EP2886955A1 - Moyen d'étalonnage pour l'ajustement du débit d'air d'un brûleur d'une turbine à gaz - Google Patents

Moyen d'étalonnage pour l'ajustement du débit d'air d'un brûleur d'une turbine à gaz Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2886955A1
EP2886955A1 EP13197795.1A EP13197795A EP2886955A1 EP 2886955 A1 EP2886955 A1 EP 2886955A1 EP 13197795 A EP13197795 A EP 13197795A EP 2886955 A1 EP2886955 A1 EP 2886955A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
calibration means
swirler
calibration
air
mixing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP13197795.1A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Ghenadie Bulat
Michael Turnbull
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to EP13197795.1A priority Critical patent/EP2886955A1/fr
Priority to US15/103,159 priority patent/US20160305666A1/en
Priority to PCT/EP2014/076527 priority patent/WO2015090993A1/fr
Priority to EP14812424.1A priority patent/EP3084299A1/fr
Publication of EP2886955A1 publication Critical patent/EP2886955A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/28—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply
    • F23R3/286—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply having fuel-air premixing devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
    • F23C7/002—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply the air being submitted to a rotary or spinning motion
    • F23C7/004—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply the air being submitted to a rotary or spinning motion using vanes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N3/00—Regulating air supply or draught
    • F23N3/007—Regulating air supply or draught using mechanical means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/02—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the air-flow or gas-flow configuration
    • F23R3/04—Air inlet arrangements
    • F23R3/10—Air inlet arrangements for primary air
    • F23R3/12—Air inlet arrangements for primary air inducing a vortex
    • F23R3/14—Air inlet arrangements for primary air inducing a vortex by using swirl vanes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/02—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the air-flow or gas-flow configuration
    • F23R3/26—Controlling the air flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23C2900/07001—Air swirling vanes incorporating fuel injectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
    • F23D2900/14—Special features of gas burners
    • F23D2900/14021—Premixing burners with swirling or vortices creating means for fuel or air

