EP2860472A1 - Installation de refroidissement - Google Patents

Installation de refroidissement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2860472A1
EP2860472A1 EP20140187582 EP14187582A EP2860472A1 EP 2860472 A1 EP2860472 A1 EP 2860472A1 EP 20140187582 EP20140187582 EP 20140187582 EP 14187582 A EP14187582 A EP 14187582A EP 2860472 A1 EP2860472 A1 EP 2860472A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cooling medium
cooling
plant
freezers
container
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP20140187582
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Thomas Lund
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dybvad Stalindustri AS
Original Assignee
Dybvad Stalindustri AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dybvad Stalindustri AS filed Critical Dybvad Stalindustri AS
Publication of EP2860472A1 publication Critical patent/EP2860472A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B43/00—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
    • F25B43/006—Accumulators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D16/00—Devices using a combination of a cooling mode associated with refrigerating machinery with a cooling mode not associated with refrigerating machinery
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/23—Separators

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a cooling plant as well as a method of operating a cooling plant according to the invention.
  • Freezing is a very energy intensive process requiring an effective cooling plant as well as an effective, active freezer means.
  • a common drawback of these freezer installations is the cost of providing a cooling plant which is sufficiently large to service the freezer during the freezing time, i.e. the period when non-frozen items are placed in the freezer until they reach the desired temperature.
  • a further problem is that with relatively large installations a substantial amount of liquid is circulated in the installation requiring relatively large pipe diameters and relatively large pumps in order to move sufficient energy through the system in order to achieve the freezing capabilities. This circulation of freezing media requires a substantial amount of energy.
  • the invention achieves this by providing a cooling plant including a cooling medium supply plant which cooling medium supply plant has means for supplying cooling medium to one or more freezers which cooling medium after use in each freezer is circulated back to said cooling medium supply plant by return circulation means, and where each of the one or more freezers has active freezing means and a cooling medium container and pump designed for each respective freezer, where circulation of cooling medium is controlled between the active freezing means and the cooling medium container, such that only gas is circulated back to the cooling medium supply plant.
  • each freezer provides the possibility of circulating the cooling medium for as long as it takes the active freezing means to transfer energy from the objects to be frozen into the cooling medium thereby creating evaporation and consequently a transfer of the cooling medium from a liquid state to a gas state.
  • the cooling medium container is constructed such that as the cooling liquid is circulated through the active freezing means the pump and the cooling medium container, only liquid cooling medium is circulated, whereas cooling medium in its gas form is sucked back to the cooling plant for further treatment in order to be returned to the liquid state.
  • cooling ability i.e. the cooling liquid's ability to draw heat from the active freezing means is optimized in that the cooling medium is maintained in circulation in each freezer until it is transferred into its gas state, in which state it is sucked back to the cooling plant.
  • the cooling medium container has an inlet and two outlets, where a first outlet provides fluid communication to the pump and a second outlet provides gas communication to the cooling medium supply plant, and where said inlet is in communication with the active freezing means.
  • the particular arrangement of the cooling medium container particularly having two outlets is advantageous in that the first outlet which advantageously may be positioned at the bottom of the cooling medium container drains off any liquid, whereas the second outlet, typically arranged in the top part of the cooling mediums container, lets the gas, i.e. the evaporated cooling medium be sucked back to the cooling plant.
  • the cooling medium container gravity helps to separate the cooling media in its phases, i.e. gas and liquid, but other types of separation may also be contemplated, for example in a cyclone or the like.
  • a condenser screen is arranged in the cooling medium's flow path inside the cooling medium container.
  • the condenser screen is arranged such that as cooling medium having been through the active freezing means enters the cooling medium container it will shortly after being released from the inlet be confronted with the screen.
  • the condenser screen will to a large extent separate droplets or tiny liquid components from the gas such that the gas being sucked back to the cooling plant is as liquid free as possible and at the same time as much liquid is separated from the circulating gas in order to save transport energy and be able to utilize the cooling fluid medium in the most efficient way.
  • the inlet inside the cooling medium container is provided with a nozzle in the shape of a pipe arranged orthogonal to the cooling medium's flow path inside the container.
  • the first inlet additionally is in fluid communication with the cooling medium supply plant, for introducing additional/fresh fluid cooling medium into the cooling medium container.
  • active freezing means any means such as for example a horizontal or vertical plate in a plate freezer which comes into contact with the products to be treated in the freezer such as for example fish, meat or the like.
  • active does not indicate that the plates are active apart from having heat transfer characteristics which facilitates the transfer of energy from the products to be frozen to the cooling medium.
  • the efficiency in the compressor may be elevated in that the transformation of gas to liquid when homogenous gas, i.e. not liquid containing gas is received, is easier to control and as such the efficiency of the compressor may be elevated.
  • a receiver i.e. a tank to collect and distribute the fluid cooling medium from, which may act as a buffer with respect to the one or more freezers in that the demand for cooling liquid may fluctuate due to the number of freezers connected to the cooling plant and due to each freezer's separate demand for a provision of cooling fluid.
  • a distribution manifold is provided in said means for supplying cooling medium to the one or more freezers and a return manifold is provided in said return circulation means, where both manifolds comprise multiple means for connecting and disconnecting means for supplying cooling medium respectively receiving return gas from each of the one or more freezers.
