EP2873849A1 - Valve for measuring out fluid - Google Patents

Valve for measuring out fluid Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2873849A1
EP2873849A1 EP20140184698 EP14184698A EP2873849A1 EP 2873849 A1 EP2873849 A1 EP 2873849A1 EP 20140184698 EP20140184698 EP 20140184698 EP 14184698 A EP14184698 A EP 14184698A EP 2873849 A1 EP2873849 A1 EP 2873849A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
sleeve
valve needle
armature
magnetic core
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP20140184698
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2873849B1 (en
Inventor
Ralf Kromer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP2873849A1 publication Critical patent/EP2873849A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2873849B1 publication Critical patent/EP2873849B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/007—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of the groups F02M63/0014 - F02M63/0059
    • F02M63/0071—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of the groups F02M63/0014 - F02M63/0059 characterised by guiding or centering means in valves including the absence of any guiding means, e.g. "flying arrangements"
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0625—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
    • F02M51/0664—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding
    • F02M51/0671—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature having an elongated valve body attached thereto
    • F02M51/0675—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature having an elongated valve body attached thereto the valve body having cylindrical guiding or metering portions, e.g. with fuel passages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0625—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
    • F02M51/0664—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding
    • F02M51/0685—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature and the valve being allowed to move relatively to each other or not being attached to each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
    • F02M61/10—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type
    • F02M61/12—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type characterised by the provision of guiding or centring means for valve bodies
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/20—Closing valves mechanically, e.g. arrangements of springs or weights or permanent magnets; Damping of valve lift
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/007—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of the groups F02M63/0014 - F02M63/0059
    • F02M63/0075—Stop members in valves, e.g. plates or disks limiting the movement of armature, valve or spring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/28—Details of throttles in fuel-injection apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/50—Arrangements of springs for valves used in fuel injectors or fuel injection pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/80—Fuel injection apparatus manufacture, repair or assembly
    • F02M2200/8061—Fuel injection apparatus manufacture, repair or assembly involving press-fit, i.e. interference or friction fit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/90—Selection of particular materials
    • F02M2200/9053—Metals
    • F02M2200/9069—Non-magnetic metals

