EP2860291A1 - Anode en alliage inerte utilisée pour l'électrolyse d'aluminium et procédé de préparation associé - Google Patents

Anode en alliage inerte utilisée pour l'électrolyse d'aluminium et procédé de préparation associé Download PDF

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EP2860291A1
EP2860291A1 EP13803425.1A EP13803425A EP2860291A1 EP 2860291 A1 EP2860291 A1 EP 2860291A1 EP 13803425 A EP13803425 A EP 13803425A EP 2860291 A1 EP2860291 A1 EP 2860291A1
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Prior art keywords
weight
parts
alloy anode
metal blocks
inert alloy
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German (de)
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EP2860291B1 (fr
EP2860291A4 (fr
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Songtao SUN
Yulin FANG
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Inner Mongolia United Industrial Co Ltd
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Inner Mongolia United Industrial Co Ltd
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Priority claimed from CN201210188424.6A external-priority patent/CN103484895B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201310024019.5A external-priority patent/CN103938080B/zh
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Publication of EP2860291A1 publication Critical patent/EP2860291A1/fr
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C7/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells; Servicing or operating of cells
    • C25C7/02—Electrodes; Connections thereof
    • C25C7/025—Electrodes; Connections thereof used in cells for the electrolysis of melts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
    • C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
    • C25C3/08—Cell construction, e.g. bottoms, walls, cathodes
    • C25C3/12—Anodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D25/00—Special casting characterised by the nature of the product
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
    • C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
    • C22C30/02—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent containing copper
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
    • C22C30/04—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent containing tin or lead
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/008—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tin
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/08—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing nickel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/16—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
    • C22C9/06—Alloys based on copper with nickel or cobalt as the next major constituent

