DE202018106626U1 - Floor elevator - Google Patents

Abstract

Floor elevator with
- A height-adjustable platform (71) with attached guide shoes (72),
at least two guide columns (73) along which the platform (71) is guided by means of the guide shoes (72),
a lifting device (74), which is operatively connected to the platform for moving the platform in height,
- A controller (70 *) that controls all movable elements of the elevator
characterized in that
the guide columns (73) are elastic in at least one transverse direction to their main direction of extension (73 ').
(Rectangular)

Description

field of use

The invention relates to an elevator that should be able to stop on several floors in a precise height alignment to the floors of the floors. The multi-level elevator is primarily used as a cargo elevator and therefore, instead of an elevator car enclosed on all sides, it preferably has only one elevator platform on which the load to be transported is located and which, as a rule, neither the walls surrounding the platform nor a roof owns.

Technical background

Lifts that stop precisely at predefined floor heights and can be used as freight lifts are generally known.

Such a known elevator consists of an inherently stable, non-deformable base frame, which comprises several, usually four, viewed from the top, arranged in quadrilateral to each other, which are not bendable in their transverse directions in normal operation of the elevator and via cross struts to a stable one Base frames are connected.

This base frame is used in the elevator shaft of a surrounding building or structure or first assembled there and then connected to the surrounding structure at several points, with appropriate spacers being used to connect the inherently stable and straight support columns to the structure.

As a rule, an elevator shaft is formed in a building for this purpose, which has vertical walls to which the base frame of the elevator can be attached.

If there is no such elevator shaft, but only elevator passages one above the other in the individual storey floors, the base frame is fixed relative to the edges of these elevator passages.

• - beispielsweise die Schachtwände nicht auf jeder Höhe den gleichen Querschnitt begrenzen,
• - insbesondere der Abstand der Schachtwände zueinander sich von oben nach unten ändern kann,
• - der Aufzugsschacht bzw. eine oder mehrere seiner Wände nicht exakt vertikal verläuft oder
• - bei den einzelnen Aufzug-Durchlässen diese nicht exakt fluchtend übereinander angeordnet sind und / oder nicht exakt gleich groß sind und in der Drehlage gleich ausgerichtet sind.

In both cases there is the problem that on the part of the building, the dimensional accuracy of the elevator shaft or the elevator openings arranged one above the other usually leaves something to be desired, that is

• - for example, the shaft walls do not limit the same cross-section at every height,
• - in particular the distance between the shaft walls can change from top to bottom,
• - The elevator shaft or one or more of its walls is not exactly vertical or
• - In the case of the individual elevator passages, these are not exactly aligned one above the other and / or are not exactly the same size and are aligned identically in the rotational position.

For this reason, the base frame must be inherently stable so that the support columns run at the same distance from each other and exactly perpendicular over the entire height, which is why different distances have to be compensated for using the appropriate spacers when fastening to the surrounding structure.

Such an inherently stable and non-deformable design of the base frame requires large and stably dimensioned support columns and thus on the one hand high material costs and, due to the high weight, also high assembly costs.

The vertical guides are then mounted on or within the base frame, in particular on the support columns, along which the height-adjustable platform of the elevator is guided exactly vertically and without tilting by means of guide shoes which are attached to the platform and match the vertical guides.

Furthermore, the lifting device is attached to the base frame, which is operatively connected to the platform for its vertical movement.

A control system that controls all movable elements of the multi-level elevator is usually also attached to this base frame or mounted on the side of the building.

The exact guidance of the platform of the elevator along vertical guides serves above all to ensure that the platform on the individual floors maintains a distance from the opposite edge of the floor that is below a predetermined limit value.

If such an elevator is only operated as a freight elevator and also unmanned, for example in an unmanned area warehouse with several floors, it is not only possible to do without a complete elevator cabin with walls and roof, but also an elevator door.

It is the inherently stable base frame and the existing safety regulations - especially if it is a passenger elevator or a freight elevator that is not operated unmanned - that drive up the costs for such a floor elevator.

Presentation of the invention

Technical task

It is therefore the object according to the invention to manufacture and operate a freight elevator which can move to several floors exactly and which can be operated unmanned in or on a building, for example a storage rack of a surface storage facility, as cost-effectively as possible.

In this building, the length and width of the elevator shaft window are of the same size on each floor, but their position is not necessarily exactly one above the other, and on top of that, the levels of the elevator shaft window are not always exactly parallel to one another. The misalignment of the floors can be of the order of magnitude or greater than the gap dimension that can be overcome by the storage vehicles.

Solution of the task

This object is solved by the features of claims 1 and 14. Advantageous embodiments result from the subclaims.

With regard to the multi-level elevator, this problem is solved by using the stability of the structure holding the elevator, instead of making the elevator itself intrinsically stable with regard to its base frame.

For this purpose, the elevator has at least one, preferably at least two guides, the so-called guide columns, which can be elastically deformed to a limited extent in at least one transverse direction to their main direction of extension, that is to say in at least one direction which is horizontal in the assembled state.

As a result, each guide column can be fixed at several points one above the other on fastening surfaces of the surrounding building, even if these fastening surfaces, viewed in the side view, do not run exactly in line with one another in a straight line and / or not in a vertical line.

It is therefore a question of the elasticity of the guide column in the horizontal direction transverse to the line defined by the attachment surfaces for a guide column, viewed in the side view - straight or curved - the attachment line, which, viewed in three dimensions, is of course an attachment surface.

• - und / oder höchstens 100 mm, besser höchstens 50 mm, besser höchstens 40 mm besser höchstens 30 mm besser höchstens 20 mm besser höchstens 10 mm erfährt,
• - insbesondere ohne dabei plastisch verformt zu werden oder gar zu knicken.

