EP2862830B1 - Device and method for moving a transport element of a freight or passenger elevator - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a device and a method for moving a transport element of a load or passenger elevator.

Lifts for transporting people or loads are usually operated by electric motors, which are mechanically coupled via cables to a cabin of the elevator. Furthermore, there are elevator systems in which hydraulic cylinders are used, which move over pulleys cables. In such elevator systems, the cab hangs on the corresponding pulleys and pulleys.

Furthermore, fall protection devices must generally be present in such elevator systems. For example, in the event of a rupture of a suspension cable, the cabin must come to a safe stop in a short time. Furthermore, a defined speed must never be exceeded during an upward movement or during a downward movement of the cabin. The security systems are relatively complex to manufacture, costly and must be maintained regularly, resulting in significant costs.

The EP 2 428 482 A1 discloses a lift, but for motor vehicles. This comprises at least a first and second lifting element, each with at least one hydraulic cylinder-piston unit for lifting the vehicle. Further, the document discloses lifting columns in which cylinder-piston units are arranged. However, the document does not disclose whether and in what form a cylinder is guided by lifting columns.

The CN 102491224 A discloses an elevator with a telescopic cylinder. However, this document does not disclose details about a guide of sub-cylinders of the telescopic cylinder.

The US Pat. No. 6,331,322 B1 discloses a piston guide for a telescopic cylinder in a hydraulic elevator comprising a crenellated guide rail having a top surface, two opposing side surfaces disposed perpendicular to the top, and first and second flanged projections extending from the respective one Side surface protrudes. The piston guide also includes a bracket having a bracket and a transverse segment connecting the bracket to the guided piston.
The bracket includes a first set of bearings for sliding on top of the guide rail, a second set of bearings for sliding on the two side surfaces of the guide rail, and a third set of bearings for sliding on a bottom surface of each flanged projection. The carrier is in this case mechanically firmly connected to the guided cylinder.

This raises the technical problem of providing a method and a device for moving a transport element of an elevator, which ensure a reliable and safe up and down movement of a, in particular loaded, transport element, wherein a space requirement and manufacturing costs are minimized.

The solution of the technical problem results from the objects with the features of claims 1 and 11. Further advantageous embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims.

It is a basic idea of the invention to provide an upward and downward movement of sub-cylinders of a telescopic cylinder by a guide device, said guide device or guide elements of the guide device interact directly with lateral surfaces of the sub-cylinder to allow the previously explained guide. Thus, in an advantageous manner, in particular for long stroke lengths, buckling of the individual partial cylinders can be reliably avoided.

Proposed is a device for moving a transport element of a passenger or freight elevator. For the purposes of the invention, the transport element of the elevator describes an element for transporting persons and / or loads. Thus, this term includes e.g. a cabin, a platform or a car. Of course, the proposed device but also for moving all other types of loads used.

The device thus serves to move the transport element in an upward direction, in particular a vertical direction, and counter to the upward direction, ie opposite to the vertical direction. The vertical direction can be oriented perpendicular to a (plane) earth surface. In particular, the vertical direction may be opposite to a direction of a gravitational force, e.g. acts on the transport element, be oriented. The device is used to move the transport element in a loaded state, for. B. when a load on / in / on the transport element is arranged, as well as in an unloaded state.

The device comprises at least one telescopic cylinder. The telescopic cylinder comprises several partial cylinders. The sub-cylinders are hereby slidable in a known manner. In particular, the partial cylinders have different coordinated outer diameter. Upon extension of the telescopic cylinder, the individual sub-cylinders move sequentially out of the next larger sub-cylinder, in which they are arranged in the retracted state. Accordingly, the partial cylinder move when retracting again in this next larger part of the cylinder.

The telescopic cylinder may in this case comprise two or more, in particular ten, partial cylinders. Preferably, a ratio of a maximum achievable stroke length to a length of the telescopic cylinder in the retracted state is greater than or equal to ten. This advantageously allows a good ratio of installation space to the maximum stroke length. The maximum stroke length here denotes a length of the telescopic cylinder in the fully extended state.

Of course, the proposed device may also comprise at least one actuator which causes the extension and / or retraction of the at least one telescopic cylinder directly or indirectly. Preferably, the device may comprise at least one pump by means of which a pressure of a resource in an inner volume of the telescopic cylinder is adjustable. By adjusting the pressure in this case, the previously explained extension of the telescopic cylinder can be effected. A retraction of the telescopic cylinder can also be effected by adjusting the pressure, in particular a negative pressure. Alternatively or cumulatively, however, the retraction can also be effected via a weight force of the transport element and / or a load. This will be explained in more detail below.

Preferably, the pump can generate a pressure up to 16 bar.

Of course, the device may also include a path detection system for determining a position of the free end of the telescopic cylinder or a current stroke length of the telescopic cylinder. Depending on an output signal of the path detection device can then be carried out advantageously a path-dependent control of the actuator, in particular the pressure provided by the pump.

Further, the transport element is mechanically connectable to a free end of the telescopic cylinder. The transport element, e.g. rigid with the free end, e.g. be connected via other mechanical coupling elements.

Furthermore, the device comprises at least one guide device for guiding at least one partial cylinder, wherein by means of the guide device, a movement of the at least one partial cylinder in and against a stroke direction of the telescopic cylinder can be guided. The stroke direction here denotes a direction of Movement during extension of the telescopic cylinder and may preferably correspond to the previously explained vertical direction.

The guide device may have a height that corresponds to at least a predetermined proportion, preferably the complete height or length of the telescopic cylinder in the fully extended state. However, the predetermined proportion may also be in a range of 70% (inclusive) to 100% (exclusive) of the height of the telescopic cylinder in the fully extended condition. In particular, the guide device is one in their dimensions, in particular their height, immutable device. This means that the guide device is not retractable or extendable.

The guide device can in particular also be designed such that a movement of the at least one partial cylinder is prevented in a direction deviating from the stroke direction of the telescopic cylinder. This means that such a deviating movement is not permitted or only to a minimum extent.

