EP2871353B1 - Valve for metering fluid - Google Patents

Valve for metering fluid Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2871353B1
EP2871353B1 EP14183696.5A EP14183696A EP2871353B1 EP 2871353 B1 EP2871353 B1 EP 2871353B1 EP 14183696 A EP14183696 A EP 14183696A EP 2871353 B1 EP2871353 B1 EP 2871353B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
armature
valve
valve needle
stop
sleeve
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP14183696.5A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2871353A1 (en
Inventor
Ralf Kromer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication of EP2871353A1 publication Critical patent/EP2871353A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0625—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
    • F02M51/0664—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding
    • F02M51/0671—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature having an elongated valve body attached thereto
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0625—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
    • F02M51/0664—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding
    • F02M51/0685—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature and the valve being allowed to move relatively to each other or not being attached to each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/30—Fuel-injection apparatus having mechanical parts, the movement of which is damped
    • F02M2200/306—Fuel-injection apparatus having mechanical parts, the movement of which is damped using mechanical means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/90—Selection of particular materials
    • F02M2200/9053—Metals
    • F02M2200/9069—Non-magnetic metals

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a valve for metering fluid according to the preamble of claim 1, wherein the standing for a flowing or flowing medium, superordinate term fluid is used in accordance with the fluid flow theory for gases and liquids.
  • a known fuel injection valve ( DE 101 08 945 A1 ) has a sleeve-shaped nozzle body which is closed by a valve seat body with an injection opening enclosed by a valve seat.
  • a valve chamber which is in communication with a fuel inlet.
  • the injection opening controlling valve needle which carries a forming a sealing seat with the valve seat closing head.
  • the valve needle is acted upon at the end remote from the closing head needle end of a valve closing spring, which presses the closing head on the valve seat, so that the injection opening is closed.
  • the release of the ejection opening is effected by an electromagnet, which drives the valve needle against the force of the valve closing spring to a lifting head from the valve seat lifting hub.
  • an electromagnet which drives the valve needle against the force of the valve closing spring to a lifting head from the valve seat lifting hub.
  • a magnetic flux is produced which passes over an outer pole, an inner pole, an armature axially slidably seated on the valve needle and a working air gap enclosed between the armature and inner pole and generates a magnetic force in the working air gap which drives the armature for lifting movement in the direction of the inner pole.
  • a driver is fixed, which is guided axially displaceably in the interior of the hollow cylindrical inner pole and has a first anchor stop for the armature.
  • a second anchor stop is set on the valve needle, to which the armature is pressed by a between anchor and driver supporting Vorhubfeder.
  • the electromagnet When the electromagnet is energized, the armature initially executes a free travel or forward stroke relative to the valve needle until it abuts the driver on the first armature stop, gives the valve needle a mechanical opening impulse and carries the valve needle over the driver, whereby the closing head begins to lift off the valve seat .
  • the armature abuts against the pole face of the inner pole, and the injection opening is completely released, so that the fuel under pressure in the valve chamber is sprayed off in a metered quantity via the injection opening.
  • the valve closing spring presses the closing head on the valve seat via the valve needle and the Vorhubfeder the anchor against the second anchor stop.
  • valve according to the invention for metering fluid with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that on the one hand for the valve needle inexpensive, ferromagnetic material can be used and on the other hand by the compact, not made of magnetically or poorly conductive material, non-magnetic separation sleeve as solid Part of the armature a magnetic flux through the valve needle to the inner pole prevented and thus a loss of flux between the armature and the inner pole, combined with a lowering of the magnetic force is prevented.
  • the displacement of the stop surface required for anchoring to the valve needle at the end of Ankervorhubs or -freiwegs on the non-magnetic separation sleeve also prevents weakening of the magnetic force in the Ankervorhub subsequent working stroke of the armature to hit the pole face of the inner pole.
  • the separating sleeve is manufactured as a separate component and firmly connected to the anchor, preferably pressed into the anchor or welded to the anchor.
  • the anchor and separator sleeve can be made in one piece in a 2K MIM process.
  • a guide region for the armature axially displaceable relative to the valve needle is present, which advantageously has two axially spaced annular guide surfaces, of which a guide surface on the circumference of a fixedly connected to the valve needle ring is arranged on which the separating sleeve is supported radially, and the other guide surface is formed centrally in a sleeve bottom closing the separating sleeve, which is radially supported on the valve needle.
  • the division of the guide area on two axially spaced guide surfaces allows easy integration of the Vorhubfeder in the separating sleeve, resulting in an axially short valve construction.
  • the two guide surfaces bearing components ring and sleeve bottom are also used for the axial support of the Vorhubfeder.
  • the separating sleeve over the armature stop facing the front end of the armature is further reduced.
  • At least one radial or transverse bore opening in the interior of the separating sleeve is introduced in the projection region of the separating sleeve.
