EP2873775B1 - Procédé de fondation d'une structure offshore et pieu de fondation destiné à l'utilisation pendant l'exécution du procédé - Google Patents

Procédé de fondation d'une structure offshore et pieu de fondation destiné à l'utilisation pendant l'exécution du procédé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2873775B1
EP2873775B1 EP14192664.2A EP14192664A EP2873775B1 EP 2873775 B1 EP2873775 B1 EP 2873775B1 EP 14192664 A EP14192664 A EP 14192664A EP 2873775 B1 EP2873775 B1 EP 2873775B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pile
foundation
foundation pile
seabed
shoe
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP14192664.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
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EP2873775A1 (fr
Inventor
Daniel Bartminn
Volker Herwig
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Innogy SE
Original Assignee
RWE Innogy GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by RWE Innogy GmbH filed Critical RWE Innogy GmbH
Publication of EP2873775A1 publication Critical patent/EP2873775A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2873775B1 publication Critical patent/EP2873775B1/fr
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/42—Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for establishing an offshore structure as a pile foundation, the method comprising introducing at least one steel pipe section as a foundation pile over at least a partial length with a predetermined penetration into the seabed and securing at least portions of the offshore structure to the at least one foundation pile wherein either the at least one foundation pile is first inserted and then a foundation structure is deposited on the seabed and secured to the foundation pile or at least portions of the offshore structure are deposited on the at least one foundation pile or the at least one foundation pile is through portions of an already on the seabed settled foundation structure is introduced into the seabed.
  • pile foundations include driving piles into the seabed by ramming and / or vibrating and anchoring a foundation structure to the piles.
  • the foundation structure is an underwater structure on which the actual offshore structure is erected in the form of a tower for a wind generator or a platform for exploration or conveying facilities or for transformer stations or the like.
  • transition piece transition piece
  • Jackets are usually four-legged truss-like steel structures. The four feet of this steel construction end in pods, these take up the foundation piles rammed into the seabed and / or vibrated.
  • Tripods have a central foundation pipe for receiving an offshore wind energy plant connected to a three-legged steel foundation structure. At each end of the tripod are for receiving the vibrated and / or rammed foundation piles in the seabed as Jackets sleeves mounted.
  • Monopile foundations consist of a central pile (pile), which is rammed and / or vibrated in the seabed and on which a pole-like connection component is directly attached or flanged.
  • tripile foundations are known as foundation structures, which consist of individual steel tubes, which on the water surface a three-legged cross is placed on which a wind turbine is mounted.
  • the steel tubes function as foundation piles that vibrate and / or ramble into the seabed.
  • the foundation piles are either driven through the pods of the feet when the foundation structure is already set up (pre-piling) using a template, then the pods of the beam construction of the foundation are placed on the foundation piles ,
  • pile foundations are usually created predominantly by ramming the foundation piles into the seabed, wherein the ramming is done by means of pile hammers which introduce a considerable sound energy into the water body.
  • the piling process of a foundation pile usually takes between one and several hours, the associated noise pollution, especially for marine mammals near the site, is significant.
  • db dB
  • Threshold shift which can lead to the damage of the most vital sensory organs.
  • pile foundations are increasingly dispensed with the ramming.
  • these can be vibrated or shaken into the seabed.
  • a disadvantage of this method is the fact that the vibrated or vibrated foundation piles have a lower lateral load capacity, since during vibration takes place a lower compression of the seabed in the area of the pile tip than would be the case under the leading end of a driven pile by impulse pile foundation.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to provide a method of the type mentioned, in particular to provide a method for pile foundation of offshore structures, in which the impulse ramming the foundation piles is unnecessary.
  • the pile foundation should have the required capacity.
  • the method according to the invention is characterized in particular by significantly increasing the peak pressure and a part of the skin friction of the steel pipe profile introduced into the seabed by increasing the insertion length or the embedding length of the foundation pile by means of a post-produced pile shoe.
  • a peak pressure is preferably achieved, which corresponds approximately to a peak pressure, such as arises during ramming of a foundation pile due to the compression of the seabed.
  • the pile shoe may be part of the foundation pile inserted in the seabed, but this may also have been manufactured separately as a concrete shoe.
  • a pile shoe in the sense of the invention means an axial extension and / or circumferential enlargement of the steel profile of the at least one foundation pile.