The guide device may comprise or form one or, preferably, a plurality of guide elements. According to the invention interacts to guide the movement of the at least one partial cylinder, the guide device or the at least one guide element of the guide device with at least a portion of an outer surface of the at least one, in particular movable, sub-cylinder. The outer surface of the at least one partial cylinder can in particular be a lateral surface of the partial cylinder.

For the purposes of the invention may mean interacting that a force directed in or against the stroke direction is not transmitted or only to a small extent from the sub-cylinder on the outer surface of the sub-cylinder on the guide device or the at least one guide element. Forces whose direction deviate from the stroke direction, however, are transferred from the at least one partial cylinder via the outer surface on or in the guide element. In this case, the guide device or the at least one guide element can provide an opposing force which is opposite in direction and equal in magnitude and which is transmitted to the outer surface of the at least one sub-cylinder. Thus, no or only a minimal movement of the sub-cylinder takes place in one of the stroke direction different direction. This means that the guide device or the guide element guides the movement of the sub-cylinder over its or on its outer (s) surface.

If the at least one partial cylinder is guided by the guide device, i. when the sub-cylinder interacts with the guide device, a distance between the outer surface of the at least one sub-cylinder and the portion of the guide device interacting with this outer surface may be less than a predetermined or equal to a predetermined maximum distance, the maximum distance being 0.5mm or 0.2mm, for example can. The distance may in this case denote a distance along a direction which is oriented orthogonally to the outer surface of the at least one partial cylinder.

The guide device or the at least one guide element may in particular be designed as a bearing element. Further, in particular, the guide device or the at least one guide element allow a sliding bearing of the sub-cylinder. For this purpose, materials of the sub-cylinder and the guide device or the guide element can be selected such that a minimum coefficient of adhesion and / or sliding friction between the outer surface and a surface interacting with the outer surface, which may also be referred to as a guide surface, the guide device or the Guiding element is provided. Thus, an inexpensive and low-maintenance or even maintenance-free guidance is provided in an advantageous manner.

In addition to a slide bearing, of course, other bearings are conceivable, for example, a roller bearing.

For example, the at least one partial cylinder may be formed from aluminum. A guide surface of the guide device or of the at least one guide element may in particular be hard anodized.

Thus, a guide is proposed which engages with respect to the at least one sub-cylinder from the outside, wherein the at least one sub-cylinder represents the guided element in its movement and wherein the guide takes place directly over the outer surface of the sub-cylinder. For guidance, a positive connection between the at least one sub-cylinder and the guide device or the at least one guide element of the guide device are made or be during the movement, wherein the positive connection allows movement of the at least one sub-cylinder in or against the stroke direction, but minimizes or does not allow in deviating directions.

Of course, the device may also comprise a first and a further telescopic cylinder. In this case, the device may comprise a first guide device for guiding at least one sub-cylinder of the first telescopic cylinder and a further guide device for guiding at least one sub-cylinder of the further telescopic cylinder. At free ends of the telescopic cylinder, a connecting element for connecting the free ends may be attached, which extends between the free ends. The transport element can be fastened to the connecting element in this case. This results in an advantageous manner an improved load distribution and storage and an improved and symmetrical force introduction for moving the transport element.

Overall, it results in an advantageous manner that a buckling of the part of the cylinder, in particular during the extension or in the extended state, is prevented by the guide device. At the same time, the movement of the transport element in a desired direction is ensured by the guide device. Thus, on the one hand a desired movement of the telescopic cylinder is ensured. On the other hand, the guide device can also ensure that the corresponding part of the cylinder is held securely in the fully extended state of the sub-cylinder and does not buckle.

The proposed device advantageously allows the use of filigree sub-cylinders. This in turn reduces manufacturing costs and a space requirement of the proposed device in an advantageous manner.

Also, the proposed device allows telescopic cylinders with very large maximum stroke lengths can be used, with a buckling is reliably prevented even at long lengths.

Furthermore, the guide device comprises a carrier profile, wherein the at least one Guide element is attached to the carrier profile or is formed by the carrier profile. The carrier profile may in this case have the previously explained height of the guide device. The carrier profile may in particular be a hollow profile, wherein the at least one guide element is arranged in an inner volume of the hollow profile. Accordingly, the telescopic cylinder also moves in an internal volume of the hollow profile. The carrier profile can in this case be mechanically rigidly connected to a fastening region, in particular a foundation. The carrier profile may also be the guide element. In particular, a plurality of guide elements spaced apart from one another in the stroke direction can be fastened to one another on the carrier profile or formed by the carrier profile.

The guide device is a stationary guide device. This may for example be fixed in a mounting area, e.g. a floor area or a foundation, be anchored.

The guide device can thus be fastened to or in a fastening region. In this case, stationary may in particular mean that a position and an orientation of the guide device in a fastened state in which the guide device is fastened in or on the fastening region does not change relative to the fastening region or a reference section of the fastening region, in particular not during a movement of the fastening element at least one sub-cylinder. If the at least one partial cylinder is moved, then at least the position of the partial cylinder changes relative to the fastening region or the reference segment. Stationary can also mean that the guide device is a stationary or immovable guide device.

This results in an advantageous manner, a stationary arrangement of guide elements in a desired height, in particular a height which allows the guiding of the movement of the corresponding part of the cylinder.

If the guide device has a plurality of guide elements with passage regions which are arranged spaced apart from one another in the stroke direction at predetermined distances, then a diameter or a maximum width and / or a maximum length of the passage regions in the stroke direction can decrease. As well as an outer diameter of the corresponding part cylinder when extending in the stroke direction As a result, the desired guidance results, without a match between guide elements and the corresponding sub-cylinders increases.

Furthermore, the guide device has at least one, preferably a plurality, guide element (s) or forms it (s). The at least one guide element is in this case arranged and / or formed such that the at least one partial cylinder can be moved through an opening, in particular a passage opening, or a passage region of the guide element during extension of the telescopic cylinder, in particular during extension of the partial cylinder. Accordingly, the at least one partial cylinder can also move during retraction of the telescopic cylinder through this opening of the guide element, but in the opposite direction. Of course, this only applies if the at least one partial cylinder is moved during retraction or extension.