  • Sectionally shown in longitudinal section valve for metering fluid is preferably used as an injection valve for injecting fuel in a fuel injection system of internal combustion engines. However, it can also be used in gas engines or in heating systems for the metered metering of fluid fuel or as a metering valve for injecting a fluid reducing agent into the exhaust gas tract of an internal combustion engine for the purpose of reducing nitrogen oxides.
  • the valve has a metering port 12 communicating with a fluid inlet 11 and a valve needle 13 controlling the metering port 12 by means of a closing head 131 which is acted upon by a valve closing spring 14 to close the metering port 12 and by an electromagnet 15 to release the metering port 12 the closing force of the valve closing spring 14 is actuated.
  • the closing head 131 is guided in a valve seat body 16 which has the metering opening 12 and a valve seat 17 enclosing the metering opening 12 and forming a sealing seat with the closing head 131 of the valve needle 13.
  • valve seat body 16 closes off a kanness workedes end of a valve sleeve 18 from fluid-tight, with its other end to a radial flange 191 having a hollow valve body 19 firmly connected, z. B. welded, is
  • the electromagnet 15 has a magnetic coil 20, which can be supplied with current via a connector, not shown, on the valve.
  • a magnetic flux is formed in the electromagnet 15, which has an outer pole 21, a hollow cylindrical inner pole 22, a on the Valve needle 13 axially displaceable armature 23 and one of armature 23 and inner pole 22 limited working air gap 24 extends.
  • a driver 25 is fixed, for example, welded or integrally formed, which dips into the hollow cylindrical interior of the inner pole 22 and is guided axially displaceable therein.
  • the driver 25 has a radial stop shoulder 251 for the armature 23, which limits a relative to the axial gap width of the working air gap 24 smaller free travel or Vorhubweg 26 of the armature 23 relative to the valve needle 13 ( FIG. 2 ).
  • This Vorhubweg 26 of the armature 23 is fixed by an anchor stop 27, which on the side facing away from the driver 25 side of the armature 23 on the valve needle 13, z. B. welded or integrally formed, and a Freiweg- or Vorhubfeder 28 set, which presses the armature 13 to the anchor stop 27.
  • the free or Vorhubweg 26 of the armature 23 allows for energizing the solenoid 20 of the electromagnet 15 lifting the armature 23 from the armature stop 27 without the valve needle 13 is carried and the closing head 131 of the valve needle 13 lifts from the valve seat 17.
  • the accelerated by the magnetic force in the direction of driver 25 anchor 23 abuts against the stop shoulder 251 of the driver 25 and thereby transmits a mechanical impulse to the valve needle 13, which promotes the lifting of the closing head 131 from the valve seat 17, so that the opening dynamics of the valve is improved ,
  • the inner pole 22 is structurally formed by a hollow cylindrical magnetic core 30 and the outer pole 21 comprises the valve body 19 and a magnetic sleeve 31 seated concentrically to the magnetic coil 20 on the radial flange 191 of the valve body 19.
  • the magnetic sleeve 31 is open welded to the valve body 19 and connected via a magnetic yoke 32 to the magnetic core 30.
  • Magnetic core 30, magnetic sleeve 31, valve body 19 and armature 23 are usually made of a magnetically highly conductive material, eg. B. a ferromagnetic material.
  • Valve body 19 and magnetic core 30 are fixedly connected to each other, which is done to avoid an armature 23 bridging, magnetic short circuit between the inner and outer pole 22, 21 via an amagnetic intermediate part 29 with a high magnetic resistance.
  • the valve needle 13 is preferably integrally formed driver 25, anchor stop 27 and closing head 131 made of a magnetically conductive material, for. As a ferromagnetic material produced.
  • an amagnetic separating sleeve 33 is arranged, which is fixedly connected to the armature 23, z. B. is pressed centrally into the armature 23 and / or welded to the armature 23.
  • armature 23 and separator sleeve 33 are fabricated integrally in a 2K MIM process.
  • Amagnetic is understood to mean a material which is not magnetically or only poorly conductive, that is to say a material having a very high magnetic resistance.
  • a stop face 331 cooperating with the stop shoulder 251 on the driver 25 and a second stop face 332 cooperating with the anchor stop 27 are formed on front ends facing away from one another.
  • a guide portion for the relative to the valve needle 13 axially displaceable armature 23 is provided which is designed so that on the one hand arranged on the valve needle 13 Vorhubfeder 28 can be integrated into the separating sleeve 33 and on the other hand, a tilting of the armature 23rd is largely suppressed on the valve needle 13.
  • the armature guide region has two axially spaced, annular guide surfaces 34 and 35.
  • the one guide surface 34 forms the outer casing of a ring 36 fastened to the valve needle 13, on which the separating sleeve 33 is radially supported, and the other guide surface 35 is formed centrally in a sleeve bottom 333, which closes the separating sleeve 33 at its end facing the anchor stop 27 and is supported on the valve needle 13.
  • the Vorhubfeder 28 sits in a present between the two guide surfaces 34 and 35 so-called.
  • Vorhubfederraum 43 loosely on the valve needle 13 and is supported axially between the ring 36 and the sleeve bottom 333.
  • the first stop surface 331 communicating with the stop shoulder 251 on the driver 25 is at the opening edge of the separating sleeve 33 and the second stop surface 332 communicating with the anchor stop 27 is formed on the sleeve bottom 333.
  • the separating sleeve 33 is above the armature stop 27 facing the front end of the armature 23 via. This supernatant also opens up the possibility of introducing at least one transverse or radial bore 37, which completely penetrates the sleeve wall, into the separating sleeve 33 in order to open the preloading spring space 43 between the annular collar 36 and the sleeve bottom 333.
  • a fluid inlet 11 enclosing connection piece 38 is placed coaxially, and connecting piece 38 and magnetic core 30 are connected via a plastic sheath 39 firmly together.
  • a fluid filter 41 is used, which also serves as adjusting means for the closing force of the hollow magnetic core 30 received valve closing spring 14, which is supported for this purpose on the driver 25 and the fluid filter 41.
  • Fluid inlet 11 and the orifice 12 are connected via the hollow interior of the inner pole 22 representing magnetic core 30 and at least one held in the armature 23 axial channel 42 with each other.
  • at least one axialnectnanschliff 252 is provided in the guided in the inner pole 22 outer surface of the driver 25.

