EP4253664A1 - Stützkonstruktion und stützvorrichtung dafür - Google Patents

Stützkonstruktion und stützvorrichtung dafür Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4253664A1
EP4253664A1 EP23165216.5A EP23165216A EP4253664A1 EP 4253664 A1 EP4253664 A1 EP 4253664A1 EP 23165216 A EP23165216 A EP 23165216A EP 4253664 A1 EP4253664 A1 EP 4253664A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
central
central cross
reinforcing
bars
fixing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP23165216.5A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Julien BAUD
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sbj & Co Sa
Original Assignee
Sbj & Co Sa
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sbj & Co Sa filed Critical Sbj & Co Sa
Publication of EP4253664A1 publication Critical patent/EP4253664A1/de
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
    • E02D29/0225—Retaining or protecting walls comprising retention means in the backfill
    • E02D29/0233—Retaining or protecting walls comprising retention means in the backfill the retention means being anchors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a retaining structure, in particular of the type used to prepare or reinforce earthworks and in the development of sloping land.
  • the invention also relates to a support device comprising one or more support structures.
  • walls generally made of stone, metal or wood, to create retaining structures.
  • Such structures are used, for example, to retain earth on sloping ground, so as to be able to develop a strip of flat land, in particular to build a road or a building on it.
  • a known example is the retaining wall, also known as a retention wall.
  • a retention wall is generally constructed of stone, concrete, or metal sheet piles on a slope. The earth is held behind the wall, and presses against it in an effort which tends on the one hand to push the wall, and on the other hand to make it tilt.
  • sheet piles require vibrators or pistons to be driven.
  • the dead bodies for anchoring must, if they are not naturally present, be moved and buried correctly, and the cantilevered footings must also be buried deep enough to play their role.
  • a constant problem is being able to adapt easily to different terrain configurations.
  • it is important to prevent and limit possible land decompression.
  • a rigid structure made entirely of steel comprising a central cross formed of steel bars and surrounded by a steel frame.
  • the frame is pressed against the land to be reinforced so as to contain the pressure of the earth and a grid fixed to the frame allows drainage of the land.
  • steel bars can also be attached to the central cross by forming a pyramidal structure playing the role of an arch in the transmission of forces to the central cross.
  • such a structure is very heavy, for example of the order of 300 kg, making transport and installation on the site more complex. It is preferable, in certain difficult geotechnical contexts, to install lighter retaining structures so as not to destabilize the ground.
  • the invention aims to overcome at least partially the aforementioned drawbacks by proposing a less expensive, less heavy and easier to transport and implement retaining structure, while maintaining good technical performance for consolidating and reinforcing land. .
  • the structure comprises a predefined number of devices for fixing the bars of the central cross to the reinforcing cables.
  • the fixing devices respectively comprise two branches fixed on either side of a bar of the central cross and extending in the direction of traction of a reinforcing cable.
  • the cabled reinforcement is lighter, much less expensive and reduces the carbon footprint compared to a reinforcement made of steel bars.
  • the branches of the fixing devices in the traction axis of the cables make it possible to limit deformations at the level of the bars of the central cross, by the transmission of tensile forces exerted on the reinforcement reinforcement.
  • the retaining structure may also include one or more of the following characteristics described below, taken separately or in combination.
  • the fixing devices can respectively comprise at least one assembly member extending transversely with respect to the traction axis, connecting the two branches and configured to cooperate with a complementary fixing element carried by a reinforcement cable.
  • the reinforcing cables may have at their ends fixing elements made in the form of fixing rings.
  • the reinforcing part comprises a main face presenting the central orifice and from which extend a predefined number of fixing tabs, configured to cooperate with the reinforcing cables.
  • the reinforcing part may include at least three fixing tabs.
  • Two first fixing tabs can be configured to be located at a first height relative to the ground when the structure is installed on land.
  • a third mounting tab may be configured to be located at a second height from the ground, lower than the first height.
  • the first two fixing tabs are for example configured to cooperate with at least one respective reinforcement cable.
  • the third fixing tab is for example configured to cooperate with at least two reinforcing cables connected to two different bars of the central cross.
  • the central cross is not perpendicular to the central anchor rod, which allows the particularities of the ground to be reinforced to be taken into account.
  • the central cross may have four end plates fixed to the ends of the branches of the central cross.
