EP2864552B1 - Ankergerät - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP2864552B1
EP2864552B1 EP13739152.0A EP13739152A EP2864552B1 EP 2864552 B1 EP2864552 B1 EP 2864552B1 EP 13739152 A EP13739152 A EP 13739152A EP 2864552 B1 EP2864552 B1 EP 2864552B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
central cross
frame
retaining
anchor rod
arms
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Active
Application number
EP13739152.0A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2864552A2 (de
Inventor
Michel LEGON
Julien BAUD
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ACRO Diffusion
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ACRO Diffusion
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Publication of EP2864552A2 publication Critical patent/EP2864552A2/de
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Publication of EP2864552B1 publication Critical patent/EP2864552B1/de
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
    • E02D29/0225—Retaining or protecting walls comprising retention means in the backfill
    • E02D29/0233—Retaining or protecting walls comprising retention means in the backfill the retention means being anchors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a retaining structure, in particular of the type used to prepare or reinforce earthworks and in the development of sloping terrain as known from EP 1728924 A1 .
  • the invention also relates to a support device obtained by adding structures, and to a ski slope edge layout using such a device.
  • a well-known example is the retaining wall, also known as the retaining wall.
  • a wall is usually built of stone, concrete, or metal sheet piling in a slope. The earth is held behind the wall, and presses against it in an effort that tends to push the wall and to tilt it.
  • the support structure thus obtained is feasible at lower cost, and can be implemented easily without the need for heavy equipment.
  • the retaining structure may further have one or more of the following features, taken alone or in combination.
  • the anchor rod, the central cross, the pyramidal tip, and the frame are made of steel.
  • the anchor rod may be a self-drilling screw, or a rod intended to be engaged with a dead body made of cement or concrete.
  • the ends of the branches of the central cross are welded at a certain distance from the corners of the frame, on a straight portion of the beams forming the frame.
  • fasteners arranged on the frame, intended to engage with fasteners of a nearby retaining structure.
  • the invention also relates to the retaining device characterized in that it comprises a plurality of support structures as described above, wherein the retaining structures are connected by fasteners arranged on the frame.
  • the Support structures can be aligned in staggered rows.
  • the invention also relates to a device for skateboard edge arrangement comprising a support device as previously described, further comprising at least one panel attached to the upper edge of the frame of the structure or structures of support forming the upper line of the retaining device for retaining a snowpack.
  • Said device may then comprise vertical rods attached to the top of the pyramidal tip, to which is attached a safety net.
  • the lower edge of said safety net is then potentially attached by fast-opening rings to said at least one panel.
  • FIG. 1a, 1b, 1c is shown schematically a structure 1 of ground reinforcement according to the invention, respectively face (1a), profile (1b) and three-quarters (1c).
  • Such a support structure 1 comprises an anchor rod 3, a central cross 5, a pyramidal tip 7, and a frame 9.
  • the anchor rod is here produced in the form of a self-drilling screw 3, partially visible in figure 1b is made of steel, in the form of a shaft with a screw thread.
  • This self-drilling screw 3 is to be driven into the ground by one of its ends, in particular by screwing the thread into the ground by rotation of the shaft, which causes a tapping around the hole formed by the depression of the screw 3. This tapping retains the screw 3 once it is depressed.
  • the central cross 5 is composed of two intersecting metal bars, and carries the pyramidal point 7.
  • Said pyramidal tip 7 has four beams, forming the edges of a pyramid whose base is in the plane of the central cross 5.
  • the four beams are joined at the tip of the pyramid, where there is an orifice 71, in which is passed the self-drilling screw 3.
  • the top of the pyramidal tip 7 points in the opposite direction to that of the end of the self-drilling screw 3 intended for be buried in the ground.
  • the screw 3 is retained in translation at the orifice 71, for example via a screw head of larger diameter or with the aid of one or more nuts.
  • the anchor rod 3 may be a rod, in particular full, intended to be surrounded by cement or concrete.
  • the rod 3 is then put in place in a prior drilling in which the cement or concrete has been injected, then allowed to take the cement or concrete, which then acts as a dead body.
  • the outer wall of at least the end portion of the rod 3 may be knurled, serrated or at least roughly frosted for better attachment of cement or concrete.
  • the central cross 5 comprises in its center a bore 51, through which the self-drilling screw 3 is passed.
  • This piercing 51 contributes, with the orifice 71, to constrain the self-drilling screw 3.
  • the bore 51 contributes to the alignment of said screw 3 relative to the plane of the central cross 5, which is, at the establishment of the structure 1 in the framework of the support of a slope, arranged vertically, generally roughly aligned on a level line of the slope, ie perpendicular to the gradient of the slope.
