EP2886723B1 - Ribbed foundation for superstructures and method for producing the foundation - Google Patents

Ribbed foundation for superstructures and method for producing the foundation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2886723B1
EP2886723B1 EP13800718.2A EP13800718A EP2886723B1 EP 2886723 B1 EP2886723 B1 EP 2886723B1 EP 13800718 A EP13800718 A EP 13800718A EP 2886723 B1 EP2886723 B1 EP 2886723B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
foundation
ribs
concrete
slab
superstructures
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP13800718.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2886723A1 (en
EP2886723A4 (en
Inventor
Cesar Abad Huber
Jorge Franco Rey
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gestamp Hybrid Towers SL
Original Assignee
Gestamp Hybrid Towers SL
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from ES201230877A external-priority patent/ES2388161B1/es
Priority claimed from ES201330083A external-priority patent/ES2406390B1/es
Application filed by Gestamp Hybrid Towers SL filed Critical Gestamp Hybrid Towers SL
Priority to PL13800718T priority Critical patent/PL2886723T3/pl
Publication of EP2886723A1 publication Critical patent/EP2886723A1/en
Publication of EP2886723A4 publication Critical patent/EP2886723A4/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2886723B1 publication Critical patent/EP2886723B1/en
Priority to HRP20170901TT priority patent/HRP20170901T1/hr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/42—Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/01—Flat foundations
    • E02D27/016—Flat foundations made mainly from prefabricated concrete elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/01—Flat foundations
    • E02D27/02—Flat foundations without substantial excavation
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/01—Flat foundations
    • E02D27/08—Reinforcements for flat foundations
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/42—Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys
    • E02D27/425—Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys specially adapted for wind motors masts

