EP2890840B1 - Bale opener - Google Patents

Bale opener Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2890840B1
EP2890840B1 EP13779908.6A EP13779908A EP2890840B1 EP 2890840 B1 EP2890840 B1 EP 2890840B1 EP 13779908 A EP13779908 A EP 13779908A EP 2890840 B1 EP2890840 B1 EP 2890840B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
take
suction hood
roller
unit
fiber
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EP13779908.6A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2890840A1 (en
Inventor
Alexander Schmid
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Maschinenfabrik Rieter AG
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Maschinenfabrik Rieter AG
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Publication of EP2890840A1 publication Critical patent/EP2890840A1/en
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01G7/00—Breaking or opening fibre bales
    • D01G7/06—Details of apparatus or machines
    • D01G7/12—Framework; Casings; Coverings; Grids

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a Abtragorgan a bale opener for removing fiber flakes of fiber bales.
  • the removal member comprises a removal roller, a grate arranged below the removal roller, and a suction hood arranged above the removal roller according to the preamble of the independent claim. In the exhaust hood false air openings are provided.
  • Abtragorgane be used in so-called Ballenabtragmaschinen or Baleöffnern to solve fibers or fibrils of pressed fiber bales out.
  • the removal organ is moved across the fiber bales.
  • Bale openers are also known from the prior art in which the fiber bales are moved past a stationary removal member.
  • the bale stripping machine is at the beginning of processing lines in a spinning mill preparation (processing plant) for the processing of fiber material, such as cotton or synthetic fibers or their mixtures, and has a decisive influence on the continuity of the processes within the spinning mill preparation.
  • the fiber material delivered in bales is removed from the bales by removing fiber flakes and transferred to a pneumatic transport system.
  • the pneumatic transport system brings the fiber flakes through pipes to the following cleaning machines.
  • the Abtragorgan is attached to a movable Abtragturm height adjustable.
  • the removal member comprises one or more removal rollers with teeth mounted on the surface of a mounted below the removal roller retaining element and a suction hood.
  • the teeth engage in the fiber bales and tear or pluck due to the rotation of the discharge roller fibers respectively fiber flakes out of the fiber bale out.
  • the torn-out fiber flakes are taken over by the suction hood connected to a vacuum source from the removal roller and fed to the transport system.
  • Normally a grate is provided between the removal roller and the fiber bales. The teeth of the removal roller reach through the grate.
  • the rust serves as a retaining element for the fiber bales. Due to the grate elements, which rest on the surface of the fiber bales, it is prevented that too large or irregular fiber flakes are torn out of the fiber bale by the teeth of the removal roller.
  • the EP 0 456 697 a removal member with two removal rollers and a suction hood arranged above the removal.
  • the suction hood is shaped so that the greatest height of the suction hood is located above the center of the fiber bales to be removed. This is intended to optimize a cross-sectional constriction of the exhaust hood and a reduction of the suction power can be achieved.
  • a disadvantage of the disclosed embodiment of the suction hood is that different flow velocities are generated at different points along the removal rollers, which can lead to an uneven suction of the fiber flocks.
  • a Abtragorgan which has a suction hood with a baffle.
  • the suction of fiber flakes from the area on the ablation tower facing side of the fiber bales to be improved.
  • a disadvantage of the disclosed construction of the suction hood is not the flow correspondingly shaped top cover of the suction hood.
  • the DE 37 22 317 discloses pivotable guide walls instead of the lateral pressure rollers. According to the direction of travel, the guide walls can be lowered onto the surface of the fiber bales.
  • the guide walls fulfill in the lowered position the function of a surface of the fiber bales smoothing element.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a Abtragorgan which allows a uniform removal of fiber flocks from the fiber bales and over the entire length of the Abtragwalze continuous removal of the fiber flakes.
  • a novel Abtragorgan is proposed with a removal roller and an over the removal roller arranged suction hood and arranged below the removal roller grate.
  • the removal roller is fitted over its longitudinal axis with teeth, which reach through the rust.
  • the Abtragorgan is stored on one side on a Abtragturm.
  • the suction hood is formed from a first part which is pulled over the removal roller and from a second part provided in the direction of the axis with an arcuate boundary surface. In the first part of the extraction hood, the lateral boundary surfaces, which lie opposite the axis of the removal roller, approach one another with increasing distance from the axis.
  • These lateral boundary surfaces of the suction hood have a first angle of inclination ⁇ on the side of the suction hood facing the ablation tower and a second angle of inclination ⁇ on the side of the suction hood facing away from the ablation tower.
  • the second part of the suction hood is arranged between the first part and a transport channel arranged in the removal tower.
  • the lateral boundary surface of the first part of the suction hood is provided on the side facing away from the ablation tower with false air openings.
  • the suction hood arranged above the removal roller is connected to a transport channel which is arranged inside the removal tower.
  • This transport channel in turn is connected to a vacuum source, for example a fan.
  • a vacuum source for example a fan.
  • the lateral boundary surfaces of the suction hood are arranged over the removal roller to near the surface of the fiber bales. Due to the irregular surface of the fiber bales and the resulting caused, over the longitudinal axis of the Abtragwalze seen, non-uniform flow conditions of the sucked ambient air, a discontinuous removal of fiber flocks takes place.
  • the inclination of the transverse to the axis of the discharge roller arranged boundary surfaces of the suction hood leads to promote a uniformity of the vacuum conditions over the length of the discharge roller.
  • the arcuate design of the connection of suction hood and transport channel serves to optimize the flow conditions within the suction hood.
  • the arrangement of false air openings in the boundary surface of the suction hood on the side facing away from the ablation tower causes the flow of the sucked air to match the geometry of the suction hood.
  • the false air openings are arranged at the narrowest point of the arcuate connection.
  • the air flowing in through the false air openings flows along this curved surface and causes a deflection of the air flowing along the removal roller into the suction hood.
  • This has the effect of giving a uniform flow within the suction hood and an increase in the amount of flock in the ratio to the sucked air quantity is possible.
  • An accumulation of removed fiber flakes in the suction hood is prevented by a uniform outflow of the fiber flakes and the transfer of the fiber flakes from the removal roller into the suction air stream is improved.
  • the false air openings can be formed in various shapes, for example, through slots whose arrangement can be oblique, vertical or horizontal. Also, a plurality of round holes is conceivable.
  • the false air openings are made adjustable in their cross section. The adjustability of the cross section is possible by attaching a slider or cover plate, which covers a part of the false air openings and is slidably attached to the suction. Also, a construction in the form of a diaphragm is conceivable which allows a concentric variation of the open cross section of a round opening.
  • the geometric design of the false air openings can lead from a simple opening in the exhaust hood to the attachment of beads or inlet nozzles.
  • false air openings are also provided in the Abtragturm facing boundary surface of the suction hood.
  • Construction and geometric design of the false air openings on the ablation tower facing boundary surface of the suction hood can be designed differently or symmetrically to the false air openings on the ablation tower facing away from the boundary of the suction hood. Due to the two-sided arrangement of false air openings, the upper the removal roller, respectively the grate arranged underneath, to be sucked air quantity can be reduced without reducing the total air flow. A reduction in the total air flow had a lower flow through the suction hood result and would thus reduce the performance of Abtragorgans.
  • the first part of the suction hood is arranged symmetrically in the direction of the axis of the removal roller.
  • a uniform pressure distribution in the exhaust hood over the Abtragwalze achieved, resulting in a uniform decrease of the fiber flakes from the removal roller.
  • the fiber bales are removed uniformly over the entire length of the removal roller.
  • the one-sided discharge of the sucked air in the direction of the ablation tower has the consequence that the air flowing in on the side of the ablation tower via the removal roller air has to travel the shorter way to the transport channel as the on the side facing away from the Abtragturm the exhaust roller air flowing.
  • the flow and pressure conditions in the suction hood are also influenced by the geometric design of the transverse to the axis of the discharge roller arranged lateral boundary surfaces of the first part of the suction hood.
  • the boundary surfaces approach each other with increasing distance from the axis of the removal roller in an advantageous embodiment with an inclination angle in a range of 20 ° to 40 °.
  • the inclination angles of the boundary surfaces may be different, but are preferably made the same size. Particularly preferred and effective, an angle of inclination of 30 ° has been found for both lateral boundary surfaces.
  • the measures for influencing the flow such as false air openings and geometric design of the suction hood serve the purpose of achieving a uniform pressure distribution over the entire length of the removal roller and the air speed immediately above the removal roller over its length tointensivemässig.
  • the arranged below the Abtragwalze rust serves to hold down the fiber flakes on the surface of the fiber bales to allow a uniform removal by the removal roller.
  • the rust also prevents excessive fiber flakes from being torn out of the fiber bales.
  • the removal roller is carried away by the driving operation of the ablation tower on the stationary fiber bales.
  • the grate is advantageously extended beyond the suction hood for guiding the fiber flakes to the removal roller by baffles.
  • the extension of the grate takes over the function of a guide element, which leads to a smoothing of the surface of the fiber bales and can also be formed of individual rods.
  • the guide element is formed by closed baffles.
  • the baffles are inclined at an angle of 5 ° to 30 ° upwards.
  • the fiber flakes are pressed on the surface of the fiber bales using the baffles down and performed for the removal roller to a uniform level.
  • the baffles are made to extend transversely to the axis of the removal roller between 200 mm and 500 mm in their extent, no further means for uniforming the surface of the fiber bales are necessary. It can be dispensed with today often used Anpressstangen or pressure rollers, which are arranged next to the removal roller. This also increases the reliability of the Abtragorgans.
  • a resting on the surface of the fiber bales lower edge of the grate is closer to the surface of the fiber bales arranged as the subsequent to the grate baffle.
  • the baffles may be provided as an inclined plane, or have an arcuate construction.
  • An arcuate construction is to be connected tangentially to the grate.
  • the intended angle of inclination of the baffle is determined in an arcuate construction by the line connecting the horizontal and a connection point of the baffle to the grid with the outer end of the baffle.
  • the baffles can be formed by flat sheets, which are bent several times to the top, while the nearest to the grid area of the baffle with the appropriate angle of inclination is decisive.
  • the baffles are fixed in place on Abtragorgan.
  • the guide plates are connected to the suction hood in such a way that no false air enters the suction hood between the suction hood and the guide plate.
  • the suction power can be increased via the removal roller and the flow-influencing effect of the false air openings is not disturbed by leaks along the removal roller.
  • FIG. 1 shows a bale opener in a schematic representation.
  • the bale opener consists essentially of an ablation tower 8 and a Abtragorgan 1.
  • the Abtragorgan 1 is attached to the Abtragturm 8 on one side and freely cantilevered over the fiber bale 2.
  • the removal tower 8 is equipped with a chassis 20. With the aid of the chassis 20, the removal tower 8 is moved on rails 21 along the fiber bale 2. As a result of this movement, the removal member 1 attached to the removal tower 8 is guided over the surface of the fiber bales 2.
  • the attachment of the Abtragorgans 1 on the ablation tower 8 is made adjustable in height, so that the fiber bales 2 can be removed continuously.
  • a removal roller 3 is arranged with an axis 7.
  • the removal roller 3 takes from the fiber bale 2 fiber flakes.
  • the fiber flakes are removed via a suction hood 4 by means of negative pressure from the removal roller 3 and guided to the removal tower 8.
  • a transport channel 12 is arranged, which takes over the fiber flakes of the suction hood 4 and a pneumatic fiber flake transport system 22 supplies.
  • the transport channel 12 and thus also the suction hood 4 are under a certain negative pressure, which is used for pneumatic conveying of the fiber flakes to the transport channel.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a longitudinal section of a Abtragorgans 1 along the axis 7 of the removal roller 3.
  • the grate 5 is arranged below the removal roller 3.
  • the teeth 6 of the removal roller 3 reach through the grate 5.
  • the suction hood 4 is arranged above the removal roller 3.
  • the suction hood 4 is formed from a first part 10 and a second part 11.
  • the first part 10 of the suction hood 4 is placed directly over the removal roller 3 and extends with all lateral boundary surfaces 14, 15 to the grate 5.
  • the Abtragturm facing boundary surface 14th of the first part 10 of the suction hood 4 is arranged obliquely above the removal roller 3 at an angle of inclination ⁇ to the axis 7 of the removal roller 3.
  • the ablation tower facing away from the boundary surface 15 of the first part 10 of the suction hood 4 is inclined above the Abtragwalze 3 with an inclination angle ⁇ to the axis 7 of the discharge roller 3. With increasing distance from the axis 7 of the removal roller 3, the boundary surfaces 14, 15 approach each other.
  • the arrangement shown is symmetrical in that the inclination angle ⁇ of the boundary surface 14 is the same size as the inclination angle ⁇ of the boundary surface 15.
  • the first part 10 of the suction hood 4 thereby has the shape of an upwardly tapering funnel.
  • false air openings 9 are provided in the ablation tower facing away from the boundary surface 15 false air openings 9 are provided.
  • the false air openings 9 are arranged so that in the suction hood 4, a flow of the sucked through the false air openings 9 air along the boundary surface 15 results.
  • Falsch Kunststoffö Anlagentechnisch 16 are also provided in the ablation tower facing boundary surface 14 Falsch Kunststoffö Anlagentechnisch 16 are also provided.
  • the false-air openings 16 are arranged so that a flow of the air sucked in through the false-air openings 9 along the boundary surface 14 results in the suction hood 4.
  • the second part 11 of the suction hood 4 is arranged.
  • the second part 11 of the suction hood 4 is provided with an arcuate upper boundary surface 30. This serves the flow line, the direction of flow is indicated by the arrow 31, the extracted from the removal roller fiber flock flow to the transport channel in the ablation tower.
  • the voltage applied to the boundary surface 15 flow of the sucked air through false air openings 9 is through the arcuate boundary surface 30 in the direction 31 deflected to the outlet 32 of the suction hood.
  • the steering of the flow within the suction hood 4 leads to a uniform extraction of the fiber flakes over the entire length of the removal roller. 3
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic representation of a cross section of a Abtragorgans 1 at the point A after FIG. 2 ,
  • the suction hood 4, consisting of the first part 10 and the second part 11 is guided laterally over the removal roller 3 to the arranged below the Abtragwalze 3 grate 5.
  • baffles 13 are arranged on both sides of the grate. The baffles 13 are arranged with respect to the horizontal at an angle ⁇ obliquely upwards.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of a view of Abtragorgans 1 from direction B to FIG. 2 ,
  • the boundary surface 15 of the first part 10 of the suction 4 extends between the boundary surface 30 of the second part 11 of the suction hood 4 and the and the grate 5.
  • false air openings 9 are provided in the boundary surface 15 .
  • a plurality of slots 9 are arranged by way of example. However, there are also round holes, horizontal slots, other geometric shapes such as beads conceivable.
  • the slots 9 are partially closed by a cover 33. By moving the cover 33, the false air openings 9 can be enlarged or reduced and thus adjusted.
  • the position of the slots 9 relative to the axis 7 of the removal roller is chosen arbitrarily and is adapted to the flow conditions.
  • the illustrated Arrangement of the false air openings 9 represents a possible variant. Also, the adjustment of the cross section of the false air openings 9 via an actuator can be done.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Abtragorgan eines Ballenöffners zum Abtragen von Faserflocken von Faserballen. Das Abtragorgan umfasst eine Abtragwalze, einen unterhalb der Abtragwalze angeordneten Rost und eine oberhalb der Abtragwalze angeordnete Absaughaube nach dem Oberbegriff des unabhängigen Anspruchs. In der Absaughaube sind Falschluftöffnungen vorgesehen.The invention relates to a Abtragorgan a bale opener for removing fiber flakes of fiber bales. The removal member comprises a removal roller, a grate arranged below the removal roller, and a suction hood arranged above the removal roller according to the preamble of the independent claim. In the exhaust hood false air openings are provided.