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a valve for metering fluid according to the preamble of claim 1, wherein the standing for a flowing or flowing medium, superordinate term fluid is used in accordance with the fluid flow theory for gases and liquids.
  • a known fuel injection valve ( DE 101 08 945 A1 ) has a sleeve-shaped nozzle body which is closed by a valve seat body with an injection opening enclosed by a valve seat.
  • a valve chamber which is in communication with a fuel inlet.
  • the injection opening controlling valve needle which carries a forming a sealing seat with the valve seat closing head.
  • a T-shaped carrier is firmly inserted into the hollow valve needle, on which a cylindrical guide element for sliding the valve needle in the magnetic core is formed, which dips into the inner pole or magnetic core of an electromagnet for valve needle actuation.
  • a valve closing spring is arranged coaxially with the valve needle, which is supported on the one hand on the guide element of the driver and on the other hand on a pressed-in in the magnetic core sleeve.
  • the electromagnet has a magnetic coil arranged coaxially with the magnetic core, a magnet pot enclosing the magnetic coil concentrically, the pot bottom side with the magnet pot Nozzle body firmly connected and pot opening side is connected via a magnetic yoke to the magnetic core, and a slidably mounted on the driver armature, which limits a working air gap with the magnetic core.
  • a stop shoulder At the armature facing end face of the driver is a stop shoulder and arranged on the side facing away from the stop shoulder side of the armature on the valve pin anchor stop. Stop shoulder and anchor stop limit a free path or forward stroke of the armature, which is smaller than the axial gap width of the working air gap.
  • the armature At the end of the complete armature stroke, the armature abuts against the pole face of the magnetic core, and the ejection opening is completely released, so that the fuel under pressure in the valve chamber is sprayed off in a metered quantity via the ejection opening.
  • the valve closing spring on the driver and the valve needle presses the closing head on the valve seat, and the Vorhubfeder pushes the armature against the anchor stop.
  • the valve according to the invention for metering fluid with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that as seen through the displacement of the inset in the magnetic core guide element for the valve needle from the armature beyond the valve closing spring of the inner diameter of the magnetic core in its end faces carrying the pole faces are made smaller can, so that the available for the installation of the armature pole face of the magnetic core is larger area.
  • the magnetic force acting on the armature increases while the current of the electromagnet is unchanged.
  • the electromagnet can be designed to have lower power.
  • the relocation of the guide element opens behind the valve closing spring the possibility to use the guide element for other functions, such as support of the valve closing spring and / or magnetic separation of valve needle and magnetic core.
  • the guide element is fixed in the magnetic core and takes on the one hand centrally an end portion of the valve needle axially displaceable and on the other hand takes over the magnetic core side support of the valve closing spring.
  • the guide element is designed as a hollow-cylindrical sleeve with a sleeve wall delimited by an inner and outer surface, which has a guide region for the valve needle and a pressing region for pressing into the magnetic core.
  • the guide region and pressing region each extend over an axial section of the sleeve.
  • the inner surface of the sleeve is designed as a guide surface for the valve needle, and between the outer surface of the sleeve and the inner surface of the hollow cylindrical magnetic core, a radial clearance is present.
  • the sleeve In the press area of the sleeve, the sleeve has a press fit to the magnetic core via its outer surface.
  • the pressing region is slotted, so provided the sleeve wall with at least one radial slot.
  • the radial slot also allows a precise positioning of the sleeve during their pressing into the magnetic core and thus a sensitive fine adjustment of the spring force of the valve closing spring.
  • the sleeve is made as a separate component and is firmly connected to the valve needle after installation of armature and valve closing spring.
  • the material for the valve needle can be selected independently of the valve needle.
  • the guide and press area of the sleeve are separated by a constriction, the constriction being realized by an axial section reduced between the guide and press areas is.
  • the axial length of the at least one radial slot in the pressing region of the sleeve extends into the constriction.
  • the sleeve has at least one passage channel for the fluid, which is designed as a throttle channel.
  • a throttling channel allows a hydraulic throttling of the fluid flow flowing from the fluid inlet to the metering opening.
  • the throttle channel can be realized structurally diverse.
  • the at least one throttle channel is realized by at least one axial groove, which is incorporated in the guide surface in the guide region of the sleeve and bounded by the valve needle section guided on the guide surface.
  • the at least one throttle channel can also be incorporated as at least one longitudinal groove in the outer surface of the sleeve in the pressing region and limited by the inner surface of the hollow cylindrical magnetic core.
  • the throttle channel can also be designed as an axial bore running in the sleeve wall of the sleeve.
  • the sleeve is made of a non-magnetic material, that is, of a magnetically non or poorly conductive material.
  • the already responsible for needle guide, closing force setting for the valve closing spring and throttling the fluid flow sleeve still takes on the additional function of magnetic separation of a magnetically conductive material existing valve needle and the magnetic core, so that the magnetic flux of the electromagnet via armature and working air gap to the magnetic core not by a is weakened via anchor, valve needle, sleeve and magnetic core forming, parallel flow path is weakened.
  • the armature can be fixedly arranged on the valve needle or be displaceable relative to the valve needle to improve the opening dynamics of the valve on the valve needle.
  • This free path or forward stroke called displacement of the armature is limited by a stop shoulder and an anchor stop, which are arranged on mutually remote sides of the armature fixed to the valve needle.
  • the stop shoulder is fixed to a valve needle, z. B. welded ring, which serves to support the valve closing spring.
  • a forward stroke spring loads the armature in the direction of the anchor stop and applies the armature to the anchor stop when the electromagnet is not energized.
  • the Vorhubfeder is pushed onto the side facing away from the working air gap side of the armature on the valve needle and is based on the anchor stop and on a loose sitting on the valve needle spring plate, whose plate is fixed to the anchor. Unlike the known valve described above, this arrangement of the Vorhubfeder requires no spring space inside the magnetic core and is not contrary to the formation of the magnetic core with the smallest possible inner diameter.
  • Sectionally shown in longitudinal section valve for metering fluid is preferably used as an injection valve for injecting fuel in a fuel injection system of internal combustion engines. However, it can also be used in gas engines or in heating systems for the metered metering of fluid fuel or as a metering valve for injecting a fluid reducing agent in the exhaust tract of an internal combustion engine for the purpose of reducing nitrogen oxides use.
  • the valve has a metering port 12 communicating with a fluid inlet 11 and a valve needle 13 controlling the metering port 12 by means of a closing head 131 which is acted upon by a valve closing spring 14 to close the metering port 12 and by an electromagnet 15 to release the metering port 12 the closing force of the valve closing spring 14 is actuated.
  • the closing head 131 is guided in a valve seat body 16 which has the metering opening 12 and a valve seat 17 enclosing the metering opening 12 and forming a sealing seat with the closing head 131 of the valve needle 13.
  • the valve seat body 16 closes off a kanness workedes end of a tubular valve housing 18 in a fluid-tight manner, while in the inlet-side, the other end of the valve housing 18, a fluid inlet 11 containing the connecting piece 19 is inserted.
  • the electromagnet 15 has a magnetic coil 20 which, when energized in a known manner, a magnetic flux in a closed magnetic circuit of inner and outer pole, which are coupled via a magnetic yoke 24, an armature 23 and between the end face of the armature 23 and the pole face the mecanicpol lying working air gap 25 generates.
  • a fixed in the valve housing 18, hollow cylindrical magnetic core 21 forms the inner pole and a concentric magnetic pot 22 to the outer pole.
  • the magnetic pot 22 is fixed with a smaller diameter pot portion on the valve housing 18, for example, welded, and surrounds with a larger diameter pot portion sitting on the valve housing 18 solenoid 20.
  • the hollow cylindrical magnetic core 21 is firmly inserted into the valve housing 18.
  • the magnetic coil 20 is seated on the annular cup bottom connecting the pot sections 221 and 222, and the magnetic yoke 24 connects above the magnetic coil 20 the magnetic pot 22 with the valve housing 18 made of magnetically conductive material.
  • a constriction 26 is provided in the valve housing 18 in the region of the working air gap 24, which creates a magnetic bottleneck with a high magnetic resistance in the valve housing 18.
  • the armature 23 may be fixedly arranged on the valve needle 13.
  • the armature 23 is arranged axially displaceable on the valve needle 13, wherein its displacement relative to the valve needle 13, the so-called.
  • Freewheel or forward stroke of the armature 23, which is smaller than the axial gap width of the working air gap 25, is determined by a stop shoulder 27 and an anchor stop 28, which are arranged on mutually remote sides of the armature 23 fixed to the valve needle 13.
  • the stop shoulder 27 is in this case formed on a ring 29 fastened to the valve needle 16, namely on the end face of the ring 29 facing the armature 23.
  • a forward stroke spring 30 urges the armature 23 so that it is pressed against the armature stop 28, wherein the Freewheel or forward stroke of the armature 23 between facing end faces of armature 23 and stop shoulder 27 sets.
  • the forward stroke spring 30 is supported, on the one hand, on the armature stop 28 and, on the other hand, on the plate bottom of a valve cone 13 loosely enclosing, approximately conical spring plate 31, the rim of which is secured to the armature 23, e.g. welded, is.
  • the valve needle 13 is slidably guided at its end close to the closing end by means of a guide element 32 arranged in the interior of the hollow cylindrical magnetic core 21.
  • the valve closing spring 14 is loosely pushed onto the valve needle 13 in the region of the magnetic core 21 and axially supported on the magnetic core side and valve needle side, the valve needle-side support being made on the ring 29 carrying the stop shoulder 27.
  • the guide element 32 is arranged on the side facing away from the armature 23 end of the valve closing spring 14, that is seen from the armature 23 from beyond the valve closing spring 14, respectively.
  • the guide element 32 is fixed in the magnetic core 21 and takes on the one hand centrally the end portion of the valve needle 13 axially displaceable and on the other hand takes over the magnetic core side support the valve closing spring 14.
  • the guide member 32 is limited as a hollow cylindrical sleeve 33 with an inner and outer surface Muff wall formed having a guide portion 331 for the valve needle 13 and a pressing portion 332 for pressing in the magnetic core 21.
  • Guide region 331 and pressing region 332 are arranged axially one behind the other and separated from one another by a constriction 333 which is formed by an axial section of the sleeve 33 reduced in outer diameter.
  • the inner surface of the sleeve 33 as a guide surface 34 for the Valve needle 13 is formed and there is a radial clearance between the outer surface of the sleeve 33 and the inner surface of the magnetic core 21.
  • the sleeve 33 has a press fit 35 to the magnetic core 21 via its outer surface. In order to limit the pressing force, the sleeve wall is slotted in the pressing region 332.
  • the at least one radial slot 36 extends in the pressing region 332 radially to the inner surface of the sleeve 33 and extends axially into the constriction 333 forming axial portion of the sleeve 33.
  • the annular free end face of the guide portion 331 of the sleeve 33 provides an abutment for the valve closing spring 14th represents.
  • the armature 23 has at least one axial channel 37 and, on the other hand, the sleeve 33 has at least one passage channel which is used for throttling the fluid flow and is referred to as throttle channel 38.
  • the at least one throttle channel 38 is formed by an incorporated into the inner surface of the sleeve 33 axial groove which interrupts the guide surface 34 in the guide portion 331 of the sleeve 33 and is covered by guided in the guide surface 34 needle portion of the valve needle 13.
  • the throttle channel 38 may also extend between the outer surface of the sleeve 33 and the inner wall of the magnetic core 21.
  • an axial groove is incorporated in the outer surface of the sleeve 33, which is closed by pressing the sleeve 33 in the magnetic core 21 of the inner wall of the magnetic core 21.
  • the throttle channel 38 can also be introduced into the sleeve wall itself as an axial bore extending parallel to the sleeve axis.
  • the sleeve 33 is non-magnetic, that is made of a magnetically not or only poorly conductive material, so that the valve needle 13 with closing head 131, sleeve 39 and anchor stop 28 may consist of magnetically conductive material.
  • the non-magnetic sleeve 33 prevents a magnetic flux parallel to the working air gap 25 via the valve needle 13 to the magnetic core 21, which would lead to a significant flow loss in the working air gap 25.
  • the already used for sliding the valve needle 13, closing force adjustment of the valve closing spring 14 and fluid flow throttling multi-function sleeve 33 takes over the further function of the magnetic separation of magnetically conductive valve needle 13 and magnetic core 21st

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)