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an inert alloy anode for aluminum electrolysis and a preparing method thereof, belonging to the field of aluminum electrolysis industry.
  • Aluminum electrolysis refers to acquisition of aluminum by alumina electrolysis.
  • a traditional Hall-Heroult molten salt aluminum electrolysis process is typically adopted for aluminum electrolysis, this process is featured by use of a cryolite-alumina molten salt electrolysis method in which cryolite Na 3 AlF 6 fluoride salt melt is taken as flux, Al 2 O 3 is dissolved in the fluoride salt, a carbon body is taken as an anode, aluminum liquid is taken as a cathode, and electrolytic aluminum is obtained by performing electrochemical reaction at the anode and cathode of the electrolytic cell at a high temperature ranging from 940°C to 960°C after a strong direct current is introduced.
  • a metal ceramic inert anode material for aluminum electrolysis which is obtained by the steps of preparing an NiO-NiFe 2 O 4 metal ceramic matrix from raw materials including Ni 2 O 3 and Fe 2 O 3 and then adding metal copper powder and nano NiO, and which has an electric conductivity as high as 102 ⁇ -1 •cm -1 .
  • the anode material with metal ceramic as the matrix though hardly reacting with electrolyte, is large in resistance and high in overvoltage, which results in large power consumption of the process and high cost in the process of aluminum electrolysis; furthermore, the anode material with metal ceramic as the matrix has poor thermal shock resistance and consequently is liable to brittlement during use; and in addition, the processability in use of the anode made from the above materials is poor just because the anode material having the metal ceramic matrix is liable to brittlement, as a result, the anode in any shape cannot be obtained.
  • anode material having the metal ceramic matrix is low in electric conductivity and brittle in structure
  • some researchers have brought forward use of alloy metals as the anode material, in order to improve the electric conductivity of the anode material and simultaneously improve the processability of the anode material.
  • Disclosed in Chinese patent document CN1443877A is an inert anode material applied to aluminum, magnesium, rare earth and other electrolysis industries, this material is formed by binary or multi-element alloy composed of chromium, nickel, ferrum, cobalt, titanium, copper, aluminum, magnesium and other metals, and the preparation method thereof is a method of smelting or powder metallurgy.
  • the prepared anode material is good in electric and thermal conductivity and generates oxygen in the electrolysis process
  • an anode is made of the alloy material composed of 37wt% of cobalt, 18wt% of copper, 19wt% of nickel, 23wt% of ferrum and 3wt% of silver and is used for aluminum electrolysis
  • the anode has a current density of 1.0A/cm 2 in the electrolysis process at 850°C and the cell voltage is steadily maintained within a range from 4.1V to 4.5V in the electrolysis process
  • the prepared aluminum has a purity of 98.35%.
  • the alloy composed of a plurality of metals including chromium, nickel, ferrum, cobalt, titanium, copper, aluminum and magnesium
  • this alloy anode material has higher electric conductivity than the anode ceramic matrix anode material, can be processed in any shape by a smelting or powder metallurgy method and is hardly consumed in the electrolysis process compared with the carbon anode material.
  • an oxide film is generated on the surface of the prepared alloy anode in the prior art, and if this oxide film is destroyed, the anode material exposed to the surface will be oxidized as a new oxide film.
  • the oxide film on the surface of the alloy anode in the above art has low oxidization resistance and is further liable to oxidization reaction to generate products that are likely to be corroded by electrolyte, and the oxide film with low stability is liable to fall off the anode electrode in the electrolysis process; after the previous oxide film is corroded or falls off, the material of the alloy anode exposed to the surface will create a new oxide film by reaction with oxygen, such replacement between new and old oxide films results in continuous consumption and poor corrosion resistance of the anode material as well as short service life of electrodes; furthermore, the corroded or falling oxide film enters into liquid aluminum in the electrolysis process of alumina to degrade the purity of the final product aluminum, as a result, the manufactured aluminum product cannot meet the demand of national standards and accordingly cannot be directly
  • the first technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the alloy anode in the prior art is expensive in metal materials used, high in process cost, low in electric conductivity and high in overvoltage, as a result, power consumption of the process is increased; therefore, provided is an inert alloy anode for aluminum electrolysis with low cost and overvoltage, and a preparing method thereof.
  • the second technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that, an oxide film on the surface of the alloy anode in the prior art is low in oxidation resistance and liable to fall off, which leads to continuous consumption of the alloy anode and poor corrosion resistance, furthermore, the corroded or falling oxide film enters into liquid aluminum to degrade the purity of the final product aluminum; therefore, provided is an inert alloy anode for aluminum electrolysis, which is strong in oxidization resistance of the oxide film formed on the surface and not liable to fall off so as to improve the corrosion resistance thereof and the purity of the product aluminum, and a preparing method of the inert alloy anode.