Preferably, the guide device has a plurality of guide elements, wherein the guide elements are arranged and / or formed such that each partial cylinder moves through an opening of one of the guide elements during extension of the telescopic cylinder. For example, the guide elements can be arranged spaced apart in the stroke direction with a predetermined distance.

For example, the guide element can have a circular or cylindrical passage opening. In particular, the guide element can have or form a cylindrical or cylindrical passage region, through which a cylindrical partial cylinder can move during extension and / or retraction.

A diameter of the circular passage opening or the cylindrical passage area may be larger by a predetermined amount than an outer diameter of the partial cylinder, which moves through the corresponding passage opening / the corresponding passage area. In this case, therefore, the (inner) surface of the guide element delimiting the cylindrical passage region forms a guide surface which interacts with the outer surface of the sub-cylinder in order to ensure the desired guidance.

The proposed cylindrical passage region of the guide element can be bevelled, in particular on a lower end in the stroke direction. This means, in that a diameter of the cylindrical passage region increases in the direction of the lower end of the guide element in the stroke direction. As a result, the partial cylinder can advantageously be supported and centered when it is moved into the passage area.

Thus, the at least one guide element for the corresponding sub-cylinder can provide an exactly adapted in their dimensions outer guide.

Of course, the at least one sub-cylinder and / or the previously explained guide surface of the guide element may be coated or provided with a sliding friction reducing means.

By the guide element with a passage opening or a passage region can be prevented in all directions perpendicular to the lifting direction directions in an advantageous manner buckling.

Of course, the invention is not limited to circular in cross-section cylinder part. In particular, a shape of the at least one guide element can be adapted to an outer shape of the part cylinder to be guided. Thus, a geometric configuration of the passage region of a guide element can be adapted to the outer shape of the leading part cylinder.

In a preferred embodiment, the guide device comprises at least one guide element for each movable sub-cylinder of the telescopic cylinder, wherein by means of the guide elements in each case a movement of the corresponding sub-cylinder in and opposite to the stroke direction of the telescopic cylinder can be guided.

In a further embodiment, the guide device comprises a plurality of guide elements for each movable sub-cylinder. By means of the plurality of guide elements, in each case a movement of the corresponding sub-cylinder can be guided in and against the stroke direction of the telescopic cylinder.

In a further embodiment, the guide element or the guide elements are formed and / or arranged such that during the extension of the at least one partial cylinder, the entire extended lateral surface the partial cylinder or a predetermined proportion, in particular a proportion of up to 80%, of the extended lateral surface interacts with the guide element or the guide elements. For example, the proportion of the extended lateral surface which interacts during extension with the guide element or the guide elements may increase during extension, in particular from a predetermined minimum proportion, for example a minimum proportion of 0%, 10% or 20%, up to a predetermined maximum proportion, for example a maximum of 80%.

Thus, each movable sub-cylinder is guided in an advantageous manner and stored in the, in particular completely, extended state of the sub-cylinder safely. This reliably prevents buckling of each sub-cylinder. This results in an advantageous manner, a higher stability and thus a higher reliability when moving loads.

In a further embodiment, the at least one guide element has at least one further opening, wherein a connecting element for connecting the free end of the telescopic cylinder and the transport element can be moved through the further opening.

In this case, the further opening can in particular be designed such that the at least one partial cylinder, in particular in the extended state, is not completely enclosed by the guide element. If the at least one guide element is e.g. a cylindrical passage region, a circumferential line of the cylindrical passage region may be part-circular in a cross-sectional plane perpendicular to the stroke direction. Thus, the passage area can be connected via the further opening with an outer area with respect to the guide element, wherein the further opening extends over the entire height of the guide element in the stroke direction.

This advantageously allows a free movement of the connecting element, for example a support beam, which serves to connect the free end of the telescopic cylinder with the transport element.

In a further embodiment, the telescopic cylinder comprises at least one outlet valve for a resource of the telescopic cylinder. The operating means may in particular be a fluid, in particular a hydraulic oil.

The at least one outlet valve is arranged and / or formed and / or controlled so that a desired movement profile is set when retracting the telescopic cylinder. In particular, the at least one outlet valve is arranged and / or configured and / or controlled so that a desired movement profile is ensured when retracting the telescopic cylinder, wherein deviations from the desired motion profile by the arrangement and / or training and / or control not allowed or minimized become.

The motion profile may include a desired path profile, a desired velocity profile, and / or a desired acceleration profile. The speed profile and / or the desired acceleration profile can describe a dependency between the speed and / or the acceleration and a current stroke length of the telescopic cylinder.

In particular, a desired deceleration, that is to say a reduction in the speed, can thus be ensured when retracting the telescopic cylinder and thus during a downward movement of a load. By (partially) opening or (partially) closing the at least one exhaust valve, a quantity of the operating medium can be adjusted, which exits the telescopic cylinder in a predetermined time interval.

The force provided by the telescopic cylinder in the stroke direction (and thus against a downward movement) is dependent on a current inner diameter of the uppermost part cylinder in the vertical direction, a pressure of the operating means and a compressibility of the operating means. Particularly in the case of, for example, an almost incompressible operating medium, for example a hydraulic oil, a pressure reduction of the operating medium can thus be controlled or regulated by the at least one outlet valve. This in turn allows a control or regulation of the retraction of the telescopic cylinder and thus the downward movement. For example, the at least one outlet valve can be arranged and / or formed and / or controlled such that when retracting the telescopic cylinder, a difference between one on the Transport element acting weight, which may also include a weight of the load, and provided by the telescopic cylinder in the lifting direction (counter) force is greater than 0 and less than a predetermined threshold. In particular, the at least one outlet valve can be arranged and / or configured and / or controlled in such a way that the previously explained difference towards the end of the retraction is reduced, preferably reduced to zero. This may mean that the force provided by the telescopic cylinder in the lifting direction increases towards the end of the run-in.