Abtragorgane werden in sogenannten Ballenabtragmaschinen oder Ballenöffnern eingesetzt um Fasern oder Faserflocken aus gepressten Faserballen heraus zu lösen. Dazu wird das Abtragorgan über die Faserballen hinweg bewegt. Aus dem Stand der Technik sind auch Ballenöffner bekannt, bei denen die Faserballen an einem ortsfesten Abtragorgan vorbei bewegt werden.
Die Ballenabtragmaschine steht am Anfang von Verfahrenslinien in einer Spinnereivorbereitung (Putzerei) zur Verarbeitung von Fasergut, beispielsweise Baumwolle oder synthetische Fasern oder deren Mischungen, und hat einen entscheidenden Einfluss auf die Kontinuität der Abläufe innerhalb der Spinnereivorbereitung. In der Ballenabtragmaschine wird das in Ballen angelieferte Fasergut durch ein Abtragen von Faserflocken von den Ballen gelöst und in ein pneumatisches Transportsystem übergeben. Das pneumatische Transportsystem bringt die Faserflocken durch Rohrleitungen zu den nachfolgenden Reinigungsmaschinen. Das Abtragorgan ist an einem fahrbaren Abtragturm höhenverstellbar befestigt. Das Abtragorgan umfasst eine oder mehrere Abtragwalzen mit auf dessen Oberfläche angebrachten Zähnen einen unterhalb der Abtragwalze angebrachtes Rückhalteelement und eine Absaughaube. Durch das Verfahren des Abtragorgans entlang den Faserballen greifen die Zähne in die Faserballen ein und reissen oder zupfen aufgrund der Rotation der Abtragwalze Fasern respektive Faserflocken aus dem Faserballen heraus. Die herausgerissenen Faserflocken werden durch die an eine Unterdruckquelle angeschlossene Absaughaube von der Abtragwalze übernommen und dem Transportsystem zugeführt.
Zwischen der Abtragwalze und den Faserballen ist normalerweise ein Rost vorgesehen. Die Zähne der Abtragwalze greifen durch den Rost hindurch. Dabei dient der Rost als ein Rückhalteelement für die Faserballen. Durch die Rostelemente, welche auf der Oberfläche der Faserballen aufliegen, wird verhindert, dass durch die Zähne der Abtragwalze zu grosse oder unregelmässige Faserflocken aus den Faserballen herausgerissen werden.Abtragorgane be used in so-called Ballenabtragmaschinen or Baleöffnern to solve fibers or fibrils of pressed fiber bales out. For this purpose, the removal organ is moved across the fiber bales. Bale openers are also known from the prior art in which the fiber bales are moved past a stationary removal member.
The bale stripping machine is at the beginning of processing lines in a spinning mill preparation (processing plant) for the processing of fiber material, such as cotton or synthetic fibers or their mixtures, and has a decisive influence on the continuity of the processes within the spinning mill preparation. In the bale removing machine, the fiber material delivered in bales is removed from the bales by removing fiber flakes and transferred to a pneumatic transport system. The pneumatic transport system brings the fiber flakes through pipes to the following cleaning machines. The Abtragorgan is attached to a movable Abtragturm height adjustable. The removal member comprises one or more removal rollers with teeth mounted on the surface of a mounted below the removal roller retaining element and a suction hood. By the method of Abtragorgans along the fiber bales, the teeth engage in the fiber bales and tear or pluck due to the rotation of the discharge roller fibers respectively fiber flakes out of the fiber bale out. The torn-out fiber flakes are taken over by the suction hood connected to a vacuum source from the removal roller and fed to the transport system.
Normally a grate is provided between the removal roller and the fiber bales. The teeth of the removal roller reach through the grate. The rust serves as a retaining element for the fiber bales. Due to the grate elements, which rest on the surface of the fiber bales, it is prevented that too large or irregular fiber flakes are torn out of the fiber bale by the teeth of the removal roller.

