16, 116).
  10. Moule selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'un élément élastiquement malléable (29, 129) pour maintenir le bloc élastiquement espacé du fond du siège, est agencé entre la bride (22, 122) et la plaque (16, 116).
  11. Moule selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'espacement résilient (24, 124) est formé par une couche de matériau élastomère, de préférence choisi parmi des élastomères de polyuréthane ou le NBR.
  12. Moule selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que la couche de matériau élastomère suit le périmètre du bloc afin d'être traversée à intervalles par les broches (23, 123) le long de sa longueur.
  13. Moule selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la bride (22, 122) est un bâti qui entoure le bloc et qui s'appuie sur un bord de contact (30, 130) présent sur les parois latérales du bloc qui font saillie du siège du bloc dans la plaque.
  14. Moule selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que ledit bord de contact (30, 30) fait partie d'une rainure présente dans les parois latérales du bloc et à l'intérieur duquel ledit bâti est partiellement inséré.
  15. Moule selon la revendication 3 ou 6, caractérisé en ce que lesdits dispositifs d'espacement rigides (28, 128) pour limiter le vissage des vis, sont montés sur les vis.
  16. Moule selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les blocs sont au moins au nombre de deux, chacun à l'intérieur d'un siège associé dans la plaque et avec les chambres (20, 120) respectives pour recevoir le fluide incompressible qui sont interconnectées.
EP13801720.7A 2012-09-19 2013-09-05 Moule destiné à former des tuiles et similaires Not-in-force EP2897772B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT001558A ITMI20121558A1 (it) 2012-09-19 2012-09-19 Stampo per la formatura di piastrelle e simili
PCT/IB2013/058299 WO2014045149A1 (fr) 2012-09-19 2013-09-05 Moule destiné à former des tuiles et similaires

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2897772A1 EP2897772A1 (fr) 2015-07-29
EP2897772B1 true EP2897772B1 (fr) 2017-08-23

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13801720.7A Not-in-force EP2897772B1 (fr) 2012-09-19 2013-09-05 Moule destiné à former des tuiles et similaires

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2897772B1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2648517T3 (fr)
IT (1) ITMI20121558A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014045149A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016042421A1 (fr) * 2014-09-19 2016-03-24 Siti - B&T Group S.P.A. Unité de pressage pour une presse pour la production de produits, en particulier de produits en céramique

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3128348A1 (de) * 1981-07-17 1983-02-03 Bühler, Eugen, Dipl.-Ing., 8871 Burtenbach Einrichtung zur herstellung von formlingen aus einer rieselfaehigen masse stichwort: "vorverdichtung im schiesskopf"
US6093012A (en) * 1995-10-05 2000-07-25 Rampf Formen Gmbh Form for manufacturing concrete form components by machine
ITFI20010043A1 (it) * 2001-03-16 2002-09-16 Longinotti Meccanica S R L Sistema di compensazione degli errori di dosaggio su presse per mattonelle a piu' impronte,in specie per mattonelle monostrato o similari
ITMO20020259A1 (it) * 2002-09-29 2004-03-21 Fabio Casolari Stampo per formatura di piastrelle ceramiche.
ITBO20050268A1 (it) * 2005-04-21 2006-10-22 Trebax Srl Stampo per la fabbricazione di piastrelle ceramiche

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ITMI20121558A1 (it) 2014-03-20
EP2897772A1 (fr) 2015-07-29
WO2014045149A1 (fr) 2014-03-27
ES2648517T3 (es) 2018-01-03

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