In this case, the desired motion profile during retraction of the telescopic cylinder can be ensured exclusively by the arrangement and / or training and / or control of the at least one exhaust valve. Exclusively in this context means in particular that no operation of the previously explained actuator is required to ensure the movement profile. Thus, therefore, the at least one actuator for adjusting the upward movement when retracting can be deactivated.

This advantageously allows a safe retraction of the telescopic cylinder and thus a safe downward movement of a load, especially when the at least one actuator fails.

The resource may e.g. a hydraulic fluid, in particular an oil or a water-glycol mixture.

In a preferred embodiment, the at least one outlet valve is arranged in a foot region of the telescopic cylinder. In particular, the outlet valve may be arranged in a lateral surface of the lowermost sub-cylinder in the stroke direction.

In a further preferred embodiment, the at least one exhaust valve is arranged in or on a sub-cylinder, that the exhaust valve when retracting the next inner part cylinder in this sub-cylinder from a predetermined insertion length of the next inner part cylinder, in particular an outer surface of the next inner part cylinder is closed. The insertion length may in this case designate a length of a section of the next inner part cylinder in the stroke direction, wherein the section is arranged in the inner volume of the next larger part cylinder.

Thus, upon retraction, an amount of the operating means which can escape from the inner volume of the telescopic cylinder in a predetermined time interval is automatically reduced. This in turn requires an automatic increase of the previously described (counter) force, which is provided by the telescopic cylinder in the stroke direction.

It is also possible to provide a plurality of outlet valves arranged one above the other in the stroke direction on one or more sub-cylinders, which are closed or covered one after the other when the sub-cylinders are retracted. As a result, a desired movement profile, in particular a desired speed profile, can be set in an advantageous manner. Thus, motion parameters of downward movement of the load can be adjusted by arranging and designing the exhaust valves.

This in turn advantageously allows a safe downward movement, in particular independent of a functioning of the actuator.

If the device comprises, as explained above, a first and a further guide device, then in a further embodiment a movement of the at least one sub-cylinder of the further telescopic cylinder can be feasible in and against a stroke direction of the further telescopic cylinder by means of the further guide device, wherein the further guide device or at least one guide element of the further guide device for guiding the movement of the at least one partial cylinder interacts with at least one partial section of an outer surface of the at least one partial cylinder, wherein the further guide device comprises a further carrier profile, wherein the at least one guide element is attached to the further carrier profile or of the further carrier profile is formed, wherein the further guide device is arranged stationary.

Further proposed is a method for moving a transport element of an elevator. A device for moving the transport element is in this case formed according to one of the previously explained embodiments. The transport element is mechanically connected to a free end of the at least one telescopic cylinder. During the movement of the transport element, in particular during retraction and extension of the telescopic cylinder, a movement of at least one partial cylinder is guided in and against a stroke direction of the telescopic cylinder by means of the guide device. Of course, the guide can only be made at a time at which the telescopic cylinder during retraction and extension has a predetermined stroke length, in particular when the stroke length during the extension of the lifting cylinder is greater than a predetermined stroke length.

According to the invention, the guide device or at least one guide element of the guide device interacts to guide the movement of the at least one partial cylinder with at least one partial section of an outer surface, in particular a lateral surface, of the at least one partial cylinder. This has already been explained above.

Furthermore, the guide device comprises a carrier profile, wherein the at least one guide element is attached to the carrier profile or is formed by the carrier profile, wherein the guide device is arranged stationary. In this case, the method can be carried out by means of a device according to one of the previously explained embodiments.

In the method, an actuator for generating a driving force for extension (and possibly also for retraction) are controlled such that a desired lifting movement is performed with a desired speed and / or acceleration profile.

In a further embodiment, a pressure generated by a pump is controlled such that an extension of the telescopic cylinder takes place at a constant speed. In this case, the at least one actuator is designed as a pump. The pump can in this case be supplied with electrical energy from a power supply device, e.g. a battery or a power supply.

Due to the diameter of the sub-cylinders tapered during extension, it may be necessary to vary a pressure in order to achieve a uniform extension and thus stroke speed.

For example, it is possible to regulate the pressure provided by the pump path-dependent. In this case, the path may designate a current position of a reference point, for example a free end, of the telescopic cylinder, or a stroke length during extension or retraction. Here, e.g. a current stroke length of the telescopic cylinder, for example, a current position of the free end in the stroke direction, are detected. Depending on the detected stroke length, it can then be determined how much and which sub-cylinders have already been extended and must be extended in the future. Depending on this information and geometric dimensions of the sub-cylinder pressure can then be controlled.

In summary, the invention has a number of advantages. Thus, it is possible, for example, to manufacture the sub-cylinders of the telescopic cylinder by means of an easily performed, non-cutting, reshaping pipe end machining. Due to the above-explained and enabled by the invention, the fragile design of the cylinder part, such a pipe end machining makes sense and applicable.

A further advantage is that the device for moving the transport element of the load requires no underpass, so no moving or static elements of the device must be located below the bottom part of the cylinder cylinder cylinder. Thus, the device according to the invention can be easily attached to or in a mounting area, for example on / in the ground, with only minimal or no excavation being necessary.

Further, the space requirement for elements of the proposed device necessary for operation, e.g. for a pump, a resource reservoir and valves, low. These can also be arranged on the mounting area, for example, in addition to the carrier profile described above.

By means of the drive by means of a telescopic cylinder, it is further advantageously obtained that the proposed device is less susceptible to environmental influences, e.g. a draw, is.

Further described is an apparatus and a method for moving a transport element of an elevator, wherein the device comprises at least one The telescopic cylinder comprises a plurality of partial cylinders, wherein the transport element is mechanically connectable to a free end of the telescopic cylinder, wherein the device further comprises at least one guide device for guiding at least one sub-cylinder, wherein by means of the guide device, a movement of the at least one sub-cylinder in and opposite a stroke direction of the telescopic cylinder is feasible, wherein the guide device or at least one guide element of the guide device for guiding the movement of the at least one partial cylinder interacts with at least a partial section of an outer surface of the at least one partial cylinder. This device can form an independent invention.