In Fahrtrichtung des Abtragturmes gesehen sind in heute üblichen Ballenöffnern sogenannte Anpresswalzen vorgesehen. Diese dienen dazu die aufgerissene Oberfläche der Faserballen zu glätten, um einen störungsfreien Einlauf der an der Oberfläche der Faserballen teilweise gelockerten Faserflocken unter den Rost zu gewährleisten. Nachteilig ist dabei, dass sich ein schwerfälliges Abtragorgan mit einem komplizierten Antriebssystem ergibt.Seen in the direction of travel of the Abtragturmes so-called pressure rollers are provided in today's usual bale openers. These serve to smooth the torn-open surface of the fiber bales, in order to ensure trouble-free entry of the fiber flakes, partially loosened on the surface of the fiber bales, under the grate. The disadvantage here is that there is a cumbersome Abtragorgan with a complicated drive system.

Aus dem Stand der Technik sind verschiedene Ausführungen von Abtragorganen bekannt. Beispielsweise offenbart die EP 0 456 697 ein Abtragorgan mit zwei Abtragwalzen und einer oberhalb der Abtragwalzen angeordneten Absaughaube. Die Absaughaube ist derart geformt, dass sich die grösste Höhe der Absaughaube über der Mitte der abzutragenden Faserballen befindet. Hierdurch soll eine Querschnittsverengung der Absaughaube optimiert und eine Reduzierung der Saugleistung erreicht werden.
Nachteilig an der offenbarten Ausführung der Absaughaube ist, dass an verschiedenen Stellen entlang der Abtragwalzen unterschiedliche Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten erzeugt werden, was zu einer ungleichmässigen Absaugung der Faserflocken führen kann.Various designs of ablation organs are known from the prior art. For example, the EP 0 456 697 a removal member with two removal rollers and a suction hood arranged above the removal. The suction hood is shaped so that the greatest height of the suction hood is located above the center of the fiber bales to be removed. This is intended to optimize a cross-sectional constriction of the exhaust hood and a reduction of the suction power can be achieved.
A disadvantage of the disclosed embodiment of the suction hood is that different flow velocities are generated at different points along the removal rollers, which can lead to an uneven suction of the fiber flocks.

In der DE 33 34 222 wird ein Abtragorgan offenbart, welches eine Absaughaube mit einem Luftleitkörper aufweist. Mit Hilfe des Luftleitkörpers, welcher auf der dem Abtragturm zugewandten Seite des Abtragorgans in die Absaughaube eingefügt ist, soll die Absaugung von Faserflocken aus dem Bereich auf der dem Abtragturm zugewandten Seite der Faserballen verbessert werden.
Nachteilig an der offenbarten Bauweise der Absaughaube ist die nicht der Strömung entsprechend geformte obere Abdeckung der Absaughaube.In the DE 33 34 222 a Abtragorgan is disclosed, which has a suction hood with a baffle. With the help of the air guide body, which is inserted on the ablation tower facing side of Abtragorgans in the suction hood, the suction of fiber flakes from the area on the ablation tower facing side of the fiber bales to be improved.
A disadvantage of the disclosed construction of the suction hood is not the flow correspondingly shaped top cover of the suction hood.

Die DE 37 22 317 offenbart anstelle der seitlichen Anpresswalzen schwenkbare Führungswände. Entsprechend der Fahrtrichtung können die Führungswände auf die Oberfläche der Faserballen abgesenkt werden. Die Führungswände erfüllen in der abgesenkten Stellung die Funktion eines die Oberfläche der Faserballen glättenden Elementes.The DE 37 22 317 discloses pivotable guide walls instead of the lateral pressure rollers. According to the direction of travel, the guide walls can be lowered onto the surface of the fiber bales. The guide walls fulfill in the lowered position the function of a surface of the fiber bales smoothing element.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es ein Abtragorgan zu schaffen, welches einen gleichmässigen Abtrag von Faserflocken von den Faserballen und einen über die gesamte Länge der Abtragwalze kontinuierlichen Abtransport der Faserflocken ermöglicht.The object of the invention is to provide a Abtragorgan which allows a uniform removal of fiber flocks from the fiber bales and over the entire length of the Abtragwalze continuous removal of the fiber flakes.

Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch die Merkmale im kennzeichnenden Teil der unabhängigen Ansprüche.
Zur Lösung der Aufgabe wird ein neuartiges Abtragorgan vorgeschlagen mit einer Abtragwalze und einer über der Abtragwalze angeordneten Absaughaube und einem unterhalb der Abtragwalze angeordneten Rost. Die Abtragwalze ist über ihre Langsachse mit Zähnen bestückt, welchen durch den Rost hindurchgreifen. Das Abtragorgan ist einseitig an einem Abtragturm gelagert. Die Absaughaube ist gebildet aus einem über die Abtragwalze gestülpten ersten Teil und aus einem in Richtung der Achse mit einer bogenförmigen Begrenzungsfläche versehenen zweiten Teil. Beim ersten Teil der Absaughaube nähern sich einander die quer zur Achse der Abtragwalze gegenüberliegenden seitlichen Begrenzungsflächen mit zunehmendem Abstand von der Achse. Diese seitlichen Begrenzungsflächen der Absaughaube weisen einen ersten Neigungswinkel α auf der dem Abtragturm zugewandten Seite der Absaughaube und einen zweiten Neigungswinkel β auf der dem Abtragturm abgewandten Seite der Absaughaube auf. Der zweite Teil der Absaughaube ist zwischen dem ersten Teil und einem im Abtragturm angeordneten Transportkanal angeordnet. Die seitliche Begrenzungsfläche des ersten Teils der Absaughaube ist auf der dem Abtragturm abgewandten Seite mit Falschluftöffnungen versehen.The object is solved by the features in the characterizing part of the independent claims.
To solve the problem, a novel Abtragorgan is proposed with a removal roller and an over the removal roller arranged suction hood and arranged below the removal roller grate. The removal roller is fitted over its longitudinal axis with teeth, which reach through the rust. The Abtragorgan is stored on one side on a Abtragturm. The suction hood is formed from a first part which is pulled over the removal roller and from a second part provided in the direction of the axis with an arcuate boundary surface. In the first part of the extraction hood, the lateral boundary surfaces, which lie opposite the axis of the removal roller, approach one another with increasing distance from the axis. These lateral boundary surfaces of the suction hood have a first angle of inclination α on the side of the suction hood facing the ablation tower and a second angle of inclination β on the side of the suction hood facing away from the ablation tower. The second part of the suction hood is arranged between the first part and a transport channel arranged in the removal tower. The lateral boundary surface of the first part of the suction hood is provided on the side facing away from the ablation tower with false air openings.