Resiliently deformable means that these guide columns have a deflection of 1.50 m in length with a horizontally lying guide column placed at both ends with a perpendicular force of 10 kilo-Newtons, i.e. about 1000 kg
at least 0.1 mm, better at least 0.5 mm, better at least 1.0 mm

• - and / or at most 100 mm, better at most 50 mm, better at most 40 mm better at most 30 mm better at most 20 mm better at most 10 mm,
• - in particular without being plastically deformed or even buckling.

If the guide columns have other static tasks within the elevator construction, in addition to guiding the storage platform, for example by fastening components of the drive, in particular the drive motor, to this guide columns, these additional static tasks can result in additional conditions with regard to the flexibility of the guide columns result, which should preferably not, however, lie outside the flexibility indicated above.

Via these guide columns, which can be deformed to a limited extent in the transverse direction, the floor elevator does not comprise any further upright, in particular not flexible, support pillars, but these guide pillars with their attachment to the surrounding structure form the base frame of the floor elevator, possibly supplemented by spacer struts, in particular at the level of the individual floors to maintain a predetermined target distance of the guide columns in the horizontal direction, which correlates with the dimensions of the elevator platform which is guided on the guide columns.

This measure makes the multi-level elevator less expensive, but above all it can be installed in a building whose elevator passages in the individual multi-level floors are not arranged exactly vertically one above the other, e.g. define a curved channel when viewed from the side, or in When viewed in polygonal form, the elevation of the elevator passages does not all have the same rotational position.

In the case of a conventional design of the multi-level elevator with intrinsically stable, non-bendable support columns, these would have to extend through the remaining free passage considered in the view, through all the stacked passage openings, which would reduce the usable elevator footprint and thus the size of the platform and the gap width measured in the direction of travel increased between the edge of the deck driving surface and the opposite edge of the platform.

As a rule, the platform is polygonal when viewed from above and the number of guide columns corresponds to the corners of the polygon, the platform being generally rectangular and four elevator columns being present.

At least two spaced-apart guide columns are useful in order to precisely guide the platform position on them without causing the construction costs to increase too much, which would be the case, for example, with only one guide column.

Provided that the floor distances between many floors of the surrounding building are the same, i.e. the distance from floor floor to floor floor, two platforms can be arranged at the same distance above each other, which are firmly connected at this distance and only together by means of the lifting device in the height can be used, because then - depending on the frequency of the transport processes - there is always an elevator available on two floors one above the other, which offers efficiency advantages in particular with an automatic storage system.

The lifting device for the platform can be designed differently:

For example, the platform - as is usually the case with passenger lifts - can be attached to the free end of one or more traction cables, which extend upwards from the platform and are attached with their other end to the circumference of a winding roll and wound up and unwound on this become what has to happen synchronously with several existing traction ropes - each of which can attack at a corner of the platform, for example.

A plurality of endless traction elements, such as toothed belts, each rotating in a vertical plane of rotation, are preferably used as the lifting device. The revolving plane is understood to mean the plane that lies perpendicular to the axes of the deflection pinion, over which such an endless tension element, in particular a toothed belt, rotates.

On the one hand, this avoids the mechanical wear that unavoidably occurs when a tension element is wound on a winding roll, and on the other hand, a toothed belt does not require any lubrication.

According to the invention, the platform of the elevator is fastened at 3 or more locations horizontally spaced apart from one another on support cables or better timing belts.

In the case of a polygonal platform, in this solution too, each corner of the platform is preferably assigned to such an endlessly rotating traction element which is attached to the platform with a strand.

In the case of four endless traction elements, preferably two each run next to one another in the same plane of circulation and the platform is arranged between these two pairs of endless traction elements.

If, for example, a rectangular platform is to be navigable in its two edge directions, and thus all four edges of the platform must be located with a predetermined small gap width to the adjacent edges of the floor driving surface when stopping on one floor, a pulling element is provided in each corner recess of the platform, which however results in further design restrictions with regard to the elevator. For It goes without saying that all existing endless traction elements must be able to be driven synchronously in order to always keep the platform horizontal.

The storey elevator is therefore preferably designed for only one passage direction of the load, for example in the longitudinal direction, that is to say the direction with the greatest extension of the platform when viewed from above.

The direction of passage does not necessarily mean that the platform is approached at one end and lowered from the platform at the other end, but - especially if the multi-level elevator is attached to the outside of a building - the direction of entry into the elevator is opposite Extending direction, which is nevertheless referred to as a direction of travel within the scope of the present invention.

The advantage of only one direction of travel is that a maximum of the two opposite edges of the platform - only one edge of the platform when attached to a building on the side - must adhere to the specified maximum gap width to the opposite edge of the floor when stopping at the level of a floor , on the other hand, a much larger distance of several centimeters, even up to 20 cm or even more, from the surrounding storey floors can remain in the transverse direction to the drive-through direction, in which not only the two endless traction elements arranged on this side of the platform can be placed, but also other constructive elements:

One of the two strands of each endless traction element, the so-called platform strand, is connected to the platform. The other dreams, the stabilization dreams - preferably of the endless train elements adjacent to one another in the direction of travel - are preferably by a horizontally extending stabilizing strut connected to each other, which can be formed at the same time by appropriate weight as a counterweight to the platform, the weight of which is equal to or even greater than the proportion of the platform weight corresponding to each pair of tension elements.

At least the platform is guided in a form-fitting manner with respect to one of the guide columns - by means of glet elements or rolling elements - and preferably also each of the ends of the stabilizing strut between the stabilizing strands.

The fastening element of the platform is preferably designed as a guide shoe opposite the platform run. The guide shoe of the platform rests on the guide column on the mutually facing sides of the guide columns running transversely to the direction of travel and / or on the side of the guide column facing the platform in the direction of travel or on the flanks of grooves running in the same direction in the opposite sides of the guide columns are arranged in the drive-through direction.