  • Potting compound is produced.
  • the potting compound can either be introduced into the steel profile of the foundation pile or be pressed or injected by means of appropriate injection lines on the circumference of the foundation pile in the region of its leading end in the seabed in the seabed.
  • the foundation pile is drilled out or flushed out and / or undermined prior to the introduction of the casting compound, but after it has been vibrated into the substrate.
  • the potting compound then introduced forms a pile shoe which expands in the axial direction of the foundation pile.
  • the pile shoe may have a larger diameter than the outer diameter of the foundation pile, so that it forms both an increase in the embedding length in the axial direction and a transversely widened pile base at the leading end of the foundation pile.
  • the at least one foundation pile is vibrated or flushed into the seabed over its entire embedding length.
  • the pile shoe as an axially extendable or exhibitable steel tube shot or as an axially extendable steel tube section, which is provided at the leading end in the insertion direction of the at least one foundation pile.
  • the pile shoe is preferably part of the foundation pile before the introduction of at least one foundation pile in the seabed.
  • the pile shoe may be formed as a telescopic steel tube section.
  • the pile shoe is hydraulically extended and / or expanded after introduction over the intended partial length or embedding length in the seabed.
  • foundation pile for use in carrying out the method described above, wherein the foundation pile is provided as a tubular steel profile with an end-integrated extendable pile shoe, which forms an axial extension of the tubular steel profile in the extended position.
  • the pile shoe can be arrested in the extended position.
  • a lock is not necessarily required because usually the skin friction of the pile shoe in the surrounding seabed will be high enough.
  • the pile shoe is formed as an inner tube profile, which is at least partially enclosed by the tubular steel section of the foundation pile.
  • Outer circumferential means in this context that the ribs or shafts extend transversely to the extension direction or transversely to the axial orientation of the foundation pile.
  • the pile shoe can in principle be designed as an open profile, so that this generates a sediment core during extension.
  • the pile shoe may be substantially closed at its leading end.
  • the method according to the invention comprises the introduction of a foundation pile 1 into the seabed 2 for the purpose of constructing an offshore structure, wherein the foundation pile 1 is first flushed or vibrated into the seabed 2 over a predetermined partial length or the total length, also referred to as the embedment length ,
  • the foundation pile 1 according to the invention can be designed as a tubular steel profile with a round cross-section, other cross-sectional profiles are conceivable and possible within the scope of the invention.
  • the method according to the invention comprises, for example, the foundation of an offshore structure with an underwater structure or with a foundation structure having a plurality of feet, wherein each of the feet is anchored to the seabed 2 by means of a respective foundation pile 1.
  • the foundation pile can be introduced through pods of the feet into the seabed (post-piling), alternatively, several foundation piles can be introduced by means of a template first into the seabed 2, then the foundation structure of an offshore structure is anchored to the foundation piles 1 (pre-piling).
  • pre-piling for this purpose, appropriate sleeves are provided on the legs of the foundation structure.
  • the embedding length is denoted by L in the figures.
  • the pile shoe 3 is produced beyond the embedment length L, which forms an axial extension L 'of the foundation pile 1, which causes an increase in the skin friction and the peak pressure of the overall system (foundation pile 1 and pile shoe 3).
  • the pile shoe 3 is part of the foundation pile 1 and is introduced together with this in the seabed 2.
  • the pile shoe 3 is formed in this case as an extendable pipe section or extendable pipe section, which has a leading cutting ring 4 and provided with a wave or rib profile pile shoe body 5.
  • the pile shoe 3 is hydraulically extended, for example, out of the tubular steel profile of the foundation pile 1 surrounding it and remains in the subsoil 2 in the in FIG. 1 illustrated flared or extended position.
  • the pile shoe 3 according to the second embodiment of the invention which in FIG. 2 is shown, were created after introduction of the foundation pile 1 in the seabed 2 on the intended embedding length L by the injection of concrete into the seabed.
  • the foundation pile 1 in the in FIG. 2 lower leading end with provided on the outer circumference and / or on the inner circumference injection lines and injection nozzles, over which a lower hardenable concrete is injected after vibrating the foundation pile 1 in the seabed 2, such that a pile shoe 3 of concrete is formed, which produces an extension L 'of the foundation pile 1 over its embedding length L.
  • the pile shoe 3 made of concrete can also be prepared by prior drilling of the foundation pile 1 and rinsing and / or by flushing the foundation pile 1 and subsequent introduction of a curable potting compound such as concrete.
  • a curable potting compound such as concrete.