Fig. 1

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Aufzugs,

Fig. 2

eine perspektivische Detailansicht des in Fig. 1 dargestellten Aufzugs,

Fig. 3

eine weitere Detailansicht des in Fig. 1 dargestellten Aufzugs,

Fig. 4

eine perspektivische Ansicht des in Fig. 1 dargestellten Aufzugs im vollständig ausgefahrenen Zustand,

Fig. 5

eine Seitenansicht eines ersten Trägerprofils des in Fig. 4 dargestellten Aufzugs,

Fig. 6a

einen Querschnitt durch ein erstes Führungselement,

Fig. 6b

einen Querschnitt durch ein viertes Führungselement,

Fig. 6c

einen Querschnitt durch ein achtes Führungselement,

Fig. 7a

einen Querschnitt durch ein Führungselement,

Fig. 7b

einen Querschnitt durch ein Führungselement und einen Teleskopzylinder und

Fig. 8

einen Querschnitt durch einen Fußbereichs des Teleskopzylinder.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment. The figures show:

Fig. 1

a perspective view of an elevator,

Fig. 2

a detailed perspective view of in Fig. 1 illustrated elevator,

Fig. 3

another detail view of the in Fig. 1 illustrated elevator,

Fig. 4

a perspective view of the in Fig. 1 illustrated elevator in the fully extended state,

Fig. 5

a side view of a first carrier profile of in Fig. 4 illustrated elevator,

Fig. 6a

a cross section through a first guide element,

Fig. 6b

a cross section through a fourth guide element,

Fig. 6c

a cross section through an eighth guide element,

Fig. 7a

a cross section through a guide element,

Fig. 7b

a cross section through a guide element and a telescopic cylinder and

Fig. 8

a cross section through a foot portion of the telescopic cylinder.

Hereinafter, like reference numerals designate elements having the same or similar technical features.

Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a device 1 according to the invention for moving a car 2 of an elevator. The device 1 comprises a first telescopic cylinder 3 and a further telescopic cylinder, which in Fig. 1 is not visible. The first telescopic cylinder 3 comprises four partial cylinders 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d (see eg Fig. 5 ). In this case, a first and lowermost partial cylinder 4a is a stationarily arranged partial cylinder 4a, while the remaining partial cylinders 4b, 4c, 4d are movable partial cylinders of the telescopic cylinder 3.

A connecting bar 5 is at a free end 6 (see Fig. 7b ) of the telescopic cylinder 3 mechanically fastened. This connecting bar 5 connects the free ends 6 of the two telescopic cylinders 3. On the connecting bar 5, in turn, the car 2 of the elevator is mechanically fastened.

The device 1 further comprises a first guide device 7 and a further guide device 8. By means of the first guide device 7 is a movement of the sub-cylinder 4b, 4c, 4d of the first telescopic cylinder 3 in and against a stroke direction of the telescopic cylinder 3 feasible. The stroke direction here refers to a direction oriented in a vertical direction z, the vertical direction z being oriented orthogonal to a surface 9 of a fastening region, for example a surface of the earth. The vertical direction z may be oriented in particular opposite to a direction of a force acting on the car 2 weight force.

Accordingly, the further guide device 8 is used to guide a movement of the movable part of the cylinder cylinder further cylinder in and against the stroke direction.

The first and the further guide device 7, 8 are of similar design. Therefore, only the first guide device 7 will be explained in more detail below.

The first guide device 7 comprises a carrier profile 10 and nine guide elements 11a, 11b, 11c, 11d, 11e, 11f, 11g, 11h, 11i. The guide elements 11a, ..., 11 i are in this case formed by the carrier profile 10 or are attached thereto.

In Fig. 1 is shown that the carrier profile 10 is a cuboidal hollow profile, which has a slot 12 extending in the lifting direction on one side. Thus, the carrier profile 10 is slotted over the entire height of the carrier profile 10. Through the slot 12 of the attached at the free end 6 of the first telescopic cylinder 3 connecting beam extends 5. Of course, the support section 10 may also have other profile shapes, such as a hollow cylindrical profile shape.

The carrier profile 10 is fastened to the attachment surface 9 or introduced into a foundation arranged in the vertical direction z below the attachment surface 9. The same applies to the carrier profile 10 of the further guide device 8.

By extending the telescopic cylinder 3, the car 2 in the vertical direction z, ie upwards, are moved. During this extension movement, the movable part cylinders 4b, 4d, 4d of the first telescopic cylinder 3 move successively through passage areas 13 (see eg Fig. 2 ) of the individual guide elements 11a, ..., 11i. This will be explained in more detail below.

In the fully extended state of the first telescopic cylinder 3, each movable sub-cylinder 4b, 4c, 4d extends through the above-described passage areas 13 of a plurality of guide elements 11a, ..., 11i. Thus, the guide elements 11 a, ..., 11 i serve both a guidance of the movement of the movable part cylinders 4b, 4c, 4d and a holder in the extended state of the corresponding part cylinder 4b, 4c, 4d.

From a fully extended state of the corresponding sub-cylinder 4b, 4c, 4d, this also moves during a retraction movement of the first telescopic cylinder 3, ie during a movement counter to the stroke direction, through the passage regions 13th the corresponding guide elements 11 a, ..., 11i. In the fully retracted state, the passage areas 13 of the guide elements 11a, ..., 11i are free.

Fig. 2 shows a perspective detail view of a first detail D1 Fig. 1 , Shown is an eighth guide element 11 h, which is arranged in an inner volume of the carrier profile 10 of the first guide device 7. The eighth guide element 11 h has a rectangular outer shape in a cross-sectional plane perpendicular to the stroke direction. Furthermore, the guide element 11 h has a cylindrical passage opening which forms a cylindrical passage region 13 of the guide element 11 h. The passage region 13 is in this case arranged centrally in the guide element 11 h. That is to say that center lines of the guide element 11h and the passage region 13 overlap. The center lines extend in this case in the vertical direction z.