In the case of elevators with several, preferably opposite, exits, this preferred solution also allows small differences in height in the edges of the floor driving surfaces opposite one another with respect to the elevator shaft window, in that the traction elements, in particular toothed belts, are adjusted accordingly, in particular the point of attachment of the platform to the traction element is corrected in the sense of minimizing these height differences.

Preferably, the stabilizing strut also has a guide extension at each end, which protrudes beyond the stabilizing run, to which this end of the stabilizing strut is attached, to the adjacent guide column and is guided there, in particular on the mutually facing sides which run transversely to the direction of travel of the guide columns on and / or on the side of the guide column which runs in the direction of travel, facing away from the platform, or the flanks of grooves which run in the same direction and are arranged in the sides of the guide columns which are opposite one another in the direction of travel.

Likewise, the stabilizing strut runs on the side of the two endless traction elements facing away from the platform, which connects them to one another so that the stabilizing strut, in particular the counterweight, can move past the platform during operation.

The circumferential tension elements preferably lie - as viewed from above - outside the inner free space defined by the four guide columns, in particular their inner corners, preferably at least partially in the thickness range of the guide columns.

The guide shoe and / or the guide extension can be designed to be adjustable in length in one or both horizontal directions, and in particular can be pretensioned in the position extended in the direction of the guide column in order to always ensure that it rests on the guide column. In the case of two adjacent guide shoes or guide extensions, only one of the two can preferably be changed in length in the direction of the distance.

The platform can be attached to two endless traction elements rotating in the same circulation level in two different ways:

In one possibility, the platform is attached to the two mutually facing strands or the two strands facing away from one another of the endless traction elements rotating in the common plane of rotation.

This has the advantage that the guide shoe and the guide extension can be designed identically on all peripheral traction elements.

The disadvantage, however, is that the two traction elements rotating in a common revolving plane have to be driven in synchronism, which requires an increased effort for the transmission between the only existing drive motor and the usually four separate rotating traction elements.

The other possibility is to drive the two traction elements rotating in a common revolving plane synchronously and to fasten the platform to the two synchronously moving strands of the two traction elements.

The advantage of this solution is that all four tension elements can then be driven with a synchronous direction of rotation, which simplifies the transmission.

The drive would be even more complex with multiple motors and their electronic synchronization.

The disadvantage is that two different types of guide shoes on the one hand and guide extensions on the other are required. However, since this only affects the cantilever lengths of these parts in a horizontal direction, this is the lower effort and thus the preferred solution.

With regard to the elevator system, which, in addition to the floor elevator described, also includes the building with several floors that are to be connected to one another by the floor elevator, this building has at least two fastening surfaces on each floor for fastening at least one guide column each, preferably as many fastening surfaces on one floor as the floor elevator has guide columns, and preferably on each floor.

When the platform is at the level of a floor, the edge of the platform should not exceed a predetermined maximum gap width in the direction of passage - of which there is preferably only one - to the adjacent one of the floors, while the floors are transverse to the direction of passage -The floors are at a safe distance from the edge of the platform.

This is particularly the case if the multi-level elevator is attached to the side of a building and is only attached directly to the structure, in particular the floor of the building, with two guide columns, while the other standard columns are attached to these directly attached guide columns using appropriate spacers , which are arranged in particular at the level of the building, are kept at a defined distance for this purpose.

If, on the other hand, the storey elevator runs within the building and is surrounded on all sides in particular, the distance between the guide columns, which depends on the size of the platform, in particular at the level of the individual storeys, can also be achieved by measures other than appropriate distance struts, for example by attaching the guide pillars to the attachment surfaces of the building using appropriate spacers.

If the structure consists of a support frame with vertical support columns and horizontal support struts in between, on which the storey floors are only placed, the fastening surfaces are preferably located on the horizontal support struts surrounding the elevator and not on the vertical support columns of the structure of the structure.

The gap must be so narrow that the most used self-driving vehicles can easily drive over it and depends on, among other things. the diameter of their wheels. The maximum gap width is usually at most 1 cm, better at most 0.5 cm, better at most 0.3 cm.

The safety distance transversely to the direction of travel of the floors to the edge of the platform transversely to the direction of travel is at least 5 cm, at least 8 cm, better at least 10 cm.

Furthermore, sensors and possibly corresponding counter-elements can be present on the building on each floor and / or on the platform in order to check that the platform stops roughly at floor level. in particular a maximum of +/- 50 mm deviating, better a maximum of +/- 30 mm deviating, better a maximum of +/- 20 mm deviating from the height of the respective floor, in particular with a maximum of such a deviation that there is still no crash of a tractor or team in the Elevator shaft is possible by allowing a tractor or team to enter the elevator shaft under the platform, which has remained significantly too high above the floor.

In this case, the sensor issues a warning to the controller that there is a gross malfunction.

In contrast, an elaborate close-range sensor system, which checks the exact alignments of the stopped platform to the adjacent floor driving surface, in particular if the platform protrudes slightly in the direction of travel through the attachment points on the toothed belt - preferably under 20 cm, better under 15 cm, better less than 10 cm - should preferably be dispensed with if - the motor is equipped with a relative value transmitter and a reference sensor is provided somewhere in the driving range of the platform. If the 4 synchronized timing belts that are preferably used are elongated due to load, aging or other interferences, for example, the floors are measured using the reference sensor once relative to a calibration sensor and from there the measured values are approached directly as stopping points on the platform, for which only one relative simple control is needed.

With regard to the method for mounting such an elevator on or in a surrounding building, this object is achieved in that when the upright guide columns are fixed on the fastening surfaces provided for this purpose 81 on the structure 60 of the surrounding building 50 not on the exactly straight and vertical course of the guide columns 73 must be observed, but only to maintain a predetermined column spacing, especially the column spacing SA1 in the direction of travel 100 of the elevator, which must be observed, but this is done in a simple manner by means of appropriate distance struts 82 and / or the thickness of the spacers used in the attachment 83 can be reached.