  • Said structure comprises for example four tubes fixed on the end plates, so as to form a frame surrounding the central cross.
  • the tubes can have a circular cross section with a diameter of less than 30mm, for example between 15mm and 25mm, in particular of the order of 22mm.
  • the frame thus formed is lighter than in the solutions known from the prior art with a frame made by steel beams or bars.
  • the tubes can be metallic. They can be welded to the end plates.
  • the end plates can be polygonal in shape.
  • the plates have for example a hexagonal shape or alternatively a rectangular shape.
  • the ends of the bars of the central cross are for example arranged at a predetermined non-zero distance from an edge of the end plate coinciding with one end of the frame.
  • the structure may further comprise at least one retention layer fixed to the tubes, among a net, a grid, a lattice panel.
  • the reinforcing part comprises a central plate provided with an orifice of elongated shape, for example oblong, through which the central anchoring rod passes.
  • This elongated shape of the orifice makes it possible to adjust the angle of inclination of the central anchoring rod relative to the plane defined by the central cross.
  • the invention also relates to a support device comprising at least one support structure as described above.
  • the retaining device may also include one or more of the following characteristics described below, taken separately or in combination.
  • the support device may include a plurality of support structures. Retaining structures can be connected by ties.
  • the support device may comprise at least one lateral reinforcement structure, assembled to the at least one support structure.
  • the lateral reinforcing structure has, for example, a triangle shape.
  • the lateral reinforcement structure may include a first bar forming one side of the triangle.
  • the lateral reinforcing structure may include a second bar fixed by a first end in the middle of the first bar.
  • the lateral reinforcement structure may include three end plates fixed to the ends of the first bar and to a second end of the second bar.
  • the lateral reinforcing structure may include at least two tubes fixed to the end plates.
  • the tubes can form the other two sides of the triangle.
  • the invention relates to a retaining structure 1 which can be intended for different applications depending on the geotechnical context.
  • the retaining structure 1 is configured to be used for retaining or reinforcing ground G, ground. It can be used to prepare or reinforce earthworks, or in the development of sloping or difficult to access areas or land. It can also be used as a variant of traditional special works such as nailed sprayed concrete wall, or Berlin wall type. It can also be used as a variant of road widening creations, or access tracks using rockfill or concrete walls. It can also be used to widen ski slopes, or even to address specific skiing issues, by making it possible, for example, to create an extension to contain snow, or a swan neck to equip works with anti-skid nets. -skier falls.
  • the structure 1 can be placed vertically or approximately vertically, or be inclined according to the desired plumbness.
  • the structure 1 When installed on land, the structure 1 is intended to extend over a predefined height H.
  • Such a structure 1 comprises at least one central anchor rod 3 (also called central anchor bar), a central cross 5, and a frame 7 surrounding the central cross 5.
  • Structure 1 advantageously comprises at least one retention layer.
  • This is for example a mesh net 9 advantageously metallic (also called mesh or grid), made of stainless steel in particular and/or a mesh panel 10 or lattice.
  • the structure 1 may also comprise one or more reinforcing means making it possible to reinforce and stiffen the structure 1, examples of embodiments of which are described below.
  • the central anchor rod 3 is intended to be driven by one of its ends into a piece of ground, for example until reaching a sufficiently hard layer, to form an anchor.
  • the central anchor rod 3 is for example made by a solid or hollow bar, the latter being called a self-drilling or self-drilling bar, in the form of a thread. It is for example intended to be installed using a destructive drilling technique in ground G or to be connected to a dead body, by one of its ends, in particular by screwing, which causes tapping around the hole formed during installation. in place of the central anchor rod 3. This tapping retains the central anchor rod 3 once it is in place.
  • the central anchor rod 3 such as a solid or hollow bar called a self-drilling bar
  • the rod 3 is then placed in a drilling carried out by prior or simultaneous destructive drilling during self-drilling drilling, into which the cement or concrete has been injected, then the cement or concrete is allowed to set, which then acts as a dead body.
  • the exterior wall of at least the extremal part of the rod 3 can be knurled, serrated or at least roughly frosted for better attachment of the cement or concrete.
  • the structure 1 may comprise, in addition to the central anchor rod 3, one or more additional reinforcing anchor rods 3', which may be intended to engage with a dead body.