Through the passage region 13, a lower outer surface (underside) of the guide element 11h in the stroke direction is connected to an upper outer surface (upper side) of the guide element 11h in the stroke direction.

It is further shown that the guide element 11h has a further opening 14 which connects the inner volume encompassed by the passage region 13 to an outer volume of the guide element 11h. The further opening 14 may for example be slit-shaped, wherein the slot also extends along the vertical direction z. Thus, the passage area 13 is open in the stroke direction downwards, in the stroke direction upwards and to a direction perpendicular to the stroke direction or accessible from these directions. In this case, the guide element 11 h is arranged in the inner volume of the carrier profile 10 such that the slot 12 of the carrier profile 10 and the further opening 14 of the guide element 11 h are oriented towards the same side or are arranged on the same sides. Thus, the passage area 13 through the slot 12 and the further opening 14 is accessible. The further opening 14 serves to pass through the connecting bar 5 (see Fig. 1 ) in an upward and downward movement of the telescopic cylinder. 3

In Fig. 3 is a perspective detail view of another detail D2 Fig. 1 shown. Shown is a first guide member 11a, which is a lowermost in the stroke direction guide member 11a of the first guide device 7. Here is illustrated that a part of the second part of the cylinder 4b of the telescopic cylinder 3 in the passage area 13 (see, eg Fig. 2 ) of the first guide element 11 a hineinerstreckt. In this case, a diameter of the cylindrical passage region 13 of the first guide element 11a is adapted to an outer diameter of the hollow cylindrical second partial cylinder 4b. That is, the diameter of the passage portion 13 is equal to or smaller than a predetermined (small) amount larger than the outer diameter of the second sub-cylinder 4b. Thus, a movement of the second part of the cylinder 4 b through the passage region 13 of the first guide member 11 a in and against the stroke direction is made possible. However, movements of the second sub-cylinder 4b in directions deviating from the stroke direction are prevented. If the second part cylinder 4b has completely passed through the passage area 13 of the first guide element 11a in the stroke direction, for example in the completely extended state of the second part cylinder 4b or the first telescopic cylinder 3, movements of the second part cylinder 4b in directions which deviate from the stroke direction are likewise prevented , Thus, a buckling of the telescopic cylinder 3 in the region of the second part of the cylinder 4b is effectively prevented. Corresponding embodiments of course apply to all other partial cylinders 4c, 4d and guide elements 11b, ..., 11 i (see Fig. 1 ).

In Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the device 1 according to the invention with fully extended telescopic cylinders 3 is shown. In Fig. 4 It can be seen that in the fully extended state of the telescopic cylinder 3, a first part of the cylinder 4 b through passage areas 13 (see, for example Fig. 2 ) of a first, a second and a third guide member 11 a, 11 b, 11 c extends. Correspondingly, a third subcylinder 4c extends through passage regions 13 of a fourth, a fifth and a sixth guide element 11d, 11e, 11f. Correspondingly, a fourth partial cylinder 4d extends through passage regions 13 of a seventh, an eighth and a ninth guide element 11g, 11h, 11i. Thus, each movable sub-cylinder 4b, 4c, 4d is guided during a movement by three guide elements 11 a, ..., 11 i and held in the fully extended state.

During extension from a fully retracted state of the first telescopic cylinder 3 passes through the second part of cylinder 4b successively passage areas 13 of the first, second and third guide member 11 a, 11 b, 11 c. After that, the second partial cylinder 4b is fully extended. hereafter The third partial cylinder 4c successively passes through the passage regions 13 of the fourth, fifth and sixth guide elements 11d, 11e, 11f. Thereafter, the third part of the cylinder 4c is fully extended. After that, the fourth partial cylinder 4c successively passes through the passage regions of the seventh, eighth and ninth guide elements 11g, 11h, 11i. Thereafter, the fourth part of the cylinder 4c and thus the entire first telescopic cylinder 3 is fully extended.

As already explained above, diameters of the passage regions 13 of the first, second and third guide elements 11a, 11b, 11c are adapted to an outer diameter of the second partial cylinder 4b. Correspondingly, diameters of the passage regions 13 of the fourth, fifth and sixth guide elements 11 d, 11 d, 11 f are adapted to an outer diameter of the third partial cylinder 4 c. Thus, a diameter of the passage portions 13 of the fourth, fifth and sixth guide members 11 d, 11 e, 11 f is smaller than the diameter of the passage portions 13 of the first, second and third guide members 11 a, 11 b, 11 s. Correspondingly, the diameters of the passage regions 13 of the seventh, eighth and ninth guide elements 11g, 11h, 11i are adapted to an outer diameter of the fourth partial cylinder 4d and thus smaller than the diameter of the passage regions 13 of the fourth, fifth and sixth guide elements 11 d, 11 e, 11 f. Thus, it can be seen that the diameters of passage regions 13 of the guide elements 11 a,..., 11 i decrease in the stroke direction, whereby the diameter of passage regions 13 of guide elements 11 a,..., 11 i, which is a movement of a specific part cylinder 4 b, 4c, 4d lead, are the same.

In Fig. 5 a side view of the first guide device 7 is shown. As in Fig. 4 , the telescopic cylinder 3 is shown in a fully extended state. It can be seen a free end 6 of the first telescopic cylinder 3, in which the in Fig. 4 illustrated connecting bar 5 can be attached.

As well as in Fig. 4 It can be seen that each movable part of the cylinder 4b, 4c, 4d of the first telescopic cylinder 3 in the fully extended state through passage areas 13 (see Fig. 2 ) of three guide elements 11 a, ..., 11 i extends. It is further shown that the, guide elements 11a, ..., 11i are arranged in the stroke direction along the carrier profile 10 with predetermined distances from each other.

The distances are the same here. Of course, however, different distances can be selected from each other.

Shown are further three sections BB, CC, DD, with corresponding cross sections in the Fig. 6a, 6b, 6c are shown.