Then the lifting device 74 on the pillars 73 be attached and the platform 71 between the pillars 73 introduced and on the tension elements 77.a - 77.4 or 76.1 - 76.4 the lifting device 73 are attached and the naturally existing electronic control system and any sensors used are connected.

• Verfahren zum Montieren des Etagen-Aufzuges an oder in dem umgebenden Bauwerk 50, insbesondere zu einer Aufzug-Anlage wobei
  • - die Plattform 71 mit den Führungsschuhen 72 zwischen die Führungssäulen 73 gesetzt wird und
  • - mit der Hubvorrichtung verbunden wird.
  dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
  • - vorher die Führungssäulen 73 an den Befestigungsflächen 82 der einzelnen Etagen 50a, b des Bauwerks 50 fixiert werden,
  • - dabei in Durchfahrtrichtung 100 der vorgegebene Säulen-Abstand SA zwischen zwei in Durchfahrtrichtung 100 benachbarten Führungssäulen 73 eingestellt wird, indem insbesondere
    • - entweder die Führungssäulen 73 in Durchfahrtrichtung 100 gebogen werden
    • - oder passende Distanzteile 83 zwischen Führungssäule 73 und Befestigungsfläche 81 eingelegt werden
    • - oder auf Höhe der Etagen 50a, b in Durchlaufrichtung 100 verlaufende Distanzstreben 82 mit einer Länge entsprechend dem Säulen-Abstand SA zwischen zwei benachbarten Führungssäulen 73 befestigt werden.

The following procedure is recommended to install such an elevator in a building or to add it to a building:

• Method for mounting the multi-level elevator on or in the surrounding structure 50 , in particular to an elevator system
  • - the platform 71 with the guide shoes 72 between the pillars 73 is set and
  • - is connected to the lifting device.
  characterized in that
  • - the guide columns beforehand 73 on the mounting surfaces 82 of the individual floors 50a , b of the building 50 be fixed
  • - in the drive-through direction 100 the specified column distance SA between two in the direction of travel 100 neighboring pillars 73 is set by in particular
    • - either the pillars 73 in the direction of travel 100 be bent
    • - or suitable spacers 83 between guide pillar 73 and mounting surface 81 be inserted
    • - or at the level of the floors 50a , b in the direction of flow 100 extending distance struts 82 with a length corresponding to the column spacing SA between two adjacent guide columns 73 be attached.

Figure list

• 1a, b: zwei verschiedene Bauformen des Aufzugs in der Seitenansicht,
• 2a, b: die beiden Bauformen der 1a, b in der Aufsicht von oben,
• 3a: die Bauform der 1b, 2b in der Seitenansicht, eingebaut in einem mehrstöckigen Lagerregal,
• 3b: eine dritte Bauform des Aufzuges in der Seitenansicht eingebaut in einem mehrstöckigen Lagerregal,
• 4: das Lagerregal mit Aufzug gemäß der 3a in der Aufsicht von oben.

Embodiments according to the invention are described in more detail below by way of example. Show it:

• 1a, b : two different designs of the elevator in side view,
• 2a, b : the two types of 1a, b from above,
• 3a : the design of the 1b , 2 B in the side view, installed in a multi-storey storage rack,
• 3b : a third design of the elevator in the side view installed in a multi-storey storage rack,
• 4th : the storage rack with elevator according to the 3a viewed from above.

The designs according to 1a, b on the one hand and 2a, b on the other hand have the same basic structure as follows:

Viewed from the top, the elevator includes 70 four guide columns arranged in a rectangle 73 , here each formed as a hollow rectangular profile, wherein viewed from the top preferably two outer surfaces of two adjacent rectangular profiles are aligned with each other.

The height-controlled movable platform 71 , on which the load to be transported is in operation - and which, in contrast to the elevator car of a conventional elevator, preferably has neither walls nor a roof - extends in the area between the four guide columns 73 in such a way that it extends over the interior space between the four guide columns, as seen from above 73 - due to their clear column spacing SA1 and SA2 in the two horizontal directions - in one direction, the drive-through direction 100 , over the corresponding column spacing SA1 is also extended and has at least a length that is the distance between those in this drive-through direction 100 outer surfaces of the adjacent guide columns facing away from one another 73 corresponds.

This is so that in operation the one level 50a persistent platform 71 with theirs transverse to the direction of travel 100 running end edges with only a very small gap 85 to the opposite edge of the floor driving surface 50 "a lies, this edge on the transverse in the transverse direction 101 neighboring pillars 73 leads along the outside.

Would be the elevator 70 only on the outside of a building 50 arranged, it would only be on one side of the platform 71 in the direction of travel 100 a floor driving surface 50 "a give and only there a small gap 85 , and the direction of travel 100 would be an entry and an opposite exit direction in practice.

The generally horizontal platform 71 is moved in height by being fastened to each strand of this endless tension element near each of its corner areas, each with an endlessly rotating tension element, here a toothed belt, each toothed belt via an upper toothed roller 91a and one under sprocket 91b revolves, one of which, here for reasons of accessibility, the upper one Sprocket 91a , controlled driven, as described later.

As in the supervision of 2a, b To recognize, the timing belts are arranged so that two adjacent timing belts 77.1 and 77.2 in a common circulation level 77 " revolve around, so the axes of the sprockets 91a , 91b of these two timing belts 77.1 , 77.2 each perpendicular to this common circulation level 77 " lie. The circulation levels 77 " of these two regarding the platform 71 opposite pairs of timing belts 77.1 , 77.2 respectively. 77.3 , 77.4 run in the drive-through direction 100 , i.e. the direction in which the platform is 71 over one of the two column distances SA1 , SA2 extends beyond.

