EP2861298A1 - Dispositif pour transport transdermique et/ou intradermique - Google Patents

Dispositif pour transport transdermique et/ou intradermique

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Publication number
EP2861298A1
EP2861298A1 EP13756690.7A EP13756690A EP2861298A1 EP 2861298 A1 EP2861298 A1 EP 2861298A1 EP 13756690 A EP13756690 A EP 13756690A EP 2861298 A1 EP2861298 A1 EP 2861298A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
packets
trains
signal
waveform
train
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP13756690.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Bruno Massimo CETRONI
Massimo Teodoro SARTORI
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from IT000533A external-priority patent/ITTO20120533A1/it
Priority claimed from IT000532A external-priority patent/ITTO20120532A1/it
Priority claimed from IT000531A external-priority patent/ITTO20120531A1/it
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP2861298A1 publication Critical patent/EP2861298A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
    • A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
    • A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
    • A61N1/325—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for iontophoresis, i.e. transfer of media in ionic state by an electromotoric force into the body
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
    • A61N1/02—Details
    • A61N1/04—Electrodes
    • A61N1/0404—Electrodes for external use
    • A61N1/0408—Use-related aspects
    • A61N1/0428—Specially adapted for iontophoresis, e.g. AC, DC or including drug reservoirs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
    • A61N1/02—Details
    • A61N1/04—Electrodes
    • A61N1/0404—Electrodes for external use
    • A61N1/0408—Use-related aspects
    • A61N1/0428—Specially adapted for iontophoresis, e.g. AC, DC or including drug reservoirs
    • A61N1/0448—Drug reservoir
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
    • A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
    • A61N1/20—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes continuous direct currents
    • A61N1/30—Apparatus for iontophoresis, i.e. transfer of media in ionic state by an electromotoric force into the body, or cataphoresis
    • A61N1/303—Constructional details

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for transdermal and/or intradermal transport.
  • the present invention has been developed in particular for direct intradermal transport together with a direct intradermal and transdermal transport of active principles.
  • Hydroelectrophoresis (developed and implemented since 1989) represents an evolution of classic iontophoresis therapy.
  • Hydroelectrophoresis has been presented to the medical field with a better passage of ions and with a passage also of small molecules through the skin, by means of new bipolar waves, which improved the transdermal transmission as compared to classic iontophoresis by virtue of acquisition of these modified bipolar currents.
  • Figure 1 shows an example of a device for transdermal transport designated as a whole by 1.
  • the device 1 comprises a wave generator 10, connected to which are two electrodes 20 and 30 via respective cables 12 and 14.
  • the electrode 30 is made of a conductive material and can have any shape, even though a flexible metal lamina is preferable.
  • said flexible metal lamina can be applied adapting itself to the anatomical shape of the area of the body of the patient on which this electrode is to be applied.
  • the electrode 20 is a handpiece made so as to contain an active principle that is to be administered via transdermal route.
  • the active principle can be contained in a liquid or frozen solution, in a gel, etc.
  • the term "active principle" may include a drug, a product for treatment of skin blemishes, for example cellulitis or the like, or in general ions and/or molecules .
  • the Italian patent application No. FI99A000141 describes a wave generator that generates a particular waveform useful for hydroelectrophoresis.
  • FI98A000137 and FI99A000055 describe possible embodiments of the handpiece 20.
  • the particular waveform used, together with the gel formulation, enables a deep penetration of the drug to a depth of 11 cm approximately in the tissue. This depth is greater than the one normally obtainable with other electrophoretic methods (just a few millimetres) . Moreover, high local concentrations of the drug used can be reached.
  • hydroelectrophoresis presents a deficit of phoretic transmission in so far as there is a massive electrolysis of the solute for low force of electromagnetic field.
  • the therapies have very long times with a loss of almost 70% of the solute understood as mixture of the active principles.
  • the inventors have found that the flow of current is inadequate for many complex therapies, such as for example the therapies of pain, obesity, cellulitis of third and fourth degree, etc. It seems that this is due to the low force of the electromagnetic field and the loss of conductivity due, for example, to the cable, to the connector, and principally to the small lamellar surface of ion of the handpiece.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome one or more of the disadvantages outlined above.
  • the device for transdermal transport can be connected to two electrodes, where an electrode is configured for containing an active principle to be administered via transdermal and/or intradermal route.
  • the device further comprises a wave generator, which generates a driving signal for the electrodes .