  • the structure 1 is used to reinforce a plumb, for example such as an embankment or a cliff over a road.
  • the structure 1 is then pressed by the screw 3 against the plumb, and then allows to slow erosion and prevent landslides.
  • the four beams forming the pyramidal tip 7 are attached by their base to the metal bars forming the central cross 5, at an angle of 10 to 40 °, preferably 30 °, by welding.
  • the metal bars forming the central cross 5 and the beams forming the pyramidal tip 7 are made of steel.
  • These bars and beams may for example be segments of beams with square section, about ten centimeters side, typically from 5 to 20cm, hollow, with walls of a thickness of 3 to 10mm.
  • these bars and beams may be H-section beam segments, with a central core and side wings (IPN type beam).
  • the pyramidal tip 7 protrudes from the plane containing the central cross 5, its vertex intended to point in the opposite direction to the ground retained once the structure 1 has been put in place, thus defining a front face of the structure 1, the screw 3 is thus directed towards the rear of the structure (buried side).
  • connection between the bars forming the central cross 5 and the beams forming the pyramidal tip 7 may be reinforced by metal reinforcements 11, here in the form of metal plates, bent in their plane, the two sections of the elbow respectively coming against the bars and the beams, and being welded or screwed to them.
  • the frame 9 comprises four metal beams, assembled in a rectangle.
  • the beams may in particular be of the same type as the beams of the pyramidal tip 7 and / or the central cross 5.
  • the frame 9 is connected to the ends of the branches of the central cross 5, which are here welded to him.
  • the frame 9 is here elongated with respect to the central cross 5.
  • the ends of the branches of the central cross 5 are welded at a distance from the corners of the frame 9, on a flat lateral surface of the beams forming the frame 9.
  • This configuration makes it possible to hold the ends of branch of the central cross 5 by means of a single weld, practiced in one piece over the entire section of the beam forming a central cross branch 5. Such a weld is more economical and stronger.
  • the frame 9 can typically have a size of the order of three meters side, the other elements (pyramidal tip 7, central cross 5) are dimensioned accordingly.
  • the self-tapping screw 3 is a length of several meters, adapted to the estimated depth of drilling for good performance and a diameter of a few centimeters, typically 2 to 8cm.
  • the figure 2 shows an alternative embodiment, wherein the frame 9 has slits 13 in the corners, forming a lattice.
  • the branch ends of the central cross 5 are then welded to said slashes 13.
  • the slashes 13 may be portions of the same beam as those used for the rest of the structure 1.
  • the figure 3 shows structure 1 of Figures 1a, 1b, 1c in the installed state.
  • the structure 1 is placed approximately vertically (or inclined according to the desired plumb), the self-drilling screw 3 is pressed into the ground until a sufficiently hard layer 15 is obtained, for example the rock underlying if it is accessible.
  • the screw 3 is then partially inserted into said hard layer 15, and taps into it, which fixes it with respect to the hard layer 15. If the hard layer 15 is too hard to allow a direct depression, a pre-drilling can be performed before screwing screw 3, so that said screw 3 only practices tapping.
  • the structure 1 comprises a retention layer 17 arranged on the frame 9, the side facing the ground thereof.
  • the retention layer 17 is advantageously a metal grid (stainless steel in particular) welded to the frame 9, and possibly to the central cross 5.
  • said retention layer 17 may for example be a wooden panel, plastic or metal, which will then have to be pierced with holes for a flow of water.
  • embankment 19 for example earth, rubble, or sand.
  • the embankment 19 is retained by the retention layer 17, the resulting pressure is applied on the central cross 5 and the frame 9. This resulting pressure is counteracted by the self-drilling screw 3, in engagement with the hard layer 15, which transmits the force reaction via the pyramidal tip 7, whose beams transmit the forces to the central cross 5.
  • the central cross 5 then transmits the efforts to the frame 9.
  • the pyramidal structure of the tip 7 here acts as a vault in the transmission of forces, so that the latter, starting from the orifice 71, are distributed over a larger area possible.
  • connection between the screw 3 and the orifice 71 it is advantageous for the connection between the screw 3 and the orifice 71 to allow the adjustment of the length of the anchoring rod 3, which is the case with the nut or nuts and / or with a self-locking screw retained in translation. at the orifice 71.
  • a prestressing of the ground behind the structure 1 is achieved by means of the forces transmitted during a shortening of the rod length of anchoring 3.