Zur Vorbereitung der Oberfläche der Faserballen wird vorgeschlagen seitlich der Abtragwalze ein Leitelement vorzusehen, welches durch seine Ausbildung ein störungsfreies Einlaufen der Faserflocken unter die Abtragwalze gewährleistet.To prepare the surface of the fiber bales it is proposed to provide a guide element on the side of the removal roller, which ensures a trouble-free shrinkage of the fiber flock under the removal roller due to its design.

Für einen gleichmässigen Abtrag von Faserflocken von der Oberfläche von Faserballen ist die Beschaffenheit der Abtragwalze einerseits und die Zuführung sowie die Absaugung der Faserflocken von der Abtragwalze andrerseits wichtig. Die oberhalb der Abtragwalze angeordnete Absaughaube ist mit einem Transportkanal, welcher innerhalb des Abtragturms angeordnet ist, verbunden. Dieser Transportkanal wiederum ist an eine Unterdruckquelle, beispielsweise ein Ventilator, angeschlossen. Durch den in der Absaughaube herrschenden Unterdruck wird eine Luftströmung von der Abtragwalze in Richtung des Transportkanals erzeugt. Dabei fliesst Luft vom unteren Ende der Absaughaube der Abtragwalze entlang in die Absauhaube und reisst damit die durch die Abtragwalze von den Faserballen gelösten Faserflocken mit. Die seitlichen Begrenzungsflächen der Absaughaube sind über die Abtragwalze bis in die Nähe der Oberfläche der Faserballen angeordnet. Bedingt durch die unregelmässige Oberfläche der Faserballen und die dadurch verursachten, über die Längsachse der Abtragwalze gesehene, ungleichmässigen Strömungsverhältnisse der angesaugten Umgebungsluft, erfolgt ein diskontinuierlicher Abtransport der Faserflocken.
Die Neigung der quer zur Achse der Abtragwalze angeordneten Begrenzungsflächen der Absaughaube führt dazu, eine Vergleichmässigung der Unterdruckverhältnisse über die Länge der Abtragwalze zu fördern. Die bogenförmige Ausbildung der Verbindung von Absaughaube und Transportkanal dient der Optimierung der Strömungsverhältnisse innerhalb der Absaughaube. Die Anordnung von Falschluftöffnungen in der Begrenzungsfläche der Absaughaube auf der dem Abtragturm abgewandten Seite bewirkt, dass sich die Strömung der angesaugten Luft an die Geometrie der Absaughaube angleicht. Die Falschluftöffnungen sind an der engsten Stelle der bogenförmigen Verbindung angeordnet. Die durch die Falschluftöffnungen einströmende Luft strömt entlang dieser bogenförmigen Oberfläche und bewirkt eine Umlenkung der entlang der Abtragwalze in die Absaughaube einströmenden Luft. Dies hat den Effekt, dass sich eine gleichmässige Strömung innerhalb der Absaughaube ergibt und eine Steigerung der Flockenmenge im Verhältnis zur angesaugten Luftmenge möglich wird. Eine Ansammlung von abgetragenen Faserflocken in der Absaughaube wird durch ein gleichmässiges Abfliessen der Faserflocken verhindert und der Übertritt der Faserflocken von der Abtragwalze in den Saugluftstrom verbessert.For a uniform removal of fiber flakes from the surface of fiber bales, the nature of the removal roller on the one hand and the supply and extraction of the fiber flakes from the removal roller on the other hand important. The suction hood arranged above the removal roller is connected to a transport channel which is arranged inside the removal tower. This transport channel in turn is connected to a vacuum source, for example a fan. By prevailing in the suction hood vacuum air flow is generated by the discharge roller in the direction of the transport channel. In this case, air flows from the lower end of the suction hood along the removal roller into the suction hood and thereby tears the fiber flakes which are released by the removal roller from the fiber bales. The lateral boundary surfaces of the suction hood are arranged over the removal roller to near the surface of the fiber bales. Due to the irregular surface of the fiber bales and the resulting caused, over the longitudinal axis of the Abtragwalze seen, non-uniform flow conditions of the sucked ambient air, a discontinuous removal of fiber flocks takes place.
The inclination of the transverse to the axis of the discharge roller arranged boundary surfaces of the suction hood leads to promote a uniformity of the vacuum conditions over the length of the discharge roller. The arcuate design of the connection of suction hood and transport channel serves to optimize the flow conditions within the suction hood. The arrangement of false air openings in the boundary surface of the suction hood on the side facing away from the ablation tower causes the flow of the sucked air to match the geometry of the suction hood. The false air openings are arranged at the narrowest point of the arcuate connection. The air flowing in through the false air openings flows along this curved surface and causes a deflection of the air flowing along the removal roller into the suction hood. This has the effect of giving a uniform flow within the suction hood and an increase in the amount of flock in the ratio to the sucked air quantity is possible. An accumulation of removed fiber flakes in the suction hood is prevented by a uniform outflow of the fiber flakes and the transfer of the fiber flakes from the removal roller into the suction air stream is improved.