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Ventil zum Zumessen von Fluid nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1, wobei der für ein strömendes oder fließendes Medium stehende, übergeordnete Begriff Fluid in Übereinstimmung mit der Strömungslehre für Gase und Flüssigkeiten verwendet wird.The invention is based on a valve for metering fluid according to the preamble of claim 1, wherein the standing for a flowing or flowing medium, superordinate term fluid is used in accordance with the fluid flow theory for gases and liquids.

Ein bekanntes Brennstoffeinspritzventil ( DE 101 08 945 A1 ) weist einen hülsenförmigen Düsenkörper auf, der von einem Ventilsitzkörper mit einer von einem Ventilsitz umschlossenen Abspritzöffnung abgeschlossen ist. Im Düsenkörper ist der Abspritzöffnung eine Ventilkammer vorgelagert, die mit einem Brennstoffzulauf in Verbindung steht. In den Düsenkörper taucht eine die Abspritzöffnung steuernde Ventilnadel ein, die einen mit dem Ventilsitz einen Dichtsitz bildenden Schließkopf trägt. Die Ventilnadel ist an dem vom Schließkopf abgekehrten Nadelende von einer Ventilschließfeder beaufschlagt, die den Schließkopf auf den Ventilsitz aufpresst, so dass die Abspritzöffnung verschlossen ist. Das Freigeben der Abspritzöffnung wird durch einen Elektromagneten bewirkt, der die Ventilnadel gegen die Kraft der Ventilschließfeder zu einem den Schließkopf vom Ventilsitz abhebenden Hub antreibt. Bei Bestromung des Elektromagneten entsteht ein Magnetfluss, der über einen Außenpol, einen Innenpol, einen auf der Ventilnadel axial verschiebbar sitzenden Anker und einen zwischen Anker und Innenpol eingeschlossenen Arbeitsluftspalt verläuft und im Arbeitsluftspalt eine Magnetkraft erzeugt, die den Anker zur Hubbewegung in Richtung Innenpol antreibt. Auf der Ventilnadel ist ein Mitnehmer fest angeordnet, der im Innern des hohlzylindrischen Innenpols axial verschieblich geführt ist und einen ersten Ankeranschlag für den Anker aufweist. Auf der vom Mitnehmer abgekehrten Seite des Ankers ist auf der Ventilnadel ein zweiter Ankeranschlag festgelegt, an den der Anker durch eine zwischen Anker und Mitnehmer sich abstützende Vorhubfeder angedrückt ist. Bei Bestromen des Elektromagneten führt der Anker zunächst einen Freiweg oder Vorhub relativ zur Ventilnadel aus, bis er an dem ersten Ankeranschlag am Mitnehmer anschlägt, der Ventilnadel einen mechanischen Öffnungsimpuls verleiht und über den Mitnehmer die Ventilnadel mitnimmt, wodurch der Schließkopf beginnt, sich vom Ventilsitz abzuheben. Am Ende des vollständigen Ankerhubs schlägt der Anker an der Polfläche des Innenpols an, und die Abspritzöffnung ist vollständig freigegeben, so dass der in der Ventilkammer unter Druck stehende Brennstoff über die Abspritzöffnung in einer dosierten Menge abgespritzt wird. Bei Wegfall der Bestromung des Elektromagneten drückt die Ventilschließfeder über die Ventilnadel den Schließkopf auf den Ventilsitz auf und die Vorhubfeder den Anker gegen den zweiten Ankeranschlag.A known fuel injection valve ( DE 101 08 945 A1 ) has a sleeve-shaped nozzle body which is closed by a valve seat body with an injection opening enclosed by a valve seat. In the nozzle body of the ejection opening is preceded by a valve chamber which is in communication with a fuel inlet. In the nozzle body immerses the injection opening controlling valve needle, which carries a forming a sealing seat with the valve seat closing head. The valve needle is acted upon at the end remote from the closing head needle end of a valve closing spring, which presses the closing head on the valve seat, so that the injection opening is closed. The release of the ejection opening is effected by an electromagnet, which drives the valve needle against the force of the valve closing spring to a lifting head from the valve seat lifting hub. When the electromagnet is energized, a magnetic flux is produced which passes over an outer pole, an inner pole, an armature axially slidably seated on the valve needle and a working air gap enclosed between the armature and inner pole and generates a magnetic force in the working air gap which drives the armature for lifting movement in the direction of the inner pole. On the valve needle, a driver is fixed, which is guided axially displaceably in the interior of the hollow cylindrical inner pole and has a first anchor stop for the armature. On the turn away from the driver Side of the armature, a second anchor stop is set on the valve needle, to which the armature is pressed by a between anchor and driver supporting Vorhubfeder. When the electromagnet is energized, the armature initially executes a free travel or forward stroke relative to the valve needle until it abuts the driver on the first armature stop, gives the valve needle a mechanical opening impulse and carries the valve needle over the driver, whereby the closing head begins to lift off the valve seat , At the end of the complete armature stroke, the armature abuts against the pole face of the inner pole, and the injection opening is completely released, so that the fuel under pressure in the valve chamber is sprayed off in a metered quantity via the injection opening. In the absence of energization of the electromagnet, the valve closing spring presses the closing head on the valve seat via the valve needle and the Vorhubfeder the anchor against the second anchor stop.