  • This shortening can be achieved after the implementation of said structure 1 due to the accessibility of the orifice 71 located on the apparent face of the structure 1. This prestressing reduces uncontrolled settlement and subsequent soil retained , and / or slow erosion by soil compaction.
  • the figure 4 shows a plurality of structures 1, implemented side by side, to form a retaining device 100.
  • the structures 1 are here aligned in rows, which are themselves arranged one on the other.
  • the rows may in particular be shifted, with respect to the following, so that the supporting structures 1 are staggered in the retaining device 100.
  • each structure 1 comprises fasteners 21, which are arranged on the frame 9 so as to engage with a supporting structure 1 neighbor, when said structures 1 are arranged side by side to achieve a tiling of the plane of steady to support.
  • fasteners 21 are, in the examples shown pierced protruding tabs, in which is inserted a pin.
  • Other embodiments may be envisaged, such as rings and associated hooks.
  • the figure 5 shows an alternative embodiment of retaining structure 1.
  • the orifice 71 at the top of the pyramidal tip 7 is articulated by means of a hinge 73.
  • the bore 51 is carried by a sliding connection 53, movable along rails 55.
  • the rails 55 comprise parallel metal bars, two in number and starting from the center of the central cross 5, welded to the frame 9, and forming a support for the bore 51 carried by a slidable plate along the parallel metal bars.
  • the angle formed by the self-drilling screw 3 with the frame 9 and the central cross 5 can be adjusted.
  • a holding orifice 57 is provided at the slide connection 53.
  • the angle between the self-drilling screw 3 and the frame 9 is adjusted.
  • the orifice 71 and the bore 51 may comprise a thread that engages with the screw thread of the screw 3.
  • the embodiment shown also comprises feet 23, arranged on the side of the frame 9 intended to be in contact with the ground. These feet 23 can be adjustable in height to allow an adjustment of the height of the structure 1, and / or be provided with coatings and forms for better grip on the ground.
  • Such support structures 1 may in particular be used to prevent an avalanche, being arranged regularly on a slope before heavy snowfall.
  • the retaining structures 1 thus arranged retain the snow which is then deposited in place of the embankment 19. It is then possible to influence the amount of snow retained by tilting the frame 9 (and hence the cross 5 and the point 7): if the retaining structure 1 is strongly inclined relative to the normal ground, it will retain only little snow but will be quickly covered, if on the other hand it is kept close to normal ground, it will be later covered but will retain a larger amount of snow.
  • the volume of snow retained by the structures 1 can be adapted to the amount of snow expected.
  • the retaining structure 1 and the retaining device 100 according to the invention are easily installable, and in particular do not require heavy machinery for the insertion of supporting elements, in contrast, for example, sheet pile systems.
  • the retaining device 100 can therefore be installed in potentially more remote or difficult to access places, and / or at a lower cost.
  • the figure 6 shows a ski slope edge arrangement device 200 comprising a retaining device 100 as previously mentioned.
  • the runway edge layout device 200 is intended to be implemented at the edge of said ski slopes at the level of slopes through which the snow pushed by the skiers falls gradually out of the runway, resulting in premature closing.
  • the arrangement device 200 comprises a support device 100, forming with the earth that it holds a plumb, marking in fact the limit of the track.
  • the retaining device 100 comprises a single line of reinforcement structures 1, however, it is possible to produce a layout device 200 with several lines of structures 1.
  • the upper line of structures 1 limits the height of plumb, corresponding to the edge of the hard ground, without the snow.
  • Said upper structural line 1 of the retaining device 100 carries bases 23 which carry vertical posts 25.
  • These vertical posts 25 have two lateral notches, for example having an H section with a central core and side wings. Between the lateral notches of two consecutive posts 25, one or more panels 27 are inserted. The panel or panels 25 are intended to retain the snowpack 28 which is deposited on the embankment 19 behind the retaining structures 1.
  • the panels 27 are preferably of wood, of a height corresponding to the expected thickness of the snowpack 28.
  • each panel 27 is composed of a plurality of longitudinal planks, which can be placed one above the other and removed to adjust the panel height 27 to that of the snowpack.
  • the dimensions of such boards are, for example 225mm wide, 75mm thick and 4500mm long. If there is a significant fall or melting of snow, the number of boards stacked in height can be adapted by the trackers.
  • the upper edge of the panels may additionally be covered with a metal angle (not shown) to prevent contact with a snow groomer damaging the device 200.
  • the layout device 200 may further comprise a safety net 29, stretched by cables 33 above the panels 27, carried by vertical rods 35.
  • the vertical yards are at their base integral with the top of the pyramidal tip 7.