  • the driving signal comprises a plurality of packets grouped in trains of packets and in groups of trains.
  • each packet consists of a unidirectional signal that results from the combination of a modulating signal, for example with a frequency of between 0.1 and 5 Hz, and a carrier signal, for example with a frequency of between 200 and 2000 Hz.
  • each train of packets consists of a series of packets and each group of trains comprises a series of trains of packets.
  • the trains of packets comprise packets that have the same polarity and the same duration, but at least one first packet has a carrier signal with a first frequency and at least one second packet has a carrier signal with a second frequency.
  • the wave generator reverses the polarity of the trains of packets after a given time interval. For instance, in various embodiments, the wave generator reverses the polarity of each train of packets with respect to the polarity of the previous train of packets.
  • the device moreover comprises an acoustic generator, such as for example a piezoelectric speaker, which is driven by the driving signal itself.
  • an acoustic generator such as for example a piezoelectric speaker
  • the device moreover comprises a light source comprising at least one laser diode or one power LED, where said light source is driven via the driving signal itself.
  • FIG. 1 shows a generic device for transdermal transport
  • FIGS. 12a to 12c show different views of a handpiece for a device for transdermal transport.
  • the solutions described herein enable a practically total electro-ionic conductivity of the dermis with low electrical resistance of the horny tissue with a direct passage to the reticular dermis, substantially by-passing the horny tissue, which leads to a direct dermal transport (DDT or TDD) of molecules and proteins, which permits a DDT direct intradermal therapy .
  • DDT direct dermal transport
  • an orderly electrotherapeut ic flow of electromagnetic field with extremely high ionic conductivity and extremely low electrical transport resistance is used.
  • DDT direct dermal transport
  • DDT dermaphoresis i.e., the new signal
  • chromophoresis i.e., the light radiation generated by laser diodes
  • phonophoresis i.e., the additional acoustic signal
  • the acoustic frequency also produces an effect of stochastic resonance, which, added to the flow of photons, enables creation of a soliton.
  • a possible explanation of this effect is that the force of transport of the solitons, namely produced by the combination of the light force with the acoustic force, creates a self-reinforcing wave without dispersion of energy in the propagation medium that enables the waves produced by dermaphoresis not to lose considerable energy during traversal from the horny layer to the cutaneous layers, and then to the deep tissue layers.
  • the techniques described herein represent a total revolution in physical therapies since they result in a force of translation expressed as a self-reinforcing wave generated in a propagation medium (constituted by a modified phoretic gel with a medical action, potentially with a massive polytherapeut ic action) . Movement of the substances is consequently substantially intradermal and only in part transdermal with a direct passage of molecules of small, medium, and large dimensions and protein fractions to the tissues, which has never been obtained with previous apparatuses.
  • the person skilled in the art will appreciate that in transdermal transport the passage is beyond the dermis, i.e., a relative and insignificant passage, where the dermis is defined only as a collector for percolation of the active principle. Consequently, in the case where the passage is insufficient, also the therapy is insufficient. Instead, in intradermal therapy the dermis is no longer a mere passage, but becomes biological tissue active to passage; i.e., it becomes an important biological carrier of the active principle.
  • the passage of the drug can have an additional thrust, for example of approximately 60%
  • the reticular dermis i.e., the first layer of the dermis
  • the reticular dermis can behave as a metabolic laboratory of the drug; i.e., part of the active principle, for example approximately 40%, may remain in the reticular dermis as a continuous pharmacological reserve that releases the drug in depth in the hours and days following upon treatment. Consequently, with the apparatus described herein it is possible for the first time to carry out a proper targeted intradermal therapy without the use of needles; i.e., the intradermal therapy by dermaphoresis described herein reflects to a surprising extent a pharmacological therapy using a needle.
  • the new handpiece comprises an electrification chamber entirely made of a conductive material, which enables the following to be obtained:
  • the flow of current is homogeneous and uniform within the metal cavity of the dispenser and propagates also within the flask, contained in which is the gel that progressively drops by gravity into the chamber; consequently, since the conductive gel is also the gel in the flask, it is traversed by currents;
  • the gel in the electrification chamber has a higher potential, which generates a constant motion of molecules, also attracting the molecules possibly pre- charged in the flask;
  • the molecules and the proteins are traversed by a current that is constant in time and massive from the surface of the horny layer with a higher attraction and at a higher rate to the passive electrode.