Definitions

  • the present invention is related to a calibration means for a swirler of a burner of a gas turbine, the swirler comprising a plurality of vanes and a plurality of mixing channels between the vanes, wherein each mixing channel is enabled to channel air from a radially outer end of the mixing channel to a radially inner end of the mixing channel.
  • the invention is related to a swirler for a burner of a gas turbine, comprising calibration means, a plurality of vanes and a plurality of mixing channels between the vanes, wherein each mixing channel is enabled to channel air from a radially outer end of the mixing channel to a radially inner end of the mixing channel, further to a burner of a gas turbine, comprising an air supply, a fuel supply, a swirler and a combustion chamber and further to a gas turbine, comprising at least one burner.
  • Modern gas turbines are commonly used in industrial applications.
  • the gas turbine is operated in a DLE combustion mode (DLE: Dry Low Emission) producing low emissions, especially low NOx emissions.
  • DLE Dry Low Emission
  • a good and uniform mixing of air and fuel in a burner of the gas turbine has to be achieved.
  • swirlers are used for this task.
  • Figure 1 shows a sectional view of an example of a gas turbine 40.
  • the gas turbine 40 comprises an air inlet 41, a compressor section 42, a burner section 44 and a turbine section 45 which are generally arranged in flow series and generally in the direction of a longitudinal rotation axis 81.
  • the gas turbine 40 further comprises a shaft 47 which is rotatable about rotational axis 81 and which extends longitudinally through the gas turbine 40. The shaft 47 drivingly connects the turbine section 45 to the compressor section 42.
  • air 80 which is taken in through the air inlet 41, is compressed by compressor blades 43 in the compressor section 42 and delivered to the burner section 44.
  • the burner section 44 comprises a combustion chamber 63, defined by a double wall can, and at least one burner 60 fixed to the combustion chamber 63.
  • the compressed air 80 passing through the compressor section 42 enters via an air supply 61 into a swirler 20 and is discharged from the swirler 20 into the combustion chamber 63.
  • mixing channels 22 (not shown) of the swirler 20, the air 80 is mixed with gaseous or liquid fuel, provided by a fuel supply 62 of the burner 60.
  • the air/fuel mixture is burned afterwards in the combustion chamber 63 and the combustion gas or working gas from the combustion is channelled to the turbine section 45.
  • the turbine section 45 comprises a number of turbine blades 46 carrying discs attached to the shaft 47.
  • two discs each carry an annular array of the turbine blades 46 are shown.
  • the number of blade carrying discs could be different, for instance only one disc or more than two discs.
  • guiding vanes 48 which are fixed to a stator of the gas turbine 40, are disposed between the turbine blades 46. The combustion gas from the combustion chamber 63 enters the turbine section 45 and drives the turbine blades 46 which in return rotates the shaft 47.
  • the guiding vanes 48 serve to optimise the angle of the combustion exhaust gas on the turbine blades 46.
  • the aforesaid object is achieved by a calibration means for a swirler of a burner of a gas turbine, the swirler comprising a plurality of vanes and a plurality of mixing channels between the vanes, wherein each mixing channels is enable to direct air from a radially outer end of the mixing channel to a radially inner end of the mixing channel.
  • the calibration means according to the invention is characterized in that the calibration means can be arranged at the swirler in such a way that the calibration means is enabled to manipulate the flow of the channelled air in at least one of the mixing channels.
  • the swirler described in the preamble is used in a burner of a gas turbine to produce an air/fuel mixture.
  • This air/fuel mixture is afterwards burned in a combustion chamber of the burner.
  • a calibration means according to the invention allows to use a ready built swirler in a burner of a gas turbine and to achieve an especially uniform distribution of the air/fuel mixture provided by the swirler without exchanging the swirler in total.
  • the calibration means according to the invention is able to manipulate the flow of the channelled air in at least one of the mixing channels.
  • the flow of the channelled air in this at least one mixing channel of the swirler can be changed such that the swirler in total provides a uniform air/fuel mixture distribution.
  • the calibration means can enhance turbulences in the channelled air in the at least one mixing channel of the swirler and therefore enhance the mixing of the air with fuel fluid.
  • a broad variety of swirlers can be adapted to be used in a specific burner of a gas turbine. Only the calibration means has to be chosen such that with a specific swirler a uniform distribution of the air/fuel mixture provided by the swirler can be achieved.
  • calibration means according to the invention can be characterized in that the calibration means can be arranged at and/or near the radially outer end of the mixing channels.
  • fuel outlets can be arranged in the mixing channels of the swirler.
  • a flow of the channelled air in the mixing channels of the swirler with an improved evenness and a better turbulence characteristic respectively can be created.
  • Such an improved stream of channelled air in the mixing channels mixes better with the fuel provided from the fuel outlets.