Abstract

Es wird ein Ventil zum Zumessen von Fluid angegeben, das eine von einer Ventilschließfeder (14) und einem Elektromagneten (15) betätigte Ventilnadel (13) zum Steuern einer Zumessöffnung (12) aufweist. Der Elektromagnet (15) besitzt einen hohlzylindrischen Magnetkern (21) und einen dazu koaxialen, an der Ventilnadel (13) angreifenden Magnetkern (21). Die Ventilschließfeder (14) ist innerhalb des Magnetkerns (21) auf der Ventilnadel (13) angeordnet und magnetkernseitig und ventilnadelseitig abgestützt. Im Magnetkern (21) ist ein Führungselement (32) zur Gleitführung der Ventilnadel (13) aufgenommen. Um den Innendruchmesser des hohlzylindrischen Magnetkerns (21) im Bereich seiner dem Anker (23) gegenüberliegenden Polflächen möglichst klein zu halten, ist das Führungselement (32) vom Anker (23) aus gesehen jenseits der Ventilschließfeder (14) angeordnet, wobei es im Magnetkern (21) festgelegt ist, zentral einen Endabschnitt der Ventilnadel (13) axial verschieblich aufnimmt und die magnetkernseitige Abstützung der Ventilschließfeder (14) übernimmt.The invention relates to a valve for metering fluid, which has a valve needle (13) actuated by a valve closing spring (14) and an electromagnet (15) for controlling an orifice (12). The electromagnet (15) has a hollow cylindrical magnetic core (21) and a coaxial thereto, on the valve needle (13) attacking magnetic core (21). The valve closing spring (14) is arranged inside the magnet core (21) on the valve needle (13) and is supported on the magnetic core side and on the valve needle side. In the magnetic core (21), a guide element (32) is received for sliding the valve needle (13). In order to keep the inner diameter of the hollow cylindrical magnetic core (21) as small as possible in the area of its pole faces opposite the armature (23), the guide element (32) is arranged beyond the valve closing spring (14) as seen from the armature (23). 21), centrally receives an end portion of the valve needle (13) axially displaceable and takes over the magnetic core-side support of the valve closing spring (14).

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Ventil zum Zumessen von Fluid nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1, wobei der für ein strömendes oder fließendes Medium stehende, übergeordnete Begriff Fluid in Übereinstimmung mit der Strömungslehre für Gase und Flüssigkeiten verwendet wird.The invention is based on a valve for metering fluid according to the preamble of claim 1, wherein the standing for a flowing or flowing medium, superordinate term fluid is used in accordance with the fluid flow theory for gases and liquids.

Ein bekanntes Brennstoffeinspritzventil ( DE 101 08 945 A1 ) weist einen hülsenförmigen Düsenkörper auf, der von einem Ventilsitzkörper mit einer von einem Ventilsitz umschlossenen Abspritzöffnung abgeschlossen ist. Im Düsenkörper ist der Abspritzöffnung eine Ventilkammer vorgelagert, die mit einem Brennstoffzulauf in Verbindung steht. In den Düsenkörper taucht eine die Abspritzöffnung steuernde Ventilnadel ein, die einen mit dem Ventilsitz einen Dichtsitz bildenden Schließkopf trägt. An dem vom Schließkopf abgekehrten Nadelende ist in die hohle Ventilnadel ein im Profil T-förmiger Mitnehmer fest eingesteckt, an dem ein in den Innenpol oder Magnetkern eines Elektromagneten zur Ventilnadelbetätigung eintauchendes, zylindrisches Führungselement zur Gleitführung der Ventilnadel im Magnetkern ausgebildet ist. Im Innern des Magnetkerns ist koaxial zur Ventilnadel eine Ventilschließfeder angeordnet, die sich einerseits am Führungselement des Mitnehmers und andererseits an eine in den Magnetkern eingepresste Hülse abstützt. Durch die von der Ventilschließfeder über den Mitnehmer auf die Ventilnadel aufgebrachte Schließkraft wird der Schließkopf auf den Ventilsitz aufgepresst, so dass die Abspritzöffnung verschlossen ist. Die Schließkraft der Ventilschließfeder wird durch die Position der eingepressten Hülse eingestellt. Der Elektromagnet weist eine koaxial zum Magnetkern angeordnete Magnetspule, einen die Magnetspule konzentrisch umschließenden Magnettopf, der topfbodenseitig mit dem Düsenkörper fest verbunden und topföffnungsseitig über einen magnetischen Rückschluss an dem Magnetkern angebunden ist, sowie einen auf dem Mitnehmer verschieblich sitzenden Anker auf, der mit dem Magnetkern einen Arbeitsluftspalt begrenzt. An der dem Anker zugekehrten Stirnfläche des Mitnehmers ist eine Anschlagschulter und auf der von der Anschlagschulter abgekehrten Seite des Ankers an der Ventilnadel ein Ankeranschlag angeordnet. Anschlagschulter und Ankeranschlag begrenzen einen Freiweg oder Vorhub des Ankers, der kleiner ist als die axiale Spaltbreite des Arbeitsluftspalts. Eine auf einen durchmesserreduzierten Abschnitt des Mitnehmers aufgeschobene Vorhubfeder stützt sich einerseits am Anker und andererseits am Führungselement ab und drückt den Anker gegen den Ankeranschlag. Bei Bestromen der Magnetspule des Elektromagneten führt der Anker zunächst den Freiweg oder Vorhub relativ zur Ventilnadel aus, bis er an der Anschlagschulter am Mitnehmer anschlägt und dadurch der Ventilnadel einen mechanischen Öffnungspuls verleiht. Bei der weiteren Ankerbewegung wird der Mitnehmer und über den Mitnehmer die Ventilnadel mitgeführt, wodurch der Schließkopf beginnt, sich vom Ventilsitz abzuheben. Am Ende des vollständigen Ankerhubs schlägt der Anker an der Polfläche des Magnetkerns an, und die Abspritzöffnung ist vollständig freigegeben, so dass der in der Ventilkammer unter Druck stehende Brennstoff über die Abspritzöffnung in einer dosierten Menge abgespritzt wird. Bei Wegfall der Bestromung der Magnetspule drückt die Ventilschließfeder über den Mitnehmer und die Ventilnadel den Schließkopf auf den Ventilsitz auf, und die Vorhubfeder drückt den Anker gegen den Ankeranschlag.A known fuel injection valve ( DE 101 08 945 A1 ) has a sleeve-shaped nozzle body which is closed by a valve seat body with an injection opening enclosed by a valve seat. In the nozzle body of the ejection opening is preceded by a valve chamber which is in communication with a fuel inlet. In the nozzle body immerses the injection opening controlling valve needle, which carries a forming a sealing seat with the valve seat closing head. At the needle end remote from the closing head, a T-shaped carrier is firmly inserted into the hollow valve needle, on which a cylindrical guide element for sliding the valve needle in the magnetic core is formed, which dips into the inner pole or magnetic core of an electromagnet for valve needle actuation. In the interior of the magnetic core, a valve closing spring is arranged coaxially with the valve needle, which is supported on the one hand on the guide element of the driver and on the other hand on a pressed-in in the magnetic core sleeve. By the force applied by the valve closing spring on the driver on the valve needle closing force of the closing head is pressed onto the valve seat, so that the injection opening is closed. The closing force of the valve closing spring is adjusted by the position of the pressed-in sleeve. The electromagnet has a magnetic coil arranged coaxially with the magnetic core, a magnet pot enclosing the magnetic coil concentrically, the pot bottom side with the magnet pot Nozzle body firmly connected and pot opening side is connected via a magnetic yoke to the magnetic core, and a slidably mounted on the driver armature, which limits a working air gap with the magnetic core. At the armature facing end face of the driver is a stop shoulder and arranged on the side facing away from the stop shoulder side of the armature on the valve pin anchor stop. Stop shoulder and anchor stop limit a free path or forward stroke of the armature, which is smaller than the axial gap width of the working air gap. A pushed onto a diameter-reduced portion of the driver Vorhubfeder supported on the one hand on the armature and on the other hand on the guide element and presses the armature against the anchor stop. When the magnet coil of the electromagnet is energized, the armature firstly executes the free travel or preliminary stroke relative to the valve needle until it abuts the driver on the stop shoulder and thereby gives the valve needle a mechanical opening pulse. In the further armature movement of the driver and the driver over the valve needle is entrained, whereby the closing head begins to stand out from the valve seat. At the end of the complete armature stroke, the armature abuts against the pole face of the magnetic core, and the ejection opening is completely released, so that the fuel under pressure in the valve chamber is sprayed off in a metered quantity via the ejection opening. In the absence of energization of the solenoid, the valve closing spring on the driver and the valve needle presses the closing head on the valve seat, and the Vorhubfeder pushes the armature against the anchor stop.