This has the advantage that the two dreams 77a , 77b to each of the timing belts 77.1 - 77.4 from the in the direction of flow 100 trending outer edge of the rectangular platform 71 take the same distance, which is in an arrangement of the common orbital plane 77 " transverse to the direction of flow 100 would not be the case.

Therefore, for reasons of stability, it does not matter which of the two dreams, either the one along the common circulation plane 77 " facing inner dreams 77a or the outer dreams facing away from each other 77b is attached.

For fastening the platform 71 at each of its corner areas on each of the dreams one of the endless revolving tension elements, here timing belt 77.1 - 77.4 , one guide shoe is used 72 , which, according to its name, also serves to guide this attachment point and thus both the platform 71 as well as the corresponding run 77a or 77b on one of the pillars 73 serves.

As in 2a shown in the right half of the picture and in the lower half of the picture is the guide shoe 72 thereby on in the direction of travel 100 facing outer surfaces 73b on and on the platform 71 facing outer surfaces 73a on.

Between the other two strands, to which the platform is not attached, is one in the direction of passage 100 and viewed in supervision from outside the platform 71 extending stabilizing strut 78 attached, whose weight is chosen so that it also acts as a counterweight to the platform 71 serves.

If like in the 1a, b presented the platform 71 the stabilizing strut is in its highest possible position 78 in its lowest position and vice versa.

The stabilizing strut 78 in turn is by means of a guide extension 80 via the attachment point on the respective strand to which it is attached, also on one of the guide columns 73 guided, so this guide extension 80 the stabilizing strut 78 beyond the attachment point on their respective strand in the direction of the adjacent guide column 73 extended.

The leadership process 80 the stabilizing strut 78 is there - as in 2a, b recognizable in the right half - both in the direction of travel 100 facing external surfaces 73b led as well as at right angles to the drive-through direction 100 from the platform 71 facing outsides 73a .

That would be the leadership processes 80 towards the pillars 73 only in one direction of the transverse direction 101 on the pillars 73 performed, but what with adequate guidance of the timing belt 71.1 - 71.4 in their tooth rollers 91a , b in the transverse direction 101 is usually sufficient.

The platform 71 is, however, due to their inherent stability in the horizontal directions 101 and 100 with the opposite guide shoe 72 also led in the 2nd transverse direction.

If this is not the case, you can - as in the 2a shown top left - guide shoe 72 and / or leadership extension 80 in both directions of the transverse direction 101 opposite the corresponding guide pillar 73 be guided by a corresponding, not designated, groove extension, which is preferably an integral part of the guide shoe 72 and / or the guide extension 80 is in a corresponding longitudinal groove 79 intervenes, preferably in the direction of travel 100 facing outer surfaces 73b of the pillars 73 is formed in the direction of its course, that is to say in particular vertically. This can be done with only two existing guide columns 71 be beneficial.

The guide groove 79 for the guide shoe 72 is preferably closer to the platform 71 there, the guide groove 79 for the guide extension 80 however, preferably further from the platform 71 removed as the first mentioned guide groove 79 .

Such guide grooves 79 can instead and / or additionally in other outer surfaces, in particular those by the direction of passage 100 trending exterior surfaces 73a , 73c of the pillars 73 be formed and / or have an undercut cross section, in which case the groove extensions on the guide shoe 72 and / or leadership extension 80 can also have a matching T-shape in cross-section and can be positively guided therein.

The drive of the upper toothed rollers in this case 91a takes place via a single central motor 90 that is at or above the top sprockets 91a is arranged and in this case on the underside of a cross strut between the guide columns 73 is attached.

The motor 90 drives through mediator belts 92a , b each in a common circulation level 77 " lying two upper sprockets 91a the timing belt 77.1 and 77.2 on by means of at least one deflection roller arranged on the motor shaft 88 .

The platform 91 opposite pair of timing belts 77.3 , 77.4 is about a wave 87 driven, which is transverse to the direction of rotation 100 the upper sprockets facing each other in this direction 91a non-rotatably connected.

Whether it is the mediator belt 92a , b is also a toothed belt or any other suitable type of endless revolving tension element, can remain put there.

The two types of elevator 70 according to the 1a , 2a on the one hand and 1b , 2 B on the other hand, it differs on which strands the timing belt 77.1 - 77.4 the platform 71 is fixed, especially by means of their guide shoes 72 .

In the design of the 1a , 2a platform is attached to the outer run of the toothed belt in the direction of travel, which is due to the small distance to the adjacent guide shaft 73 good guidance of the platform with regard to the support columns 73 results.

The stabilization struts on both sides are accordingly 78 on each in the direction of flow 100 facing dreams 77a each pair 77.1 , 77.2 respectively. 77.3 , 77.4 attached by timing belts.

How 1a shows, however, this requires that the two timing belts are in the same plane of rotation 77 " circulating pair eg 77.1 , 77.2 have to move in opposite orbital directions to the platform 71 to proceed in height.

This counter-rotation with just one motor 90 to achieve, are the two pulleys 89 , which are removed from the output shaft of the engine and each have an intermediary belt 92a , b rotates, only with one of the timing belts 77.2 centric and non-rotatable with its upper sprocket 91a connected with respect to the other toothed belt 77.1 on the other hand, centric and non-rotatable with a gear 86b which with another gear 86a which meshes non-rotatably with the upper sprocket 91a this other timing belt 77.1 is rotatably connected and is arranged concentrically to this.

Through the interposed gear pair 86a , b is the reversal of the direction of rotation of the timing belt 77.1 compared to that of the timing belt 77.2 reached. The gear pair 86a , b is also on the same pair in the other pair 77 " revolving timing belt 77.3 , 77.4 available, and represents the disadvantage of this design.