  • Such anchor rods 3' may be similar to the central anchor rod 3.
  • a reinforcing anchor rod 3' may be provided at the periphery of the structure 1, for example at the foot of the structure 1, depending on the orientation of the elements on the figures 1 And 2 , or as a variant head or top part of the structure 1.
  • An additional reinforcing anchor rod 3' can be fixed on a support plate 4. When several structures 1 are provided, a reinforcing anchor rod 3' can be common for two neighboring structures 1.
  • the central cross 5 has an X shape. It comprises at least two bars 51, 52.
  • the central cross 5 is for example formed of two intersecting bars 51, 52. Alternatively, it can be formed of four bars arranged in the shape of a cross which join in the center of the central cross 5.
  • the bars 51, 52 forming the central cross 5 can be metallic or made of a metallic alloy. They are notably made of steel.
  • the entire structure 1 can be a metal structure or a metal alloy.
  • the metal bars 51, 52 can for example be segments of hollow beams. For example, they have a square section.
  • the bars 51, 52 can be H-section beam segments, with a central web and lateral wings (IPN type beams).
  • the central cross 5 can be made at least partly in wood.
  • structure 1 can be a mixed structure made of wood and metal.
  • the wooden bars can be assembled to the end plates 11 by advantageously metallic parts, fixed to the end plates 11, for example by being welded. These are, for example, end sleeves inside which the ends of the bars are fitted.
  • the wooden bars can optionally be assembled to the central plate 13 by similar sleeves.
  • the structure 1 may include end plates 11 fixed to the ends of the bars 51, 52 of the central cross 5.
  • an end plate 11 is fixed to each longitudinal end of the two intersecting bars 51, 52 forming the central cross 5.
  • Four end plates 11 are therefore provided.
  • an end plate 11 can be fixed to one end of each bar. This is the end opposite the center of the central cross 5.
  • the end plates 11 are also made of metal or a metal alloy, for example steel.
  • the ends of the bars 51, 52 of the central cross 5 are for example welded to the end plates 11.
  • the end plates 11 are provided at the four ends of the central cross 5.
  • the end plates 11 can be polygonal in shape. In a non-limiting manner, the end plates 11 can for example be of hexagonal shape. In the example illustrated, the end plates 11 have three interior edges 11a oriented towards the center of the cross and three exterior edges 11b which are furthest from the center of the cross. In particular, an inner edge 11a and an outer edge 11b are arranged opposite each other and extend perpendicular to the direction of extension of a bar 51, 52 of the central cross 5. In this particular example, the outer edge 11b extending perpendicular to the direction of extension of a bar 51, 52 coincides with one end or corner of the frame 7.
  • the end plates 11 can be rectangular in shape. Such rectangular plates can be arranged at the ends of the bars 51, 52 of the central cross 5, so that a diagonal of an end plate 11 corresponds to the direction of extension of a bar 51, 52. of course, any other shape of the end plates 11 can be considered.
  • the end plates 11 respectively have a first surface 113 and a second surface 115 opposite each other.
  • the first surface 113 is advantageously planar or substantially planar.
  • the second surface 115 is advantageously planar or substantially planar.
  • ends of the bars 51, 52 of the central cross 5 are arranged on a respective end plate 11, in particular on the first flat surface 113.
  • the ends of the bars 51, 52 of the central cross 5 are therefore on the side opposite the second surfaces 115 of the end plates 11.
  • the bars 51, 52 can stop for example at a predetermined non-zero distance d1 from the ends or corners of the frame 7.
  • the end of a bar 51, 52, given is located at the predetermined distance d1 from an edge of the end plate 11, in particular from an outer edge 11b. In this particular example, it concerns the outer edge 11b extending perpendicular to the direction of extension of a bar 51, 52.
  • This distance d1 is for example of the order of 2cm to 3cm.
  • elements, in particular of the same nature, of one or more structures 1, can be stacked, for example for transport to the construction site. We are talking also packing.
  • several central crosses 5 can be stacked and nested as shown schematically.
  • the first central cross 5 is arranged below the second central cross 5.
  • the ends of the bars 51, 52 of the second central cross 5 bear against the second surfaces 115 of the end plates 11 of the first central cross 5, and so on. More generally, the ends of the bars 51, 52 of a central cross 5, located at a level n in the stack, come to bear against the second surfaces 115 of the end plates 11 of the central cross 5, located at the level lower n-1 in the stack.