Offenbarung der ErfindungDisclosure of the invention

Das erfindungsgemäße Ventil zu Zumessen von Fluid mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 hat den Vorteil, dass durch die Verlagerung des im Magnetkern einliegenden Führungselements für die Ventilnadel vom Anker aus gesehen jenseits der Ventilschließfeder der lichte Durchmesser des Magnetkerns in seinem die Polflächen tragenden Endabschnitt kleiner gemacht werden kann, so dass die für die Anlage des Ankers zur Verfügung stehende Polfläche des Magnetkerns großflächiger ist. Damit steigt die auf den Anker wirkende Magnetkraft bei unveränderter Bestromung des Elektromagneten. Bei Beibehaltung der Magnetkraft kann umgekehrt der Elektromagnet leistungsärmer ausgelegt werden. Des Weiteren eröffnet die Verlagerung des Führungselements hinter die Ventilschließfeder die Möglichkeit, das Führungselement für weitere Funktionen, wie Abstützung der Ventilschließfeder und/oder magnetische Trennung von Ventilnadel und Magnetkern heranzuziehen.The valve according to the invention for metering fluid with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that as seen through the displacement of the inset in the magnetic core guide element for the valve needle from the armature beyond the valve closing spring of the inner diameter of the magnetic core in its end faces carrying the pole faces are made smaller can, so that the available for the installation of the armature pole face of the magnetic core is larger area. Thus, the magnetic force acting on the armature increases while the current of the electromagnet is unchanged. By maintaining the magnetic force, conversely, the electromagnet can be designed to have lower power. Furthermore, the relocation of the guide element opens behind the valve closing spring the possibility to use the guide element for other functions, such as support of the valve closing spring and / or magnetic separation of valve needle and magnetic core.

Durch die in den weiteren Ansprüchen aufgeführten Maßnahmen sind vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und Verbesserungen des im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Ventils möglich.The measures listed in the further claims advantageous refinements and improvements of the claim 1 valve are possible.

Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist das Führungselement im Magnetkern festgelegt und nimmt einerseits zentral einen Endabschnitt der Ventilnadel axial verschieblich auf und übernimmt andererseits die magnetkernseitige Abstützung der Ventilschließfeder.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the guide element is fixed in the magnetic core and takes on the one hand centrally an end portion of the valve needle axially displaceable and on the other hand takes over the magnetic core side support of the valve closing spring.

Hierzu ist gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung das Führungselement als eine hohlzylindrische Muffe mit einer von einer Innen- und Außenfläche begrenzten Muffenwand ausgebildet, die einen Führungsbereich für die Ventilnadel und einen Pressbereich zum Einpressen in den Magnetkern aufweist. Führungsbereich und Pressbereich erstrecken sich jeweils über einen Axialabschnitt der Muffe. Im Führungsbereich der Muffe ist die Innenfläche der Muffe als Führungsfläche für die Ventilnadel gestaltet, und zwischen der Außenfläche der Muffe und der Innenfläche des hohlzylindrischen Magnetkerns ist ein Radialspiel vorhanden. Im Pressbereich der Muffe hat die Muffe über ihre Außenfläche eine Presspassung zum Magnetkern. Durch diese konstruktive Realisierung des Führungselements wird einerseits eine Pressspannung zwischen Muffe und Magnetkern hergestellt, die die Muffe an der zur Einstellung der Schließkraft der Ventilschließfeder erforderlichen Position innerhalb des Magnetkerns festlegt und andererseits eine spiellose Gleitführung der Ventilnadel im Magnetkern sicherstellt, die nicht durch die Pressspannung beeinträchtigt wird. Um die Presskraft zu begrenzen ist gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung der Pressbereich geschlitzt, also die Muffenwand mit mindestens einem Radialschlitz versehen. Der Radialschlitz erlaubt zudem ein exaktes Positionieren der Muffe bei deren Einpressen in den Magnetkern und damit eine sensible Feineinstellung der Federkraft der Ventilschließfeder. Die Muffe ist als separates Bauteil gefertigt und wird mit der Ventilnadel nach Montage von Anker und Ventilschließfeder fest verbunden. Der Werkstoff für die Ventilnadel kann unabhängig von dem der Ventilnadel gewählt werden.For this purpose, according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the guide element is designed as a hollow-cylindrical sleeve with a sleeve wall delimited by an inner and outer surface, which has a guide region for the valve needle and a pressing region for pressing into the magnetic core. The guide region and pressing region each extend over an axial section of the sleeve. In the guide region of the sleeve, the inner surface of the sleeve is designed as a guide surface for the valve needle, and between the outer surface of the sleeve and the inner surface of the hollow cylindrical magnetic core, a radial clearance is present. In the press area of the sleeve, the sleeve has a press fit to the magnetic core via its outer surface. Through this constructive realization of the guide element, on the one hand, a compression stress is produced between the sleeve and the magnetic core, which fixes the sleeve at the position required for adjusting the closing force of the valve closing spring within the magnetic core and, on the other hand, ensures a play-free sliding guide of the valve needle in the magnetic core, which does not suffer from the compressive stress becomes. In order to limit the pressing force according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the pressing region is slotted, so provided the sleeve wall with at least one radial slot. The radial slot also allows a precise positioning of the sleeve during their pressing into the magnetic core and thus a sensitive fine adjustment of the spring force of the valve closing spring. The sleeve is made as a separate component and is firmly connected to the valve needle after installation of armature and valve closing spring. The material for the valve needle can be selected independently of the valve needle.

Um die durch das Einpressen der Muffe in den Magnetkern erzeugte Pressspannung von der Nadelführung im Führungsbereich der Muffe zuverlässig zu entkoppeln, sind Führungs- und Pressbereich der Muffe durch eine Einschnürung getrennt, wobei die Einschnürung durch einen im Außendurchmesser reduzierten Axialabschnitt zwischen Führungs- und Pressbereich realisiert ist. Vorzugsweise reicht die axiale Länge des mindestens einen Radialschlitzes im Pressbereich der Muffe bis in die Einschnürung hinein.In order to reliably decouple the press tension generated by the press-fitting of the sleeve into the magnet guide in the guide area of the sleeve, the guide and press area of the sleeve are separated by a constriction, the constriction being realized by an axial section reduced between the guide and press areas is. Preferably, the axial length of the at least one radial slot in the pressing region of the sleeve extends into the constriction.

Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung weist die Muffe mindestens einen Durchtrittskanal für das Fluid auf, der als Drosselkanal ausgebildet ist. Ein solcher Drosselkanal erlaubt eine hydraulische Drosselung des vom Fluidzulauf zur Zumessöffnung fließenden Fluidstroms.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the sleeve has at least one passage channel for the fluid, which is designed as a throttle channel. Such a throttling channel allows a hydraulic throttling of the fluid flow flowing from the fluid inlet to the metering opening.

Der Drosselkanal kann konstruktiv verschiedenartig realisiert werden. In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist der mindestens eine Drosselkanal durch mindestens eine Axialnut realisiert, die in die Führungsfläche im Führungsbereich der Muffe eingearbeitet und von dem auf der Führungsfläche gleitgeführten Ventilnadelabschnitt begrenzt ist. Alternativ kann der mindestens eine Drosselkanal auch als mindestens eine Längsnut in die Außenfläche der Muffe im Pressbereich eingearbeitet und von der Innenfläche des hohlzylindrischen Magnetkerns begrenzt sein. Des Weiteren kann der Drosselkanal auch als eine in der Muffenwand der Muffe verlaufende Axialbohrung ausgeführt werden.The throttle channel can be realized structurally diverse. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the at least one throttle channel is realized by at least one axial groove, which is incorporated in the guide surface in the guide region of the sleeve and bounded by the valve needle section guided on the guide surface. Alternatively, the at least one throttle channel can also be incorporated as at least one longitudinal groove in the outer surface of the sleeve in the pressing region and limited by the inner surface of the hollow cylindrical magnetic core. Furthermore, the throttle channel can also be designed as an axial bore running in the sleeve wall of the sleeve.

Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist die Muffe aus einem amagnetischen Werkstoff, also aus einem magnetisch nicht oder nur schlecht leitenden Werkstoff, hergestellt. Dadurch übernimmt die bereits für Nadelführung, Schließkrafteinstellung für die Ventilschließfeder und Drosselung des Fluidstroms zuständige Muffe noch die zusätzliche Funktion der magnetischen Trennung einer aus magnetisch leitendem Material bestehenden Ventilnadel und dem Magnetkern, so dass der Magnetfluss des Elektromagneten über Anker und Arbeitsluftspalt zum Magnetkern nicht durch einen sich über Anker, Ventilnadel, Muffe und Magnetkern ausbildenden, parallelen Flusspfad geschwächt wird.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the sleeve is made of a non-magnetic material, that is, of a magnetically non or poorly conductive material. Thus, the already responsible for needle guide, closing force setting for the valve closing spring and throttling the fluid flow sleeve still takes on the additional function of magnetic separation of a magnetically conductive material existing valve needle and the magnetic core, so that the magnetic flux of the electromagnet via armature and working air gap to the magnetic core not by a is weakened via anchor, valve needle, sleeve and magnetic core forming, parallel flow path is weakened.

Bei allen Ausführungsformen der Erfindung kann der Anker fest auf der Ventilnadel angeordnet sein oder zur Verbesserung der Öffnungsdynamik des Ventils auf der Ventilnadel relativ zur Ventilnadel verschiebbar sein. Dieser Freiweg oder Vorhub genannte Verschiebeweg des Ankers wird von einer Anschlagschulter und einem Ankeranschlag begrenzt, die auf voneinander abgekehrten Seiten des Ankers fest auf der Ventilnadel angeordnet sind. Die Anschlagschulter ist an einem auf der Ventilnadel festgelegten, z. B. aufgeschweißten Ring ausgebildet, der der Abstützung der Ventilschließfeder dient. Eine Vorhubfeder belastet den Anker in Richtung Ankeranschlag und legt bei nicht bestromtem Elektromagneten den Anker an den Ankeranschlag an. Die Vorhubfeder ist auf der vom Arbeitsluftspalt abgekehrten Seite des Ankers auf die Ventilnadel aufgeschoben und stützt sich am Ankeranschlag und an einem lose auf der Ventilnadel sitzenden Federteller ab, dessen Tellerrand am Anker festgelegt ist. Anders als bei dem eingangs beschriebenen, bekannten Ventil benötigt diese Anordnung der Vorhubfeder keinen Federbauraum innerhalb des Magnetkerns und steht der Ausbildung des Magnetkerns mit einem möglichst kleinen Innendurchmesser nicht entgegen.In all embodiments of the invention, the armature can be fixedly arranged on the valve needle or be displaceable relative to the valve needle to improve the opening dynamics of the valve on the valve needle. This free path or forward stroke called displacement of the armature is limited by a stop shoulder and an anchor stop, which are arranged on mutually remote sides of the armature fixed to the valve needle. The stop shoulder is fixed to a valve needle, z. B. welded ring, which serves to support the valve closing spring. A forward stroke spring loads the armature in the direction of the anchor stop and applies the armature to the anchor stop when the electromagnet is not energized. The Vorhubfeder is pushed onto the side facing away from the working air gap side of the armature on the valve needle and is based on the anchor stop and on a loose sitting on the valve needle spring plate, whose plate is fixed to the anchor. Unlike the known valve described above, this arrangement of the Vorhubfeder requires no spring space inside the magnetic core and is not contrary to the formation of the magnetic core with the smallest possible inner diameter.

Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungenBrief description of the drawings

Die Erfindung ist anhand eines in den Zeichnungen dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • Figur 1 ausschnittweise einen Schnitt eines Ventils zum Zumessen von Fluid mit einer Ventilnadel und einem Führungselement zur Gleitführung der Ventilnadel,
  • Figur 2 eine vergrößerte perspektivische Schnittdarstellung des Führungselements in Figur 1.
The invention is explained in more detail in the following description with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawings. Show it:
  • FIG. 1 a section of a valve for metering fluid with a valve needle and a guide element for sliding the valve needle,
  • FIG. 2 an enlarged perspective sectional view of the guide element in FIG. 1 ,

Das in Figur 1 ausschnittweise im Längsschnitt dargestellte Ventil zum Zumessen von Fluid wird bevorzugt als Einspritzventil zum Einspritzen von Kraftstoff in einer Kraftstoffeinspritzanlage von Brennkraftmaschinen eingesetzt. Es kann jedoch auch in Gasmotoren oder in Heizungsanlagen zum dosierten Zumessen von fluidem Brennstoff oder als Dosierventil zum Einspritzen eines fluiden Reduktionsmittels in den Abgastrakt einer Brennkraftmaschine zwecks Reduzierung von Stickoxiden Verwendung finden.This in FIG. 1 Sectionally shown in longitudinal section valve for metering fluid is preferably used as an injection valve for injecting fuel in a fuel injection system of internal combustion engines. However, it can also be used in gas engines or in heating systems for the metered metering of fluid fuel or as a metering valve for injecting a fluid reducing agent in the exhaust tract of an internal combustion engine for the purpose of reducing nitrogen oxides use.