This can be avoided by the design according to the 1b , 2 B by operating all four timing belts there 77.1 - 77.4 are driven in the same direction of rotation, and therefore the pulley 89 over which each of the mediator straps 92a , b away from the direction of the output shaft of the motor 90 revolves, centrically and rotatably with one of the upper sprockets 91a of the four timing belts 77.1 - 77.4 can be connected, i.e. the gear pairs 86a , b are not needed.

However, for this it is necessary that - as best in 1b recognizable - the platform 71 on the two in a common circulation level 77 " circumferential and / or in the direction of flow 100 spaced pairs of timing belts eg 77.1 , 77.2 on the in the direction of flow 100 a strand pointing in the same direction, i.e. one on the inner strand 77a , and the other on the outer strand 77b , is attached.

Conversely, the same applies to the stabilizing strut 78 , which is attached to the other two strands.

This requires that those to be attached to this strand and at the same time to be guided on the guide columns 73 used guide shoes 72 not all four are of the same design, but they are connected to the in the direction of flow 100 positions distant from each other different projections in the direction of flow 100 must have, and the same applies to the guide processes 80 the stabilizing strut 78 . This results in an increased effort by using both guide shoes and guide extensions 80 must be produced in two versions each.

Regardless of the two designs described above, both the guide shoe 72 as well as the leadership process 80 in its cantilever direction 80 ' , so preferably in the direction of travel 100 , designed to be variable in length and in the direction of maximum projection by means of a spring arranged therein 93 be biased, causing small changes in column spacing SA1 in the direction of flow 100 can be compensated and in this direction always a reliable system of guide shoe 72 or leadership extension 18th on the facing outer surfaces 73b is achieved.

Such an elevator 70 is extremely low-maintenance due to the maintenance-free, non-lubricated, if at all synchronously stretching endless revolving traction elements such as toothed belts, yet durable and cost-effective on the one hand in production and on the other hand in construction.

A further cost advantage results from the type of training of the management pillars 73 and their attachment to an adjacent or surrounding structure 50 like a multi-storey storage rack, like using the 3a in side view and 4 in top view of a corresponding storage rack 50 shown.

Part of such a multi-storey warehouse 100 apart from the multi-storey storage rack 50 with its floor driving surfaces 50 "a - e each tractor 4th trailer can be automatically coupled and uncoupled 2nd be these - usually loaded with one or more products - trailers 2nd on virtually predefined storage areas 56a - c can park and store it in the storage areas 56 are summarized, between which the tractors 4th or teams 4 + 2 from tractor + trailer in storage aisles 58 can drive in at their free ends through traffic areas 57 are interconnected.

The left part is the 4th in this traffic area there 57 the elevator 70 on the storage shelf 50 built in, surrounded by it on all sides, or attached to it from the side when viewed from above, as indicated on the left edge.

Such a storage rack 50 consists of adjacent shelves on each floor 55 whose tops are the floors 50 "a - e of the individual floors 50a - e form. The warehouse floors 55 are supported by a stable structure 60 consisting of upright columns 51 - which are usually arranged in a grid-like manner in rows intersecting at right angles - and connecting them, on the individual floors 50a - existing longitudinal beams 52 and crossbars 53 are interconnected on which the shelves 55 rest with their edges, usually only lie loosely.

As in 3a visible, the support columns go 51 for this purpose mostly over the entire height of the storage rack 50 by.

In such a storage rack 50 becomes an elevator 70 as described above, installed in a karee between four supporting columns arranged adjacent to one another in the square 51 - as in the supervision of 4th evident - in which preferably no shelves at all 55 as a floor driving surface, for example 50 "a available.

These four pillars 51 limit - viewed from the top - the elevator shaft, so to speak, which, however, otherwise has no vertical walls.

An inventive idea is the stable design of this support frame 60 , especially their upright columns 51 , for the necessary stability of the elevator to be installed 70 to use by the guide columns 73 are just not so stable that they are subjected to large loads transversely to their direction in a free-standing elevator 70 could cope with, and can thus be constructed in a material-saving and cost-effective manner.

In order to still achieve the necessary stability, the guide pillars 73 on the support frame 60 , preferably the longitudinal truss here 52 , attached, as well as under the supervision of 4th to recognize what these corresponding mounting surfaces for 81 have on which the guide columns 73 - preferably on each floor - can be fixed.

The problem is that the support pillars 51 not exactly straight and vertical, especially with a number of floors that are far above the in 3a can go out five floors shown and can also include thirty and more floors. Then there are slight deviations of the support columns 51 from the straight line and / or the vertical alignment hardly avoidable.

In 3a are - exaggerated for reasons of recognizability - the two supporting columns visible in this view 51 between which the elevator 70 to be installed, bent slightly to the left. The longitudinal trusses lie accordingly 52 on which the guide pillars of the elevator 70 to be attached, on such a line bent slightly to the left.

Regardless of this, the pillars are now 73 always in the same way on the designated mounting surfaces 81 - in this case on the crossbeams 52 are trained, but also on the support columns 51 even could be designed - attached, be it directly or as shown here via spacers 83 , in such a way that, regardless of the described curvature of the structure 60 and thus the quasi-elevator shaft in the structure 60 hence the pillars 73 get an analog curvature by this attachment, which is why they must have a corresponding flexibility in their transverse direction.

In the 3a The embodiments shown are the spacers that may be present 83 in the direction of their thickness between the mounting surface 81 and guide pillar 73 each of the same thickness, at least all along a guide column 73 spacers arranged one above the other 83 .

However, the guide columns should preferably be used 73 - especially in the direction of travel 100 - Always the same, predetermined column spacing SA1 comply as in the 1a to 2 B drawn in and explained, above all to maintain a maximum width of the drive-over gap 85 between platform 71 and adjacent floor driving surface at the level of each floor.