Offenbarung der ErfindungDisclosure of the invention

Das erfindungsgemäße Ventil zum Zumessen von Fluid mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 hat den Vorteil, dass einerseits ein für die Ventilnadel preiswerter, ferromagnetischer Werkstoff eingesetzt werden kann und andererseits durch die kompakte, aus magnetisch nicht oder nur schlecht leitendem Material bestehende, amagnetische Trennhülse als fester Bestandteil des Ankers ein Magnetfluss über die Ventilnadel zum Innenpol unterbunden und damit ein Flussverlust zwischen Anker und Innenpol, verbunden mit einem Absenken der Magnetkraft, verhindert wird. Die Verlagerung der am Anker erforderlichen Anschlagfläche zur Ventilnadelmitnahme am Ende des Ankervorhubs oder -freiwegs auf die amagnetische Trennhülse verhindert auch eine Schwächung der Magnetkraft in dem an den Ankervorhub sich anschließenden Arbeitshub des Ankers bis zum Anschlagen an der Polfläche des Innenpols. Durch diese bereits innerhalb des Ankers erzielte Blockierung des Magnetflusses in die Ventilnadel kann auf eine magnetische Isolierung des Mitnehmers innerhalb seines Führungsbereichs im hohlzylindrischen Innenpol verzichtet werden und damit die radiale Abmessung des Mitnehmers und demzufolge der lichte Durchmesser des Innenpols klein gehalten werden, so dass der Innenpol dem Anker eine größere Polfläche zu bieten vermag oder die radialen Außenmaße von Innenpol und Anker reduziert werden können. Die Trennhülse ist als separates Bauteil gefertigt und fest mit dem Anker verbunden, vorzugsweise in den Anker eingepresst oder mit dem Anker verschweißt. Alternativ können Anker und Trennhülse einstückig in einem 2K-MIM-Prozess hergestellt werden.The valve according to the invention for metering fluid with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that on the one hand for the valve needle inexpensive, ferromagnetic material can be used and on the other hand by the compact, not made of magnetically or poorly conductive material, non-magnetic separation sleeve as solid Part of the armature a magnetic flux through the valve needle to the inner pole prevented and thus a loss of flux between the armature and the inner pole, combined with a lowering of the magnetic force is prevented. The displacement of the stop surface required for anchoring to the valve needle at the end of Ankervorhubs or -freiwegs on the non-magnetic separation sleeve also prevents weakening of the magnetic force in the Ankervorhub subsequent working stroke of the armature to hit the pole face of the inner pole. By this already achieved within the armature blocking of the magnetic flux in the valve needle can be dispensed with magnetic isolation of the driver within its guide area in the hollow cylindrical inner pole and thus the radial dimension of the driver and consequently the clear diameter of the inner pole are kept small, so that the inner pole the anchor can offer a larger pole face or the radial outer dimensions of the inner pole and anchor can be reduced. The separating sleeve is manufactured as a separate component and firmly connected to the anchor, preferably pressed into the anchor or welded to the anchor. Alternatively, the anchor and separator sleeve can be made in one piece in a 2K MIM process.

Durch die in den weiteren Ansprüchen aufgeführten Maßnahmen sind vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und Verbesserungen des im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Ventils möglich.The measures listed in the further claims advantageous refinements and improvements of the claim 1 valve are possible.

Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist zwischen Trennhülse und Ventilnadel ein Führungsbereich für den relativ zur Ventilnadel axial verschiebbaren Anker vorhanden, der vorteilhaft zwei voneinander axial beabstandete, ringförmige Führungsflächen aufweist, wovon die eine Führungsfläche auf dem Umfang eines fest mit der Ventilnadel verbundenen Rings angeordnet ist, auf dem sich die Trennhülse radial abstützt, und die andere Führungsfläche zentral in einem die Trennhülse abschließenden Hülsenboden ausgebildet ist, der sich auf der Ventilnadel radial abstützt. Die Aufteilung des Führungsbereichs auf zwei axial voneinander beabstandete Führungsflächen ermöglicht eine einfache Integration der Vorhubfeder in die Trennhülse, was zu einem axial kurz bauenden Ventil führt. Die die beiden Führungsflächen tragenden Bauelemente Ring und Hülsenboden sind zugleich zur axialen Abstützung der Vorhubfeder genutzt.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, between the separating sleeve and valve needle, a guide region for the armature axially displaceable relative to the valve needle is present, which advantageously has two axially spaced annular guide surfaces, of which a guide surface on the circumference of a fixedly connected to the valve needle ring is arranged on which the separating sleeve is supported radially, and the other guide surface is formed centrally in a sleeve bottom closing the separating sleeve, which is radially supported on the valve needle. The division of the guide area on two axially spaced guide surfaces allows easy integration of the Vorhubfeder in the separating sleeve, resulting in an axially short valve construction. The two guide surfaces bearing components ring and sleeve bottom are also used for the axial support of the Vorhubfeder.

Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung steht die Trennhülse über das dem Ankeranschlag zugekehrte Stirnende des Ankers über. Dieser Überstand ermöglicht einen größeren axialen Abstand zwischen den beiden Führungsflächen, wodurch die Gefahr des Verkippens des Ankers auf der Ventilnadel weiter reduziert ist.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the separating sleeve over the armature stop facing the front end of the armature. This projection allows a greater axial distance between the two guide surfaces, whereby the risk of tilting of the armature on the valve needle is further reduced.

Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist im Überstandsbereich der Trennhülse mindesten eine im Innern der Trennhülse mündende Radial- oder Querbohrung eingebracht. Dadurch ist der Aufnahmeraum für die Vorhubfeder geöffnet.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, at least one radial or transverse bore opening in the interior of the separating sleeve is introduced in the projection region of the separating sleeve. As a result, the receiving space for the Vorhubfeder is open.

Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungenBrief description of the drawings

Die Erfindung ist anhand eines in den Zeichnungen dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • Figur 1 ausschnittweise einen Schnitt eines Ventils zum Zumessen von Fluid mit einem in Seitenansicht dargestellten Anker eines Elektromagneten zur Ventilsteuerung,
  • Figur 2 eine vergrößerte Darstellung des Ausschnitts II in Figur 1 mit im Schnitt dargestelltem Anker.
The invention is explained in more detail in the following description with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawings. Show it:
  • FIG. 1 a section of a valve for metering fluid with an armature shown in side view of an electromagnet for valve control,
  • FIG. 2 an enlarged view of the section II in FIG. 1 with an anchor in section.

Das in Figur 1 ausschnittweise im Längsschnitt dargestellte Ventil zum Zumessen von Fluid wird bevorzugt als Einspritzventil zum Einspritzen von Kraftstoff in einer Kraftstoffeinspritzanlage von Brennkraftmaschinen eingesetzt. Es kann jedoch auch in Gasmotoren oder in Heizungsanlagen zum dosierten Zumessen von fluidem Brennstoff oder als Dosierventil zum Einspritzen eines fluiden Reduktionsmittels in den Abgastrakt einer Brennkraftmaschine zwecks Reduzierung von Stickoxiden Verwendung finden.This in FIG. 1 Sectionally shown in longitudinal section valve for metering fluid is preferably used as an injection valve for injecting fuel in a fuel injection system of internal combustion engines. However, it can also be used in gas engines or in heating systems for the metered metering of fluid fuel or as a metering valve for injecting a fluid reducing agent into the exhaust gas tract of an internal combustion engine for the purpose of reducing nitrogen oxides.

Das Ventil weist eine mit einem Fluidzulauf 11 in Verbindung stehende Zumessöffnung 12 sowie eine die Zumessöffnung 12 mittels eines Schließkopfs 131 steuernde Ventilnadel 13 auf, die zum Schließen der Zumessöffnung 12 von einer Ventilschließfeder 14 beaufschlagt ist und zum Freigeben der Zumessöffnung 12 von einem Elektromagneten 15 gegen die Schließkraft der Ventilschließfeder 14 betätigt wird. Der Schließkopf 131 ist in einem Ventilsitzkörper 16 geführt, der die Zumessöffnung 12 und einen die Zumessöffnung 12 umschließenden, mit dem Schließkopf 131 der Ventilnadel 13 einen Dichtsitz bildenden Ventilsitz 17 aufweist. Der Ventilsitzkörper 16 schließt ein zumessseitiges Ende einer Ventilhülse 18 fluiddicht ab, die mit ihrem anderen Ende an einem einen Radialflansch 191 aufweisenden, hohlen Ventilkörper 19 fest angebunden, z. B. angeschweißt, istThe valve has a metering port 12 communicating with a fluid inlet 11 and a valve needle 13 controlling the metering port 12 by means of a closing head 131 which is acted upon by a valve closing spring 14 to close the metering port 12 and by an electromagnet 15 to release the metering port 12 the closing force of the valve closing spring 14 is actuated. The closing head 131 is guided in a valve seat body 16 which has the metering opening 12 and a valve seat 17 enclosing the metering opening 12 and forming a sealing seat with the closing head 131 of the valve needle 13. The valve seat body 16 closes off a zumessseitiges end of a valve sleeve 18 from fluid-tight, with its other end to a radial flange 191 having a hollow valve body 19 firmly connected, z. B. welded, is