Das Ventil weist eine mit einem Fluidzulauf 11 in Verbindung stehende Zumessöffnung 12 sowie eine die Zumessöffnung 12 mittels eines Schließkopfs 131 steuernde Ventilnadel 13 auf, die zum Schließen der Zumessöffnung 12 von einer Ventilschließfeder 14 beaufschlagt ist und zum Freigeben der Zumessöffnung 12 von einem Elektromagneten 15 gegen die Schließkraft der Ventilschließfeder 14 betätigt wird. Der Schließkopf 131 ist in einem Ventilsitzkörper 16 geführt, der die Zumessöffnung 12 und einen die Zumessöffnung 12 umschließenden, mit dem Schließkopf 131 der Ventilnadel 13 einen Dichtsitz bildenden Ventilsitz 17 aufweist. Der Ventilsitzkörper 16 schließt ein zumessseitiges Ende eines hülsenförmigen Ventilgehäuses 18 fluiddicht ab, während in das zulaufseitige, andere Ende des Ventilgehäuses 18 ein den Fluidzulauf 11 enthaltender Anschlussstutzen 19 eingesetzt ist.The valve has a metering port 12 communicating with a fluid inlet 11 and a valve needle 13 controlling the metering port 12 by means of a closing head 131 which is acted upon by a valve closing spring 14 to close the metering port 12 and by an electromagnet 15 to release the metering port 12 the closing force of the valve closing spring 14 is actuated. The closing head 131 is guided in a valve seat body 16 which has the metering opening 12 and a valve seat 17 enclosing the metering opening 12 and forming a sealing seat with the closing head 131 of the valve needle 13. The valve seat body 16 closes off a zumessseitiges end of a tubular valve housing 18 in a fluid-tight manner, while in the inlet-side, the other end of the valve housing 18, a fluid inlet 11 containing the connecting piece 19 is inserted.

Der Elektromagnet 15 weist eine Magnetspule 20 auf, die bei Bestromung in bekannter Weise einen Magnetfluss in einem geschlossenen Magnetkreis aus Innen- und Außenpol, die über einen magnetischen Rückschluss 24 gekoppelt sind, einem Anker 23 und einem zwischen der Stirnfläche des Ankers 23 und der Polfläche des Innenpols liegenden Arbeitsluftspalt 25 erzeugt. Ein im Ventilgehäuse 18 fest angeordneter, hohlzylindrischer Magnetkern 21 bildet den Innenpol und ein dazu konzentrischer Magnettopf 22 den Außenpol. Der Magnettopf 22 ist mit einem durchmesserkleineren Topfabschnitt auf dem Ventilgehäuse 18 befestigt, z.B. verschweißt, und umschließt mit einem durchmessergrößeren Topfabschnitt die auf dem Ventilgehäuse 18 sitzende Magnetspule 20. Der hohlzylindrische Magnetkern 21 ist in das Ventilgehäuse 18 fest eingesetzt. Die Magnetspule 20 sitzt auf dem die Topfabschnitte 221 und 222 verbindenden, ringförmigen Topfboden auf, und der magnetische Rückschluss 24 verbindet oberhalb der Magnetspule 20 den Magnettopf 22 mit dem aus magnetisch leitendem Werkstoff bestehenden Ventilgehäuse 18. Zur Verhinderung eines magnetischen Kurzschlusses zwischen Magnettopf 22 und Magnetkern 21 durch das Ventilgehäuse 18 aus magnetisch leitendem Werkstoff ist im Ventilgehäuse 18 im Bereich des Arbeitsluftspalts 24 eine Einschnürung 26 vorgesehen, die einen magnetischen Engpass mit einem hohen magnetischen Widerstand im Ventilgehäuse 18 erzeugt.The electromagnet 15 has a magnetic coil 20 which, when energized in a known manner, a magnetic flux in a closed magnetic circuit of inner and outer pole, which are coupled via a magnetic yoke 24, an armature 23 and between the end face of the armature 23 and the pole face the Innenpol lying working air gap 25 generates. A fixed in the valve housing 18, hollow cylindrical magnetic core 21 forms the inner pole and a concentric magnetic pot 22 to the outer pole. The magnetic pot 22 is fixed with a smaller diameter pot portion on the valve housing 18, for example, welded, and surrounds with a larger diameter pot portion sitting on the valve housing 18 solenoid 20. The hollow cylindrical magnetic core 21 is firmly inserted into the valve housing 18. The magnetic coil 20 is seated on the annular cup bottom connecting the pot sections 221 and 222, and the magnetic yoke 24 connects above the magnetic coil 20 the magnetic pot 22 with the valve housing 18 made of magnetically conductive material. To prevent a magnetic short circuit between magnet pot 22 and magnetic core 21 through the valve housing 18 made of magnetically conductive material, a constriction 26 is provided in the valve housing 18 in the region of the working air gap 24, which creates a magnetic bottleneck with a high magnetic resistance in the valve housing 18.

Der Anker 23 kann fest auf der Ventilnadel 13 angeordnet sein. Im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ist zur Verbesserung der Öffnungsdynamik des Ventils der Anker 23 axial verschieblich auf der Ventilnadel 13 angeordnet, wobei sein Verschiebeweg relativ zur Ventilnadel 13, der sog. Freiweg oder Vorhub des Ankers 23, der kleiner ist als die axiale Spaltbreite des Arbeitsluftspalts 25, durch eine Anschlagschulter 27 und einen Ankeranschlag 28 festgelegt ist, die auf voneinander abgekehrten Seiten des Ankers 23 fest auf der Ventilnadel 13 angeordnet sind. Die Anschlagschulter 27 ist dabei an einem auf der Ventilnadel 16 befestigten Ring 29 ausgebildet, und zwar an dem dem Anker 23 zugekehrten Stirnende des Rings 29. Eine Vorhubfeder 30 beaufschlagt den Anker 23 so, dass er an den Ankeranschlag 28 angedrückt wird, wobei sich der Freiweg oder Vorhub des Ankers 23 zwischen einander zugekehrten Stirnflächen von Anker 23 und Anschlagschulter 27 einstellt. Die Vorhubfeder 30 stützt sich hierzu einerseits am Ankeranschlag 28 und andererseits am Tellerboden eines die Ventilnadel 13 lose umschließenden, etwa konusförmigen Federtellers 31 ab, dessen Tellerrand an dem Anker 23 festgelegt, z.B. angeschweißt, ist.The armature 23 may be fixedly arranged on the valve needle 13. In the illustrated embodiment, to improve the opening dynamics of the valve, the armature 23 is arranged axially displaceable on the valve needle 13, wherein its displacement relative to the valve needle 13, the so-called. Freewheel or forward stroke of the armature 23, which is smaller than the axial gap width of the working air gap 25, is determined by a stop shoulder 27 and an anchor stop 28, which are arranged on mutually remote sides of the armature 23 fixed to the valve needle 13. The stop shoulder 27 is in this case formed on a ring 29 fastened to the valve needle 16, namely on the end face of the ring 29 facing the armature 23. A forward stroke spring 30 urges the armature 23 so that it is pressed against the armature stop 28, wherein the Freewheel or forward stroke of the armature 23 between facing end faces of armature 23 and stop shoulder 27 sets. For this purpose, the forward stroke spring 30 is supported, on the one hand, on the armature stop 28 and, on the other hand, on the plate bottom of a valve cone 13 loosely enclosing, approximately conical spring plate 31, the rim of which is secured to the armature 23, e.g. welded, is.