  • other hydraulically hardenable casting compounds come into consideration.
  • the pile shoe 3 also circumferentially exceeds the diameter of the foundation pile 1 so that it forms a stuck in the seabed 2 plug / foot.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
  • Foundations (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Procédé de fondation d'une structure offshore en tant que fondation au moyen de pieux, le procédé comprenant les étapes suivantes :
    - enfoncement d'au moins un profilé en acier tubulaire en tant qu'au moins un pieu de fondation (1) sur au moins une longueur partielle avec une profondeur d'enfoncement prédéterminée (L) dans le sous-sol marin (2) et
    - fixation d'au moins certaines parties de la structure offshore à l'au moins un pieu de fondation (1), soit l'au moins un pieu de fondation (1) étant d'abord enfoncé et ensuite une structure de fondation étant déposée sur le sous-sol marin et étant fixée au pieu de fondation (1), soit au moins certaines parties de la structure offshore étant déposées sur l'au moins un pieu de fondation (1) ou l'au moins un pieu de fondation (1) étant enfoncé à travers des parties d'une structure de fondation déjà déposée sur le sous-sol marin,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le procédé comprend en outre, après l'enfoncement de l'au moins un pieu de fondation (1) dans le sous-sol marin (2), la fabrication d'une semelle de pieu (3) à l'extrémité de guidage de l'au moins un pieu de fondation (1), la semelle de pieu (3) s'étendant axialement au-delà de la profondeur d'enfoncement prédéterminée dans le sous-sol marin et/ou la semelle de pieu formant un élargissement périphérique du pieu de fondation (1).
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la semelle de pieu (3) est fabriquée par enfoncement d'une masse de scellement durcissable.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la masse de scellement durcissable est injectée dans la région de l'extrémité de guidage de l'au moins un pieu de fondation (1).
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la masse de scellement durcissable est enfoncée dans le pieu de fondation (1).
  5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que l'au moins un pieu de fondation (1) est alésé et/ou affouillé avant et/ou pendant l'enfoncement de la masse de scellement.
  6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que l'au moins un pieu de fondation (1) est enfoncé par vibration ou par injection dans le sous-sol marin sur toute sa longueur d'intégration (L).
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'on utilise en tant que au moins un pieu de fondation (1), un pieu de fondation ayant une semelle de pieu (3) télescopable ou déployable.
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que la semelle de pieu (3), après l'enfoncement, est télescopée et/ou déployée hydrauliquement sur la longueur partielle prévue dans le sous-sol marin (2).
  9. Pieu de fondation (1) pour l'utilisation lors de à mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, en tant que profilé en acier tubulaire comprenant au moins une semelle de pieu (3) intégrée et pouvant être sortie du côté de l'extrémité, qui forme, dans la position sortie, un prolongement axial du profilé en acier tubulaire.
  10. Pieu de fondation (1) selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que la semelle de pieu (3) peut être bloquée dans la position sortie.
  11. Pieu de fondation (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 9 ou 10, caractérisé en ce que la semelle de pieu (3) est réalisée sous forme de profilé tubulaire interne qui est entouré au moins en partie par le profilé en acier tubulaire du pieu de fondation (1).
  12. Pieu de fondation (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 9 à 11, caractérisé en ce que la semelle de pieu (3) est réalisée avec des nervures ou des ondulations périphériques extérieures.
  13. Pieu de fondation (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 9 à 12, caractérisé par des moyens pour faire sortir hydrauliquement la semelle de pieu (3).
EP14192664.2A 2013-11-18 2014-11-11 Procédé de fondation d'une structure offshore et pieu de fondation destiné à l'utilisation pendant l'exécution du procédé Active EP2873775B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102013019171.8A DE102013019171A1 (de) 2013-11-18 2013-11-18 Verfahren zur Gründung eines Offshore-Bauwerks sowie Gründungspfahl zur Verwendung bei der Durchführung des Verfahrens

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2873775A1 EP2873775A1 (fr) 2015-05-20
EP2873775B1 true EP2873775B1 (fr) 2016-01-13

Family

ID=51904730

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14192664.2A Active EP2873775B1 (fr) 2013-11-18 2014-11-11 Procédé de fondation d'une structure offshore et pieu de fondation destiné à l'utilisation pendant l'exécution du procédé

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2873775B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102013019171A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK2873775T3 (fr)

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2311039A1 (de) * 1972-03-06 1973-10-04 Sumitomo Shipbuild Machinery Unterwasser-oeltanksystem
DE202011110294U1 (de) * 2011-12-09 2013-05-10 Thyssenkrupp Tiefbautechnik Gmbh Vorrichtung und Einrichtung, insbesondere zur Gründung von Offshore-Strukturen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK2873775T3 (en) 2016-03-29
EP2873775A1 (fr) 2015-05-20
DE102013019171A1 (de) 2015-06-03

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