Der Elektromagnet 15 weist eine Magnetspule 20 auf, die über einen nicht dargestellten Anschlussstecker am Ventil bestrombar ist. Bei Bestromung der Magnetspule 20 bildet sich im Elektromagneten 15 ein Magnetfluss aus, der über einen Außenpol 21, einen hohlzylindrischen Innenpol 22, einen auf der Ventilnadel 13 axial verschiebbaren Anker 23 und einen von Anker 23 und Innenpol 22 begrenzten Arbeitsluftspalt 24 verläuft. Auf der Ventilnadel 13 ist ein Mitnehmer 25 fest angeordnet, z.B. verschweißt oder einstückig angeformt, der in das hohlzylindrische Innere des Innenpols 22 eintaucht und darin axial verschieblich geführt ist. Der Mitnehmer 25 besitzt eine radiale Anschlagschulter 251 für den Anker 23, die einen gegenüber der axialen Spaltbreite des Arbeitsluftspalts 24 kleineren Freiweg oder Vorhubweg 26 des Ankers 23 relativ zur Ventilnadel 13 begrenzt (Figur 2). Dieser Vorhubweg 26 des Ankers 23 wird durch einen Ankeranschlag 27, der auf der vom Mitnehmer 25 abgekehrten Seite des Ankers 23 auf der Ventilnadel 13 fest angeordnet, z. B. verschweißt oder einstückig angeformt, ist und einer Freiweg- oder Vorhubfeder 28 festgelegt, die den Anker 13 an den Ankeranschlag 27 andrückt. Der Frei- oder Vorhubweg 26 des Ankers 23 ermöglicht bei Bestromen der Magnetspule 20 des Elektromagneten 15 ein Abheben des Ankers 23 vom Ankeranschlag 27, ohne dass die Ventilnadel 13 mitgeführt wird und der Schließkopf 131 der Ventilnadel 13 vom Ventilsitz 17 abhebt. Der durch die Magnetkraft in Richtung Mitnehmer 25 beschleunigte Anker 23 schlägt an die Anschlagschulter 251 des Mitnehmers 25 an und überträgt dadurch einen mechanischen Impuls auf die Ventilnadel 13, der das Abheben des Schließkopfs 131 vom Ventilssitz 17 fördert, so dass die Öffnungsdynamik des Ventils verbessert ist.The electromagnet 15 has a magnetic coil 20, which can be supplied with current via a connector, not shown, on the valve. When current flows through the magnetic coil 20, a magnetic flux is formed in the electromagnet 15, which has an outer pole 21, a hollow cylindrical inner pole 22, a on the Valve needle 13 axially displaceable armature 23 and one of armature 23 and inner pole 22 limited working air gap 24 extends. On the valve needle 13, a driver 25 is fixed, for example, welded or integrally formed, which dips into the hollow cylindrical interior of the inner pole 22 and is guided axially displaceable therein. The driver 25 has a radial stop shoulder 251 for the armature 23, which limits a relative to the axial gap width of the working air gap 24 smaller free travel or Vorhubweg 26 of the armature 23 relative to the valve needle 13 ( FIG. 2 ). This Vorhubweg 26 of the armature 23 is fixed by an anchor stop 27, which on the side facing away from the driver 25 side of the armature 23 on the valve needle 13, z. B. welded or integrally formed, and a Freiweg- or Vorhubfeder 28 set, which presses the armature 13 to the anchor stop 27. The free or Vorhubweg 26 of the armature 23 allows for energizing the solenoid 20 of the electromagnet 15 lifting the armature 23 from the armature stop 27 without the valve needle 13 is carried and the closing head 131 of the valve needle 13 lifts from the valve seat 17. The accelerated by the magnetic force in the direction of driver 25 anchor 23 abuts against the stop shoulder 251 of the driver 25 and thereby transmits a mechanical impulse to the valve needle 13, which promotes the lifting of the closing head 131 from the valve seat 17, so that the opening dynamics of the valve is improved ,

In dem in den Zeichnungen dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen des Ventils ist konstruktiv der Innenpol 22 von einem hohlzylindrischen Magnetkern 30 gebildet und umfasst der Außenpol 21 den Ventilkörper 19 und eine konzentrisch zur Magnetspule 20 auf dem Radialflansch 191 des Ventilkörpers 19 sitzende Magnethülse 31. Die Magnethülse 31 ist auf dem Ventilkörper 19 verschweißt und über einen magnetischen Rückschluss 32 an den Magnetkern 30 angebunden. Magnetkern 30, Magnethülse 31, Ventilkörper 19 und Anker 23 bestehen üblicherweise aus einem magnetisch gut leitenden Werkstoff, z. B. einem ferromagnetischen Material. Ventilkörper 19 und Magnetkern 30 sind fest miteinander verbunden, was zur Vermeidung eines den Anker 23 überbrückenden, magnetischen Kurzschlusses zwischen Innen- und Außenpol 22, 21 über ein amagnetisches Zwischenteil 29 mit einem hohen magnetischen Widerstand erfolgt.In the exemplary embodiments of the valve illustrated in the drawings, the inner pole 22 is structurally formed by a hollow cylindrical magnetic core 30 and the outer pole 21 comprises the valve body 19 and a magnetic sleeve 31 seated concentrically to the magnetic coil 20 on the radial flange 191 of the valve body 19. The magnetic sleeve 31 is open welded to the valve body 19 and connected via a magnetic yoke 32 to the magnetic core 30. Magnetic core 30, magnetic sleeve 31, valve body 19 and armature 23 are usually made of a magnetically highly conductive material, eg. B. a ferromagnetic material. Valve body 19 and magnetic core 30 are fixedly connected to each other, which is done to avoid an armature 23 bridging, magnetic short circuit between the inner and outer pole 22, 21 via an amagnetic intermediate part 29 with a high magnetic resistance.