  • the yards 35 are tubes, metal, plastic or polymers, a height of a few meters. Their lower portion is straight, while the upper portion is curved, so that the upper end of the penis 35 is vertical panels 27.
  • the arrangement device here further comprises arcs of reinforcement 37, which are arranged on the upper limit bar of the frame 9, the convex side outwards.
  • the reinforcing arches 37 comprise at their top a rod attachment 39, which secures the rod 35 and the reinforcing arch 37.
  • the reinforcing arches 37 strengthen the rods 35 in their position.
  • the safety net 29 is attached at its lower edge to the vertical rails 25.
  • the vertical yards can be tensioned by flexion .
  • quick-opening rings such as pigs or hooks said pigtail, can be positioned at regular distance on the panels 27, and a braided cable in the safety net 29 is then passed in said rings fast opening and tensioned, for example by means of a jack.
  • the retaining device 100 of the runway edge layout device 200 makes it possible to widen said runway: an additional flat portion can be developed where, without support, the ground would collapse in a natural slope. . 1.
  • the retaining structures 1 used to form the retaining device 100 form an appropriate base forming a support for the panels 27 and the safety net 29.
  • the panels 27 retain the snow from the edges of the track, which is otherwise pushed progressively by the skiers outwards, and the safety net 29 prevents a skier from falling into the formed plumb by means of the support device 100.
  • the support device 100 is preferably implemented before the first snowfall and can remain in place after melting it for several years.
  • the device can be used off-season for slopes that offer downhill biking or other means of locomotion, and slows the erosion of the runway edge during the thaw.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Entlastungsstruktur, umfassend:
    - eine Verankerungsstange (3), die dazu bestimmt ist, zum Bilden einer Verankerung in den Boden eines Hangs eingetrieben zu werden,
    - zwei sich kreuzende Metallstäbe, die ein mittleres Kreuz (5) bilden,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie ferner Folgendes aufweist:
    - vier Träger, die eine Pyramidenspitze (7) bilden und an den Armen des mittleren Kreuzes (5) angeordnet sind, wobei der Gipfel der Pyramidenspitze (7) in die der Richtung des Endes der Verankerungsstange (3), das dazu bestimmt ist, in den Boden eingetrieben zu werden, entgegengesetzte Richtung zeigt und eine Öffnung (71) aufweist, durch die die Verankerungsstange (3) geht,
    - einen aus Trägern gebildeten Rahmen (9), der das mittlere Kreuz (5) umgibt und an den Enden der Arme des mittleren Kreuzes (9) an diesem angebracht ist.
  2. Struktur nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verankerungsstange (3), das mittlere Kreuz (5), die Pyramidenspitze (7) und der Rahmen (9) aus Stahl hergestellt sind.
  3. Struktur nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verankerungsstange (3) eine selbstbohrende Schraube ist.
  4. Struktur nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verankerungsstange (3) eine Stange ist, die dazu bestimmt ist, mit einem Ankerblock aus Zement oder Beton in Eingriff zu treten.
  5. Struktur nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie ferner eine auf dem Rahmen (9) angeordnete Halteschicht (17) aufweist.
  6. Struktur nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Halteschicht (17) ein auf den Rahmen (9) geschweißtes Metallgitter ist.
  7. Struktur nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie an jeder Ecke des Rahmens eine schräge Stange (13) aufweist und dass die Enden der Arme des mittleren Kreuzes (5) an den schrägen Stangen (13) befestigt sind.
  8. Struktur nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Enden der Arme des mittleren Kreuzes (5) in einem gewissen Abstand von den Ecken des Rahmens (9) an einem geraden Abschnitt der den Rahmen (9) bildenden Träger angeschweißt sind.
  9. Struktur nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie an dem Rahmen (9) angeordnete Verbindungselemente (21) aufweist, die dazu bestimmt sind, mit Verbindungselementen (21) einer benachbarten Entlastungsstruktur (1) in Eingriff zu treten.
  10. Entlastungsvorrichtung, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie eine Vielzahl von Entlastungsstrukturen (1) aufweist, wobei die Entlastungsstrukturen (1) Folgendes umfassen:
    - eine Verankerungsstange (3), die dazu bestimmt ist, zum Bilden einer Verankerung in den Boden eines Hangs eingetrieben zu werden,
    - zwei sich kreuzende Metallstäbe, die ein mittleres Kreuz (5) bilden,
    - vier Träger, die eine Pyramidenspitze (7) bilden und an den Armen des mittleren Kreuzes (5) angeordnet sind, wobei der Gipfel der Pyramidenspitze (7) in die der Richtung der Verankerungsstange (3) entgegengesetzte Richtung zeigt und eine Öffnung (71) aufweist, durch die die Verankerungsstange (3) geht,
    - einen aus Trägern gebildeten Rahmen (9), der das mittlere Kreuz (5) umgibt und an den Enden der Arme des mittleren Kreuzes (5) an diesem angebracht ist,
    wobei die Entlastungsstrukturen durch am Rahmen (9) angeordnete Verbindungselemente (21) verbunden sind.