  • the manifold both the distribution and the return manifold, are provided for easy connection and disconnection of freezers to the cooling plant. It may for example be desirable to be able to move the freezing capacity from one location to a different location and with a cooling plant according to the present invention it is possible to leave the cooling medium supply plant in one location and just move the freezers to a different location where the need for a freezing capacity is larger. It is much cheaper and faster just to move the freezers without the cooling medium supply plant, as usually the plant requires a substantial amount of installation work. At the same time the cooling medium does not need to be moved with the freezers as the receiver may contain the entire amount of cooling liquid required in a situation where a number of freezers are moved off to a different location.
  • the manifolds therefore provide easy access to the connection and disconnection of freezers and thereby make it fairly simple to remove one or more freezers from the cooling plant as desired.
  • the invention also discloses a method for operating an cooling plant according to the invention as described above.
  • FIG 1 is illustrated a schematic overview of a cooling plant according to the present invention.
  • the cooling medium supply plant 20 comprises a compressor 21 which by means of a pipe 22 is in liquid connection with a condensator 23. Inside the condensator the compressed gas and liquid being transferred from the compressor 21 through the pipe 22 is further cooled such that liquid cooling medium is led to a receiver 24 by pipe means 25.
  • the arrangement and construction of the cooling medium supply plant as described above is relatively traditional.
  • the freezer 10 is in the shape of a horizontal plate freezer where a number of horizontal plates 11'-11"""" are constructed such that cooling medium may be guided through the plates.
  • the plates are brought in close physical contact with the products to be frozen.
  • the plate freezer has means 12, 13 for moving the plates vertically thereby creating larger openings between each of the plates 11'-11"""” in order to be able to place the product to be frozen between adjacent plates.
  • After placement of products the plates are pushed together in a vertical direction slightly squeezing the product arranged between the plates in order to create a good thermal conductive contact between the products to be frozen and the freezing plates 11-11"""".
  • active freezing means shall therefore be construed as the plates which are in contact with the product to be frozen with respect to this particular embodiment.
  • freezer installation is not a limiting factor on the invention as such, but it should be noted that particularly horizontal and vertical plate freezers are advantageous with the present invention.
  • the cooling medium is led to the freezer 10 by the pipe 26 and circulated into the freezing plates 11'-11""" in order to create the freezing capability of the freezer 10.
  • the medium will absorb heat from the product placed between the plates and eventually the medium will evaporate.
  • a pump 15 as well as a cooling medium container 16 is provided.
  • the gas fraction is let out through the outlet 19 and by suction means arranged in the compressor 21 sucked back through the pipeline 33 to the cooling medium supply plant 20.
  • the cooling medium will be very close to the phase transfer temperature, and for this reason the pipe 31 should have a certain length in order to make sure that only liquid is lead through the pump 15 and recirculated into the freezing plates 11. Tests have indicated that if the pipe 31 is too short also a gaseous phase of the cooling medium will be circulated into the cooling plates thereby lowering the capacity of the freezer. Unless the pump is specifically designed for the mixture of gas and liquid, the pump efficiency is severely diminished when gas is present. Furthermore gas may cause cavitation in the pump.
  • FIG 2 is illustrated a cross-section through the cooling medium container 16 such that the outlay of the interior of the container 16 may be illustrated.
  • the gas and liquid mixture is introduced into the container 16 by the inlet 17.
  • the inlet 17 has a further branch pipe 34 through which additional cooling medium in liquid form may be added to the liquid or gas/liquid mixture introduced through the inlet 17 into the container 16.
  • outlets 18, 19 making it possible to drain off any liquid through the outlet 18 which is connected to a pipe 31 (only small portion illustrated).
  • the outlet 18 is connected to the pump means 15 as described above such that the liquid phase of the cooling medium introduced into the cooling medium container 16 may be recirculated into the active freezing elements, in this embodiment freezing plates 11'-11"""". Due to the heat exchange in the freezer part the freezing liquid will evaporate and become a gas which gas is sucked out of the container 16 by the outlet 19 where the outlet 19 has an inlet 19' at the very top part of the container 16.
  • a condenser screen 36 is arranged in the gas/liquid's flow path between the inlet 17 and the outlet 18, 19. As the mixture of gas and liquid hits the screen 36, small particles will condensate and remain in the liquid state and therefore be drained off by the outlet 18 and recirculated in the freezing plates 11'-11"""".
  • the gas portion will have a smaller concentration of very small liquid particles and as such be a purer gas which is easier and therefore more economic to such back to the compressor plant as discussed above.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
EP20140187582 2013-10-09 2014-10-03 Installation de refroidissement Withdrawn EP2860472A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB201317855A GB201317855D0 (en) 2013-10-09 2013-10-09 Cooling plant

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2860472A1 true EP2860472A1 (fr) 2015-04-15

Family

ID=49630419

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20140187582 Withdrawn EP2860472A1 (fr) 2013-10-09 2014-10-03 Installation de refroidissement

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2860472A1 (fr)
GB (1) GB201317855D0 (fr)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB190904540A (en) * 1909-02-24 1910-02-24 Ernst Dettmar An Improved Refrigerating System.
US5255526A (en) * 1992-03-18 1993-10-26 Fischer Harry C Multi-mode air conditioning unit with energy storage system
US20090314023A1 (en) * 2008-06-19 2009-12-24 Laurent Labaste Mauhe Heating, Ventilating and/or Air Conditioning System With Cold Air Storage

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB190904540A (en) * 1909-02-24 1910-02-24 Ernst Dettmar An Improved Refrigerating System.
US5255526A (en) * 1992-03-18 1993-10-26 Fischer Harry C Multi-mode air conditioning unit with energy storage system
US20090314023A1 (en) * 2008-06-19 2009-12-24 Laurent Labaste Mauhe Heating, Ventilating and/or Air Conditioning System With Cold Air Storage

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB201317855D0 (en) 2013-11-20

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