  • a positioning of calibration means according to the invention at and/or near the radially outer end of the mixing channel allows ensuring all effects mentioned above in a very easy way, and especially ensures that the calibration means according to the invention is placed before fuel outlets arranged in the mixing channels.
  • the calibration means is attached to a closing plate, wherein the closing plate is enabled to be arranged at the swirler.
  • closing plates With calibration means attached to a closing plate it is therefore especially easy to place the calibration means in such a position relative to the swirler, in which the calibration means are able to manipulate the flow of the channelled air in at least one of the mixing channels of the swirler.
  • a closing plate For a calibration of the swirler, especially to achieve a uniform distribution of the air/fuel mixture provided by the swirler, it is therefore sufficient, to choose a closing plate with appropriate calibration means to achieve this goal without changing the swirler in total. This reduces the costs of the calibration process of a swirler for a burner of a gas turbine.
  • calibration means according to the invention can be characterized in that the calibration means comprises a plurality of calibration elements; in particular the calibration means comprises a calibration element for each mixing channel, wherein each calibration element is enabled to manipulate flow of the channelled air in one of the mixing channels.
  • the calibration means comprises a plurality of calibration elements; in particular the calibration means comprises a calibration element for each mixing channel, wherein each calibration element is enabled to manipulate flow of the channelled air in one of the mixing channels.
  • the calibration's elements of the calibration means are constructed identically.
  • a calibration means with identical calibration elements can be especially produced more easily, because the construction process is the same for all of the calibration elements.
  • a very cost efficient production of the calibration elements of the calibration means can therefore be achieved.
  • the calibration elements of the calibration means are adapted for the respective mixing channel. Especially the calibration elements of the calibration means can be different from each other.
  • the adaption of a calibration element to a respective mixing channel of the swirler allows especial good calibration of the flow of the channelled air in this mixing channel.
  • a very uniform distribution of the channelled air in all of the mixing channels manipulated by calibration elements of the calibration means can therefore be achieved.
  • a burner of a gas turbine with a swirler with such calibration means can therefore achieve a very good burning performance, especially is able to run in a very low emission mode.
  • a calibration means comprises a blocking device to block at least partly the flow of the channelled air in at least one of the mixing channels, wherein in particular the blocking device comprises at least one aperture, in particular a hole.
  • a blocking device can be a calibration element according to the invention.
  • the amount of air in the respective mixing channel can be reduced in a controlled way.
  • such a blocking device produces on its edges turbulences in the flow of the channelled air. This causes a better mixing of the channelled air with fuel provided in the swirler.
  • Identical or different blocking devices for several or all of the mixing channels can be provided achieving the advantages already described above in respect to the calibration elements.
  • An aperture especially a hole, enhances the amount of turbulences caused in the channelled air by the blocking device.
  • a gain in turbulences in the channelled air improves the ability to mix with fuel provided in the swirler. An even better mixing of fuel and air can therefore be achieved.
  • the calibration means comprises a wire mesh to manipulate the flow of the channelled air in at least one of the mixing channels.
  • a wire mesh can be a calibration element according to the invention.
  • Such a wire mesh produces turbulences in the channelled air in a very easy way by the interaction of the wires of the wire mesh with the channelled air.
  • a wire mesh is very low in weight and easy to produce.
  • a wire mesh is a mass product and therefore low in costs.
  • the wire mesh completely covers the radially outer end of at least one of the mixing channels. This ensures a very efficient turbulence production in the channelled air caused by the wire mesh.
  • Preferentially all mixing channels are covered completely with the wire mesh.
  • the complete outer boundary of the swirler is circumferential covered with a wire mesh. This is a very easy way to automatically cover all radially outer ends of all mixing channels.
  • a calibration means can be provided, characterized in that the wire mesh has a uniform gauge.
  • Such a wire mesh is a bulk product and therefore extremely low in cost. This allows providing a calibration of a swirler in a very low cost regime.
  • the wire mesh has a non-uniform gauge, in particular along a height of the calibration means.
  • a non-uniform gauge an even better calibration, especially an individual calibration for each of the mixing channels, can be achieved.
  • a thinner gauge of wire is used for the wire mesh, causing more turbulence in this area. Therefore a better mixing of such manipulated air with the fuel provided from a fuel outlet can be achieved.
  • the mesh spacing and/or density can be altered; especially a mesh with 45° up to 90° can be used.