To achieve this, when installing the elevator 70 in the building, especially in the storage rack 50 , the spacers 83 for those in the direction of passage 100 adjacent guide columns 73 have a different thickness.

As an alternative and / or in addition, the guide columns which are spaced apart in this direction can be used 73 also via a distance strut 82 - as in 2a is shown as an example in the lower half of the picture - with the correct column spacing SA1 be held to each other. In this case, the distance strut runs 82 preferably on the platform 71 facing away from the outside of the respective pair of guide columns 73 and also outside of the toothed belt and any stabilizing strut that may be present 78 .

• - der Tragsäulen 51 von der Vertikalen
• - der Tragsäulen 51 hinsichtlich einer exakt geraden Verlaufsrichtung
• - einer Torsion des Aufzugschachtes um seine Längserstreckung.

That is the way the elevator is 70 dimensionally tolerant with respect to relatively large deviations of the structure 60 and the one in it for installing the elevator 70 available elevator shaft both with regard to deviations

• - the support columns 51 from the vertical
• - the support columns 51 with regard to an exactly straight course
• - A torsion of the elevator shaft around its longitudinal extent.

For this purpose the elevator has 70 in the assembled state also - as in 2a marked - on each of the pillars 73 over a platform distance PA between the in the drive-through direction 100 extending outer edge of the platform 71 and the opposite outer surface 73c the respective guide pillar 73 in order to deal with larger deviations of the four guide columns 73 in the assembled state of a cubic shape of its central axis, contacting the platform 71 with the pillars 73 to avoid reliably.

Furthermore, there is a sufficiently large drive distance AA across the direction of travel 100 between those in the drive-through direction 100 extending outer edge of the platform 71 and the adjacent edge of the floor driving surface 50 "a adhered to within the parts of the drive, especially the endlessly rotating toothed belt 77.1 - 77.4 can be arranged, and also the stabilizing strut 78 , while the spacer struts are permanently installed at defined heights 82 - If at all present - can sometimes already lie outside this drive distance.

In practice, the pillars of leadership 73 with this procedure a weight which is less than half, usually only 20% of the weight of such guide columns 73 if they had a free-standing, inherently stable structure of the elevator 70 would have to offer. Also the price of the pillars 73 decreases to the same extent and, above all, assembly is made massively easier, since handling - be it manual or with a crane - such guide columns 73 with falling weight is greatly simplified during the assembly of the elevator 70 .

In 3a it is also indicated that the elevator is not just a platform 71 , but in this case two platforms that are firmly connected in height - instead of separately attached to the toothed belt - platforms 71a , b can have, the distance between the distance of the floors 50a , 50b etc. of the storage rack 50 corresponds.

3b shows a further design of the elevator, which has a different lifting device 74 as the driven endless traction elements, especially toothed belts, 77.1 - 77.4 has:

Here is the platform 71 in each of their corner areas with a loose end 76a a finite tension element such as a rope attached.

This finite traction element 76 can with the other loose end on the circumference of a winding drum 75 be attached so that the platform is synchronized by winding or unwinding the finite tension element of all four finite tension elements 71 is raised or lowered. If it is a rope, the rope is preferably one layer of winding for winding side by side on a suitably designed winding drum 75 wound up.

The finite tension element can, however, with the other loose end 76b also on the stabilizing strut 78 be attached, then instead of a winding drum 75 a the finite traction element 76.1 , 76.2 slip-free leading and driven deflection roller.

All deflection rollers or all winding drums 75 are preferably from a single motor as described in the previous designs 90 and a corresponding gearbox - be it intermediary belts 92a , b and / or a wave 87 - driven.

The finite tension element can - if it is only guided over an upper deflection roller and does not have to be wound up - also be a finite piece of a toothed belt.

Nevertheless, the attachment points are between the respective loose ends 76a , b and the platform 71 on the other hand and / or the stabilizing strut on the other hand as a guide shoe 72 on the one hand and extension of the leadership 80 on the other hand designed to guide at this point opposite the respective adjacent guide column 73 to offer, as also described with the previous designs.

Reference list

1

Clutch mechanism

1.2

against element

1.4

Coupling element

2nd

pendant

3a, b

Contact point

4th

tractor

5

contraption

6

Coupling recess

7

Coupling pin

8th

Flank level

9

Onboard control

10.2, 10.4

Longitudinal direction, straight-ahead driving direction

11.2, 11.4

Cross direction

12th

Vertical axis

50

Storage rack

50a, b

floor

50 "a, b

Floor driving surface

70

Elevator

70 *

control

71, 71a, 71b

platform

71a + b

Double platform

72

Guide shoe

73

Guide pillar

73a, b

Outside surface

74

Lifting device

75

Winding drum

76.1, 76.2

finite traction element, rope

76a, b

loose end

77.1, 77.2

endless traction element, belt

77a, b

Run

77 "

Orbital level

78

Stabilizing strut

79

Longitudinal groove

80

Guide extension

80 '

Cantilever direction

81

Mounting surface

82

Spacer

83

Spacer

84

sensor

85

gap

86a, b

gear

87

wave

88

Pulley

89

Pulley

90

engine

91a, b

Sprocket

92a, b

Mediator belt

93

feather

100

Direction of travel

101

Cross direction

102

vertical

AA

Drive distance

EA

Floor distance

PA

Platform distance

SA1, SA2

Column spacing

Claims (18)

