EP2884006B1 - Pieux et procédé de pose d'un pieu battu au fond de la mer - Google Patents

Pieux et procédé de pose d'un pieu battu au fond de la mer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2884006B1
EP2884006B1 EP14191626.2A EP14191626A EP2884006B1 EP 2884006 B1 EP2884006 B1 EP 2884006B1 EP 14191626 A EP14191626 A EP 14191626A EP 2884006 B1 EP2884006 B1 EP 2884006B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pile
driven
seabed
intermediate layer
shell
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP14191626.2A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2884006A3 (fr
EP2884006A2 (fr
Inventor
Daniel Bartminn
Benjamin Matlock
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Innogy SE
Original Assignee
RWE Innogy GmbH
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Publication date
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Priority to PL14191626T priority Critical patent/PL2884006T3/pl
Publication of EP2884006A2 publication Critical patent/EP2884006A2/fr
Publication of EP2884006A3 publication Critical patent/EP2884006A3/fr
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Publication of EP2884006B1 publication Critical patent/EP2884006B1/fr
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/24—Prefabricated piles
    • E02D5/28—Prefabricated piles made of steel or other metals
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D13/00—Accessories for placing or removing piles or bulkheads, e.g. noise attenuating chambers
    • E02D13/005—Sound absorbing accessories in piling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a pile for the construction of an offshore structure, which is provided for driving into the seabed by means of a pile hammer.
  • the invention further relates to a method for introducing a pile into the seabed.
  • Foundation structures for hydraulic structures such as offshore oil and production platforms or offshore wind turbines are usually anchored in the subsoil via foundation piles.
  • offshore wind turbines are anchored to the seabed either with so-called monopiles or jackets (Jacket Foundation).
  • monopiles a single foundation pile is driven into the seabed, flushed in, or vibrated.
  • pipe sections / pipe sections of a tower construction are flanged.
  • the tower building accommodates the so-called gondola with the wind power generator.
  • jacket foundations which include a multi-legged steel construction, on which feet are provided.
  • the feet of the jacket are provided with sleeves, so-called pile sleeves, which are anchored by means of so-called piles (pile piles) in the seabed.
  • pile sleeves which are anchored by means of so-called piles (pile piles) in the seabed.
  • tripods which have a central tube and three feet feet feet.
  • the tripods as well as the jackets are anchored by means of piles in the seabed.
  • the piles are either driven through the sleeves of the feet (post-piling) with a foundation that has already been set up, or driven into the seabed with the help of a template (pre-piling), then the pods of the steel structure of the foundation are placed on the piles.
  • the pile foundations are usually created mainly by ramming the foundation piles in the seabed, wherein the ramming means Pile hammers takes place, over which a considerable sound energy is registered in the body of water.
  • the piling process of a foundation pile usually takes between one and several hours, the concomitant noise pollution, especially for marine mammals near the site is significant.
  • porpoises for example, from a value of 200 decibels (db) sound pressure level, a threshold shift occurs, which can damage the vital sensory organs. Therefore, compliance with values below 160 dB sound pressure level outside a radius of 750 m around the pile is usually required.
  • Known sound reduction methods for impulse ramming methods are, for example, the construction of bubble veils around the ramming point or the erection of a cofferdam around the ramming point. Both measures are extremely expensive.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to provide a driven pile for the construction of an offshore structure, which is particularly suitable for insertion by means of impulse ramming and the design contributes significantly to the reduction in noise.
  • the object is achieved by a driven pile with the features of claim 1 and by a method for introducing a pile into the seabed according to claim 6.
  • the driven pile for the construction of an offshore structure which is intended for driving into the seabed by means of a pile hammer or a vibration device, is provided over at least a partial length with a vibration-damping coating.
  • the pile pile is essentially steel, and the coating applied to the pile pile may include, for example, a viscoelastic polymer, a natural or synthetic rubber, or another elastic viscoelastic mass. This mass is preferably tuned to the natural frequency of the pile body so that the overall system has a natural frequency, which causes an eradication of the vibration induced by the driving.
  • a coating of a polyurethane or a thermoplastic elastomer may be provided on the preferably designed as a steel tube pile pile.
  • This mass can also be provided only partially on the outer circumference of the driven pile.
  • the pile jacket can be formed, for example, as a closed sleeve, which extends only over portions of the pile pile or the pile body or encloses this.
  • the pile pile can be designed to be multi-layered or double-walled as a whole.
  • the intermediate layer comprising an elastic or viscoelastic material which is tuned to the natural frequency of the entire pile pile in such a way as to effect the extinction of the vibrations induced by the ramming.
  • an active noise damping system is integrated in the intermediate layer between the inner and the outer steel layer or between the inner pole body and the outer pile jacket, which actively generates, for example, vibrations in response to the initiated ramming pulse, which phase delays the induced vibrations cause.
  • Such devices can be controlled for example by means of suitable sensors, which detects the pulses introduced and the vibrations induced thereby.
  • microphones may be provided which detect the sound pressure level generated by impulse ramming and cause a control to effect a corresponding active noise reduction by generating vibrations.
  • the intermediate layer may comprise combinations of the aforementioned materials.
  • a hydraulically setting potting compound for example in the form of concrete and / or polymer concrete, is provided as the intermediate layer.
  • the intermediate layer can be formed by flushing in a non-setting mass, for example in the form of bentonite or another suitable composition of clay minerals.
  • a coating and / or a pile casing can be provided only over a partial length of the pile pile and preferably extend only in the region of the pile hammer facing the end of the pile pile.
  • a vibration-damping intermediate layer can be provided to introduce the driven pile with the not yet cured intermediate layer.