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a reinforced-concrete foundation system for erecting superstructures that transmit high axial loads, shearing forces and/or bending moments at individual points, such as wind turbines.
  • the foundation object of the present invention is formed by an upper reinforced-concrete slab poured "in situ", having a polygonal or circular footprint, and which is made rigid at the bottom by means of reinforced-concrete ribs of a rectangular or trapezial cross-section which are arranged radially.
  • the method envisages said ribs being made with concrete "in situ”, or alternatively by means of prefabricated elements, always working integrally with the upper slab.
  • This new foundation seeks to considerably reduce costs for building conventional foundations for such superstructures by considerably improving completion deadlines.
  • the type of foundation most frequently used today for superstructures such as wind turbines is a foundation slab having different footprint configurations: they can be square, circular, hexagonal, octagonal, etc.
  • the edge of the slab can be constant or variable for the purpose of optimizing the use of concrete.
  • Patent application PCT WO2004/101898 describes a circular foundation based on prefabricated triangular sections. This solution requires completely emptying out the excavated cavity, resulting in an inverted T-shaped concrete section that does not involve any structural advantage because the width of the compressed concrete head is very small. This means that when calculating bending, the neutral axis will be lower and there will be a smaller mechanical arm, the need for reinforcement increasing and sectional ductility considerably dropping.
  • Spanish patent application ES-2347742 describes a cone-shaped foundation together with a lower planar ring-shaped slab. It is a very complex solution to implement and presents serious questions concerning its structural performance.
  • the type of foundation for these superstructures is a very well-known and easy to calculate and design technical solution, and the simplicity thereof further simplifies the formwork and construction.
  • such foundations have the drawback of being quite large, so the use of steel and concrete as well as the volume of earth that is removed is extraordinarily high, all of which noticeably increases the economic cost of the structure.
  • the impact of the cost of the foundation on the cost of the structure is higher the larger the superstructure is; for example, in the case of wind turbines, an increase in shaft height from 80 m to 120 m (50%) produces a 300% foundation cost increment.
  • This problem is very real due to the tendency to building more and more high-powered wind turbines with a shaft height of 120 m, which produces a cost increment for producing the foundation, making it a weak competitor for all these conventional systems of producing reinforced-concrete foundations.
  • the present invention presents a solution formed by an upper reinforced-concrete slab poured "in situ" having a polygonal or circular footprint and which is made rigid at the bottom by means of reinforced-concrete ribs of a rectangular or trapezial cross-section which are arranged radially stemming from a central core.
  • the concrete for the ribs is poured directly on the previously excavated terrain, whereas the slab rests on the terrain that has not been removed, acting as permanent formwork.
  • the solution consisting of an upper slab and ribs making the slab rigid at the bottom refers to the arrangement of both elements with respect to the surface of the ground where the foundation is built, where the slab is arranged first and the stiffening ribs would be arranged below the slab.
  • the stiffening ribs can be made with concrete "in situ” or can be prefabricated, always working integrally with the upper slab, and they can have a constant or variable edge, either a stepped edge or an edge having a constant slope, the section thereof decreasing as it moves away from the central core of the slab.
  • stiffening ribs that are entirely prefabricated, said ribs will be provided with projecting reinforcement for connection with the slab built "in situ".
  • the stiffening ribs could also be made by means of semi-prefabricated elements, such as double-walled parts, for example, which remain embedded when the concrete is poured to form the foundation.
  • the foundation object of the present invention is formed by an upper reinforced-concrete slab poured "in situ" having a circular or polygonal footprint and which is made rigid at the bottom by means of reinforced-concrete ribs of a rectangular or trapezial cross-section which are arranged radially.
  • the reinforced-concrete ribs are of a trapezial cross-section, the ribs will be wider in the upper part thereof in contact with the slab, in order to make use of the excavation embankments as permanent formwork, increasing the resistant concrete section.
  • Said foundation is obtained by pouring the concrete "in situ" directly on the terrain that has not been removed and acts as permanent formwork. All the reinforcement necessary for the slab and ribs is put in place prior to pouring the concrete.
  • a T-shaped resistant section having high structural efficiency is generated because compressions are absorbed by the upper slab and tensions are resolved by reinforcements housed in the bottom part of the inside of the stiffening ribs.
  • stepping can be made in the excavation of the ribs, thereby varying the edge thereof, which decreases as it moves away from the center of the slab.
  • Said ribs can be made with concrete "in situ", or they can be entirely or partially prefabricated, always working integrally with the upper slab.
  • piles can be made under the stiffening ribs, the structural design of the footing therefore being suitable for both superficial and deep foundations.
  • the terrain is improved by means of columns of gravel under the stiffening ribs.
  • the upper slab does not necessarily have to be formed by a single part entirely covering the stiffening ribs from their inner end to their outer end, rather said upper slab can be formed by several portions, a first portion covering the central core of the stiffening ribs.
  • portion refers to a part of the central slab which is physically separated from other possible portions of said slab.
  • the central core is where the inner ends of the different stiffening ribs are joined to one another, and it is therefore considered to be an integral part of said stiffening ribs.
  • the simplest configuration of the upper slab of the invention coincides with a single portion of upper slab covering only the inner ends of the stiffening ribs, i.e., covering only the central core.
  • the central slab is formed by two portions: a first portion covering the central core, and also a perimetral ring-shaped second portion separated from the first portion and connecting the outer ends of the ribs. The amount of concrete used is therefore reduced while at the same time maintaining good foundation performance because the second portion of the slab connecting the outer ends of the ribs makes the assembly rigid.
  • the central core furthermore has a hollow cylinder shape, thereby saving even more concrete and making the foundation more lightweight.
  • Figure 1 shows a perspective view of the system as a whole, formed by a foundation (3) and a shaft (4) in a construction for a wind turbine.
  • a foundation can be seen which is formed by an upper reinforced-concrete slab (1) poured "in situ" having a polygonal footprint, although it could be of any other shape, such as circular, for example, and which is made rigid at the bottom by means of reinforcing ribs (2) of a rectangular cross-section made by means reinforced-concrete and arranged radially.
  • Figures 6 and 7 show a calculation example.
  • the calculations are for a T-shaped section, and an ultimate resisting moment of 33,600 KNm and an x/h ratio of 0.16 are obtained.
  • the calculations are for an inverted T-shaped section, and an ultimate moment of 27,900 KNm and an x/d ratio of 0.62 are obtained.
  • the T-shaped section (object of the foundation of the present invention) is structurally more efficient for the type of forces to which the foundations object of this patent will be subjected, providing a 20% higher bending strength.
  • Sectional equilibrium requires that the resultant of tensions withstood by the reinforcement to be equal to the volume of compressions withstood by the concrete.
  • the T-shaped section has a much wider compression head, which allows the neutral axis to remain high, and the mechanical arm to be noticeably larger than in the case of the inverted T-shaped section.
  • ductility is much greater in the T-shaped section, which allows for the plastic redistribution of forces in plastic regime.
  • inverted T-shaped section shown has the same amount of reinforcement and concrete, it is much less ductile, so it will not have any capacity for the plastic redistribution of forces, behaving in a fragile manner.
  • the proposed T-shaped section has a dual advantage:
  • Figures 8-10 show embodiments where the concrete slab (1) does not cover the stiffening ribs in their entirety, rather only a part of them.
  • Figure 8 shows an example of a foundation comprising an upper slab (1) formed by a single portion covering the central core (7) of the stiffening ribs (2).
  • Figure 9 shows another example of a foundation where the upper slab (1) is formed by two portions: a first portion (1) similar to that shown in Figure 8 covering only the central core (7) of the stiffening ribs (2), and a perimetral ring-shaped second portion (6) connecting the outer ends of all the stiffening ribs (2). This allows reducing the total volume of concrete used while at the same time maintaining assembly rigidity.
  • Figure 10 shows another example of a foundation having an upper slab (1) similar to the one in Figure 8 , covering only the central core (7) of the stiffening ribs (2), and where the central core (7) furthermore has a hollow cylinder shape.
  • the weight of the assembly and the amount of material are doubly reduced in comparison with other embodiments of the invention where the slab (1) entirely covers the ribs (2) and the central core (7) is solid.
  • the mentioned foundation is obtained by pouring the concrete "in situ" directly on the terrain that has not been removed, acting as permanent formwork.
  • the natural embankments of the terrain that are generated when excavating the radial ribs are what provide the trapezial section of said ribs, noticeably improving their bearing capacity.
  • the method for producing the foundation could comprise the following steps:
  • stepping (5) can be made in the excavation of the ribs, as shown in Figure 2 , thereby varying the edge thereof, which decreases as it moves away from the center of the slab.
  • Said ribs can be made with concrete "in situ” or can be completely or partially prefabricated (such as with double-walled semi-prefabricated elements, for example), always working integrally with the upper slab.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Foundations (AREA)
  • Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)
EP13800718.2A 2012-06-06 2013-06-06 Ribbed foundation for superstructures and method for producing the foundation Not-in-force EP2886723B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL13800718T PL2886723T3 (pl) 2012-06-06 2013-06-06 Żebrowane fundamenty dla nadbudów i sposób wytwarzania fundamentu
HRP20170901TT HRP20170901T1 (hr) 2012-06-06 2017-06-13 Rebrasti temelj za superstrukture i metoda za izradu temelja