  • This signal is generated by a wave generator 10 and applied through connection cables 12 and 14 to two electrodes 20 and 30, where one of the two electrodes is designed to contain a carrier containing the active principle.
  • driving is in current, for example with a maximum intensity of approximately 15-100 mA.
  • driving could also be in voltage.
  • the signal comprises a carrier signal with a frequency of between 200 and 2000 Hz modulated in amplitude via a modulating signal with a frequency of between 0.1 and 5 Hz, preferably between 0.5 and 2 Hz.
  • Figures 2a to 2f show examples of carrier signals 102, which in order are: a rectified sinusoidal waveform, a positive sinusoidal waveform, a triangular waveform, a positive square waveform, a sawtooth waveform, and a series of pulses spaced at intervals apart.
  • the carrier signal has a waveform oscillating periodically between zero and a maximum value of amplitude.
  • the carrier signal is a positive sinusoidal wave where the amplitude as a function of time t is given by
  • modulating signal can have different waveforms.
  • Figures 3a to 3d show examples of modulating signals 104, which in order are: a sawtooth waveform, a triangular waveform, a rectified sinusoidal waveform, and a trapezial waveform. Consequently, in general, also the modulating signal 104 has a waveform oscillating periodically between zero and a maximum value of amplitude.
  • the modulating signal 104 is a rectified sinusoidal wave, where the amplitude as a function of time t is given by
  • the modulating signal has a frequency f, formula of between 0.1 and 5 Hz, preferably substantially equal to 0.5, 1, or 2 Hz.
  • a packet is created that has a duration T pac corresponding to the duration of a period T m of the modulating signal:
  • the period of the modulating signal T m is between 0.3 and 0.8 s, preferably between 0.4 and 0.6 s, preferably 0.5 s.
  • the period of the modulating signal T m would correspond to l/(2f m ) i.e., only to the period of a half-wave.
  • the rectified sinusoidal wave of the modulating signal 104 would have a frequency of 1 Hz.
  • the packet would have the following waveform:
  • Figure 4 shows a possible embodiment of a signal that comprises a sequence of two packets P.
  • the polarity of these packets which by definition are unidirectional, is periodically reversed. For instance, in various embodiments, the above reversal of polarity is performed after a time Tj nv that corresponds to the time of a packet T pac (or a time that corresponds to a multiple of the time of a packet T pac )
  • i is an integer greater than zero.
  • groups of packets are formed that comprise a number of packets i with a first polarity followed by the same number of packets i with a reversed polarity, i.e., the duration T gr of a group of packets is
  • the frequency f p of the carrier signal remains stable for a group of packets.
  • Figure 5 shows a possible embodiment of a group of packets PG, which comprises a packet with positive polarity P+ followed by a packet with negative polarity P- .
  • the polarity is reversed after each half-wave of the modulating signal 104, which means that the modulating signal 104 behaves as a normal, i.e., non-rectified, sinusoidal signal
  • the depth of the penetration of the active principle depends principally upon the frequency of the carrier signal.
  • the penetration depth p may be approximated with the following equation:
  • Figure 6 illustrates a table with 23 typical depths, identified by the letters from A to Z, with the corresponding penetration depth p measured in centimetres and the respective frequency f p of the carrier signal measured in hertz.
  • the inventors have noted that the efficiency of the treatment can be improved by creating a sequence of signals with different carrier frequencies f p .
  • a train of packets Tr is created, which comprises a sequence of a plurality of packets P, where the frequency f p of the carrier signal of each packet P is decreased, thus stimulating a movement of the active principle in depth .
  • Figure 7 shows an embodiment of a train of packets Tr comprising four packets Pi, P 2 , P3, and P 4 .
  • these trains of packets are repeated periodically.
  • the frequency f m of the modulating signal remains constant for the entire train of packets. Consequently, in the embodiment considered, the duration of a train of packets T tr is
  • the train would have a duration T tr of 2 s.
  • the wave generator 10 is configured for generating a signal that comprises trains of packets Tr, wherein each train of packets Tr, comprises a plurality of packets P.
  • the packets P consist of a unidirectional signal that results from the combination of a modulating signal 104 and a carrier signal 102.
  • the frequencies of the carrier signals f p of the packets P within a train of packets Tr are different from one another.
  • the train of packets Tr comprises four packets P.
  • these trains of packets Tr are used for forming groups of trains.
  • Figure 8 shows a possible embodiment of a group of trains TG.