Die Falschluftöffnungen können in verschiedenen Formen ausgebildet werden, beispielsweise durch Schlitze, deren Anordnung schräg, vertikal oder horizontal sein kann. Auch eine Mehrzahl von runden Löchern ist denkbar. Bevorzugterweise werden die Falschluftöffnungen in ihrem Querschnitt einstellbar ausgeführt. Die Einstellbarkeit des Querschnitts ist durch das Anbringen eines Schiebers oder Abdeckbleches möglich, welches einen Teil der Falschluftöffnungen abdeckt und verschieblich an die Absaughabe angebracht ist. Auch ist eine Konstruktion in Form einer Blende denkbar, welche ein konzentrisches Verändern des offenen Querschnitts einer runden Öffnung ermöglicht. Die geometrische Ausgestaltung der Falschluftöffnungen kann von einer einfachen Öffnung in der Absaughaube bis hin zur Anbringung von Sicken oder Einströmdüsen führen.The false air openings can be formed in various shapes, for example, through slots whose arrangement can be oblique, vertical or horizontal. Also, a plurality of round holes is conceivable. Preferably, the false air openings are made adjustable in their cross section. The adjustability of the cross section is possible by attaching a slider or cover plate, which covers a part of the false air openings and is slidably attached to the suction. Also, a construction in the form of a diaphragm is conceivable which allows a concentric variation of the open cross section of a round opening. The geometric design of the false air openings can lead from a simple opening in the exhaust hood to the attachment of beads or inlet nozzles.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform des Abtragorgans sind Falschluftöffnungen auch in der dem Abtragturm zugewandten Begrenzungsflache der Absaughaube vorgesehen. Konstruktion und geometrische Ausbildung der Falschluftöffnungen auf der dem Abtragturm zugewandten Begrenzungsflache der Absaughaube können verschieden oder symmetrisch zu den Falschluftöffnungen auf der dem Abtragturm abgewandten Begrenzungsflache der Absaughaube ausgeführt sein. Durch die beidseitige Anordnung von Falschluftöffnungen kann die Ober die Abtragwalze, respektive den darunter angeordneten Rost, anzusaugende Luftmenge verringert werden, ohne den Gesamtluftstrom zu verkleinern. Eine Verringerung des Gesamtluftstromes hatte eine geringere Fördermenge durch die Absaughaube zur Folge und würde damit die Leistung des Abtragorgans schmälern.In an advantageous embodiment of the Abtragorgans false air openings are also provided in the Abtragturm facing boundary surface of the suction hood. Construction and geometric design of the false air openings on the ablation tower facing boundary surface of the suction hood can be designed differently or symmetrically to the false air openings on the ablation tower facing away from the boundary of the suction hood. Due to the two-sided arrangement of false air openings, the upper the removal roller, respectively the grate arranged underneath, to be sucked air quantity can be reduced without reducing the total air flow. A reduction in the total air flow had a lower flow through the suction hood result and would thus reduce the performance of Abtragorgans.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform des Abtragorgans ist der erste Teil der Absaughaube in Richtung der Achse der Abtragwalze symmetrisch angeordnet. Dadurch wird eine gleichmässige Druckverteilung in der Absaughaube über der Abtragwalze erreicht, was zu einer gleichmässigen Abnahme der Faserflocken von der Abtragwalze führt. In der Folge werden die Faserballen über die gesamte Länge der Abtragwalze gleichmässig abgetragen. Der durch die einseitige Abführung der angesaugten Luft in Richtung des Abtragturmes hat zur Folge, dass die auf der Seite des Abtragturmes über die Abtragwalze einströmende Luft den kürzeren Weg bis zum Transportkanal zurückzulegen hat als die auf der dem Abtragturm abgewandten Seite der Abtragwalze einströmenden Luft. Es hat sich jedoch gezeigt, dass dieser Umstand durch die stärkere Umlenkung welcher die Strömung der auf der Seite des Abtragturmes über die Abtragwalze einströmende Luft ausgesetzt ist kompensiert wird und eine symmetrische Anordnung der Absaughaube zur Vergleichmässigung der Unterdruckverhältnisse über die Achse der Abtragwalze beiträgt. Um eine weitere Verbesserung der Strömungsverhältnisse zu erreichen ist auch eine symmetrische Anordnung des ersten Teils der Absaughaube in Querrichtung zur Achse der Abtragwalze förderlich.In a preferred embodiment of the removal member, the first part of the suction hood is arranged symmetrically in the direction of the axis of the removal roller. As a result, a uniform pressure distribution in the exhaust hood over the Abtragwalze achieved, resulting in a uniform decrease of the fiber flakes from the removal roller. As a result, the fiber bales are removed uniformly over the entire length of the removal roller. The one-sided discharge of the sucked air in the direction of the ablation tower has the consequence that the air flowing in on the side of the ablation tower via the removal roller air has to travel the shorter way to the transport channel as the on the side facing away from the Abtragturm the exhaust roller air flowing. However, it has been shown that this circumstance is compensated by the stronger deflection which is exposed to the flow of the air flowing in on the side of the ablation tower via the discharge roller and a symmetrical arrangement of the suction hood to equalize the vacuum conditions on the axis of the discharge roller. In order to achieve a further improvement of the flow conditions is also a symmetrical arrangement of the first part of the suction hood in the transverse direction to the axis of the discharge roller conducive.

Die Strömungs- und Druckverhältnisse in der Absaughaube werden auch durch die geometrische Ausbildung der quer zur Achse der Abtragwalze angeordneten seitlichen Begrenzungsflächen des ersten Teils der Absaughaube beeinflusst. Die Begrenzungsflächen nähern sich einander mit zunehmendem Abstand von der Achse der Abtragwalze in einer vorteilhaften Ausführung mit einem Neigungswinkel in einem Bereich von 20° bis 40°. Die Neigungswinkel der Begrenzungsflächen können verschieden sein, werden aber bevorzugterweise gleich gross ausgeführt. Besonders bevorzugt und wirkungsvoll hat sich für beide seitlichen Begrenzungsflächen ein Neigungswinkel von 30° herausgestellt.The flow and pressure conditions in the suction hood are also influenced by the geometric design of the transverse to the axis of the discharge roller arranged lateral boundary surfaces of the first part of the suction hood. The boundary surfaces approach each other with increasing distance from the axis of the removal roller in an advantageous embodiment with an inclination angle in a range of 20 ° to 40 °. The inclination angles of the boundary surfaces may be different, but are preferably made the same size. Particularly preferred and effective, an angle of inclination of 30 ° has been found for both lateral boundary surfaces.

Die Massnahmen zur Strömungsbeeinflussung wie Falschluftöffnungen und geometrische Ausbildung der Absaughaube dienen dem Zweck über die gesamte Länge der Abtragwalze eine gleichmässige Druckverteilung erreichen und die Luftgeschwindigkeit unmittelbar oberhalb der Abtragwalze über ihre Länge zu Vergleichmässigen. Durch die Reduzierung der Luftmenge, welche durch den Rost einströmt, wird ein Festsaugen von Faserflocken oder auch ein Mitschleppen von nicht abgetragenem Material aufgrund der Saugwirkung vermieden.The measures for influencing the flow such as false air openings and geometric design of the suction hood serve the purpose of achieving a uniform pressure distribution over the entire length of the removal roller and the air speed immediately above the removal roller over its length to Vergleichmässig. By reducing the amount of air that flows through the grate, a firm suction of fiber flakes or entrainment of non-removed material due to the suction is avoided.

In einer alternativen Ausführungsform ist es denkbar die über den einströmende Luftmenge zusätzlich zu verringern durch eine entlang der Achse der Abtragwalze führende Öffnung in der Absaughaube. Eine derartige Öffnung ist auf der Höhe der Achse der Abtragwalze oder darunter anzuordnen. Einer Anordnung oberhalb der Achse hat eine Verringerung der Saugwirkung an der Abtragwalze zur Folge.In an alternative embodiment, it is conceivable to additionally reduce the amount of air flowing in through an opening in the extraction hood which leads along the axis of the removal roller. Such an opening is to be arranged at the level of the axis of the removal roller or below. An arrangement above the axis results in a reduction of the suction effect on the removal roller.

Der unterhalb der Abtragwalze angeordnete Rost dient der Niederhaltung der Faserflocken auf der Oberfläche der Faserballen um einen gleichmässigen Abtrag durch die Abtragwalze zu ermöglichen. Auch wird durch den Rost verhindert, dass zu grosse Faserflocken aus den Faserballen herausgerissen werden. Die Abtragwalze wird durch den Fahrbetrieb des Abtragturmes über die ortsfesten Faserballen hinweggeführt. Für die Vorbereitung der Oberfläche der Faserballen vor dem Eintreffen der Abtragwalze ist der Rost vorteilhafterweise über die Absaughaube hinaus zur Führung der Faserflocken an die Abtragwalze durch Leitbleche verlängert. Die Verlängerung des Rostes übernimmt die Funktion eines Leitelementes, welches zu einer Glättung der Oberfläche der Faserballen führt und kann auch aus einzelnen Stäben gebildet sein. In einer vorteilhaften Ausführung ist das Leitelement durch geschlossene Leitbleche gebildet. Um den Einlauf der Faserflocken auf der Oberfläche der Faserballen zu verbessern sind die Leitbleche mit einem Winkel von 5° bis 30° nach oben geneigt. Durch das Gewicht des auf der Oberfläche der Faserballen aufliegenden Abtragorgans werden die Faserflocken auf der Oberfläche der Faserballen mit Hilfe der Leitbleche nach unten gedrückt und für die Abtragwalze auf ein gleichmässiges Niveau geführt. Werden die Leitbleche in ihrer Ausdehnung quer zur Achse der Abtragwalze zwischen 200 mm und 500 mm weit ausgebildet, sind keine weiteren Einrichtungen zur Vergleichmässigung der Oberfläche der Faserballen notwendig. Es kann auf die heute oftmals verwendeten Anpressstangen oder Anpresswalzen, welche neben der Abtragwalze angeordnet werden, verzichtet werden. Dies erhöht ebenfalls die Betriebssicherheit des Abtragorgans.The arranged below the Abtragwalze rust serves to hold down the fiber flakes on the surface of the fiber bales to allow a uniform removal by the removal roller. The rust also prevents excessive fiber flakes from being torn out of the fiber bales. The removal roller is carried away by the driving operation of the ablation tower on the stationary fiber bales. For the preparation of the surface of the fiber bales before the arrival of the discharge roller, the grate is advantageously extended beyond the suction hood for guiding the fiber flakes to the removal roller by baffles. The extension of the grate takes over the function of a guide element, which leads to a smoothing of the surface of the fiber bales and can also be formed of individual rods. In an advantageous embodiment, the guide element is formed by closed baffles. In order to improve the inlet of the fiber flakes on the surface of the fiber bales, the baffles are inclined at an angle of 5 ° to 30 ° upwards. By the weight of the resting on the surface of the fiber bales Abtragorgans the fiber flakes are pressed on the surface of the fiber bales using the baffles down and performed for the removal roller to a uniform level. If the baffles are made to extend transversely to the axis of the removal roller between 200 mm and 500 mm in their extent, no further means for uniforming the surface of the fiber bales are necessary. It can be dispensed with today often used Anpressstangen or pressure rollers, which are arranged next to the removal roller. This also increases the reliability of the Abtragorgans.