  • the end plates 11 can each have one or more orifices 117, at least one of which can be oblong in shape. According to a particular embodiment, these orifices 117 can be configured to cooperate, on the side opposite the ends of the bars 51, 52, with an alignment part, such as a metal angle, to resume the alignment of two structures 1 This connection is adjustable thanks to the oblong holes 117.
  • the central cross 5 is configured to be crossed by the central anchor rod 3.
  • the central cross 5 has a hole in its center, through which the central anchor rod 3 can pass.
  • a central plate 13 is for example arranged at the junction of the bars 51, 52, in the center of the central cross 5. This central plate 13 is in this case also provided with a central drilling to allow the passage of the anchor rod central 3.
  • the central plate 13 can also be made of a metallic material or of a metallic alloy, for example steel.
  • the central plate 13 can be welded to the junction of the bars 51, 52 in the center of the central cross 5.
  • the central plate 13 can have a rectangular or square shape, or even a cross shape complementary to the shape at the junction of the bars 51, 52.
  • the structure 1 can comprise a predefined number of tubes 71, 72, for example four tubes 71, 72, fixed to the end plates 11.
  • the frame 7 surrounding the central cross 5 is formed by the tubes 71, 72, fixed to the end plates 11.
  • Two first opposite tubes 71 extend in a first direction D1 and two second opposite tubes 72 extend in a second direction D2 perpendicular to the first direction D1.
  • the two directions D1, D2 are in the plane of the central cross 5.
  • the first direction D1 corresponds to a horizontal direction and the second direction D2 corresponds to the direction of the height of the structure 1.
  • the first tubes 71 are joined to the second tubes 72 via end plates 11.
  • the tubes 71, 72 can be metallic or made of a metallic alloy, for example steel. They are for example welded on the end plates 11.
  • the tubes 71, 72 can be fixed to outer edges 11b of the end plates 11. These include the outer edges 11b of the end plates 11 extending in the first direction D1 and the second direction D2.
  • the hexagonal shape of the end plates 11 gives the ends of the frame 7 an oblique shape with respect to the first and second directions D1, D2 of extensions of the tubes 71, 72 or a truncated corner shape .
  • the tubes 71, 72 have a circular cross section. They may have a diameter less than 30mm, for example between 15mm and 25mm, in particular of the order of 22mm.
  • Such tubes 71, 72 make it possible to lighten the structure 1 compared to a structure known from the prior art all in steel whose frame is made by bars or beams of larger dimensions than these tubes 71, 72, while making it possible to contain the thrust of the earth when structure 1 is pressed against land to be reinforced.
  • tubes 71, 72 can be placed in a simple manner around the central cross 5 by being welded to the end plates 11. Such a process is faster than a solution with a cable for example to form the framework, which can take a long time to put in place.
  • the retention layer such as a mesh net 9
  • a mesh net 9 it is intended to be placed on the structure 1, on the side intended to face the ground G, the terrain, when the structure 1 is installed. Thanks to this mesh net 9, the structure 1 does not retain the hydrostatic pressure of the ground, it is draining.
  • the mesh net 9 can be welded to the frame 7, in particular to the tubes 71, 72, and possibly to the central cross 5.
  • the mesh net 9 can have larger openings for the passage of elements, such as fixing devices 21 described below, fixed to the bars 51, 52 of the central cross 5.
  • the mesh net 9 can be doubled. Furthermore, a burlap can be added to the mesh net 9 to allow vegetation. Other variations for the retention layer can be considered.
  • structure 1 may include a retention layer such as a panel 10 ( figures 4 And 5 ), for example metallic, also mesh or pierced with holes for water flow.
  • the panel 10 may include a fence or lattice 101 and a peripheral frame 103, around the fence or lattice 101.
  • the mesh or trellis 101 may have openings 105 larger than the rest of the mesh for the passage of elements, such as fixing devices 21 described subsequently and possibly a part for fixing the anchor rod 3 in the center of the cross.
  • five openings 105 are arranged in a staggered manner, with four openings 105 forming a square and a fifth in the center of the other four.
  • the peripheral frame 103 is advantageously of a shape complementary to that of the frame 7 surrounding the central cross 5.