  11. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Entlastungsstrukturen (1) versetzt ausgerichtet sind.
  12. Vorrichtung (200) zur Gestaltung des Rands einer Skipiste, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie mindestens eine Entlastungsvorrichtung (100) aufweist, die eine Vielzahl von Entlastungsstrukturen (1) umfasst, wobei die Strukturen Folgendes umfassen:
    - eine Verankerungsstange (3), die dazu bestimmt ist, zum Bilden einer Verankerung in den Boden eines Hangs eingetrieben zu werden,
    - zwei sich kreuzende Metallstäbe, die ein mittleres Kreuz (5) bilden,
    - vier Träger, die eine Pyramidenspitze (7) bilden und an den Armen des mittleren Kreuzes (5) angeordnet sind, wobei der Gipfel der Pyramidenspitze (7) in die der Richtung der Verankerungsstange (3) entgegengesetzte Richtung zeigt und eine Öffnung (71) aufweist, durch die die Verankerungsstange (3) geht, und an den Enden der Arme des mittleren Kreuzes (9) daran angebracht ist,
    - einen aus Trägern gebildeten Rahmen (9), der das mittlere Kreuz (5) umgibt und an den Enden der Arme des mittleren Kreuzes (5) an diesem angebracht ist,
    und ferner umfassend mindestens eine an der oberen Kante des Rahmens (9) der Entlastungsstruktur oder -strukturen (1), die die obere Linie der Entlastungsvorrichtung bildet, angebrachte Platte (25), die dazu bestimmt ist, eine Schneedecke (28) zu halten.
  13. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie vertikale Stöcke (35) aufweist, die am Gipfel der Pyramidenspitze (7) angebracht sind und an denen ein Sicherheitsnetz (29) angebracht ist.
  14. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der untere Rand des Sicherheitsnetzes (29) durch schnell zu öffnende Ringe an der mindestens einen Platte (25) angebracht ist.
EP13739152.0A 2012-06-21 2013-06-20 Ankergerät Active EP2864552B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1201757A FR2992335B1 (fr) 2012-06-21 2012-06-21 Structure de soutenement, dispositif de soutenement associe et dispositif d'amenagement de bord de piste skiable utilisant ceux-ci
PCT/EP2013/062910 WO2013190052A2 (fr) 2012-06-21 2013-06-20 Structure de soutenement, dispositif de soutenement associe et dispositif d'amenagement de bord de piste skiable utilisant ceux-ci

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2864552A2 EP2864552A2 (de) 2015-04-29
EP2864552B1 true EP2864552B1 (de) 2016-11-23

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EP13739152.0A Active EP2864552B1 (de) 2012-06-21 2013-06-20 Ankergerät

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EP (1) EP2864552B1 (de)
FR (1) FR2992335B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2013190052A2 (de)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3021701B1 (fr) * 2014-05-27 2016-06-17 Snecma Procede et dispositif de controle d'une poussee d'un turboreacteur
FR3117136B1 (fr) * 2020-12-04 2024-01-12 Sbj & Co Sa Structure de soutènement et dispositif de soutènement correspondant
FR3134124B1 (fr) * 2022-03-30 2024-09-27 Sbj & Co Sa Structure de soutènement et dispositif de soutènement correspondant

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITMI20051020A1 (it) * 2005-05-31 2006-12-01 Artigiana Costruzioni S R L Dispositivo di contenimento di corpi, o masse, frananti
ITVR20090005U1 (it) * 2009-03-31 2010-10-01 Betonform S R L Dispositivo di contenimento, cosiddetto dispositivo fermaneve, paravalanghe, paramassi, o simile dispositivo.
EP2575423B1 (de) * 2010-03-26 2014-11-26 Santorum, Lucillo Struktur für den schutz und/oder die konsolidierung von hängen

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FR2992335A1 (fr) 2013-12-27
WO2013190052A2 (fr) 2013-12-27
FR2992335B1 (fr) 2014-08-29
EP2864552A2 (de) 2015-04-29
WO2013190052A3 (fr) 2015-01-29

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