  • the wires of the wire mesh comprise turbulence generating elements, in particular the wires of the mesh are constructed as swirling elements.
  • Such swirler elements enhance further the turbulence production caused by the wire mesh and therefore improve the mixing of the manipulated channelled air with fuel provided in the swirler.
  • Such swirling elements can for instance be fins or ribs attached to the wires.
  • Alternative or additional the wires themselves can be constructed as swirling elements.
  • the wires can for instance be spiral-shank or serrated.
  • swirler elements or wires constructed as swirler elements are possible.
  • a swirler for a burner of a gas turbine comprising calibration means, a plurality of vanes and a plurality of mixing channels between the vanes, wherein each mixing channel is enabled to channel air from a radially outer end of the mixing channel to a radially inner end of the mixing channel.
  • a swirler according to the invention is characterized in that the calibration means is constructed according to the first aspect of the invention. The use of such a calibration means provides the same advantages, which have been discussed in detail according to the calibration means according to the first aspect of the invention.
  • a burner of a gas turbine comprising an air supply, a fuel supply, a swirler and a combustion chamber.
  • a burner according to the invention is characterized in that the swirler is constructed according to the second aspect of the invention.
  • the use of such a swirler provides the same advantages, which have been discussed in detail according to a swirler according to the second aspect of the invention.
  • a gas turbine comprising at least one burner.
  • a gas turbine according to the invention is characterized in that the burner is constructing according to the third aspect of the invention.
  • the use of such a burner provides the same advantages, which have been discussed in detail according to a burner according to the third aspect of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 a schematic view of a swirler 20 according to the invention is shown.
  • the swirler 20 comprises a plurality of vanes 21. Between the vanes 21 a plurality of mixing channels 22 are formed, the mixing channels 22 facilitates air form a radially outer end 24 to a radially inner end 23. Further a fuel supply 62 is shown, which is used to provide the fuel to be mixed in the swirler 20 with the channelled air.
  • the mixing channels 22 are caped with a closing plate 25. On this closing plate 25 calibration means 1 are attached.
  • the calibration means 1 are constructed as blocking devices 4 with apertures 5, the apertures shaped as holes 5.
  • a calibration element 3 especially shaped as a blocking device 4 is provided for each of the mixing channels 22 .
  • Air channelled in the mixing channels 22 is manipulated by the blocking devices 4.
  • the calibration means 1 has to be adapted to achieve a uniform flow of the channelled air through the several mixing channels 22. A replacement or exchange of the complete swirler 20 to achieve this goal is not necessary. That's why this is a very cost efficient way to calibrate a swirler 20 of a burner 60.
  • Fig. 3 shows another embodiment of calibrations means 1 for a swirler 20.
  • the calibration means 1 comprises a calibration element 3, in this case shaped as a wire mesh 6.
  • the wire mesh 6 covers the radially outer ends 24 of the two mixing channels 22 along the complete height 2 of the calibration means 1. This ensures a very efficient manipulation of the air channelled through the mixing channels 22 from the radially outer end 24 to the radially inner end 23.
  • the wires 7 of the wire mesh 6 can be equipped with swirling elements 8 such as fins or rips. Another possibility is that the wires 7 themselves are constructed as swirling elements 8, for instance the wires can be spiral-shanked or serrated. Such swirling elements 8 enhance the production of turbulence in the air channelled through the mixing channels 22 and therefore the mixing of air with fuel provided in the swirler 20.
  • calibration means allow a calibration of the channelled air in a swirler in a very easy and cost efficient way.
  • a swirler is chosen to be used in a burner of a gas turbine calibration means can be used to calibrate the chosen swirler and to allow a use of the swirler in the optimum location in a gas turbine with an optimum performance.
  • calibration means with different calibration elements such as blocking devices, wire mesh and/or swirling elements can be used to achieve an optimum calibration of the swirler.
  • a swirler with such a calibration means has several advantages. A more uniform temperature distribution in the combustion chamber of the burner using such a swirler with a calibration means can be achieved, thus resulting in a longer life time of hot components of the burner.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
EP13197795.1A 2013-12-17 2013-12-17 Moyen d'étalonnage pour l'ajustement du débit d'air d'un brûleur d'une turbine à gaz Withdrawn EP2886955A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13197795.1A EP2886955A1 (fr) 2013-12-17 2013-12-17 Moyen d'étalonnage pour l'ajustement du débit d'air d'un brûleur d'une turbine à gaz
US15/103,159 US20160305666A1 (en) 2013-12-17 2014-12-04 Method of calibrating the air flow of a swirler of a gas turbine burner
PCT/EP2014/076527 WO2015090993A1 (fr) 2013-12-17 2014-12-04 Procédé d'étalonnage du flux d'air d'un dispositif de turbulence d'un brûleur de turbine à gaz
EP14812424.1A EP3084299A1 (fr) 2013-12-17 2014-12-04 Procédé d'étalonnage du flux d'air d'un dispositif de turbulence d'un brûleur de turbine à gaz