  • This peripheral frame 103 can be fixed to the frame 7, in particular to the end plates 11, by any suitable fixing means, in particular mechanical. Fixing can be done for example by bolting or screwing.
  • the peripheral frame 103 of the panel 10 may have orifices 107 intended to cooperate with complementary orifices 117 provided on the end plates 11, for the passage of fixing members such as bolts, screws, threaded rods.
  • Such a lattice panel 10 makes it possible to increase the resistance of the structure 1.
  • the structure 1 advantageously comprises a reinforcing structure or frame 15, arranged in a general shape of a pyramidal point or diamond point.
  • This reinforcing frame 15 makes it possible to prestress the structure 1, in order to limit the deformations of the structure 1. Embodiments of the reinforcing frame 15 are described in more detail below.
  • One or more fixing devices 21 of the reinforcing frame 15 to the central cross 5 may be provided.
  • the central cross 5 thus carries the reinforcing frame 15.
  • the reinforcing frame 15 can be intended to be arranged in the ground.
  • the top of the pyramidal shape points in the same direction as the end of the central anchor rod 3 intended to be driven into the ground, as illustrated in the figures.
  • the space behind the structure 1 is filled with backfill, for example earth, rubble, or sand.
  • the backfill is retained by the retention layer or layers, the resulting pressure is applied to the central cross 5 and the frame 7.
  • the reinforcing frame 15 is arranged at the rear of the structure 1, on the buried side. This type of assembly can be used in embankment configurations, in particular for aesthetic reasons and to avoid prominences on the front face of structure 1.
  • the central anchor rod 3 provides anchoring by directly fixing the structure 1 in the ground, so as to contain the thrust of the earth.
  • the reinforcement 15 makes it possible to prestress the structure 1. This makes it possible to limit, or even stop, a possible decompression movement of the ground from a geotechnical point of view. For example, prestressing makes it possible to reduce uncontrolled and subsequent settlement of the retained soil G, and/or to slow down erosion by compaction of the soil G.
  • the reinforcement 15 can be intended to be arranged above ground.
  • the top of the pyramidal shape points in a direction opposite to that of the end of the central anchor rod 3 intended to be driven into the ground.
  • the reinforcing frame 15 or diamond point is arranged at the front of the structure 1, and is directed in a direction opposite to the retained terrain.
  • This type of assembly can be used in excavation configurations, in particular to limit earthworks so as not to destabilize the ground.
  • the reinforcing frame 15 comprises at least one reinforcing piece 17 which is central, and a predefined number of reinforcing cables 19. In the example illustrated, four reinforcing cables 19 are planned.
  • the reinforcing frame 15 is therefore wired, it also has an octopus shape.
  • the central cross 5 carries the reinforcement cables 19 with the reinforcement piece 17 in the center.
  • the reinforcement cables 19 are therefore attached on the one hand to the bars 51, 52 of the central cross 5 and on the other hand to the reinforcement piece 17.
  • the reinforcement cables 19 are intended to be stressed in a traction direction T respective, in particular when the structure 1 is installed and anchored.
  • Fixing devices 21 make it possible to fix the bars 51, 52 of the central cross 5 to the reinforcing cables 19.
  • four fixing devices 21 are provided, more precisely two fixing devices 21 are provided for each diagonal of the cross central 5.
  • branches 211 respectively comprise two branches 211 fixed on either side of a bar 51, 52 of the central cross 5, by being for example welded.
  • the two branches 211 are parallel and extend in the direction of traction T of a reinforcing cable 19.
  • the two branches 211 thus extend by forming a projection relative to the plane defined by the central cross 5.
  • the branches 211 can be fixed on the bars 51, 52 near the end plates 11, for example at a third of the distance between the center of the central cross 5 and an end plate 11.
  • the fixing devices 21 may comprise an assembly member, such as a bolt or a screw, extending transversely with respect to the traction axis T and connecting the two branches 211.
  • assembly member is for example configured to cooperate with a complementary fixing element, such as a fixing ring, carried by a reinforcing cable 19.
  • the branches 211 previously fixed to the bars 51, 52 of the central crosses 5 allow more stable stacking and packaging.
  • the bars 51, 52 of the second central cross 5 fit between the branches 211 fixed on the first central cross 5, and so on. More generally, the bars 51, 52 of a central cross 5, located at a level n in the stack, fit between the branches 211 fixed on the central cross 5, located at the lower level n-1 in the stack. stacking.