Aus Gründen einer kostengünstigen Fertigung des Ventils ist die Ventilnadel 13 mit vorzugsweise angeformten Mitnehmer 25, Ankeranschlag 27 und Schließkopf 131 aus einem magnetisch leitendem Werkstoff, z. B. einem ferromagnetischen Material, hergestellt. Um einen Magnetfluss vom Anker 23 über die Ventilnadel 13 und den Mitnehmer 25 zum Innenpol 22 und damit einen Flussverlust über den Arbeitsluftspalt 24 zu verhindern, ist zwischen Anker 23 und Ventilnadel 13 eine amagnetische Trennhülse 33 angeordnet, die fest mit dem Anker 23 verbunden ist, z. B. zentral in den Anker 23 eingepresst und/oder mit dem Anker 23 verschweißt ist. Alternativ sind Anker 23 und Trennhülse 33 einstückig in einem 2K-MIM-Prozess hergestellt. Unter amagnetisch wird ein magnetisch nicht oder nur schlecht leitendes Material verstanden, also ein Material mit einem sehr hohen magnetischen Widerstand. An der Trennhülse 33 sind an voneinander abgekehrten Stirnenden eine mit der Anschlagschulter 251 am Mitnehmer 25 zusammenwirkende erste Anschlagfläche 331 und eine mit dem Ankeranschlag 27 zusammenwirkende zweite Anschlagfläche 332 ausgebildet. Zwischen Trennhülse 33 und Ventilnadel 13 ist ein Führungsbereich für den relativ zur Ventilnadel 13 axial verschiebbaren Anker 23 vorgesehen, der so gestaltet ist, dass einerseits die auf der Ventilnadel 13 angeordnete Vorhubfeder 28 in die Trennhülse 33 integriert werden kann und andererseits ein Verkippen des Ankers 23 auf der Ventilnadel 13 weitgehend unterbunden ist. Hierzu weist der Ankerführungsbereich zwei axial voneinander beabstandete, ringförmige Führungsflächen 34 und 35 auf. Die eine Führungsfläche 34 bildet der Außenmantel eines auf der Ventilnadel 13 befestigten Rings 36, auf dem sich die Trennhülse 33 radial abstützt, und die andere Führungsfläche 35 ist zentral in einem Hülsenboden 333 ausgebildet, der die Trennhülse 33 an ihrem dem Ankeranschlag 27 zugekehrten Ende abschließt und sich auf der Ventilnadel 13 abstützt. Die Vorhubfeder 28 sitzt in einem zwischen den beiden Führungsflächen 34 und 35 vorhandenen sog. Vorhubfederraum 43 lose auf der Ventilnadel 13 und stützt sich axial zwischen dem Ring 36 und dem Hülsenboden 333 ab. Die mit der Anschlagschulter 251 am Mitnehmer 25 kommunizierende erste Anschlagfläche 331 ist am Öffnungsrand der Trennhülse 33 und die mit dem Ankeranschlag 27 kommunizierende zweite Anschlagfläche 332 ist am Hülsenboden 333 ausgebildet.For reasons of cost-effective production of the valve, the valve needle 13 is preferably integrally formed driver 25, anchor stop 27 and closing head 131 made of a magnetically conductive material, for. As a ferromagnetic material produced. In order to prevent a magnetic flux from the armature 23 via the valve needle 13 and the driver 25 to the inner pole 22 and thus a loss of flux through the working air gap 24, between the armature 23 and valve needle 13, an amagnetic separating sleeve 33 is arranged, which is fixedly connected to the armature 23, z. B. is pressed centrally into the armature 23 and / or welded to the armature 23. Alternatively, armature 23 and separator sleeve 33 are fabricated integrally in a 2K MIM process. Amagnetic is understood to mean a material which is not magnetically or only poorly conductive, that is to say a material having a very high magnetic resistance. On the separating sleeve 33, a stop face 331 cooperating with the stop shoulder 251 on the driver 25 and a second stop face 332 cooperating with the anchor stop 27 are formed on front ends facing away from one another. Between separating sleeve 33 and valve needle 13, a guide portion for the relative to the valve needle 13 axially displaceable armature 23 is provided which is designed so that on the one hand arranged on the valve needle 13 Vorhubfeder 28 can be integrated into the separating sleeve 33 and on the other hand, a tilting of the armature 23rd is largely suppressed on the valve needle 13. For this purpose, the armature guide region has two axially spaced, annular guide surfaces 34 and 35. The one guide surface 34 forms the outer casing of a ring 36 fastened to the valve needle 13, on which the separating sleeve 33 is radially supported, and the other guide surface 35 is formed centrally in a sleeve bottom 333, which closes the separating sleeve 33 at its end facing the anchor stop 27 and is supported on the valve needle 13. The Vorhubfeder 28 sits in a present between the two guide surfaces 34 and 35 so-called. Vorhubfederraum 43 loosely on the valve needle 13 and is supported axially between the ring 36 and the sleeve bottom 333. The first stop surface 331 communicating with the stop shoulder 251 on the driver 25 is at the opening edge of the separating sleeve 33 and the second stop surface 332 communicating with the anchor stop 27 is formed on the sleeve bottom 333.

Um einen größeren Axialabstand zwischen den beiden Führungsflächen 34 und 35 zu erzielen, der die Gefahr des Verkippens des Ankers 23 auf der Ventilnadel 13 weiter reduziert, steht die Trennhülse 33 über das dem Ankeranschlag 27 zugekehrte Stirnende des Ankers 23 über. Dieser Überstand eröffnet zudem die Möglichkeit, hier mindestens eine die Hülsenwand vollständig durchdringende Quer- oder Radialbohrung 37 in die Trennhülse 33 einzubringen, um den Vorhubfederraum 43 zwischen dem Ringbund 36 und dem Hülsenboden 333 zu öffnen.In order to achieve a greater axial distance between the two guide surfaces 34 and 35, the risk of tilting of the armature 23 on the valve needle 13 further reduced, the separating sleeve 33 is above the armature stop 27 facing the front end of the armature 23 via. This supernatant also opens up the possibility of introducing at least one transverse or radial bore 37, which completely penetrates the sleeve wall, into the separating sleeve 33 in order to open the preloading spring space 43 between the annular collar 36 and the sleeve bottom 333.