  • the uncured intermediate layer has particularly good insulating properties and hardens after the introduction of the pile so that it can transmit shear forces.
  • the intermediate layer remains permanently viscoelastic.
  • the pile body and the pile jacket are each cylindrical.
  • a non-setting flushing of clay minerals, bentonite, a hydraulically setting mass in the form of concrete or polymer concrete or a curable viscoelastic mass or a Btumen be provided.
  • the pile casing section is first partially introduced into the seabed, preferably by flushing or vibrating and / or ramming, then the introduction of a potting compound.
  • a concrete or a bentonite or a comparable barite or clay mineral suspension can be introduced into the pile wall section as potting compound.
  • bentonite or another thixotropic support liquid is used as potting compound, it can then be replaced by a hydraulically setting potting compound.
  • the pile shell section is introduced in this process only over a partial length in the seabed.
  • it can be provided to first introduce the pile mantle section and the pile body into the seabed to form an annular gap and then to fill the resulting annular gap with a potting compound or a potting mortar.
  • the pile pile 1 according to the invention comprises a pile body 2, which is formed as a cylindrical steel pipe and a pile coat 3 made of steel, which in the case of in FIG. 1 illustrated embodiment is arranged as a collar in the region of the driving-in 4 of the driven pile 1. Between the pile casing 3, which forms a cylindrical sleeve around the pile body, and the pile body 2, an elastic or viscoelastic mass is provided as the intermediate layer 5.
  • the intermediate layer 5 is only according to the embodiment FIG. 2 shown, in the embodiments according to FIGS. 1 and 3 the intermediate layer 5 is omitted for reasons of simplification.
  • the intermediate layer 5 is materially connected to the pile casing 3 and the pile body 2 and causes in cooperation with the pile casing 3 a sound attenuation upon introduction of ramming pulses in the driving 4 of the driven pile.
  • the invention is basically to be understood as meaning that a pile casing 3 can be provided in sections over the entire length of the driven pile 1 at several or even at one point.
  • the pile body 2 In the area of the drive 4, the pile body 2 can project slightly beyond the pile casing 3, so that the pile pulse is introduced directly into the pile body 2 only.
  • Such a configuration is particularly in FIG. 3 illustrated.
  • the arrangement may, for example, in the FIGS. 1 to 3 shown to be formed as a tube-in-tube configuration, the pile jacket 3 may alternatively be wound.
  • the pile body 2 is formed in a known manner as a cylindrical tube / hollow profile. Other profile cross sections are possible and provided within the scope of the invention.
  • the driven pile 1 comprises over its entire length a cylindrical, tubular pile body 2 made of steel and extending over the entire length pile casing 3 made of steel , In between extends as an intermediate layer 5 of an elastic or viscoelastic damping material over the entire length and over the entire circumference of the pile body 2.
  • This double-walled laminated pile 1 is by virtue of its material property per se noise-damping and under reduced sound effect in the water body by impulse driven rams.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
  • Placing Or Removing Of Piles Or Sheet Piles, Or Accessories Thereof (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Pieu battu (1) destiné à l'érection d'une construction offshore, qui est prévu pour l'enfoncement dans le fond de la mer au moyen d'une sonnette de battage, avec les caractéristiques suivantes:
    - le pieu battu (1) comprend au moins un corps de pieu intérieur (2) et au moins une enveloppe de pieu extérieure (3),
    - le corps de pieu intérieur (2) et l'enveloppe de pieu extérieure (3) sont composés d'acier,
    - l'enveloppe de pieu (3) s'étend sur au moins une partie de la longueur du corps de pieu (2),
    - au moins une couche intermédiaire (5) s'étend entre le corps de pieu (2) et l'enveloppe de pieu (3),
    - la couche intermédiaire (5) possède des propriétés d'amortissement des vibrations,
    - la couche intermédiaire (5) forme un composite avec
    le corps de pieu (2) et/ou l'enveloppe de pieu (3), caractérisé en ce que la couche intermédiaire comprend un matériau élastique ou viscoélastique, qui est accordé à la fréquence propre du pieu battu total, de telle manière qu'il se produise une extinction des vibrations induites par le battage.
  2. Pieu battu (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le matériau élastique ou viscoélastique est choisi dans un groupe comprenant: le caoutchouc synthétique ou naturel, la gomme synthétique ou naturelle, un élastomère, un élastomère thermoplastique, le caoutchouc silicone, la silicone, un polymère viscoélastique, un polyuréthane et le bitume.
  3. Pieu battu (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu comme couche intermédiaire une masse de coulée à liaison hydraulique, par exemple sous forme de béton et/ou de béton polymère.
  4. Pieu battu (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'il n'est prévu un revêtement et/ou une enveloppe de pieu (3) que sur une partie de la longueur du pieu battu (1) et il/elle ne s'étend de préférence que dans la région de l'extrémité du pieu battu (1) tournée vers la sonnette de battage.
  5. Pieu battu (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le corps de pieu (2) et l'enveloppe de pieu (3) sont de forme cylindrique.
  6. Procédé de pose d'un pieu battu (1) dans le fond de la mer selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, dans lequel le procédé comprend les étapes suivantes:
    - préparation d'un pieu battu (1) avec un corps de pieu (2) en acier,
    - préparation d'une partie d'enveloppe de pieu, qui présente un diamètre qui est plus grand que le diamètre du corps de pieu (2),
    - introduction d'une masse de coulée dans la partie d'enveloppe de pieu, et
    - ensuite enfoncement du corps de pieu (2) dans le fond de la mer à travers la partie d'enveloppe de pieu remplie au moyen d'une sonnette de battage et/ou d'un dispositif vibrant.
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que l'on pose la partie d'enveloppe de pieu d'abord au moins partiellement dans le fond de la mer, de préférence par injection et/ou vibration et/ou battage.
  8. Procédé selon une des revendications 6 ou 7, caractérisé en ce que l'on introduit comme masse de coulée dans la partie d'enveloppe de pieu un béton ou une suspension de bentonite ou une suspension comparable de spat pesant ou de minéral argileux.
  9. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 8, caractérisé en ce que l'on enfonce le corps de pieu (2) dans le fond de la mer à travers la masse de coulée non durcie.
EP14191626.2A 2013-11-19 2014-11-04 Pieux et procédé de pose d'un pieu battu au fond de la mer Active EP2884006B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL14191626T PL2884006T3 (pl) 2013-11-19 2014-11-04 Pal wbijany oraz sposób wprowadzania pala wbijanego w dno morskie