  • the reinforcing cables 19 join at the level of the reinforcing piece 17, being arranged in the general shape of a pyramidal point.
  • the reinforcing cables 19 form the edges of the pyramidal shape whose base is in the plane of the central cross 5 and whose apex (or tip core) is the reinforcing piece 17.
  • structure 1 comprises complementary fixing elements provided on the one hand at the level of the reinforcing part 17 and on the other hand at the level of the reinforcing cables 19.
  • the reinforcement piece 17 protrudes from the plane containing the central cross 5.
  • the reinforcing part 17 can be made of a metallic material or a metallic alloy, for example steel.
  • the reinforcing part 17 is intended to be crossed by the central anchor rod 3. For this purpose it has a central orifice 171 better visible on the Figure 7 .
  • the reinforcing part 17 comprises a main face 173 having the central orifice 171.
  • this central orifice 171 can contribute with the drilling of the central cross to the alignment of the central anchor rod 3 relative to the plane of the central cross.
  • the main face 173 can be polygonal in shape.
  • the main face 173 may have the shape of a pentagon, with a base CI from which extend two side walls CII connected to two top walls CIII reminiscent of a roof shape.
  • a predefined number of fixing tabs 175a, 175b extend from this main face 173.
  • One or more of the fixing tabs 175a, 175b can extend along a plane inclined relative to the plane defined by the main face 173.
  • the reinforcing part 17 comprises at least three fixing tabs 175a, 175b.
  • the reinforcing part 17 comprises two first tabs also called upper fixing tabs 175a and a third tab also called lower fixing tab 175b.
  • the upper fixing tabs 175a are arranged at the same level and the lower fixing tab 175b is arranged at another level. The latter is arranged below the upper fixing tabs 175a in the direction of the height H of the structure 1 (also referring to the figure 2 ), which can correspond to a vertical or substantially vertical direction when the structure 1 is installed.
  • the upper fixing tabs 175a are located at a first height h1 relative to the ground G and the lower fixing tab 175b is located at a second lower height h2 relative to the ground G at the first height.
  • the first height h1 is further from the ground G and the second height h2 is closer to the ground G.
  • the first height h1 and the second height h2 can also be considered in relation to the tube 71 located at the foot of the structure 1 when it is installed on land.
  • the upper fixing tabs 175a can for example be triangular or substantially triangular in shape. Vertices of triangular shapes can be rounded.
  • the upper fixing tabs 175a can be joined to the top walls CIII of the main pentagonal face 173. More precisely, the summit walls CIII of the main pentagonal face 173 can respectively form a base of a triangle forming an upper fixing tab 175a.
  • the lower fixing tab 175b may have a semi-circular or substantially semi-circular shape.
  • the lower fixing tab 175b can be joined to the base CI of the main face 173 pentagonal. More precisely, the base CI of the main pentagonal face 173 can correspond to the diameter of the semi-circle forming the lower fixing tab 175b.
  • the reinforcing part 17 has a general shape which is similar to that of a cat's head with the upper fixing tabs 175a forming the cat's ears.
  • the reinforcement cables 19 are fixed to the reinforcement part 17.
  • the fixing tabs 175a, 175b are configured to cooperate with the reinforcement cables 19.
  • At least one of the fixing tabs in this example the lower fixing tab 175b, is configured to cooperate with at least two reinforcing cables 19 which are also connected to two bars 51, 52 different from the central cross 5 or to the two diagonals of the central cross 5.
  • the two upper fixing tabs 175a are configured to cooperate with at least one respective reinforcing cable 19 which is connected to a given bar 51, 52 of the central cross 5.
  • the fixing tabs 175a, 175b are configured to cooperate with complementary fixing elements 191 provided at the ends of the reinforcing cables 19. For this purpose they respectively have at least one orifice 177.
  • the fixing elements 191 of the reinforcing cables 19 may be in the form of fixing rings, in particular strops and/or shackles. These fixing elements 191 can be hooked into the holes 177 at the fixing tabs 175a, 175b.
  • the reinforcement cables 19 are for example pre-crimped.
  • the reinforcing cables 19 fixed on the one hand to the bars 51, 52 and on the other hand to the reinforcing piece 17 can extend at an angle of 10° to 40° with the plane defined by the central cross 5.