Multi-level elevator with - a vertically movable platform (71) with guide shoes (72) attached to it, - at least two guide columns (73) along which the platform (71) is guided by means of the guide shoes (72), - a lifting device ( 74), which is operatively connected to the platform for moving the platform in height, - a controller (70 *) which controls all movable elements of the multi-level elevator, characterized in that the guide columns (73) are in at least one transverse direction to their main direction of extension (73 ') are elastic. (Rectangular) Elevator especially after Claim 1 , characterized in that - the number of guide columns (73) corresponds to the number of corners of the polygonal platform (71), and / or - the platform (71) is polygonal, preferably rectangular, and the elevator (70) has four guide columns (73). (multi-storey) Elevator in particular according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - several, in particular identical, platforms (71a, b) are arranged at a distance from one another in height and are either fixedly connected to one another to form a double platform (71a + b or each separately at the Tension elements are attached, - preferably the distance between the platforms (71a, b) corresponds to the floor distance (EA). (Lifting device = coiled rope) Lift in particular according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lifting device (74) comprises a winding roller (75) arranged above the platform (71) with a finite traction element (76), in particular a traction cable (76), wound thereon loose end (76a) is attached to the platform (71) or the double platform (71a + b). (Lifting device = one revolving tension element / belt) Elevator in particular according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lifting device (74) comprises several, synchronously drivable, in particular endless, traction elements (77.1, 77.2) revolving in vertical revolving planes (define), one of which runs (77a) each with the platform (71) or double platform (71a + b) is firmly connected. Elevator in particular according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one or two endless traction elements (77.1, 77.2) revolve in a circulation plane (77 ") on each side of the platform (71) or double platform (71a + b), - The platform (71) or double platform (71a + b) is attached to one of the two synchronously moving dreams (77a, b) by means of a guide shoe (72), - Between the two other dreams (77a, b) a stabilizing strut (78) is attached. Elevator in particular according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one or the two dreams (77a, b) or endless traction elements (77) lying in the same circumferential plane (77 ") - viewed from the top within the outer surfaces ( 73a, b, c) of the guide pillars (73) defined polygon are arranged, - in particular are arranged in the thickness range of the guide pillars (71), between which they are located, viewed in the top view. Elevator in particular according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each guide shoe (72) is guided on a guide column (73) in the horizontal direction of the circulation plane (77 ") and in at least one direction transverse to the circulation plane (77"), in particular on the outer surfaces of the guide column (73) and / or in longitudinal grooves (79) in the outer surface (73a, b, c) of the guide column (73). Elevator in particular according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each stabilizing strut (78) has a guide extension (80a, b) which projects beyond the strand (77a, b) to which it is attached and extends beyond its free end, on a guide column (73) in the horizontal direction of the revolving plane (77 ") and in at least one direction transverse to the revolving plane (77"), in particular on the outer surfaces (73a, b, c) of the guide column (73) and / or in longitudinal grooves ( 79) in the outer surface (73a, b, c) of the guide column (73). Elevator in particular according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the guide extension (80) extends on the side of the guide shoe (72) facing away from the platform (71) with respect to the guide column (73). Elevator in particular according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the guide extension (80) and / or the guide shoe (72) in the horizontal direction of the orbital plane (77 "), in which the at least one endless Traction element (77) revolves, adjustable in length and biased in its cantilever direction (80 '). (Counterweight) Elevator in particular according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the stabilizing strut (78) serves as a counterweight (78) and in particular has a weight which is divided by at least the weight of the platform (71) or double platform (71a + b) the number of counterweights (78) corresponds. (Drive) Elevator in particular according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the case of two endless traction elements (77) circulating in a common circulating plane (77 ") - the two traction elements (77) have opposite directions of rotation during operation - on the mutually facing inner strands (77a, b) the platform (71) or double platform (71a + b) is preferably fastened. Elevator installation with - a storey elevator (70), in particular according to one of the preceding claims, - a building (50), in particular storage rack (50), with several storeys (50a, b), on or within which the storey elevator (70) is arranged, - on the structure (50) there are fastening surfaces (81) on each floor (50a, b) for at least two, in particular each, guide column (73), characterized in that - the guide columns (73) are on Height of the levels (50a, b), in particular only at the level of the levels (50a, b), have a predetermined column spacing (SA) (define) in the direction of passage (100), in particular only in the direction of passage (100), - the Guide columns (73) in the transverse direction (101) to the drive-through direction (100) have a drive distance (AA) (define) to the edge of the platform (71). (Elevator on the side of the building) Elevator facility in particular after Claim 14 , characterized in that - only some of the guide columns (73), in particular only two guide columns (73) spaced transversely to the direction of travel (100), are fastened to the fastening surfaces (81) of the structure, - at the level of the floors (50a, b) the remaining guide columns (73) are fixed by means of spacer struts (82) at a column distance (SA) to those guide columns (73) which are fastened to the fastening surfaces (81). (Elevator in building) Elevator facility in particular according to one of the Claims 14 or 15 , characterized in that, - all guide columns (73) are fastened to the fastening surfaces (81) of the structure (50), - at the level of the floors (50a, b), in particular only at the level of the floors (50a, b), the Guide columns (73) have a predetermined column spacing (SA) (define) in the direction of passage (100), in particular only in the direction of passage (100), in that - either the guide columns (73) on the fastening surfaces (81) via spacers (83) appropriate thickness - or the guide columns (73) at the level of the floors (50a, b) by means of spacer struts (82) running in the direction of passage (100) with a length corresponding to the column spacing (SA) are spaced apart. (Only one passage direction) Elevator facility in particular according to one of the Claims 14 - 16 , characterized in that only one direction of extension of the platform (71) is defined as the direction of passage (100) and a column spacing (SA) is established only in this direction of passage (100). (Floor sensor) Elevator facility in particular according to one of the Claims 14 - 17th , characterized in that the building (50) or on the platform (71) with sensors (84) connected to the controller (70 *) by signal technology are present, which check when the platform (71) is stopped on one floor (50a, b), that the shelf is approximately - in particular a maximum of +/- 50 mm, better a maximum of +/- 30 mm, better a maximum of +/- 20 mm - at the height of the adjacent shelf, in particular with a maximum of such a deviation that a tractor (4) or team (5) cannot yet fall into the elevator shaft.

Images