Um die bei einem vorherigen Durchgang des Abtragorgans an der Oberfläche der Faserballen vorhandenen Anhäufungen von Faserflocken zu glätten, hat sich eine Überhöhung der Leitbleche von 80 mm bis 150 mm, bevorzugterweise 80 mm, über dem Rost bewährt. Vorteilhafterweise ist eine auf der Oberfläche der Faserballen aufliegende Unterkante des Rostes naher an der Oberfläche der Faserballen angeordnet als das an den Rost anschliessende Leitblech. Dadurch kann Luft unter dem Leitblech durch den Rost zur Abtragwalze nachströmen.In order to smooth the accumulations of fiber flakes present on the surface of the fiber bales during a previous passage of the ablation member, a Exaggeration of the baffles from 80 mm to 150 mm, preferably 80 mm, proven over the rust. Advantageously, a resting on the surface of the fiber bales lower edge of the grate is closer to the surface of the fiber bales arranged as the subsequent to the grate baffle. As a result, air can flow under the guide plate through the grate to the discharge roller.

In ihrer geometrischen Ausformung können die Leitbleche als schräge Ebene vorgesehen sein, oder eine bogenförmige Konstruktion aufweisen. Eine bogenförmige Konstruktion ist dabei tangential an den Rost anzuschliessen. Der vorgesehene Neigungswinkel des Leitbleches wird bei einer bogenförmigen Konstruktion durch den von der Waagerechten und einer den Anschlusspunkt des Leitbleches am Rost mit dem äusseren Ende des Leitbleches verbindenden Linie bestimmt. Auch können die Leitbleche durch ebene Bleche geformt werden, welche mehrfach nach oben abgeknickt sind, dabei ist der dem Rost am nächsten liegende Bereich des Leitbleches mit dem entsprechenden Neigungswinkel massgebend.In its geometric shape, the baffles may be provided as an inclined plane, or have an arcuate construction. An arcuate construction is to be connected tangentially to the grate. The intended angle of inclination of the baffle is determined in an arcuate construction by the line connecting the horizontal and a connection point of the baffle to the grid with the outer end of the baffle. Also, the baffles can be formed by flat sheets, which are bent several times to the top, while the nearest to the grid area of the baffle with the appropriate angle of inclination is decisive.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausführung werden die Leitbleche ortsfest am Abtragorgan befestigt. Zudem sind die Leitbleche derart mit der Absaughaube verbunden, dass zwischen Absaughaube und Leitblech keine Falschluft in die Absaughaube gelangt. Dadurch kann die Absaugleistung über die Abtragwalze erhöht werden und der strömungsbeeinflussende Effekt der Falschluftöffnungen wird nicht durch Leckagen entlang der Abtragwalze gestört.In an advantageous embodiment, the baffles are fixed in place on Abtragorgan. In addition, the guide plates are connected to the suction hood in such a way that no false air enters the suction hood between the suction hood and the guide plate. As a result, the suction power can be increased via the removal roller and the flow-influencing effect of the false air openings is not disturbed by leaks along the removal roller.

Aus dem Stand der Technik sind Abtragorgane mit einer oder mehreren Abtragwalzen bekannt. Die erfindungsgemässe Ausführung des Abtragorgans ist davon unabhängig, ob eine oder mehrere Abtragwalzen eingesetzt werden. Zur Vereinfachung des Abtragorgans ist der Einsatz einer einzigen Abtragwalze jedoch vorteilhaft. Es hat sich auch gezeigt, dass mehrere Abtragwalzen keine Vorteile gegenüber nur einer Abtragwalze aufweisen. Auch ist ein reversibler Betrieb einer einzigen Abtragwalze möglich ohne eine Veränderung an der Ausführung der Absaughaube vornehmen zu müssen.From the prior art Abtragorgane with one or more discharge rollers are known. The inventive embodiment of the Abtragorgans is independent of whether one or more Abtragwalzen be used. However, to simplify the Abtragorgans the use of a single removal roller is advantageous. It has also been shown that several removal rollers have no advantages over only one removal roller. Also, a reversible operation of a single removal roller is possible without having to make a change to the execution of the suction hood.

Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand von einer beispielhaften Ausführungsform erklärt und durch Zeichnungen näher erläutert.

Fig. 1
Schematische Darstellung eines Ballenöffners
Fig. 2
Schematische Darstellung eines Längsschnittes eines Abtragorgans entlang der Achse des Abtragorgans
Fig. 3
Schematische Darstellung eines Querschnitts eines Abtragorgans an der Stelle A nach Figur 2
Fig. 4
Schematische Darstellung einer Ansicht eines Abtragorgans aus Richtung B nach Figur 2
In the following the invention will be explained with reference to an exemplary embodiment and explained in more detail by drawings.
Fig. 1
Schematic illustration of a bale opener
Fig. 2
Schematic representation of a longitudinal section of a Abtragorgans along the axis of Abtragorgans
Fig. 3
Schematic representation of a cross section of a Abtragorgans at the point A after FIG. 2
Fig. 4
Schematic representation of a view of a Abtragorgans from direction B to FIG. 2

Figur 1 zeigt in einer schematischen Darstellung einen Ballenöffner. Der Ballenöffner besteht im wesentlichen aus einem Abtragturm 8 und einem Abtragorgan 1. Das Abtragorgan 1 ist am Abtragturm 8 einseitig befestigt und frei auskragend über den Faserballen 2 angeordnet. Der Abtragturm 8 ist mit einem Fahrwerk 20 ausgerüstet. Mit Hilfe des Fahrwerks 20 wird der Abtragturm 8 auf Schienen 21 entlang den Faserballen 2 bewegt. Durch diese Bewegung wird das am Abtragturm 8 angebrachte Abtragorgan 1 über die Oberfläche der Faserballen 2 geführt. Die Befestigung des Abtragorgans 1 am Abtragturm 8 ist höhenverstellbar ausgeführt, sodass die Faserballen 2 kontinuierlich abgetragen werden können. Im Abtragorgan 1 ist eine Abtragwalze 3 mit einer Achse 7 angeordnet. Die Abtragwalze 3 entnimmt aus den Faserballen 2 Faserflocken. Die Faserflocken werden über eine Absaughaube 4 mittels Unterdruck von der Abtragwalze 3 abgenommen und zum Abtragturm 8 geführt. Im Abtragturm 8 ist ein Transportkanal 12 angeordnet, welcher die Faserflocken von der Absaughaube 4 übernimmt und einem pneumatischen Faserflocken-Transportsystem 22 zuführt. Der Transportkanal 12 und damit auch die Absaughaube 4 stehen unter einem bestimmten Unterdruck, der zur pneumatischen Förderung der Faserflocken zum Transportkanal dient. FIG. 1 shows a bale opener in a schematic representation. The bale opener consists essentially of an ablation tower 8 and a Abtragorgan 1. The Abtragorgan 1 is attached to the Abtragturm 8 on one side and freely cantilevered over the fiber bale 2. The removal tower 8 is equipped with a chassis 20. With the aid of the chassis 20, the removal tower 8 is moved on rails 21 along the fiber bale 2. As a result of this movement, the removal member 1 attached to the removal tower 8 is guided over the surface of the fiber bales 2. The attachment of the Abtragorgans 1 on the ablation tower 8 is made adjustable in height, so that the fiber bales 2 can be removed continuously. In Abtragorgan 1 a removal roller 3 is arranged with an axis 7. The removal roller 3 takes from the fiber bale 2 fiber flakes. The fiber flakes are removed via a suction hood 4 by means of negative pressure from the removal roller 3 and guided to the removal tower 8. In Abtragturm 8, a transport channel 12 is arranged, which takes over the fiber flakes of the suction hood 4 and a pneumatic fiber flake transport system 22 supplies. The transport channel 12 and thus also the suction hood 4 are under a certain negative pressure, which is used for pneumatic conveying of the fiber flakes to the transport channel.