  • each group of trains TG comprises a plurality of trains Tr followed by a pause T tg 0 ff, preferably of between 0.1 and 5 s, where the signal is constant, for example zero. Consequently, the trains are transmitted for a duration
  • T tg_on k ⁇ T tr ( ID
  • k is an integer greater than one, which corresponds to the number of trains Tr in a group of trains TG, and the entire duration of a group of trains Ttg is
  • the polarities of the trains Tr within a group of trains TG are reversed.
  • the inventors have noted that a reversal at the level of the packets as illustrated in Figure 5 improves the result only slightly, but the efficiency increases considerably with reversal of the polarity only at the level of the trains. Consequently, in the currently preferred embodiment, the packets within a train Tr have one and the same polarity.
  • Figure 9 shows the currently preferred embodiment, where the polarity of the second train Tr 2 and of the fourth train Tr 4 are reversed with respect to that of the first and third trains Tri and Tr 3 ; i.e., the polarity is reversed every 2 s. Consequently, the first and third trains Tri and Tr 3 have the same waveform and the second and fourth trains ⁇ 2 and Tr 4 have the same waveform.
  • the above groups of trains TG are repeated for a certain duration that corresponds to the duration of the treatment.
  • the duration of the treatment is between 10 and 40 min, preferably 20 min.
  • the wave generator 10 is able to generate at least one of the following types of treatment or programs, with the following names:
  • the wave generator 10 may also enable generation of all the above eleven programs.
  • the generator 10 could comprise a user interface that enables selection of a specific program.
  • the wave generator 10 could be able to generate even just a single program, such as for example the program "Stretch marks”, or a subset of programs, such as for example the programs "Cellulitis ONE” and “Cellulitis TWO" .
  • the apparatus may also comprise a wired or wireless communication interface, which enables setting of the parameters of one or more programs or an exchangeable memory that comprises the parameters, such as for example the number, the frequencies of the carrier signals, and/or the frequencies of the modulating signals of the groups of packets GP within a train of packets Tr.
  • a packet P is obtained via a unidirectional signal that results from the combination of a carrier signal and a modulating signal, preferably both being sinusoidal signals;
  • the number of packets P within a train of packets Tr is four, where the packets P have the same polarity and the same duration (preferably 0.5 s), i.e., the frequencies f m of the modulating signals 104 are substantially identical, whereas the frequencies f p of the carrier signals 102 are at least in part different;
  • the number of trains of packets Tr within a group of trains TG is four; i.e., the duration T tr on of a group of trains TG is preferably 8 s, where only the polarity of the trains of packets Tr is reversed, preferably after each train Tr;
  • the duration of the treatment is, for example, approximately 20 min.
  • the programs mentioned above have the following series of carrier signals, which principally determines the depth of the treatment:
  • the four groups of packets PG have the following typical depths in order: D-E-F-G, i.e., the depths required are 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 cm, and the frequencies of the respective carrier signals are 1910, 1820, 1730, and 1640 Hz;
  • the four packets P have the following typical depths in order: H-J-I-L, i.e., the required depths are 2.5, 3, 3.5 and 4 cm, and the frequencies of the respective carrier signals are 1550, 1460, 1370, and 1280 Hz;
  • the four packets P have the following typical depths in order: L — M — —0 , i.e., the required depths are 4, 4.5, 5, and 5.5 cm, and the frequencies of the respective carrier signals are 1280, 1190, 1100, and 1010 Hz;
  • the four packets P have the following typical depths in order: L-M-N-O, i.e., the required depths are 4, 4.5, 5. and 5.5 cm, and the frequencies of the respective carrier signals are 1280, 1190, 1100. and 1010 Hz;
  • the four packets P have the following typical depths in order: F-G-H-J, i.e., the required depths are 1.5, 2, 2.5, and 3 cm, and the frequencies of the respective carrier signals are 1730, 1640, 1550, and 1460 Hz;
  • the four packets P have the following typical depths in order: H-J-L-N, i.e., the required depths are 2.5, 3, 4, and 4.5 cm, and the frequencies of the respective carrier signals are 1550, 1460, 1280, and 1190 Hz;
  • the four packets P have the following typical depths in order: O-Q-R-S, i.e., the required depths are 5.5, 6.5, 7, and 7.5 cm, and the frequencies of the respective carrier signals are 1010, 830, 740, and 650 Hz;
  • the four packets P have the following typical depths in order: Q-R-S-T, i.e., the required depths are 6.5, 7, 7.5, and 8 cm, and the frequencies of the respective carrier signals are 830, 740, 650, and 560 Hz;
  • the four packets P have the following typical depths in order: T-V-W-Z, i.e., the required depths are 8, 9, 9.5, and 10 cm, and the frequencies of the respective carrier signals are 560, 380, 290, and 200 Hz;
  • the four packets P have the following typical depths in order: E-F-G-H, i.e., the required depths are 1, 1.5, 2, and 2.5 cm, and the frequencies of the respective carrier signals are 1820, 1730, 1640, and 1550 Hz; and
  • the four packets P have the following typical depths in order: G-I-M-O, i.e., the required depths are 2, 3.5, 4.5, and 5.5 cm, and the frequencies of the respective carrier signals are 1640, 1370, 11900, and 1010 Hz.