Auf den Magnetkern 30 ist ein den Fluidzulauf 11 umschließender Anschlussstutzen 38 koaxial aufgesetzt, und Anschlussstutzen 38 und Magnetkern 30 sind über eine Kunststoffummantelung 39 fest miteinander verbunden. In der Kunststoffummantelung 39 ist auch eine den elektrischen Anschlussstecker zur Bestromung der Magnetspule 20 umschließende Steckerfassung 40 ausgebildet. In den Anschlussstutzen 38 und Magnetkern 30 ist ein Fluid-Filter 41 eingesetzt, der zugleich als Einstellmittel für die Schließkraft der im hohlen Magnetkern 30 aufgenommenen Ventilschließfeder 14 dient, die sich hierzu am Mitnehmer 25 und am Fluid-Filter 41 abstützt. Fluidzulauf 11 und Zumessöffnung 12 stehen über das hohle Innere des den Innenpol 22 darstellenden Magnetkerns 30 und mindestens einen im Anker 23 vorgehaltenen Axialkanal 42 miteinander in Verbindung. Um den Fluiddurchfluss im Führungsbereich des Mitnehmers 25 zum Innenpol 22 zu ermöglichen, ist in der im Innenpol 22 geführten Außenfläche des Mitnehmers 25 mindestens ein axialer Flächenanschliff 252 vorgesehen.On the magnetic core 30, a fluid inlet 11 enclosing connection piece 38 is placed coaxially, and connecting piece 38 and magnetic core 30 are connected via a plastic sheath 39 firmly together. In the plastic casing 39 and the electrical connector plug for energizing the solenoid coil 20 enclosing plug socket 40 is formed. In the connecting piece 38 and magnetic core 30, a fluid filter 41 is used, which also serves as adjusting means for the closing force of the hollow magnetic core 30 received valve closing spring 14, which is supported for this purpose on the driver 25 and the fluid filter 41. Fluid inlet 11 and the orifice 12 are connected via the hollow interior of the inner pole 22 representing magnetic core 30 and at least one held in the armature 23 axial channel 42 with each other. In order to allow the flow of fluid in the guide region of the driver 25 to the inner pole 22, at least one axial Flächenanschliff 252 is provided in the guided in the inner pole 22 outer surface of the driver 25.

Claims (9)

  1. Valve for metering fluid, having a metering opening (12) which is connected to a fluid inflow (11), having a valve needle (13) which controls the metering opening (12) and is loaded by a valve closing spring (14) in order to close the metering opening (12), having an electromagnet (15) which actuates the valve needle (13) counter to the closing force of the valve closing spring (14) in order to open the metering opening (12), which electromagnet (15) has an outer pole (21), a hollow-cylindrical inner pole (22), an armature (23) which can be displaced on the valve needle (13), and a working air gap (24) which is delimited by the armature (23) and the inner pole (22), having a driver (25) which is guided in the inner pole (22) and has a stop shoulder (251) for the armature (23), and having an armature stop (27), which driver (25) and armature stop (27) are arranged fixedly on the valve needle (13) on the sides of the armature (23) which face away from one another, and delimit a free stroke travel or pre-stroke travel (26) of the armature (23) relative to the valve needle (13) which is smaller than the axial gap width of the working air gap (24), and having a pre-stroke spring (28) which is supported between the valve needle (13) and the armature (23) and presses the armature (23) onto the armature stop (27), characterized in that the valve needle (13) and the driver (25) consist of a magnetically conducting material, and a non-magnetic separating sleeve (33) which is connected fixedly to the armature (23) is arranged between the armature (23) and the valve needle (13), which separating sleeve (33) has a stop face (331) which interacts with the stop shoulder (251) on the drive (25).
  2. Valve according to Claim 1, characterized in that a guide region for the axial displaceability of the armature (23) on the valve needle (13) is configured between the separating sleeve (33) and the valve needle (13).
  3. Valve according to Claim 2, characterized in that the guide region has a first and a second, spaced apart axially from the former, in each case annular guide face (34, 35), in that the first guide face (34) is configured on the outer circumference of a ring (36) which is connected fixedly to the valve needle (13) and on which the separating sleeve (33) is supported, and the second guide face (35) is configured centrally in a sleeve bottom (333) which closes off the separating sleeve (33) and is supported on the valve needle (13), and in that the pre-stroke spring (28) lies in the separating sleeve (33) and is supported axially between the ring (36) and the sleeve bottom (333).
  4. Valve according to Claim 3, characterized in that the stop face (331) which interacts with the stop shoulder (251) on the driver (25) is configured at the opening edge of the separating sleeve (33), and a further stop face (332) which interacts with the armature stop (27) is configured on the sleeve bottom (333).
  5. Valve according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the separating sleeve (33) projects beyond that front end of the armature (23) which faces the armature stop (27).
  6. Valve according to Claim 5, characterized in that at least one radial bore (37) which opens into the sleeve interior is made in the separating sleeve (33) in the projecting region of the separating sleeve (33).
  7. Valve according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the separating sleeve (33) is pressed and/or welded into the armature (23).
  8. Valve according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the armature (23) and the separating sleeve (33) are manufactured in one piece in a 2K MIM process.
  9. Valve according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the connection between the fluid inflow (11) and the metering opening (12) is established via the hollow interior of the inner pole (22) and at least one axial duct (42) in the armature (23), and in that at least one ground surface section (252) for the passage of fluid is provided in that outer face of the driver (25) which is guided in the inner pole.
EP14183696.5A 2013-11-07 2014-09-05 Valve for metering fluid Active EP2871353B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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DE201310222596 DE102013222596A1 (en) 2013-11-07 2013-11-07 Valve for metering fluid

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EP2871353B1 true EP2871353B1 (en) 2016-08-24

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EP3156638B1 (en) * 2015-10-14 2020-03-18 Vitesco Technologies GmbH Fuel injector

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DE10108945A1 (en) 2001-02-24 2002-09-05 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fuel injector
JP5218487B2 (en) * 2009-12-04 2013-06-26 株式会社デンソー Fuel injection valve
JP5822269B2 (en) * 2011-11-11 2015-11-24 株式会社ケーヒン Electromagnetic fuel injection valve

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