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102013019288.9A DE102013019288A1 (de) 2013-11-19 2013-11-19 Rammpfahl sowie Verfahren zur Einbringung eines Rammpfahls in den Meeresuntergrund

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2884006A2 EP2884006A2 (fr) 2015-06-17
EP2884006A3 EP2884006A3 (fr) 2015-08-05
EP2884006B1 true EP2884006B1 (fr) 2017-01-11

Family

ID=51866022

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14191626.2A Active EP2884006B1 (fr) 2013-11-19 2014-11-04 Pieux et procédé de pose d'un pieu battu au fond de la mer

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2884006B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102013019288A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK2884006T3 (fr)
LT (1) LT2884006T (fr)
PL (1) PL2884006T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3112536A1 (fr) * 2015-06-29 2017-01-04 Quiet Pile Limited Appareil d'isolation du bruit de battage
RS60470B1 (sr) 2016-04-15 2020-07-31 Pur Wind Aps Zaptivač za vetroturbinu

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1091804A (en) * 1965-07-13 1967-11-22 Atlas Copco Ab Improvements in acoustically deadened piling
JPS56108412A (en) * 1979-03-19 1981-08-28 Kazuhide Sakurada Sound insulating method of sheet pile and pipe pile
ATE324495T1 (de) * 2002-10-28 2006-05-15 Intelligent Engineering Ltd Bs Verstärkte rohrstrukturen
WO2011091041A2 (fr) * 2010-01-19 2011-07-28 University Of Washington Through Its Center For Commercialization Pieu pour rendre minimale la transmission de bruit et procédé d'enfoncement de pieu

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK2884006T3 (en) 2017-03-06
LT2884006T (lt) 2017-02-10
PL2884006T3 (pl) 2017-07-31
EP2884006A3 (fr) 2015-08-05
EP2884006A2 (fr) 2015-06-17
DE102013019288A1 (de) 2015-05-21

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