  • SMI RED for the treatment of red stretch marks: sequence F-H-H-J, with a treatment time of 20 min;
  • SM2 WHITE for the treatment of recent white stretch marks: sequence G-J-I-I, with a treatment time of 30 min;
  • NAIL for the treatment of nail pathological conditions: sequence L-O-O-N, with a treatment time of 20 min;
  • FACE1 for the treatment of ultra-sensitive skins: sequence G-H-H-J, with a treatment time of 20 min;
  • FACE2 for the treatment of the skin of patients between 20 and 40 years old: sequence J-I-L-M, with a treatment time of 20 min;
  • ACE3 for the treatment of the skin of patients over 40 years old: sequence L-M-M-O, with a treatment time of 20 min;
  • FACE4 for the treatment of the skrn with active acne: sequence L-I-I-L, with a treatment time of 20 min;
  • FACE5 for the treatment of post-acne skin: sequence L-N-N-M, with a treatment time of 20 min;
  • FACE 7 for the treatment of scars or burns: sequence N-M-N-O, with a treatment time of 30 min;
  • FACE 8 for the treatment of blotches on the face: sequence H-J-L-L, with a treatment time of 20 min;
  • SCARS for the treatment of scars on the body: sequence M-N-N-0, with a treatment time of 20 min;
  • PAIN1 for the treatment of pain of fine joints: sequence H-G-J-J, with a treatment time of 20 min;
  • PAIN 2 for the treatment of pain of the epicondyle: sequence J-L-L-M, with a treatment time of
  • PAIN 3 for the treatment of tendon pain: sequence M-N-M-0, with a treatment time of 20 min;
  • PAIN 7 for the treatment of torn muscle: sequence R-S-T-T, with a treatment time of 30 min;
  • PAIN 8 for the treatment of first-degree pains of the joints: sequence Q-Q-Q-S, with a treatment time of 20 mm;
  • PAIN 9 for the treatment of second-degree pains of the joints: sequence R-R-S-S, with a treatment time of 30 min;
  • PAI 10 for the treatment of third-degree pains of the joints: sequence T-T-U-U, with a treatment time of 30 min;
  • PAIN 11 for the treatment of first-degree bone pain: sequence T-T-V-V, with a treatment time of 30 min;
  • PAIN 12 for the treatment of second-degree bone pain: sequence U-V-W-W, with a treatment time of 30 min;
  • PAIN 13 for the treatment of third-degree bone pain: sequence W-Z-Z-Z, with a treatment time of
  • MUSCLE T2 for the treatment of muscular trophism: sequence M-O-O-P, with a treatment time of 30 min;
  • MUSCLE T3 for the treatment of muscular trophism: sequence O-P-Q-Q, with a treatment time of 30 min;
  • FAT Dl for the treatment of localized adiposity: sequence U-U-T-U, with a treatment time of 30 min;
  • FAT D2 for the treatment of localized adiposity: sequence V-V-U-V, with a treatment time of 30 rain;
  • FIBROSIS 1 for the treatment of superficial fibroses: sequence M-O-O-R, with a treatment time of
  • FIBROSIS 2 for the treatment of medium fibroses: sequence P-R-R-S, with a treatment time of
  • FIBROSIS 3 for the treatment of deep fibroses: sequence S-S-T-T, with a treatment time of
  • SKIN1 for the treatment of the skin of the hands: sequence I-L-L-L, with a treatment time of 20 min;
  • SKIN 2 for the treatment of the skin of the body: sequence M-N-N-N, with a treatment time of 30 min;
  • the wave generator 10 may also enable generation of all the above programs or a subset thereof .