Figur 2 zeigt in schematischer Darstellung einen Längsschnitt eines Abtragorgans 1 entlang der Achse 7 der Abtragwalze 3. Unterhalb der Abtragwalze 3 ist der Rost 5 angeordnet. Die Zähne 6 der Abtragwalze 3 greifen durch den Rost 5 hindurch. Auf die Ausführung der Abtragwalze 3 sowie der Zähne 6 wird nicht näher eingegangen, da aus dem Stand der Technik verschiedene mögliche Ausführungen hinlänglich bekannt sind. Oberhalb der Abtragwalze 3 ist die Absaughaube 4 angeordnet. Die Absaughaube 4 ist gebildet aus einem ersten Teil 10 und einem zweiten Teil 11. Der erste Teil 10 der Absaughaube 4 ist direkt über die Abtragwalze 3 gestülpt und reicht mit allen seitlichen Begrenzungsflächen 14, 15 bis zum Rost 5. Die dem Abtragturm zugewandte Begrenzungsfläche 14 des ersten Teils 10 der Absaughaube 4 ist oberhalb der Abtragwalze 3 mit einem Neigungswinkel α schräg zur Achse 7 der Abtragwalze 3 geneigt angeordnet. Die dem Abtragturm abgewandte Begrenzungsfläche 15 des ersten Teils 10 der Absaughaube 4 ist oberhalb der Abtragwalze 3 mit einem Neigungswinkel β schräg zur Achse 7 der Abtragwalze 3 geneigt angeordnet. Mit zunehmendem Abstand von der Achse 7 der Abtragwalze 3 nähern sich die Begrenzungsflächen 14, 15 einander an. Die in Figur 2 gezeigte Anordnung ist symmetrisch dadurch dass der Neigungswinkel α der Begrenzungsfläche 14 gleich gross ist wie der Neigungswinkel β der Begrenzungsfläche 15. Der erste Teil 10 der Absaughaube 4 hat dadurch die Form eines nach oben zulaufenden Trichters. FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a longitudinal section of a Abtragorgans 1 along the axis 7 of the removal roller 3. Below the removal roller 3, the grate 5 is arranged. The teeth 6 of the removal roller 3 reach through the grate 5. On the execution of the removal roller 3 and the teeth 6 is not discussed in detail, there from The prior art various possible embodiments are well known. Above the removal roller 3, the suction hood 4 is arranged. The suction hood 4 is formed from a first part 10 and a second part 11. The first part 10 of the suction hood 4 is placed directly over the removal roller 3 and extends with all lateral boundary surfaces 14, 15 to the grate 5. The Abtragturm facing boundary surface 14th of the first part 10 of the suction hood 4 is arranged obliquely above the removal roller 3 at an angle of inclination α to the axis 7 of the removal roller 3. The ablation tower facing away from the boundary surface 15 of the first part 10 of the suction hood 4 is inclined above the Abtragwalze 3 with an inclination angle β to the axis 7 of the discharge roller 3. With increasing distance from the axis 7 of the removal roller 3, the boundary surfaces 14, 15 approach each other. In the FIG. 2 The arrangement shown is symmetrical in that the inclination angle α of the boundary surface 14 is the same size as the inclination angle β of the boundary surface 15. The first part 10 of the suction hood 4 thereby has the shape of an upwardly tapering funnel.

In der dem Abtragturm abgewandten Begrenzungsfläche 15 sind Falschluftöffnungen 9 vorgesehen. Die Falschluftöffnungen 9 sind so angeordnet, dass sich in der Absaughaube 4 eine Strömung der durch die Falschluftöffnungen 9 angesaugten Luft entlang der Begrenzungsfläche 15 ergibt. In der dem Abtragturm zugewandten Begrenzungsfläche 14 sind ebenfalls Falschluftöffnungen 16 vorgesehen. Die Falschluftöffnungen 16 sind so angeordnet, dass sich in der Absaughaube 4 eine Strömung der durch die Falschluftöffnungen 9 angesaugten Luft entlang der Begrenzungsfläche 14 ergibt.In the ablation tower facing away from the boundary surface 15 false air openings 9 are provided. The false air openings 9 are arranged so that in the suction hood 4, a flow of the sucked through the false air openings 9 air along the boundary surface 15 results. In the ablation tower facing boundary surface 14 Falschluftöffnungen 16 are also provided. The false-air openings 16 are arranged so that a flow of the air sucked in through the false-air openings 9 along the boundary surface 14 results in the suction hood 4.

Anschliessend an den ersten Teil 10 ist der zweite Teil 11 der Absaughaube 4 angeordnet. Der zweite Teil 11 der Absaughaube 4 ist mit einer bogenförmigen oberen Begrenzungsfläche 30 versehen. Diese dient der Strömungsleitung, die Strömungsrichtung ist mit dem Pfeil 31 angegeben, des von der Abtragwalze abgesaugten Faserflockenstroms zum Transportkanal im Abtragturm. Die an der Begrenzungsfläche 15 anliegende Strömung der angesaugten Luft durch Falschluftöffnungen 9 wird durch die bogenförmige Begrenzungsfläche 30 in Richtung 31 zum Austritt 32 der Absaughaube umgelenkt. Die Lenkung der Strömung innerhalb der Absaughaube 4 führt zu einer gleichmässigen Absaugung der Faserflocken über die gesamte Länge der Abtragwalze 3.Subsequent to the first part 10, the second part 11 of the suction hood 4 is arranged. The second part 11 of the suction hood 4 is provided with an arcuate upper boundary surface 30. This serves the flow line, the direction of flow is indicated by the arrow 31, the extracted from the removal roller fiber flock flow to the transport channel in the ablation tower. The voltage applied to the boundary surface 15 flow of the sucked air through false air openings 9 is through the arcuate boundary surface 30 in the direction 31 deflected to the outlet 32 of the suction hood. The steering of the flow within the suction hood 4 leads to a uniform extraction of the fiber flakes over the entire length of the removal roller. 3

Fig. 3 zeigt in schematischer Darstellung einen Querschnitt eines Abtragorgans 1 an der Stelle A nach Figur 2. Die Absaughaube 4, bestehend aus dem ersten Teil 10 und dem zweiten Teil 11 ist seitlich über die Abtragwalze 3 heruntergeführt bis zum unter der Abtragwalze 3 angeordneten Rost 5. Bei Rotation der Abtragwalze 3 um ihre Achse 7 greifen die Zähne 6 durch den Rost 5 hindurch in die Faserballen. Zur Verbesserung der Einführung der Faserflocken unter den Rost 5 sind auf beiden Seiten des Rostes 5 Leitbleche 13 angeordnet. Die Leitbleche 13 sind gegenüber der Horizontalen mit einem Winkel γ schräg nach oben angeordnet. Dadurch ergibt sich ein Ausgleichen der Oberfläche der Faserballen bis zum Erreichen des Rostes 5 und damit eine gleichmässige Abtragleistung der Abtragwalze 3. Die Parallel zur Achse 7 der Abtragwalze 3 angeordneten seitlichen Begrenzungsflächen der Absaughaube 4 sind bis zu den Leitblechen 13 herunter gezogen. Auf diese Weise wird vermieden, dass durch einen Spalt zwischen den Leitblechen 13 und der Absaughaube 4 Falschluft in die Absaughaube 4 gelangt, welche die Strömungsverhältnisse innerhalb der Absaughaube 4 nachteilig beeinflussen würde. Fig. 3 shows a schematic representation of a cross section of a Abtragorgans 1 at the point A after FIG. 2 , The suction hood 4, consisting of the first part 10 and the second part 11 is guided laterally over the removal roller 3 to the arranged below the Abtragwalze 3 grate 5. When rotating the Abtragwalze 3 about its axis 7, the teeth 6 through the grate 5 therethrough in the fiber bales. To improve the introduction of the fiber flakes under the grate 5 5 baffles 13 are arranged on both sides of the grate. The baffles 13 are arranged with respect to the horizontal at an angle γ obliquely upwards. This results in a balancing of the surface of the fiber bales until reaching the grate 5 and thus a uniform removal rate of the discharge roller 3. The parallel to the axis 7 of the discharge roller 3 arranged lateral boundary surfaces of the suction hood 4 are pulled down to the baffles 13. In this way it is avoided that through a gap between the baffles 13 and the suction hood 4 false air enters the suction hood 4, which would adversely affect the flow conditions within the exhaust hood 4.