Die Ventilnadel 13 ist an ihrem schließkopffernen Ende mittels eines im Innern des hohlzylindrischen Magnetkerns 21 angeordneten Führungselements 32 gleitgeführt. Die Ventilschließfeder 14 ist im Bereich des Magnetkerns 21 lose auf die Ventilnadel 13 aufgeschoben und magnetkernseitig und ventilnadelseitig axial abgestützt, wobei die ventilnadelseitige Abstützung an dem die Anschlagschulter 27 tragenden Ring 29 vorgenommen ist. Das Führungselement 32 ist an dem vom Anker 23 abgekehrten Ende der Ventilschließfeder 14, also vom Anker 23 aus gesehen jenseits der Ventilschließfeder 14, angeordnet. Dabei ist das Führungselement 32 im Magnetkern 21 festgelegt und nimmt einerseits zentral den Endabschnitt der Ventilnadel 13 axial verschieblich auf und übernimmt andererseits die magnetkernseitige Abstützung der Ventilschließfeder 14. Hierzu ist das Führungselement 32 als eine hohlzylindrische Muffe 33 mit einer von einer Innen- und Außenfläche begrenzten Muffenwand ausgebildet, die einen Führungsbereich 331 für die Ventilnadel 13 und einen Pressbereich 332 zum Einpressen in den Magnetkern 21 aufweist. Führungsbereich 331 und Pressbereich 332 sind axial hintereinander angeordnet und durch eine Einschnürung 333 voneinander getrennt, die von einem im Außendurchmesser reduzierten Axialabschnitt der Muffe 33 gebildet ist. Im Führungsbereich 331 der Muffe 33 ist die Innenfläche der Muffe 33 als Führungsfläche 34 für die Ventilnadel 13 ausgebildet und ist zwischen der Außenfläche der Muffe 33 und der Innenfläche des Magnetkerns 21 ein Radialspiel vorhanden. Im Pressbereich 332 der Muffe 33 hat die Muffe 33 über ihre Außenfläche eine Presspassung 35 zum Magnetkern 21. Um die Presskraft zu begrenzen ist im Pressbereich 332 die Muffenwand geschlitzt. Der mindestens eine Radialschlitz 36 verläuft im Pressbereich 332 radial bis zur Innenfläche der Muffe 33 und erstreckt sich axial bis in den die Einschnürung 333 bildenden Axialabschnitt der Muffe 33. Die ringförmige, freie Stirnfläche des Führungsbereichs 331 der Muffe 33 stellt ein Widerlager für die Ventilschließfeder 14 dar.The valve needle 13 is slidably guided at its end close to the closing end by means of a guide element 32 arranged in the interior of the hollow cylindrical magnetic core 21. The valve closing spring 14 is loosely pushed onto the valve needle 13 in the region of the magnetic core 21 and axially supported on the magnetic core side and valve needle side, the valve needle-side support being made on the ring 29 carrying the stop shoulder 27. The guide element 32 is arranged on the side facing away from the armature 23 end of the valve closing spring 14, that is seen from the armature 23 from beyond the valve closing spring 14, respectively. In this case, the guide element 32 is fixed in the magnetic core 21 and takes on the one hand centrally the end portion of the valve needle 13 axially displaceable and on the other hand takes over the magnetic core side support the valve closing spring 14. For this purpose, the guide member 32 is limited as a hollow cylindrical sleeve 33 with an inner and outer surface Muff wall formed having a guide portion 331 for the valve needle 13 and a pressing portion 332 for pressing in the magnetic core 21. Guide region 331 and pressing region 332 are arranged axially one behind the other and separated from one another by a constriction 333 which is formed by an axial section of the sleeve 33 reduced in outer diameter. In the guide portion 331 of the sleeve 33, the inner surface of the sleeve 33 as a guide surface 34 for the Valve needle 13 is formed and there is a radial clearance between the outer surface of the sleeve 33 and the inner surface of the magnetic core 21. In the pressing region 332 of the sleeve 33, the sleeve 33 has a press fit 35 to the magnetic core 21 via its outer surface. In order to limit the pressing force, the sleeve wall is slotted in the pressing region 332. The at least one radial slot 36 extends in the pressing region 332 radially to the inner surface of the sleeve 33 and extends axially into the constriction 333 forming axial portion of the sleeve 33. The annular free end face of the guide portion 331 of the sleeve 33 provides an abutment for the valve closing spring 14th represents.

Für den Fluiddurchtritt vom Fluidzulauf 11 über den hohlen Magnetkern 21 zur Zumessöffnung 12 weist einerseits der Anker 23 mindestens einen Axialkanal 37 und andererseits die Muffe 33 mindestens einen Durchtrittskanal auf, der zur Drosselung des Fluidstroms herangezogen ist und als Drosselkanal 38 bezeichnet wird. Im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ist der mindestens eine Drosselkanal 38 durch eine in die Innenfläche der Muffe 33 eingearbeitete Axialnut gebildet, die die Führungsfläche 34 im Führungsbereich 331 der Muffe 33 unterbricht und durch den in der Führungsfläche 34 geführten Nadelabschnitt der Ventilnadel 13 abgedeckt ist.For the fluid passage from the fluid inlet 11 via the hollow magnet core 21 to the metering opening 12, on the one hand the armature 23 has at least one axial channel 37 and, on the other hand, the sleeve 33 has at least one passage channel which is used for throttling the fluid flow and is referred to as throttle channel 38. In the illustrated embodiment, the at least one throttle channel 38 is formed by an incorporated into the inner surface of the sleeve 33 axial groove which interrupts the guide surface 34 in the guide portion 331 of the sleeve 33 and is covered by guided in the guide surface 34 needle portion of the valve needle 13.

Wir hier nicht weiter dargestellt ist, kann der Drosselkanal 38 auch zwischen der Außenfläche der Muffe 33 und der Innenwand des Magnetkerns 21 verlaufen. Hierzu ist in die Außenfläche der Muffe 33 eine Axialnut eingearbeitet, die nach Einpressen der Muffe 33 in den Magnetkern 21 von der Innenwand des Magnetkerns 21 geschlossen wird. Der Drosselkanal 38 kann aber auch in die Muffenwand selbst als zur Muffenachse parallel verlaufende Axialbohrung eingebracht sein.We will not further illustrate here, the throttle channel 38 may also extend between the outer surface of the sleeve 33 and the inner wall of the magnetic core 21. For this purpose, an axial groove is incorporated in the outer surface of the sleeve 33, which is closed by pressing the sleeve 33 in the magnetic core 21 of the inner wall of the magnetic core 21. However, the throttle channel 38 can also be introduced into the sleeve wall itself as an axial bore extending parallel to the sleeve axis.

Die Muffe 33 ist amagnetisch, also aus einem magnetisch nicht oder nur schlecht leitendem Werkstoff hergestellt, so dass die Ventilnadel 13 mit Schließkopf 131, Hülse 39 und Ankeranschlag 28 aus magnetisch leitendem Material bestehen kann. Die amagnetische Muffe 33 verhindert einen Magnetfluss parallel zum Arbeitsluftspalt 25 über die Ventilnadel 13 zum Magnetkern 21, der zu einem deutlichen Flussverlust im Arbeitsluftspalt 25 führen würde. Die bereits für Gleitführung der Ventilnadel 13, Schließkrafteinstellung der Ventilschließfeder 14 und Fluidstromdrosselung eingesetzte Multifunktions-Muffe 33 übernimmt damit die weitere Funktion der magnetischen Trennung von magnetisch leitender Ventilnadel 13 und Magnetkern 21.The sleeve 33 is non-magnetic, that is made of a magnetically not or only poorly conductive material, so that the valve needle 13 with closing head 131, sleeve 39 and anchor stop 28 may consist of magnetically conductive material. The non-magnetic sleeve 33 prevents a magnetic flux parallel to the working air gap 25 via the valve needle 13 to the magnetic core 21, which would lead to a significant flow loss in the working air gap 25. The already used for sliding the valve needle 13, closing force adjustment of the valve closing spring 14 and fluid flow throttling multi-function sleeve 33 takes over the further function of the magnetic separation of magnetically conductive valve needle 13 and magnetic core 21st