  • Figure 10 illustrates a device 40 designed for chromophoresis and/or phonophoresis.
  • Figure 10 shows the device 40 from beneath .
  • the device 40 comprises at least one laser diode 44 for chromophoresis.
  • the device 40 comprises at least one laser diode 44 for chromophoresis.
  • the device 40 comprises at least one laser diode 44 for chromophoresis.
  • four laser diodes 44 are represented.
  • any laser diode or power LED i.e., with an adequate power of emission
  • chromophoresis may be used with any device for transdermal transport.
  • LEDs are meant p- n junction LEDs formed by a layer of semiconductor material.
  • the electrons and the holes are injected in a recombination zone through two regions of the diode coated with impurities of different types, i.e., of an n . type for the electrons and a p type for the holes.
  • impurities of different types i.e., of an n . type for the electrons and a p type for the holes.
  • the colour or frequency of the radiation emitted by a LED is defined by the distance in energy between the energy levels of electrons and holes and typically corresponds to the value of the forbidden band of the semiconductor in question.
  • a laser diode is made up of a p-n junction, and when an electron and a hole are present in one and the same region, they can recombine with spontaneous emission, emitting a photon with an energy equal to the difference between the states of the electron and of the hole involved.
  • the electron and the hole may coexist in one and the same area for a certain time before recombining.
  • a nearby photon with energy equal to the recombination energy may cause recombination with stimulated emission.
  • This generates another photon of the , same frequency, which travels in one and the same direction, having the same polarization and phase as the first photon. Consequently, stimulated emission causes a gain in an optical wave in the injection region, and the gain increases as the number of electrons and holes injected through the junction increases.
  • a laser diode principally generates coherent light by stimulated emission. Consequently, a laser diode has a quasi-monochromatic spectrum of radiation. Moreover, at low current the laser diode has a spontaneous emission like the LED and, above a given value of current referred to as “threshold current", the power increases more rapidly, and there is stimulated emission.
  • a laser diode can be supplied like a classic LED, ensuring only that the current that traverses the laser diode is higher than its threshold current .
  • the laser diode or diodes 44 has/have coupled thereto appropriate optical means, such as for example lenses, which broaden the beam of light over a more extensive area.
  • chromophoresis is driven by the same signal, i.e., by the same frequencies, emitted for the specific treatment selected. Consequently, the signal sent to the electrodes 20 and 30 is also sent to the laser diodes 44.
  • a rectifier may be required for driving the laser diodes 44, again with a positive driving signal .
  • the laser diodes 44 emit light of at least two different colours.
  • the dermaphoresis signal is sufficiently complex, and certain times must be met for guaranteeing that the complete sequence of trains Tr is applied to a certain area.
  • the laser diodes 44 may be driven in a synchronised, way to indicate the state of the treatment .
  • the device 40 comprises at least one first group of laser diodes that emits light having a first colour, such as for example red, and at least one second group of laser diodes that emits light having a second colour, such as for example green.
  • a first time interval for example for the duration of a train Tr
  • a second time interval for example for the duration of a subsequent train Tr with reversed polarity
  • only the laser diodes of the second group are lit up. In this way, the physician immediately obtains macroscopic information on advance of the treatment.
  • the device 40 comprises an acoustic-wave generator 42 for phonophoresis, such as for example a piezoelectric speaker.
  • phonophoresis is driven by the same signal, i.e., by the same frequencies, emitted for the specific treatment selected. Consequently, the signal sent to the electrodes . 20 and 30 is also sent to the acoustic generator 42.
  • phonophoresis may be used with any device for transdermal transport, using only for phonophoresis the driving signal sent also to the electrodes 20 and 30 of the device for transdermal transport .
  • dermaphoresis i.e., of the signal described previously, and phonophoresis
  • dermaphoresis and phonophoresis are used in combination.
  • the aforesaid device 40 may be integrated in the handpiece 20 of the treatment device or may be an additional device (potentially sold separately) that is rigidly coupled to the handpiece
  • Figure 11 shows an embodiment, in which the device 40 is fixed laterally to the handpiece 20 and the light ray and/or the acoustic signal are emitted in the direction of the area to be treated.
  • Figures 12a to 12c show a handpiece or dispenser 20 that can be used with the device for transdermal transport illustrated in Figure 1.