Fig. 6a shows a cross section BB (see Fig. 5 ) by the first guide device 7 in the region of the first guide element 11a. It is shown that the second partial cylinder 4b through a passage region 13 (see Fig. 2 ) of the first guide element 11a. It can be seen here that the passage region 13 of the first guide element has a first diameter D1 which, as explained above, is adapted to an outer diameter of the second part cylinder 4b.

Thus, a partial section of an outer surface, in particular a lateral surface, of the second partial cylinder 4b bears against a guide surface formed by the first guide element 11a. The guide surface of the guide member 11 a is in this case formed by the through-opening 13 comprehensive side wall of the guide member 11 a.

Fig. 7b shows a cross section CC (see Fig. 5 ) by a fourth guide element 11 d. Again, a diameter D2 of the passage area 13 (see FIG Fig. 2 ) of the fourth guide element 11d. It is essential that the diameter D2 of the fourth guide element 11 d is smaller than the diameter D1 of the first guide element 11a (see FIG Fig. 7a ).

In Fig. 7c is a cross section DD (see Fig. 5 ) of an eighth guide element 11h. Again, a diameter D3 of the passage area 13 of the eighth guide element 11h is shown, this diameter D3 being smaller than the diameters D1, D2 of the first and fourth guide elements 11a, 11d (see FIG Fig. 7a and Fig. 7b ). Thus, the guide elements 11 a, ..., 11i adapted to the tapered outer diameter of the sub-cylinder 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d of the telescopic cylinder 3.

Fig. 7a shows a cross section through the in Fig. 2 illustrated eighth guide member 11 h. Here, a beveled end portion 15 of the passage portion 13 of the eighth guide member 11 h is shown. It is shown that a diameter of the passage region 13 increases in a stroke direction lower portion of the eighth guide member 11 h in a direction opposite to the stroke direction. This lower portion may extend for example over a quarter, an eighth or a tenth of the height of the through hole 13. The beveled end portion 15 allows for improved insertion of a telescopic cylinder 3 when moving in the stroke direction. In particular, tilting of a retracting partial cylinder 4d with an underside of the guide element 11h is avoided.

In Fig. 7b is a cross section through, for example, the first guide member 11a shown, wherein a second part of cylinder 4b of the telescopic cylinder 3 is arranged in a passage region 13 of the guide member 11a. It can be seen that a lateral surface of the second partial cylinder 4b abuts the side walls formed by the guide element 11a, which delimit the passage region 13.

In Fig. 8 is a cross section through a foot portion of the first telescopic cylinder 3 is shown. Shown is an inlet opening 16, wherein in the inlet opening 16, a non-illustrated check valve may be arranged or the inlet opening 16 may comprise such a check valve. A supply line, for example a hydraulic oil, can thus be conveyed by an actuator, for example a hydraulic pump, into an internal volume of the telescopic cylinder 3 via a supply line 17.
The check valve ensures that no resources can escape from the internal volume through the supply line 17.

Also shown is a return line 18, which may for example lead to a hydraulic tank, not shown. The return line 18 is fluidly connected to the inner volume of the telescopic cylinder 3 via a plurality of outlet openings 19a, 19b, 19c, 19d, 19e, 19f. In this case, the outlet openings 19a, 19b, 19f are arranged at a predetermined distance from one another in the stroke direction. A first, a second, a third, a fourth and a fifth outlet opening 19a,..., 19e in this case connect an internal volume of the first partial cylinder 4a to the return line 18. A sixth outlet opening 19f connects an internal volume of the second partial cylinder 4b to the return line 18 In the outlet openings 19a, ..., 19f can check valves may be arranged or the outlet openings 19a, ..., 19f may include check valves, which prevent the flow of the operating medium from the return line 18 in the inner volume of the telescopic cylinder 3. When retracting the telescopic cylinder 3, the sixth outlet opening 19f is first closed by the lateral surface of the third partial cylinder 4c. Subsequently, during retraction, first the fifth outlet opening 19e, the fourth outlet opening 19d, the third outlet opening 19c, the second outlet opening 19b and finally the first outlet opening 19a are each closed by the jacket surface of the second partial cylinder 4b. Thus, therefore, the total opening available to the outlet of the resource is sequentially reduced during retraction. As a result, the speed of a pressure reduction in the telescopic cylinder 3 and thus also the retraction speed is reduced. If the lateral surface of the second partial cylinder 4b hides the first outlet opening 19a, then no operating means can be removed through the return line 18. In this case, no reduction of the pressure generated by the telescopic cylinder 3, which is directed against the retraction movement, is more possible. Thus, the speed of the downward movement is reduced to zero.

Of course, it is conceivable to provide further valves both in the inlet opening 16 and in the outlet openings 19a, ..., 19f, which can change a quantity of the inflowing or outflowing equipment.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

contraption

2

cabin

3

first telescopic cylinder

4a, 4b, 4c, 4d

partial cylinder

5

connecting beams

6

free end

7

first guide device

8th

second guide device

9

mounting surface

10

carrier profile

11a, ..., 11i

guide elements

12

slot

13

Passage area

14

further opening

15

bevelled end area

16

inlet port

17

supply

18

return

19a, ..., 19f

outlet

D1

first diameter

D2

second diameter

D3

third diameter

Claims (13)