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13197795.1A EP2886955A1 (fr) 2013-12-17 2013-12-17 Moyen d'étalonnage pour l'ajustement du débit d'air d'un brûleur d'une turbine à gaz

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2886955A1 true EP2886955A1 (fr) 2015-06-24

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Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13197795.1A Withdrawn EP2886955A1 (fr) 2013-12-17 2013-12-17 Moyen d'étalonnage pour l'ajustement du débit d'air d'un brûleur d'une turbine à gaz
EP14812424.1A Withdrawn EP3084299A1 (fr) 2013-12-17 2014-12-04 Procédé d'étalonnage du flux d'air d'un dispositif de turbulence d'un brûleur de turbine à gaz

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14812424.1A Withdrawn EP3084299A1 (fr) 2013-12-17 2014-12-04 Procédé d'étalonnage du flux d'air d'un dispositif de turbulence d'un brûleur de turbine à gaz

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US20160305666A1 (fr)
EP (2) EP2886955A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2015090993A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4001754A1 (fr) * 2020-11-23 2022-05-25 Universiteit Antwerpen Chambre de vortex

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10234142B2 (en) * 2016-04-15 2019-03-19 Solar Turbines Incorporated Fuel delivery methods in combustion engine using wide range of gaseous fuels
US11280495B2 (en) * 2020-03-04 2022-03-22 General Electric Company Gas turbine combustor fuel injector flow device including vanes

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19640818A1 (de) * 1996-10-02 1998-04-09 Siemens Ag Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Verbrennung eines Brennstoffs in Luft
GB2334087A (en) * 1998-02-03 1999-08-11 Combustion Technology Internat Combustor restrictor
GB2375601A (en) * 2001-05-18 2002-11-20 Siemens Ag Burner apparatus for reducing combustion vibrations
EP2239501A1 (fr) * 2009-04-06 2010-10-13 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Tourbillonnement, chambre à combustion, et turbine à gaz avec tourbillon amélioré

Family Cites Families (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1710502A (en) * 1926-05-12 1929-04-23 Matth Hohner Akt Ges Device for giving correct notes and harmonies in mouth organs
ITTO20050208A1 (it) * 2005-03-30 2006-09-30 Ansaldo Energia Spa Gruppo bruciatore a gas per una turbina a gas
EP1890083A1 (fr) * 2006-08-16 2008-02-20 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Injecteur de carburant pour une turbine à gaz
EP2837883B1 (fr) * 2013-08-16 2018-04-04 Ansaldo Energia Switzerland AG Chambre de combustion tubulaire pré-mélangée ayant des aubes ondulées pour le deuxième étage d'une turbine à gaz séquentielle

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19640818A1 (de) * 1996-10-02 1998-04-09 Siemens Ag Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Verbrennung eines Brennstoffs in Luft
GB2334087A (en) * 1998-02-03 1999-08-11 Combustion Technology Internat Combustor restrictor
GB2375601A (en) * 2001-05-18 2002-11-20 Siemens Ag Burner apparatus for reducing combustion vibrations
EP2239501A1 (fr) * 2009-04-06 2010-10-13 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Tourbillonnement, chambre à combustion, et turbine à gaz avec tourbillon amélioré

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4001754A1 (fr) * 2020-11-23 2022-05-25 Universiteit Antwerpen Chambre de vortex
WO2022106494A3 (fr) * 2020-11-23 2022-07-07 Universiteit Antwerpen Chambre à vortex

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3084299A1 (fr) 2016-10-26
WO2015090993A1 (fr) 2015-06-25
US20160305666A1 (en) 2016-10-20

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