Figur 4 zeigt in schematische Darstellung eine Ansicht eines Abtragorgans 1 aus Richtung B nach Figur 2. Die Begrenzungsfläche 15 des ersten Teils 10 der Absaughabe 4 erstreckt zwischen der Begrenzungsfläche 30 des zweiten Teils 11 der Absaughaube 4 und dem und dem Rost 5. In der Begrenzungsfläche 15 sind Falschluftöffnungen 9 vorgesehen. In der gezeigten Darstellung sind beispielhaft mehrere Schlitze 9 angeordnet. Es sind jedoch auch runde Löcher, horizontale Schlitze, andere geometrische Formen wie beispielsweise Sicken denkbar. Die Schlitze 9 sind teilweise durch eine Abdeckung 33 verschlossen. Durch Verschieben der Abdeckung 33 können die Falschluftöffnungen 9 vergrössert oder verkleinert und damit eingestellt werden. Die Position der Schlitze 9 gegenüber der Achse 7 der Abtragwalze ist willkürlich gewählt und ist den Strömungsverhältnissen anzupassen. Die dargestellte Anordnung der Falschluftöffnungen 9 stellt eine mögliche Variante dar. Auch kann die Einstellung des Querschnitts der Falschluftöffnungen 9 über eine Aktorik erfolgen. FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of a view of Abtragorgans 1 from direction B to FIG. 2 , The boundary surface 15 of the first part 10 of the suction 4 extends between the boundary surface 30 of the second part 11 of the suction hood 4 and the and the grate 5. In the boundary surface 15 false air openings 9 are provided. In the illustration shown, a plurality of slots 9 are arranged by way of example. However, there are also round holes, horizontal slots, other geometric shapes such as beads conceivable. The slots 9 are partially closed by a cover 33. By moving the cover 33, the false air openings 9 can be enlarged or reduced and thus adjusted. The position of the slots 9 relative to the axis 7 of the removal roller is chosen arbitrarily and is adapted to the flow conditions. The illustrated Arrangement of the false air openings 9 represents a possible variant. Also, the adjustment of the cross section of the false air openings 9 via an actuator can be done.

Claims (15)

  1. A take-off unit (1) for taking-off fiber tufts from fiber bales (2), comprising a take-off roller (3) having an axis (7) and teeth (6), a suction hood (4) arranged above the take-off roller (3) and a grid (5) that is arranged below the take-off roller (3) and through which the teeth (6) of the take-off roller (3) extend, the take-off unit (1) being mounted on one side on a take-off tower (8), wherein the suction hood (4) is formed from a first part (10) that is put over the take-off roller (3) and in which the lateral boundary surfaces (14, 15), which oppose one another transverse to the axis (7) of the take-off roller (3), approach one another with increasing distance from the axis (7) at a first inclination angle (α) on that side of the suction hood (4) that faces towards the take-off tower (8) and at a second inclination angle (β) on that side of the suction hood (4) that faces away from the take-off tower (8), and from a second part (11) that is provided in the direction of the axis (7) with a curved boundary surface (30), the second part being arranged between the first part (10) and a transport channel (12) arranged in the take-off tower (8), characterized in that the lateral boundary surface (15) of the first part (10) of the suction hood (4) is provided with leak air openings (9) on the side facing away from the take-off tower (8).
  2. The take-off unit (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the lateral boundary surface (14) of the first part (10) of the suction hood (4) is provided with leak air openings (16) on the side facing towards the take-off tower (8).
  3. The take-off unit (1) according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the leak air openings (9, 16) are adjustable with respect to their cross-section.
  4. The take-off unit (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first part (10) of the suction hood (4) is arranged symmetrically in the direction of the axis (7) of the take-off roller (3).
  5. The take-off unit (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first part (10) of the suction hood (4) is arranged symmetrically in the transverse direction to the axis (7) of the take-off roller (3).
  6. The take-off unit (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first inclination angle (α) and the second inclination angle (β) range between 25° and 40°.
  7. The take-off unit (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first inclination angle (α) and the second inclination angle (β) are equal.
  8. The take-off unit (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first inclination angle (α) and the second inclination angle (β) are 30°.
  9. The take-off unit (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the leak air openings (9, 16) are adjustable with respect to their cross-section.
  10. The take-off unit (1) for taking off fiber tufts from fiber bales (2), comprising a take-off roller (3) having an axis (7) and teeth (6), a suction hood (4) arranged above the take-off roller (3) and a grid (5) that is arranged below the take-off roller (3) and through which the teeth (6) of the take-off roller (3) extend, the take-off unit (1) being mounted on one side on a take-off tower (8), characterized in that the grid (5) is extended beyond the suction hood (4) by guide plates (13) so as to guide the fiber tufts to the take-off roller (3).
  11. The take-off unit (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that the guide plates (13) are inclined upwards at an angle (γ) of from 5° to 30°.
  12. The take-off unit (1) according to any one of claims 10 or 11, characterized in that the extent of the guide plates (13) transverse to the axis (7) of the take-off roller (3) is between 200 and 400 mm.
  13. The take-off unit (1) according to any one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that the guide plates (13) are fastened stationarily on the take-off unit (1).
  14. The take-off unit (1) according to any one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that the guide plates (13) are connected to the suction hood (4) in such a manner that no leak air enters the suction hood (4) between the suction hood (4) and the guide plate (13).
  15. The take-off unit (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a single take-off roller (3) is provided.
EP13779908.6A 2012-08-29 2013-08-16 Bale opener Active EP2890840B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH01500/12A CH706899A1 (en) 2012-08-29 2012-08-29 Off member for removing fiber flocks from fiber bales.
PCT/IB2013/001792 WO2014033518A1 (en) 2012-08-29 2013-08-16 Bale opener

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2890840A1 EP2890840A1 (en) 2015-07-08
EP2890840B1 true EP2890840B1 (en) 2016-10-05

Family

ID=49448206

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13779908.6A Active EP2890840B1 (en) 2012-08-29 2013-08-16 Bale opener

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2890840B1 (en)
CN (1) CN104583476B (en)
CH (1) CH706899A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2014033518A1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105297185B (en) * 2015-11-20 2019-04-16 四川北方硝化棉股份有限公司 A kind of efficient purified cotton opener of opener
DE102017109520A1 (en) * 2016-08-15 2018-02-15 TRüTZSCHLER GMBH & CO. KG Bale
EP3789524A1 (en) * 2019-09-03 2021-03-10 Maschinenfabrik Rieter AG Bale opener

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB764137A (en) * 1955-01-17 1956-12-19 Dodd Invest Ltd Improvements relating to fibre conveying flues in fibre opening and like machines
DE3334222C2 (en) 1983-09-22 1991-05-08 Hergeth Hollingsworth GmbH, 4408 Dülmen Device for removing fiber balls by means of an opening device
JPS6142923Y2 (en) * 1984-09-05 1986-12-05
JPS6142924Y2 (en) * 1984-10-17 1986-12-05
DE3504590A1 (en) * 1985-02-11 1986-08-14 Trützschler GmbH & Co KG, 4050 Mönchengladbach DEVICE FOR OPENING FIBER BALLS
DE3602898A1 (en) * 1986-01-31 1987-08-13 Truetzschler & Co DEVICE ON A BALE OPENER FOR FIBER BALLS, e.g. COTTON AND CHEMICAL FIBER BALES OR THE LIKE, FOR SUCTIONING FIBER FLAKES
SU1331915A1 (en) * 1986-02-11 1987-08-23 Пензенский научно-исследовательский экспериментально-конструкторский институт прядильных машин Apparatus for working fibrous material bales
DE3637580C1 (en) * 1986-11-04 1988-03-17 Schubert & Salzer Maschinen Device for suctioning fiber material
DE3722317A1 (en) 1987-07-07 1989-01-26 Hollingsworth Gmbh Apparatus for stripping off fibre accumulations, for example fibre balls, from spinning material
DE3903239C1 (en) 1989-02-03 1990-07-05 Hergeth Hollingsworth Gmbh, 4408 Duelmen, De
DE102005013076A1 (en) * 2005-03-18 2006-10-05 TRüTZSCHLER GMBH & CO. KG Apparatus for removing the fiber material of textile fiber bales from spun goods, z. As cotton, chemical fibers and the like.
CN201136916Y (en) * 2007-10-25 2008-10-22 张祺田 Improved arrangement cotton-sucking flared pipe of round type bale plucker
CN201619717U (en) * 2010-03-14 2010-11-03 吴玄龙 Bag-opening machine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN104583476A (en) 2015-04-29
CH706899A1 (en) 2014-03-14
CN104583476B (en) 2017-09-15
WO2014033518A1 (en) 2014-03-06
EP2890840A1 (en) 2015-07-08

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