  • the central cross 5 When the structure 1 is installed on the ground with the anchor rod 3 anchored in the ground G, the central cross 5 is not perpendicular to the central anchor rod 3. This is due to the configuration of the reinforcement piece 17 in the center of the reinforcement cables 19 carried by the central cross 5, with a lower fixing tab 175b common for two reinforcing cables 19. On the contrary, with a solution which would present four equidistant fixing tabs, the central cross 5 would be perpendicular to the central anchoring rod 3 . With the three fixing tabs 175a, 175b of the reinforcement piece 17, the distance between the central cross 5 and the lower fixing tab 175b is reduced compared to the distance from the central cross 5 to the upper fixing tabs 175a. This configuration offers better tolerance for the installation of structure 1 on terrain by taking into account possible convex and concave aspects.
  • a second embodiment is represented in a simplified manner on the figures 8 and 9 . Only the differences compared to the first embodiment are detailed below.
  • the reinforcing frame 15 comprises four beams 25, forming the edges of the pyramidal shape whose base is in the plane of the central cross 5.
  • the beams 25, on the one hand, are fixed to the bars 51, 52, and on the other hand meet at a reinforcing piece 27, forming the top of the pyramidal shape (or heart of the pyramidal tip).
  • the beams 25 are for example metallic, in particular steel. They may be similar to the bars 51, 52 of the central cross 5 as described previously.
  • the beams 25 are fixed at one end to the fixing devices 21 fixed to the bars 51, 52 forming the central cross 5.
  • the respective ends of the beams 25 can be fixed between the two branches 211 of an associated fixing device 21 .
  • the branches 211 of the fixing devices 21 extend in the direction of main extension of the beams 25.
  • the reinforcement piece 27 at the junction of the beams 25, better visible on the Figure 9 comprises a central plate 271 provided with an orifice 273, in which the central anchoring rod 3 is intended to pass when assembling the structure 1.
  • the orifice 273 is of elongated shape, for example oblong, so to be able to adjust the angle of inclination of the central anchor rod 3 relative to the plane defined by the central cross 5.
  • the central anchor rod 3 can be retained in translation at the level of the orifice 273, for example via a screw head, or using one or more nuts.
  • the central plate 271 can for example be rectangular in shape.
  • the orifice 273, for example oblong, can extend diagonally from the central plate 271.
  • the reinforcing part 27 further comprises fixing plates 275 fixed to the central plate 271.
  • These fixing plates 275 have for example an elongated shape such as an oblong shape.
  • the fixing plates 275 can form two by two housings 277 in which the ends of the beams 25 are received and fixed, for example by bolting. In the example illustrated, four fixing plates 275 are provided. Each pair is arranged so as to define two opposite housings 277 on either side of the central plate 271.
  • a support device may comprise at least one structure 1 as previously described.
  • FIG. 10 schematically shows an example of a support device 100 comprising a plurality of structures 1. These can be arranged and assembled side by side, to form a support device 100.
  • the structures 1 are for example aligned in rows. Several rows can be placed on top of each other.
  • One or more lateral reinforcement structures 1' can be assembled to structure 1 or a row of structures 1.
  • the assembly of a structure 1 with another similar neighboring support structure 1 or with a lateral reinforcement structure 1' can be done by any appropriate assembly means.
  • the assembly can be done via fasteners provided at the level of the respective frames, alignment parts, support plates fixed to the end plates.
  • the lateral structure 1' may have a generally triangular shape comprising at least one bar 53, 54 which may be similar to the bars of the central cross of the support structure previously described.
  • the lateral structure 1' comprises two bars 53, 54.
  • a first bar 53 can form one side of the triangle and a second bar 54 can form a median connecting the middle or substantially the middle of the first bar 53 to an opposite vertex of the triangle.
  • the second bar 54 has a first end fixed to the first bar 53.
  • a central plate 13' can be provided at the junction between the first bar 53 and the second bar 54.
  • the second bar 54 corresponds for example to one half of the first bar 53.
  • the two bars 53, 54 thus arranged form a half-cross corresponding approximately to one half of the central cross of the support structure previously described.