  • the electrification chamber of the above dispenser 20 is made entirely of a metal material, preferably steel.
  • Figure 12a shows a perspective view of the handpiece 20, without its outer casing.
  • the handpiece 20 comprises an electrification chamber 210 with a hollow portion.
  • Figure 12b shows a possible embodiment of the electrification chamber 210.
  • the electrification chamber 210 has a substantially tubular shape, preferably with a rectangular cross section, and comprises on its upper side a first opening 212 and on its underside a second opening 214.
  • the opening 212 may be used for introducing a gel or some other substance containing an active principle into the electrification chamber 210.
  • the above opening 212 has a circular cross section and comprises a thread that enables direct screwing of a flask (not illustrated) containing the gel.
  • the gel containing the active principle drops progressively by gravity through the opening 212 into the chamber 210.
  • the opening 214 is used as outlet for the electrified gel.
  • the opening 214 has a rectangular shape and is substantially closed via a roller 220, also this being made of a metal material, preferably steel. Consequently, in the embodiment considered, the electrified gel exits from the opening 214 only when the handpiece 20 is moved and the roller 220 is turned.
  • the electrification chamber 210 moreover comprises an electrical contact 216 for connection to the wave generator 10.
  • the contact is made via a blind hole 216 with internal thread.
  • the cable 12 may be fixed directly to the electrification chamber 210 via a screw.
  • the entire dispenser 20 is made of a metal material that principally enables uniformity of ' traversal of current.
  • the handpiece 20 moreover comprises an outer casing that covers the electrification chamber 210, leaving only space for the opening 212 and the roller 220.
  • this outer casing is made of an insulating material, such as for example plastic or a resin.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Electrotherapy Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif pour transport transdermique et/ou intradermique qui peut être connecté à deux électrodes, l'une des électrodes étant configurée pour contenir un principe actif devant être administré par route transdermique et/ou intradermique. Le dispositif comprend un générateur d'ondes configuré pour générer un signal de commande à envoyer aux électrodes. Selon un mode de réalisation, le signal de commande comprend une pluralité de paquets groupés en trains de paquets (Tr) et en groupes de trains (TG), chaque paquet consistant en un signal unidirectionnel qui résulte de la combinaison d'un signal de modulation et d'un signal de porteuse, chaque train de paquets (Tr) consistant en une série de paquets, et chaque groupe de trains (TG) comprenant une série de trains de paquets (Tr). De plus, le générateur d'onde peut être configuré pour inverser la polarité des trains de paquets (Tr) après un intervalle de temps donné.
EP13756690.7A 2012-06-19 2013-06-19 Dispositif pour transport transdermique et/ou intradermique Withdrawn EP2861298A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT000533A ITTO20120533A1 (it) 2012-06-19 2012-06-19 Dispositivo per la veicolazione transdermica e/o intradermica
IT000532A ITTO20120532A1 (it) 2012-06-19 2012-06-19 Dispositivo per la veicolazione transdermica e/o intradermica
IT000531A ITTO20120531A1 (it) 2012-06-19 2012-06-19 Dispositivo per la veicolazione transdermica e/o intradermica
PCT/IB2013/055038 WO2013190489A1 (fr) 2012-06-19 2013-06-19 Dispositif pour transport transdermique et/ou intradermique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2861298A1 true EP2861298A1 (fr) 2015-04-22

Family

ID=49111505

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13756690.7A Withdrawn EP2861298A1 (fr) 2012-06-19 2013-06-19 Dispositif pour transport transdermique et/ou intradermique

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2861298A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2013190489A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT201700014315A1 (it) * 2017-02-09 2018-08-09 Bruno Massimo Cetroni Dispositivo per il trasporto intracellulare in biorisonanza
WO2024134247A1 (fr) 2022-12-19 2024-06-27 Deep Care Holdings Ltd Système de transport transdermique et/ou intradermique

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US5415629A (en) * 1993-09-15 1995-05-16 Henley; Julian L. Programmable apparatus for the transdermal delivery of drugs and method
AU761949B2 (en) * 1999-04-13 2003-06-12 Hisamitsu Pharmaceutical Co. Inc. Iontophoresis device
IT1315207B1 (it) * 1999-06-09 2003-02-03 Antonino D Africa Dispositvo e metodo per il trasporto molecolare transdermico.
US20020147424A1 (en) * 2000-12-26 2002-10-10 Alvin Ostrow Transdermal magnetic drug delivery system and method
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