Claims (13)

Ventil zum Zumessen von Fluid, mit einer mit einem Fluidzulauf (11) in Verbindung stehenden Zumessöffnung (12), mit einer die Zumessöffnung (12) steuernden Ventilnadel (13), mit einem Elektromagneten (15) zur Ventilnadelbetätigung, der einen an der Ventilnadel (13) angreifenden Anker (23) und einen dazu koaxialen mit dem Anker (23) einen Arbeitsluftspalt (25) begrenzenden, hohlzylindrischen Magnetkern (21) aufweist, mit einer die Ventilnadel (13) zum Schließen der Zumessöffnung (12) beaufschlagenden Ventilschließfeder (14), die innerhalb des Magnetkerns (21) auf der Ventilnadel (14) angeordnet und ventilnadelseitig und magnetkernseitig axial abgestützt ist, und mit einem im Magnetkern (21) aufgenommenen Führungselement (32) zur Gleitführung der Ventilnadel (13), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Führungselement (32) an dem vom Anker (23) abgekehrten Ende der Ventilschließfeder (14) angeordnet ist.Valve for metering fluid, having an orifice (12) communicating with a fluid inlet (11), with a valve needle (13) controlling the orifice (12), with an electromagnet (15) for valve needle actuation, one on the valve needle ( 13) engaging armature (23) and a coaxial with the armature (23) has a working air gap (25) delimiting, hollow cylindrical magnetic core (21), with a valve needle (13) for closing the orifice (12) acted upon valve closing spring (14) , which is arranged inside the magnet core (21) on the valve needle (14) and axially supported on the valve needle side and magnet core side, and with a guide element (32) received in the magnet core (21) for sliding the valve needle (13), characterized in that the guide element (32) is arranged on the armature (23) facing away from the end of the valve closing spring (14). Ventil nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Führungselement (32) im Magnetkern (21) festgelegt ist und einerseits zentral einen Endabschnitt der Ventilnadel (13) axial verschieblich aufnimmt und andererseits die magnetkernseitige Abstützung der Ventilschließfeder (14) übernimmt.Valve according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide element (32) in the magnetic core (21) is fixed and on the one hand centrally an end portion of the valve needle (13) receives axially displaceable and on the other hand takes over the magnetic core side support the valve closing spring (14). Ventil nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Führungselement (32) als eine hohlzylindrische Muffe (33) mit einer von einer Innen- und Außenfläche begrenzten Muffenwand ausgebildet ist, die einen Führungsbereich (331) für die Ventilnadel (13) und einen Pressbereich (332) zum Einpressen in den Magnetkern (21) aufweist.Valve according to claim 2, characterized in that the guide element (32) as a hollow cylindrical sleeve (33) is formed with a limited by an inner and outer surface sleeve wall having a guide portion (331) for the valve needle (13) and a pressing area ( 332) for pressing into the magnetic core (21). Ventil nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Führungsbereich (331) der Muffe (33) die Innenfläche der Muffe (33) eine Führungsfläche (34) für die Ventilnadel (13) bildet und zwischen Außenfläche der Muffe (33) und Magnetkern (21) ein Radialspiel vorhanden ist.Valve according to claim 3, characterized in that in the guide region (331) of the sleeve (33) the inner surface of the sleeve (33) forms a guide surface (34) for the valve needle (13) and between outer surface of the sleeve (33) and magnetic core (21 ) a radial play is present. Ventil nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Pressbereich (332) die Muffe (33) über ihre Außenfläche eine Presspassung zum Magnetkern (21) hat.Valve according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that in the pressing region (332) the sleeve (33) has an interference fit to the magnetic core (21) via its outer surface. Ventil nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Pressbereich (332) der Muffe (33) die Muffenwand mindestens einen Radialschlitz (36) aufweist.Valve according to claim 5, characterized in that in the pressing region (332) of the sleeve (33) the sleeve wall has at least one radial slot (36). Ventil nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen Führungsbereich (331) und Pressbereich (332) der Muffe (33) ein eine Einschnürung (333) in der Muffenwand bildender Axialabschnitt der Muffe (33) mit reduziertem Außendurchmesser vorhanden ist.Valve according to one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that between the guide portion (331) and pressing portion (332) of the sleeve (33) is a constriction (333) forming in the sleeve wall axial portion of the sleeve (33) with reduced outer diameter. Ventil nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die auf der Ventilnadel (13) aufgenommene Ventilschließfeder (14) sich einerseits an der den Führungsbereich (331) begrenzenden, ringförmigen Stirnfläche der Muffe (33) und andererseits an einem auf der Ventilnadel (13) festgelegten Ring (29) abstützt.Valve according to one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that on the valve needle (13) received valve closing spring (14) on the one hand on the guide region (331) limiting, annular end face of the sleeve (33) and on the other hand on a on the valve needle (13) fixed ring (29). Ventil nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Muffe (33) mindestens einen Drosselkanal (38) für den Fluiddurchtritt aufweist.Valve according to one of claims 3 to 8, characterized in that the sleeve (33) has at least one throttle channel (38) for the fluid passage. Ventil nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der der mindestens eine Drosselkanal (38) als Axialnut (39) in die Innenwand der Muffe (33) eingearbeitet ist, die im Führungsbereich (331) der Muffe (33) durch die Ventilnadel (13) abgedeckt ist.Valve according to claim 9, characterized in that the at least one throttle channel (38) is incorporated as an axial groove (39) in the inner wall of the sleeve (33) in the guide region (331) of the sleeve (33) through the valve needle (13). is covered. Ventil nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Muffe (33) aus einem amagnetischen Werkstoff besteht.Valve according to one of claims 3 to 10, characterized in that the sleeve (33) consists of a non-magnetic material. Ventil nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Anker (23) axial verschieblich auf der Ventilnadel (13) angeordnet ist, dass an dem ventilnadelfesten Ring (29) eine Anschlagschulter (27) für den Anker (23) ausgebildet ist, die einen gegenüber dem Arbeitsluftspalt (25) kleineren Freiweg oder Vorhub des Ankers (23) begrenzt, und dass der Anker (23) mittels einer Vorhubfeder (30) in Richtung eines Ankeranschlags (28) belastet ist, der auf der von der Anschlagschulter (27) abgekehrten Seite des Ankers (23) auf der Ventilnadel (13) festgelegt ist.Valve according to one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the armature (23) is arranged axially displaceably on the valve needle (13) that on the valve needle-fixed ring (29) has a stop shoulder (27) for the armature (23) is formed , which limits a relative to the working air gap (25) smaller free travel or forward stroke of the armature (23), and that the Anchor (23) by means of a Vorhubfeder (30) in the direction of an anchor stop (28) is loaded, which is fixed on the side facing away from the stop shoulder (27) side of the armature (23) on the valve needle (13). Ventil nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorhubfeder (28) sich am Ankeranschlag (28) und an einer lose auf der Ventilnadel (13) sitzenden, konusförmigen Federteller (31) abstützt, dessen Tellerrand am Anker (23) festgelegt ist.Valve according to claim 12, characterized in that the Vorhubfeder (28) on the anchor stop (28) and on a loosely on the valve needle (13) seated, cone-shaped spring plate (31) is supported, whose plate edge is fixed to the armature (23).
EP14184698.0A 2013-11-18 2014-09-15 Valve for measuring out fluid Not-in-force EP2873849B1 (en)

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