  • the present invention provides an inert alloy anode for aluminum electrolysis, which contains Fe and Cu as primary components, and further contains Sn.
  • the mass ratio of Fe to Cu to Sn is (23-40): (36-60): (0.2-5) or (40.01-80): (0.01-35.9): (0.01-0.19).
  • the inert alloy anode further contains Ni.
  • the mass ratio of Fe to Cu to Ni to Sn is (23-40): (36-60): (14-28): (0.2-5) or (40.01-80): (0.01-35.9): (28.1-70): (0.01-0.19).
  • the inert alloy anode is composed of Fe, Cu, Ni and Sn, wherein the content of Fe is 23-40wt%, the content of Cu is 36-60wt%, the content of Ni is 14-28wt% and the content of Sn is 0.2-5wt%, or the content of Fe is 40.01-71.88wt%, the content of Cu is 0.01-31.88wt%, the content of Ni is 28.1-59.97wt% and the content of Sn is 0.01-0.19wt%.
  • the inert alloy anode further contains Al.
  • the inert alloy anode is composed of Fe, Cu, Ni, Sn and Al, wherein the content of Fe is 23-40wt%, the content of Cu is 36-60wt%, the content of Ni is 14-28wt%, the content of Al is more than zero and less than or equal to 4wt% and the content of Sn is 0.2-5wt%, or the content of Fe is 40.01-71.88wt%, the content of Cu is 0.01-31.88wt%, the content of Ni is 28.1-59.97wt%, the content of Al is more than zero and less than or equal to 4wt% and the content of Sn is 0.01-0.19wt%.
  • the inert alloy anode further contains Y.
  • the inert alloy anode is composed of Fe, Cu, Ni, Sn, Al and Y, wherein the content of Fe is 23-40wt%, the content of Cu is 36-60wt%, the content of Ni is 14-28wt%, the content of Al is more than zero and less than or equal to 4wt%, the content of Y is more than zero and less than or equal to 2wt% and the content of Sn is 0.2-5wt%, or the content of Fe is 40.01-71.88wt%, the content of Cu is 0.01-31.88wt%, the content of Ni is 28.1-59.97wt%, the content of Al is more than zero and less than or equal to 4wt%, the content of Y is more than zero and less than or equal to 2wt% and the content of Sn is 0.01-0.19wt%.
  • a preparing method of the inert alloy anode comprises the following steps: melting and uniformly mixing the metals Fe, Cu and Sn, and then rapidly casting and cooling the mixture to obtain the inert alloy anode; or, melting the metals Fe, Cu and Sn at first, then adding and melting the metal Al or Y, and uniformly mixing, or adding and melting the metal Al at first, then adding and melting the metal Y, uniformly mixing, and rapidly casting and cooling the mixture to obtain the inert alloy anode; or, melting and mixing the metals Fe, Cu, Ni and Sn and then casting the mixture to obtain the inert alloy anode; or, melting the metals Fe, Cu, Ni and Sn at first, then adding and melting the metal Al or Y, and uniformly mixing, or adding and melting the metal Al at first, then adding and melting the metal Y, uniformly mixing, and casting the mixture to obtain the inert alloy anode.
  • the inert alloy anode for aluminum electrolysis in the present invention has the beneficial effects below:
  • the inert alloy anode has a density of 8.3g/cm 3 , a specific resistivity of 62 ⁇ •cm and a melting point of 1400°C.
  • the inert alloy anode has a density of 7.8g/cm 3 , a specific resistivity of 82 ⁇ •cm and a melting point of 1369°C.
  • the inert alloy anode has a density of 7.9g/cm 3 , a specific resistivity of 86 ⁇ •cm and a melting point of 1390°C.
  • the inert alloy anode has a density of 8.2g/cm 3 , a specific resistivity of 78 ⁇ •cm and a melting point of 1370°C.
  • the inert alloy anode has a density of 8.3g/cm 3 , a specific resistivity of 68 ⁇ •cm and a melting point of 1360°C.
  • the inert alloy anode has a density of 8.1g/cm 3 , a specific resistivity of 76.8 ⁇ •cm and a melting point of 1386°C.
  • the inert alloy anode has a density of 8.2g/cm 3 , a specific resistivity of 72 ⁇ •cm and a melting point of 1350°C.
  • the inert alloy anode has a density of 8.1g/cm 3 , a specific resistivity of 70 ⁇ •cm and a melting point of 1330°C.
  • the inert alloy anode has a density of 8.2g/cm 3 , a specific resistivity of 73 ⁇ •cm and a melting point of 1340°C.
  • the inert alloy anode has a density of 8.0g/cm 3 , a specific resistivity of 74 ⁇ •cm and a melting point of 1350°C.
  • the inert alloy anode has a density of 8.1g/cm 3 , a specific resistivity of 68 ⁇ •cm and a melting point of 1370°C.
  • the inert alloy anode has a density of 8.4g/cm 3 , a specific resistivity of 69 ⁇ •cm and a melting point of 1340°C.
  • the inert alloy anode has a density of 8.15g/cm 3 , a specific resistivity of 69 ⁇ •cm and a melting point of 1369°C.
  • the inert alloy anode has a density of 8.0g/cm 3 , a specific resistivity of 67.6 ⁇ •cm and a melting point of 1379°C.
  • the inert alloy anode has a density of 8.4g/cm 3 , a specific resistivity of 67 ⁇ •cm and a melting point of 1358°C.
  • the inert alloy anode has a density of 8.1g/cm 3 , a specific resistivity of 70.9 ⁇ •cm and a melting point of 1375°C.
  • the inert alloy anode has a density of 8.3g/cm 3 , a specific resistivity of 68.9 ⁇ •cm and a melting point of 1381°C.
  • the inert alloy anode has a density of 8.3g/cm 3 , a specific resistivity of 68 ⁇ •cm and a melting point of 1360°C.
  • the inert alloy anode has a density of 8.1g/cm 3 , a specific resistivity of 76.8 ⁇ •cm and a melting point of 1386°C.