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES201230877A ES2388161B1 (es) 2012-06-06 2012-06-06 Cimentación nervada de superestructuras y procedimiento de realización de la cimentación
ES201330083A ES2406390B1 (es) 2013-01-25 2013-01-25 Perfeccionamientos en cimentación nervada de superestructuras y procedimiento de realización de la cimentación
PCT/ES2013/070367 WO2013182728A1 (es) 2012-06-06 2013-06-06 Cimentación nervada de superestructuras y procedimiento de realización de la cimentación

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2886723A1 EP2886723A1 (en) 2015-06-24
EP2886723A4 EP2886723A4 (en) 2016-11-16
EP2886723B1 true EP2886723B1 (en) 2017-03-15

Family

ID=49711456

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13800718.2A Not-in-force EP2886723B1 (en) 2012-06-06 2013-06-06 Ribbed foundation for superstructures and method for producing the foundation

Country Status (13)

Country Link
US (1) US20150121784A1 (es)
EP (1) EP2886723B1 (es)
CN (1) CN104603367B (es)
AU (1) AU2013273463B2 (es)
CA (1) CA2875927A1 (es)
CL (1) CL2014003338A1 (es)
DK (1) DK2886723T3 (es)
HR (1) HRP20170901T1 (es)
MX (1) MX349972B (es)
PL (1) PL2886723T3 (es)
PT (1) PT2886723T (es)
WO (1) WO2013182728A1 (es)
ZA (1) ZA201409032B (es)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6436256B1 (ja) * 2017-07-04 2018-12-12 株式会社タケウチ建設 建築物の基礎構造、及びその施工方法
US11283395B2 (en) 2018-03-23 2022-03-22 Nextracker Inc. Multiple actuator system for solar tracker
JP6685560B2 (ja) * 2018-05-28 2020-04-22 中村物産有限会社 風力発電装置用基礎構造
US11387771B2 (en) 2018-06-07 2022-07-12 Nextracker Llc Helical actuator system for solar tracker
AT522250A1 (de) * 2019-02-28 2020-09-15 Holcim Technology Ltd Fundament für eine Windkraftanlage
US11050383B2 (en) 2019-05-21 2021-06-29 Nextracker Inc Radial cam helix with 0 degree stow for solar tracker
JP6868301B1 (ja) * 2019-12-02 2021-05-12 株式会社タケウチ建設 建築物の基礎構造、及びその施工方法

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
MX2014014991A (es) 2015-11-06
PL2886723T3 (pl) 2017-10-31
AU2013273463A1 (en) 2015-01-22
WO2013182728A1 (es) 2013-12-12
DK2886723T3 (en) 2017-06-19
US20150121784A1 (en) 2015-05-07
CN104603367B (zh) 2018-02-13
EP2886723A1 (en) 2015-06-24
EP2886723A4 (en) 2016-11-16
ZA201409032B (en) 2015-12-23
AU2013273463B2 (en) 2017-06-15
CN104603367A (zh) 2015-05-06
MX349972B (es) 2017-08-23
PT2886723T (pt) 2017-06-08
HRP20170901T1 (hr) 2017-10-20
CA2875927A1 (en) 2013-12-12
CL2014003338A1 (es) 2015-07-24

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