1. Device for moving a transport element of an elevator, wherein the device (1) comprises at least one telescopic cylinder (3), wherein the telescopic cylinder (3) comprises a plurality of part cylinders (4a, 4b, 4c, 4d), wherein the transport element can be mechanically connected to a free end (6) of the telescopic cylinder (3), wherein the device (1) further comprises at least one guide device (7, 8) for guiding at least one part cylinder (4a, 4b, 4c, 4d), wherein, by means of the guide device (7, 8) a movement of the at least one part cylinder (4a, 4b, 4c, 4d) in and against a stroke direction of the telescopic cylinder (3) can be guided,
   wherein the guide device (7, 8) comprises a carrier profile (10), wherein at least one guide element (11 a, ..., 11i) is secured to the carrier profile (10) or is formed by the carrier profile (10), wherein the guide device (7, 8) is arranged as fixed in location,
   characterised in that,
   the guide device (7, 8) or the at least one guide element (11 a, ..., 11i) of the guide device (7, 8), in order to guide the movement of the at least one part cylinder (4a, 4b, 4c, 4d), interacts with at least one part section of an outer surface of the at least one part cylinder (4a, 4b, 4c, 4d), wherein the guide device (7, 8) comprises or forms the at least one guide element (11a ..., 11 i), wherein the guide element (11 a, ..., 11i) is arranged and/or formed in such a way that the at least one part cylinder (4a, 4b, 4c, 4d), at the extension of the telescopic cylinder (3), can be moved through an opening or a passage region (13) of the guide element (11 a, ..., 11 i).
2. Device according to claim 1, characterised in that the guide element (11 a, ..., 11i) comprises a cylindrical passage region (13), wherein the cylindrical passage region (13) of the guide element (11, ..., 11i) is obliquely formed.
3. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the guide device (7, 8) comprises at least one guide element (11 a, ..., 11i) for each moving part cylinder (4b, 4c, 4d) of the telescopic cylinder (3), wherein, by means of the guide elements (11 a, ..., 11 i), in each case a movement of the corresponding part cylinder (4b, 4c, 4d) in and against the stroke direction of the telescopic cylinder (3) can be guided.
4. Device according to claim 3, characterised in that the guide device (7, 8) for each moving part cylinder (4b, 4c, 4d) comprises a plurality of guide elements (11a, ..., 11 i), wherein, by means of the plurality of guide elements (11 a, ..., 11 i), in each case a movement of the corresponding part cylinder (4b, 4c, 4d) in and against the stroke direction of the telescopic cylinder (3) can be guided.
5. Device according to any one of claims 3 or 4, characterised in that the guide element (11 a, ..., 11i) or the guide elements (11 a, ..., 11i) are formed and/or arranged in such a way that, during the extension of the at least one part cylinder (4b, 4c, 4d), the entire extended casing surface of the part cylinder (4b, 4c, 4d) or a predetermined portion of the extended casing surface interacts with the guide element (11 a, ..., 11i) or with the guide elements (11a, ..., 11i).
6. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the at least one guide element (11 a, ..., 11i) comprises at least one further opening (14), wherein a connecting element for connecting the free end (6) of the telescopic cylinder (3) and the transport element can be moved through the further opening (14).
7. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the telescopic cylinder (3) comprises at least one outlet valve (19a, ..., 19f) for an operating means of the telescopic cylinder (3), wherein the at least one outlet valve (19a, ..., 19f) is arranged and/or formed and/or controlled in such a way that a desired movement profile is set when the telescopic cylinder (3) retracts.
8. Device according to claim 7, characterised in that the at least one outlet valve (19a, ..., 19f) is arranged in a foot region of the telescopic cylinder (3).
9. Device according to claim 7 or 8, characterised in that the at least one outlet valve (19a, ..., 19f) is arranged in such a way in or at a part cylinder (4a, 4b) that, when the next-innermost part cylinder (4b, 4c) travels into the part cylinder (4a, 4b), it is closed as from a predetermined inward travel length of the next-innermost part cylinder (4b, 4c).
10. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the device (1) comprises a further telescopic cylinder, wherein the device (1) comprises a further guide device (8) for guiding at least one part cylinder of the further telescopic cylinder, wherein, secured at free ends of the first telescopic cylinder (3) and of the further telescopic cylinder, is a connection element for connecting the free ends of the telescopic cylinders, wherein the transport element can be secured to the connecting element, wherein, by means of the further guide device (8), a movement can be carried out of the at least one part cylinder of the further telescopic cylinder in and against a stroke direction of the further telescopic cylinder, wherein the further guide device (8) or at least one guide element of the further guide device (8) for guiding the movement of the at least one part cylinder interacts with at least one part section of an outer surface of the at least one part cylinder, wherein the further guide device (8) comprises a further carrier profile, wherein the at least one guide element is secured to the further carrier profile or is formed by the further carrier profile, wherein the further guide device (8) is arranged as fixed in location.
11. Method for moving a transport element of an elevator, wherein a device (1) for moving the transport element comprises at least one telescopic cylinder (3), wherein the telescopic cylinder (3) comprises a plurality of part cylinders (4a, 4b, 4c, 4d), wherein the transport element is mechanically connected to a free end (6) of the telescopic cylinder (3), wherein the device (1) further comprises at least one guide device (7, 8) for guiding at least one part cylinder (4a, 4b, 4c, 4d), wherein, by means of the guide device (7, 8) a movement of the at least one part cylinder (4a, 4b, 4c, 4d) in and against a stroke direction of the telescopic cylinder (3) can be guided,
    wherein the guide device (7, 8) comprises a carrier profile (10), wherein at least one guide element (11 a, ..., 11i) is secured to the carrier profile (10) or is formed by the carrier profile (10), wherein the guide device (7, 8) is arranged as fixed in location,
    characterised in that,
    the guide device (7, 8) or the at least one guide element (11 a, ..., 11i) of the guide device (7, 8), in order to guide the movement of the at least one part cylinder (4a, 4b, 4c, 4d), interacts with at least one part section of an outer surface of the at least one part cylinder (4a, 4b, 4c, 4d), wherein the guide device (7, 8) comprises or forms the at least one guide element (11a ..., 11 i), wherein the guide element (11 a, ..., 11i) is arranged and/or formed in such a way that the at least one part cylinder (4a, 4b, 4c, 4d), at the extension of the telescopic cylinder (3), can be moved through an opening or a passage region (13) of the guide element (11 a, ..., 11 i).
12. Method according to claim 11, characterised in that pressure produced by a pump is regulated in such a way that an outwards travel movement of the telescopic cylinder (3) takes place at constant speed.
13. Method according to claim 12, characterised in that the pressure provided by the pump is regulated in a path-dependent manner.

Images