  • the inert alloy anode has a density of 8.2g/cm 3 , a specific resistivity of 70 ⁇ •cm and a melting point of 1365°C.
  • the inert alloy anode has a density of 8.1g/cm 3 , a specific resistivity of 76.8 ⁇ •cm and a melting point of 1386°C.
  • the inert alloy anode has a density of 8.22g/cm 3 , a specific resistivity of 68.2 ⁇ •cm and a melting point of 1360°C.
  • 1 part by weight is 10g, and the inert anode alloy resulted from casting can be in any shape as required.
  • the inert alloy anode 23 has a density of 8.2g/cm 3 , a specific resistivity of 61 ⁇ •cm and a melting point of 1400°C.
  • the inert alloy anode has a density of 7.5g/cm 3 , a specific resistivity of 82 ⁇ •cm and a melting point of 1369°C.
  • the inert alloy anode has a density of 7.9g/cm 3 , a specific resistivity of 84 ⁇ •cm and a melting point of 1390°C.
  • the inert alloy anode has a density of 8.4g/cm 3 , a specific resistivity of 78 ⁇ •cm and a melting point of 1370°C.
  • the inert alloy anode has a density of 8.5g/cm 3 , a specific resistivity of 68 ⁇ •cm and a melting point of 1360°C.
  • the inert alloy anode has a density of 7.7g/cm 3 , a specific resistivity of 76.8 ⁇ •cm and a melting point of 1386°C.
  • the inert alloy anode has a density of 8.2g/cm 3 , a specific resistivity of 72 ⁇ •cm and a melting point of 1350°C.
  • the inert alloy anode has a density of 8.1g/cm 3 , a specific resistivity of 70 ⁇ •cm and a melting point of 1330°C.
  • the inert alloy anode has a density of 8.2g/cm 3 , a specific resistivity of 73 ⁇ •cm and a melting point of 1340°C.
  • the inert alloy anode has a density of 8.0g/cm 3 , a specific resistivity of 74 ⁇ •cm and a melting point of 1350°C.
  • the inert alloy anode has a density of 8.1 g/cm 3 , a specific resistivity of 68 ⁇ •cm and a melting point of 1370°C.
  • the inert alloy anode has a density of 8.4g/cm 3 , a specific resistivity of 69 ⁇ •cm and a melting point of 1340°C.
  • the inert alloy anode has a density of 8.15g/cm 3 , a specific resistivity of 69 ⁇ •cm and a melting point of 1369°C.
  • the inert alloy anode has a density of 8.0g/cm 3 , a specific resistivity of 67.6 ⁇ •cm and a melting point of 1379°C.
  • the inert alloy anode has a density of 8.4g/cm 3 , a specific resistivity of 67 ⁇ •cm and a melting point of 1358°C.
  • the inert alloy anode has a density of 8.1g/cm 3 , a specific resistivity of 70.9 ⁇ •cm and a melting point of 1375°C.
  • the inert alloy anode has a density of 8.3g/cm 3 , a specific resistivity of 68.9 ⁇ •cm and a melting point of 1381°C.
  • the inert alloy anode has a density of 8.3g/cm 3 , a specific resistivity of 68 ⁇ •cm and a melting point of 1360°C.
  • the inert alloy anode has a density of 8.1g/cm 3 , a specific resistivity of 76.8 ⁇ •cm and a melting point of 1386°C.
  • the inert alloy anode has a density of 8.2g/cm 3 , a specific resistivity of 70 ⁇ •cm and a melting point of 1365°C.
  • the inert alloy anode has a density of 8.1g/cm 3 , a specific resistivity of 76.8 ⁇ •cm and a melting point of 1386°C.
  • the inert alloy anode has a density of 8.22g/cm 3 , a specific resistivity of 68.2 ⁇ •cm and a melting point of 1360°C.
  • the alloy powders containing 37wt% of Co, 18wt% of Cu, 19wt% of Ni, 23wt% of Fe and 3wt% of Ag are subjected to powder metallurgic process to obtain an anode, and before use, an oxide film is formed on the surface of the metal anode by pre-oxidization at 1000°C to obtain an inert alloy anode A.
  • the inert alloy anodes 1-44 and A are each taken as an anode, graphite is taken as a cathode, the anode and the cathode are vertically inserted into an electrolytic cell provided with a corundum liner, and the distance between the anode and the cathode is 3cm.
  • the anode has a current density of 1.0A/cm 2 at 760°C, and is electrolyzed for up to 40 hours in an electrolyte having the components including 32wt% of sodium fluoride, 57wt% of aluminum fluoride, 3wt% of lithium fluoride, 4wt% of potassium fluoride and 4wt% of alumina, and the test results are shown in the Table below: Inert Alloy Anode Cell Voltage (V) Direct Current Consumption for Per Ton of Aluminum (kw•h) Purity of Product Aluminum (%) 1 3.10 10040 99.80 2 3.14 10170 99.81 3 3.22 10429 99.85 4 3.16 10235 99.80 5 3.10 10040 99.85 6 3.39 10979 99.82 7 3.15 10202 99.85 8 3.27 10591 99.85 9 3.18 10299 99.83 10 3.36 10882 99.81 11 3.28 10623 99.80 12 3.40 11000 99.82 13 3.32 10753 99.84
  • the inert alloy anode in the present invention has a cell voltage much lower than that of the alloy anode in the comparative example, consequently, using the inert alloy anode in the present invention can reduce the power consumption in an aluminum electrolysis process remarkably, which further reduces energy waste and lower cost.
  • the inert alloy anode in the present invention can be used for producing aluminum products which meet the high-purity standard, i.e. the purity of these aluminum products can be over 99.8, which meets the national primary aluminum standard.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
EP13803425.1A 2012-06-11 2013-05-30 Anode en alliage inerte utilisée pour l'électrolyse d'aluminium et procédé de préparation associé Active EP2860291B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201210188424.6A CN103484895B (zh) 2012-06-11 2012-06-11 一种电解铝用惰性合金阳极及其制备方法
CN201310024019.5A CN103938080B (zh) 2013-01-23 2013-01-23 电解铝用惰性合金阳极及其制备方法
PCT/CN2013/076441 WO2013185539A1 (fr) 2012-06-11 2013-05-30 Anode en alliage inerte utilisée pour l'électrolyse d'aluminium et procédé de préparation associé