  • the lateral structure 1' can also include three end plates 11' at the vertices. These end plates 11' may or may not have a shape similar to the end plates of the support structure previously described. One of the end plates 11' is fixed to a second end of the second bar 54. The two other end plates 11' are fixed to the ends of the first bar 53.
  • the lateral structure 1' may also include a frame or a half-frame 7' forming the other two sides of the triangle.
  • This half-frame 7' can be formed of tubes 73, here two tubes 73, fixed to the end plates 11'. These tubes 73 may be similar to the tubes of the frame surrounding the central cross of the support structure previously described.
  • the two tubes 73 extend in concurrent directions.
  • One of the tubes 73 extends in the direction of the height of the lateral structure 1' once installed.
  • the tubes are joined on the one hand to each other via an end plate 11' and on the other hand to the first bar 53 via an end plate 11'.
  • the structures 1 with a cabled reinforcement 15 and/or a frame 7 formed of tubes 71, 72 fixed to the end plates 11, are lighter than in known solutions.
  • the ratio between the weight of structure 1 and the reinforced surface area is largely optimized.
  • Such lightweight structures 1 make it possible to avoid destabilizing the terrain.
  • These structures 1 have a significant load recovery thanks to the reinforcing frame 15 or diamond tip. Prestressing can be applied to structures 1.
  • the arrangement of the branches 211 of the fixing devices 21 along the traction axis T of the reinforcing cables 19 makes it possible to avoid deformations at the level of the bars 51, 52 of the central cross 5, during the distribution of traction forces on the central cross 5.
  • the structures 1 and consequently the support device 100 can be installed easily, without requiring heavy machinery in particular.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
EP23165216.5A 2022-03-30 2023-03-29 Stützkonstruktion und stützvorrichtung dafür Pending EP4253664A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR2202881A FR3134124A1 (fr) 2022-03-30 2022-03-30 Structure de soutènement et dispositif de soutènement correspondant

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EP4253664A1 true EP4253664A1 (de) 2023-10-04

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004111351A1 (de) * 2003-06-18 2004-12-23 Lasar Srl Polyvalentes modul für die erstellung von drahtschotterverhauen
EP1921210A1 (de) * 2006-11-10 2008-05-14 Bentoform S.r.l. Lawinen- und dergleichen Schutzelement
FR2953231A1 (fr) * 2009-11-30 2011-06-03 Geotechnique Et Travaux Speciaux Procede de confortement d’un terrain et ouvrage de confortement
WO2011117790A1 (en) * 2010-03-26 2011-09-29 Lasar S.R.L. Structure for the protection and/or consolidation of slopes
WO2013190052A2 (fr) * 2012-06-21 2013-12-27 Acro Btp Structure de soutenement, dispositif de soutenement associe et dispositif d'amenagement de bord de piste skiable utilisant ceux-ci
FR3026117A1 (fr) * 2014-09-24 2016-03-25 Technologie Alpine De Securite Tas Dispositif de retenue de materiaux et systeme de retenue de materiaux comprenant un tel dispositif de retenue
RU174847U1 (ru) * 2017-02-15 2017-11-07 Тимур Закирьянович Кудакаев Сетчатая панель для защитной противооползневой конструкции

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004111351A1 (de) * 2003-06-18 2004-12-23 Lasar Srl Polyvalentes modul für die erstellung von drahtschotterverhauen
EP1921210A1 (de) * 2006-11-10 2008-05-14 Bentoform S.r.l. Lawinen- und dergleichen Schutzelement
FR2953231A1 (fr) * 2009-11-30 2011-06-03 Geotechnique Et Travaux Speciaux Procede de confortement d’un terrain et ouvrage de confortement
WO2011117790A1 (en) * 2010-03-26 2011-09-29 Lasar S.R.L. Structure for the protection and/or consolidation of slopes
WO2013190052A2 (fr) * 2012-06-21 2013-12-27 Acro Btp Structure de soutenement, dispositif de soutenement associe et dispositif d'amenagement de bord de piste skiable utilisant ceux-ci
FR3026117A1 (fr) * 2014-09-24 2016-03-25 Technologie Alpine De Securite Tas Dispositif de retenue de materiaux et systeme de retenue de materiaux comprenant un tel dispositif de retenue
RU174847U1 (ru) * 2017-02-15 2017-11-07 Тимур Закирьянович Кудакаев Сетчатая панель для защитной противооползневой конструкции

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