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2860291A1 true EP2860291A1 (fr) 2015-04-15
EP2860291A4 EP2860291A4 (fr) 2015-12-09
EP2860291B1 EP2860291B1 (fr) 2020-01-08

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US (1) US20150159287A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2860291B1 (fr)
KR (1) KR20150022994A (fr)
AP (1) AP2015008186A0 (fr)
AU (1) AU2013275996B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2876336C (fr)
EA (1) EA030951B1 (fr)
IN (1) IN2015DN00217A (fr)
WO (1) WO2013185539A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA201409511B (fr)

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EP3839084A1 (fr) * 2019-12-20 2021-06-23 David Jarvis Alliage métallique
RU2727384C1 (ru) * 2019-12-23 2020-07-21 Михаил Константинович Кулеш Термохимически стойкий анод для электролиза алюминия
RU2734512C1 (ru) * 2020-06-09 2020-10-19 Михаил Константинович Кулеш Термохимически стойкий анод для электролиза алюминия
CN113337849B (zh) * 2021-06-10 2022-09-30 中南大学 一种铝电解金属陶瓷惰性阳极及其近净成形制备方法

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CN101824631B (zh) * 2009-03-02 2011-12-28 北京有色金属研究总院 铝电解用复合合金惰性阳极及使用该阳极的铝电解方法
CN101717969A (zh) * 2009-12-18 2010-06-02 中国铝业股份有限公司 一种适用于金属熔盐电解槽惰性阳极的合金材料
CN102011144A (zh) * 2010-12-15 2011-04-13 中国铝业股份有限公司 适用于金属熔盐电解槽惰性阳极的镍基合金材料
CN102230189A (zh) 2011-06-14 2011-11-02 贵州大学 一种电解铝用纳米金属陶瓷惰性阳极材料及其制备方法

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CA2876336C (fr) 2017-03-14
EP2860291B1 (fr) 2020-01-08
WO2013185539A1 (fr) 2013-12-19
EA030951B1 (ru) 2018-10-31
EP2860291A4 (fr) 2015-12-09
ZA201409511B (en) 2016-08-31
AU2013275996B2 (en) 2016-10-27
AP2015008186A0 (en) 2015-01-31
US20150159287A1 (en) 2015-06-11
EA201492227A1 (ru) 2015-05-29

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